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Boswellia serrata has been traditionally used for the treatment of several inflammatory diseases, and bacterial resistance to antibiotics has recently increased the use of bioproducts. The present study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect and phagocytic ability of the aqueous extract of the Boswellia serrata in bacteria isolated in nosocomial infections. Boswellia carterii plant was collected and prepared from the aqueous extract in different concentrations. A total of 125 samples were collected from various clinical sources, including urine, sputum, wounds, otitis, and blood, from patients of both genders in different age groups. The results demonstrated that out of the 59 infected samples, urine samples had the highest infection (68%), followed by wounds, sputum, and otitis reported as (60%), (44%), and (40%), respectively. On the other hand, blood samples had the lowest percentage of infection (28%). Microscopic diagnostic results, biochemical tests, API Staph System, API 20E System, and Vitek 2 Compact pointed out that the highest infection rates were related to Staphylococcus aureus (32.20%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.33%), and Escherichia coli (22.03%), while the lowest infection rate was detected in Klebsiella pneumonia (20.33%). The results indicated that aqueous extract of Boswellia carterii had an antibacterial activity for all bacterial isolates, 25 mg/ml of extract gave an inhibition zone of 10.8 mm,10.4 mm, 7mm, and 10mm for S. aureus, E. coli, P aeruginosa, and K. pneumonia, respectively, while 200 mg/ml of extract gave 24 mm, 22 mm, 18.4 mm, and 20 mm, respectively. The results pointed to a significant increase in the phagocytosis rate, with the phagocytosis of blood samples treated with Boswellia carterii extract (79.7%), as compared to control samples (57.75%). As evidenced by the results of this study, the aqueous extract of the Boswellia carterii plant showed antibacterial effects and a positive impact on the phagocytic ratio; nonetheless, it is recommended that further studies be conducted to characterize the compounds of this herb.

Hyperlipidemia is one of the major risk factors contributing to the severity of cardiovascular disease. Treatment of hyperlipidemia involves diet control and the use of lipid-lowering drugs. However, some patients cannot tolerate the side effects of these drugs, so modern medicine is turning to traditional medicine in search of new therapeutic agents. The objective of this study is the determination of the effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of Thymus vulgaris L. administered orally at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight on the lipid profile — total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), very lowdensity lipoproteins (VLDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) — of mice on a high cholesterol diet. Determination of lipid parameters after 30 days of treatment showed a significant decrease in the level of TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL with a non-significant increase in HDL level. These results demonstrated that Thymus vulgaris extracts have hypolipidic activity and could be used for the prevention of disorders associated with hyperlipidemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regarding the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial effects of Salvia officnalis (S. officinalis) extracts and the use of medicinal herbs as an alternative to chemical drugs, this study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic changes and reduction of hepatocyte damage in mice poisoned with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) after treatment with aqueous and alcoholic extract of Salvia officnalis. A total of 40 adult male mice were divided into eight groups including six experimental, one negative, and one positive control group, which were exposed to CCl4 at the concentration of 2.3 mg/kg. The active compounds in the alcoholic and aqueous extracts of S. officinalis were obtained using high-performance liquid chromatography. Subsequently, S. officinalis extract in 100, 200, and 300 mg /kg doses were fed orally to mice for six days. The enzymes (GST, ALP, ALT, AST, and MDA) were determined in mice serum. The study results showed that enzyme activity was significantly decreased in the group treated with S. officinalis extract, and the concentration of 300mg/kg proved to be most effective. In addition, it was indicated that the alcoholic extract had a higher effect than the aqueous extract, which might be due to the greater amount of active compounds in the alcoholic extract. The improving effects of S. officinalis can be attributed to the bioactive components with antioxidant properties that inhibit the damaging effects of free radicals, chemical drugs, and tissue damage.

