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National audience; Borrelia (ou Borreliella) burgdorferi (Bb) est l’agent infectieux responsable de la maladie de Lyme. Même si de nombreuses études ont été conduites sur cet organisme, beaucoup de question reste sans réponse concernant sa physiologie et sa pathogénicité. En effet, la culture de Bb présente de nombreuse difficultés. Par exemple, la méthode standard de suivi de croissance de Bb actuelle est un dénombrement manuel au microscope utilisant une chambre de comptage de Petroff Hausser, ce qui demande du temps et présente une certaine variabilité. Dans cette étude, nous proposons une méthode alternative, plus rapide et automatisée, représentant une amélioration qui pourra permettre d’accélérer les études dans ce champs de recherche.

International audience

The aim of this contribution is, focusing on the case of Corsica, to quantify the identity value of local production. Apart from the nutritional, healthy and organoleptic features of local products, from the consumer point of view, their consumption tends to develop a sense of belonging to the place it is produced in: in other words, it is not just food, but it is also an experience allowing individuals to connect with local heritage. For instance due to the originality of the techniques or the quality of the employed ingredients. One can say that both material and immaterial local patrimony are transferred to the product, increasing consumers' willingness to pay and therefore its market value. It is precisely this identity value that we would like to isolate and estimate combining a choice experiment method with a geographical qualitative approach. To this end, a geographical survey has been undertaken. It aims to identify typical consumption profiles depending on the link between the consumer, the place and the product. This survey is complemented with an econometric analysis in order to identify consumers' motivations and measure the related values., Ce texte propose d'explorer la valeur identitaire des produits de terroir à partir de l'exemple de la Corse. Dans ce contexte territorial particulier, la demande touristique tendrait à valoriser fortement la représentation de conservatoire d'authenticité que renvoie l'île. Au-delà des qualités nutritives, sanitaires et organoleptiques des produits, les touristes chercheraient à s'immiscer dans le territoire et à opérer une rencontre avec la culture locale. C'est précisément cette « sur- » valeur patrimoniale investie par les touristes que nous cherchons à mesurer. Pour cela, une enquête géographique a été conduite de façon à mettre en évidence différents profils de consommateurs en fonction de leurs liens aux produits et au territoire. Celle-ci est complétée par une analyse économétrique devant conduire à identifier et classer les motivations des consommateurs et à mesurer quantitativement les différentes valeurs.

International audience

International audience

International audience

National audience

Several preliminary studies suggest that prophylactic administration of probiotics reduces the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants, and several neonatology units have introduced this treatment under strict surveillance. Nonetheless, breast milk feeding remains the mainstay of NEC prevention. The beta-blocker propranolol, known for its effectiveness on cutaneous hemangiomas, is also proving useful for the treatment of subglottic or visceral hemangiomas. Following the decrease in severe bacterial infections thanks to widespread vaccinations, the McCarthy clinical score has regained importance in the prediction of the risk of bacterial infection in febrile infants. It is easy to use, economical, and has a diagnostic value comparable to laboratory tests. The new WHO growth charts have been introduced in Switzerland in 2011 to take into account the increasing regional and ethnic variations in our country. Any significant change in growth velocity should prompt an evaluation of the need of further investigations.

Two cases of neonatal focal spontaneous colic perforations are reported. The 1st infant, born at 36 3/7 weeks gestational age, presented on day 3 with crying, abdominal distension, and liquid stools. Clinical examination showed a slightly irritable hypothermic (35.7 °C) infant with a distended abdomen and few bowel sounds. Blood tests were normal apart from an elevated C-reactive protein level (59 mg/l). The abdomen x-ray was erroneously considered normal. The infant's condition remained stable for nearly 3 days. After reviewing the initial x-ray, pneumoperitoneum was suspected and confirmed by a cross-table lateral abdominal x-ray. The infant was started on antibiotics and operated. Macroscopically, the entire gut was normal apart from a focal sigmoid perforation, which was stitched. A transmural colic biopsy revealed focal vascular dilation but was negative for necrotising enterocolitis or Hirschsprung disease. The infant recovered quickly. She is now a healthy, normal 3-year-old. The 2nd infant, born at 38 5/7 weeks gestational age, presented between day 1 and 2 with clinical signs of infection associated with slowly progressive ileus. The chest and abdomen x-ray was mistakenly considered normal. Frank septicemia developed. After reviewing the initial x-ray, pneumoperitoneum was suspected and confirmed by a cross-table lateral abdominal x-ray. The infant was operated. Macroscopically, the small intestine was normal, the ascending and transverse colons were dilated, and the descending and sigmoid colons were narrow. Three cecal perforations were discovered and stitched. An ileostomy and multiple colic biopsies were also performed. The postoperative course was complicated by persistent septic ileus due to descending and sigmoid colon leaks, which led to colic resections with end-to-end anastomosis. Rectal aspiration biopsies were also performed. At 1 month of age, the infant was discharged from the hospital. The ileostomy was closed in two steps at 2 and 5 months of age. A normal sweat test excluded cystic fibrosis. All colic and rectal biopsies revealed nonspecific inflammatory signs and excluded necrotizing enterocolitis and Hirschsprung disease. Nonspecific irregular thinning of muscularis mucosae and muscularis propria were observed in the two resected colic segments. The boy is now a healthy 7-year-old. The incidence of neonatal focal spontaneous colic perforations at term or close to term is unknown but probably very rare. Our department is the neonatal referral center for approximately 14,000 annual births. In the last 10 years (2000-2009), out of 5115 neonatal admissions in our unit, only ten cases have presented a neonatal spontaneous intestinal perforation, seven of ten in very-low-birth-weight infants and three of ten in term or near-term neonates (one with Hirschsprung disease and the two cases reported herein). In the same period, 108 infants suffered from necrotizing enterocolitis, seven of 108 were term infants and 6 out of 7 had a congenital heart disease. The medical literature is poor on the subject of focal spontaneous colic perforations at term; no risk factor is described. The most specific clinical sign seems to be the abdominal distension. The presence of pneumoperitoneum on an abdominal x-ray is the most sensitive paraclinical sign. In case of an intestinal perforation, surgery must be performed quickly. The vital prognosis seems to be good. The objective of this study was to draw pediatricians' attention to focal spontaneous colic perforations in term or close to term newborns. In the cases reported, the diagnostic delays could have been prevented if the entity - with its radiological manifestation - had been well known.

AgroParisTech is a Graduate Institute in Science and Engineering. At the Maison de la detection en Languedoc-Roussillon in Montpellier this institute proposes diversified training initiatives, in connection with the practice of the geographical information systems. Learning activities are integrated into a mixed unity of research, the UMR TETIS, and teachers' team wish to have a quality approach with as aim the obtaining of the certification ISO 9001:2008. The mission presented in this text describes the installation of the management system of the quality, the formalization of the documentation, according to the approach process and by means of the reference standard ISO 9004:2009. Finally to test this approaches an internal audit of the process heart of business was realized.; AgroParisTech est une grande école européenne d'ingénieurs et de managers dans le domaine du vivant et de l'environnement. Au sein de la Maison de la Télédétection en Languedoc-Roussillon cet organisme propose des actions de formation diversifiées, en relation avec la pratique des systèmes d'informations géographiques. Les actions de formation sont intégrées dans une unité mixte de recherche l'UMR TETIS et l'équipe d'enseignants souhaite s'engager dans une démarche qualité avec comme visée l'obtention de la certification ISO 9001:2008. La mission présentée dans ce texte décrit l'installation du système de management de la qualité, la formalisation de la documentation selon l'approche processus à l'aide du référentiel ISO 9004:2009. Enfin, de manière à tester la démarche initiée, un audit interne d'un processus 'coeur de métier' a été réalisé.

This year we present three papers on recent advances in paediatrics from the fields of neonatology, adolescent medicine and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 1. Recent studies question the application of pure oxygen for neonatal reanimation and suggest that lower concentrations or even air may be more adequate for the reanimation of most newborns. 2. Bullying is an aggressive, repetitive and intentionally blessing behaviour. It is observed mainly at school and the victims are usually children with a weak personality or children suffering from chronic diseases. The doctor's role is to detect this behaviour and to help protect the victims. 3. The respiratory surveillance of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the corner-stone of their management. An algorithm allows to time correctly the initiation of non-invasive ventilation and to insure as long as possible a good life quality.

As tourism is becoming one of the most important sectors of the world economy, the number of small islands trying to develop a competitive tourist activity is increasing and this strategy appears as growth enhancing. In most cases, it relies on the environmental quality of the destination, but also on lodging infrastructures and related services that tourists deserve in order to enjoy a good experience. This paper explores the intertemporal trade-off between investments and environmental quality preservation needed to ensure tourism profitability in the long run. It highlights the possible cyclical evolution of environmental quality, tourist infrastructures, investments and visitor numbers, considering both the central planner and the market solutions.

International audience

International audience