This work contributes to the safety assessment of the aqueous seed extract of Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiaceae). A subacute oral to extract on the renal function of male albino mice was evaluated following biochemical and histopathological analyses. The oral administration of repeated doses at 250, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg of body weight (bw) of the aqueous extract to the mice for 28 days did not cause any mortality, while there was a change in the behavior of mice treated at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg bw. A biochemical analysis was performed at the end of the study, showing a significant elevation of serum urea and, in particular, creatinine levels in the groups given the doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg bw, compared with the control group. This elevation was confirmed by histopathological examination of the renal tissues, which showed observable cell damage, indicating that the administration of the aqueous seed extract of Pimpinella anisum L. in high doses may cause renal dysfunction.xicity study was performed according to OECD guidelines. Likewise, the effect of the aqueous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the aqueous extracts (AE) of leaves and flowers of Bituminaria bituminosa (L.). The results reveal that both the leaves and flowers contain high levels of total phenols, estimated respectively at 141.4 ± 1.43 mg EAC/g of extract and 128.11 ± 3.00 mg EAC/g of extract. Also, the test shows that the FRAP reducing power AE leaves is higher (64.27 ± 2.97 mg ET/g of extract) as that of the flowers (53.61 ± 3.81 mg ET/g of extract). Scavenging capacity of DPPH (2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical is very interesting with an IC50 equal to 0.203 ± 0.002 mg/ml for AE leaves and 0.457 ± 0.003 mg/ml for AE flowers. Furthermore, the two extracts tested exhibit protective antiradical activity resulted in a half time of major hemolysis, 133.61 ± 1.22 min and 103.45 ± 6.63 min respectively to the leaves and flowers. As for testing antimicrobial activity, AE leaves proved more effective than the flowers extract, it shows a remarkable activity against all the strains studied. The effect of this extract is significantly for Bacillus subtilis with a maximum inhibition of approximately 13.33 ± 0.57 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résume Introduction. Les graines de Nigella sativa ont un large éventail d'applications thérapeutiques en médecine traditionnelle. Objectif. Le pouvoir antihyperglycémiant de Nigella sativa, exprimé, à travers le potentiel antioxydant a été évalué. Matériel et Méthodes. Le pouvoir antioxydant de l'extrait aqueux de Nigella sativa (EAq.NS) a été déterminé, dans un premier temps, à travers deux tests chimiques: le DPPH et le blanchissement du β-carotène. Puis, après induction du diabète par l'alloxane, les rats wistar ont été traités par 2 g/kg d'EAq.NS, pendant 8 semaines. La glycémie et l’insuliné-mie ont été mesurées. Les substances réactives à l’acide thiobarbiturique (TBARS) ont été déterminées au niveau sérique, érythrocytaire et tissulaire (tissu adipeux, foie et pancréas). Un examen histologique du pancréas a été réalisé, à l'issue du traitement, afin d'examiner l'effet de l’extrait sur les ilots de Langerhans. Résultats. Des perturba-tions métaboliques et des modifications histologiques des ilots de Langerhans ont été observées chez le rat, après l'injection d'alloxane. L'administration de l'extrait aqueux de Nigella sativa aux rats diabétiques a diminué, de manière significative, la glycémie et les TBARS sériques, hépatiques et pancréatiques et a montré une insulinémie rétablie. Ces résultats ont été confortés par l'observation histologique du pancréas, montrant une régénération des îlots et de leurs cellules constitutives, pouvant s'expliquer, à notre sens, par la théorie du balancement de Laguesse. Conclusion. L’EAq.NS montre un effet hyperglycémiant et antioxydant évident, à la dose de 2g/kg,, chez le rat diabétique. [Abstract Introduction. Nigella sativa seeds have a wide range of therapeutic applica-tions in traditional medicine. Objective. The antihyperglycemic power of Nigella sativa, particularly, expressed by its antioxidant potential was investigated. Material and Methods. The antioxidant power of Nigella sativa aqueous extract (AEq.NS) was first evaluated through two chemical tests: DPPH and the bleaching of β-carotene. After induction of diabetes with alloxan, the wistar rats were treated with 2 g/kg of AEq.NS for 8 weeks. Glycemia, and insulinemia were measured. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were evaluated on serum, erythrocytes, and tissues (adipose tissue, liver, and pancreas). Histological examination of pancreas was carried out at the end of the treatment, in order to examine the effect of our extract on the Langerhans islets. Results. Metabolic disturbances, and histological changes of the Langerhans islets were observed, in rats after alloxan injection. Administration of Nigella sativa aqueous extract to diabetic rats reduced significantly glycemia, and serum, hepatic and pancreatic TBARS, and restored insulinemia. These results were confirmed by pancreas histological observation, showing a regeneration of the islets and their β cells, which could be explainned, in our opinion, by Laguesse sway theory. Conclusion. AEq.NS shows an evident antihyperglycemic, and antioxidant effect, at a dose of 2g/kg, in diabetic rats.]

Cereals and durum wheat in particular are of crucial importance in many countries, including Algeria, both agronomically and socio-economically. Thus, to achieve sustainable food security, it is necessary to improve and increase cereal production. However, in recent years, another constraint has emerged which is that of weeds. In fact, weeds have gradually multiplied to cover more and more important areas, especially in the cereal zones where direct seeding is practiced. As a result, cereals pay a heavy price each year because of their invasion by these competing plants such as brome, wild oats, mustard, cleavers, poppy ... In addition, the chemical herbicides used are very effective (such as the "famous" Glyphosate) to fight against this scourge. Unfortunately, it is an expensive practice and harmful for the human health and the environment. To this end, as an alternative to weed control, our work aims to inhibit the germination of cereal weed seeds by using aqueous extract of eucalyptus leaves at different doses (5, 10 and 20%) compared to a control (2,4D herbicide). The results indicate a reasonable hope of using plant extracts as herbicides in biological control because the plant tested during this work has shown real inhibitory properties of germination. Indeed, Eucalyptus globulus has been shown to be a potent inhibitor, consistent with its allelopathic ability. Thus, biological control using biopesticide is a tool facilitating the implementation of weed control programs offering an acceptable balance between the need to protect crops and the simultaneous respect of the environment and human health.

This study focuses on the detection of the soil seed bank of Hassi Ben Abdellah's abandoned pivots (Ouargla) by the use of aqueous extracts of cultivated plant (Triticum durum and Hordeum sativum) and spontaneous (Moltkiopsis ciliata and Oudneya africana ). The identification of the potential flora of the seed bank. Showed that the flora that characterizes this bank of the seeds is of 06 vegetable species repaired on 03 families. The soil seed bank potential estimate was made by the semi-direct method. The density and the wealth vary from a treatment other on registré the strongest density and richness on the level of witness respectively 05 individuals, 04 species. The total wealth is of 05 species for the whole of the treatments the strongest is obtained by Oudneya africana. There is a specialization for Triticum durum, which has shown that poaceae (Bromus madritensis and Bromus rubens), as well as spontaneous species of Moltkiopsis ciliata, recorded 02 botanical families Poaceae (Bromus madritensis) and Amaranthaceae (Chenopodium mural). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Résumé La pourriture grise est l’une des principales maladies menaçant la tomate marocaine. Cette maladie est contrôlée souvent par des fongicides. Or, ces derniers constituent un véritable danger pour la santé humaine et l’environnement. Ainsi, cette étude s’inscrit dans le cadre de recherche des alternatives, inoffensives et non polluantes, telles les extraits de plantes aromatiques et médicinales. Dans la présente étude, les extraits de quatre plantes médicinales et aromatiques ( Lavandula officinalis , Thymus vulgaris , Cymbopogon citratus et Melissa officinalis ) ont été testés pour leur pouvoir antifongique in vitro et in vivo sur Botrytis cinerea . Les résultats obtenus révèlent qu’ in vitro , les extraits aqueux de Lavandula officinalis , Thymus vulgaris et Cymbopogon citratus possèdent tous une activité antifongique importante, alors que Melissa officinalis se montre la moins efficace. Par ailleurs, les extraits aqueux de Cymbopogon citratus et de Thymus vulgaris sont les plus efficaces sur les plantes, tandis que ceux de Melissa officinalis et Lavandula officinalis n’ont aucun effet sur le pathogène. Sur le fruit, seul l’extrait aqueux de Cymbopogon citratus s’avère le plus efficace contre B . cinerea . Par conséquent, les extraits aqueux de Cymbopogon citratus et de Thymus vulgaris sont les plus envisageables pour le contrôle biologique de la pourriture grise. Grey mould is a major disease threatening the Moroccan tomato; this disease is often controlled by fungicides. However, the latter are a real danger to human health and environment. Thus, this study is part of the research of harmless alternatives such extracts of aromatic and medicinal plants ( Lavandula officinalis , Thymus vulgaris , Cymbopogon citratus , and Melissa officinalis ). In this study, the extracts of four medicinal and aromatic plants were tested for their antifungal potency in vitro and in vivo in order to select the most effective. The results show that, in vitro , the Lavandula officinalis , Thymus vulgaris and Cymbopogon citratus aqueous extracts all possess significant antifungal activity, whereas Melissa officinalis shows the least effective. Also in vivo only the aqueous extract of Cymbopogon citratus proves most effective against B . cinerea on tomato fruit. The test of the plants confirms that aqueous extracts of Cymbopogon citratus and Thymus vulgaris are most effective, while the aqueous extracts of Melissa officinalis and Lavandula officinalis always seem to be the least effective. Therefore, the aqueous extracts of Cymbopogon citratus and Thymus vulgaris are the most envisaged for the biological control of grey mould. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of phytosanitary products is becoming increasingly restricted, due to their high cost, as well as the unavailability of certain products on the local market and their damaging effects on the environment and health. These different reasons motivated the search for alternative solutions to the use of synthetic pesticides. On this basis, we took on the task of evaluating the anti-fungal effectiveness of aqueous plant extracts from Balanites aegyptiaca, Cymbopogon citratus, Cassia occidentalis and Portulaca oleracea. These extracts, at 30% concentration, were obtained after different maceration periods (6, 12, 24 and 48 hours) and tested in vitro against Colletotrichum graminicola and Phoma sorghina. The effect of the extracts on the mycelium growth of various fungi, when evaluated 10 days after incubation (DAI), shows that extracts of C. citratus, B. aegyptiaca, P. oleracea and C. occidentalis inhibit the growth of C. graminicola by 100%, 65%, 43% and 38%, respectively. The extract of C. citratus prevents the development of C. graminicola, regardless of the maceration period. This extract produces a greater inhibitory effect than the fungicide Calthio DS (20% Lindane and 25% Thirame). Compared to P. sorghina, inhibition percentages of 100, 72 and 16 were recorded for extracts of C. citratus, P. oleracea and C. occidentalis. However, extracts of C. citratus (macerated for 24 and 48 hours) and extract of P. oleracea (macerated for 48 hours) were more effective than the other extracts.

The use of aqueous extracts in concentrations of 5% and 15% of the northern Sahara Cleome arabica, has tracked their effect on the first larval stage of Ectomyeloisceratoniae under controlled conditions. It has been demonstrated that the mortality rate increases with the concentration of the extract, and as a function of time, we noted the most important mortality rate (82.2%) after 7 days of treatment under the effect 15% of the extract. The minimum lethal time (8.91jours) was recorded with the aqueous extract of Cleome arabica to 15%. The results of this study demonstrate that certain compounds of C. arabica may be useful in the development of bio-insecticides. for use in the integrated management of the fight against Ectomyelois. ceratoniae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study concerned the larvicidal activity of Citrullus colocynthis aqueous fruit extract on the two species of mosquitoes larvae (Culex pipiens and Culiseta longiareolata) breeding in the laboratory, in 2014 of the Laghouat region. The preliminary results showed that used extract has a high efficiency compared to natural substances of plant or microbial origin. This efficiency is expressed by the calculated toxicologicalparameters which are successively LC50 and LC90, with 3.83 and 5.20 mg/L for Culex pipiens and 5.05 and 5.64 mg/L for Culiseta longiareolata. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Phytothérapie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)