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See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001

Biofilters are used for biological wastewater treatment and refer to facilities in which the process of water treatment is carried out with the help of biofilm attached to the load. The use of these filters is becoming more and more relevant in the modern world due to the growing pollution of the environment. This method is effective in treating wastewater from organic matter. It is more environmentally friendly and sustainable. The purpose of this work is to perform a set of analyses of incoming raw sewage treatment and obtain technological parameters of the process of reagent treatment to reduce pollution before the use of biofiltration. The research was carried out by laboratory tests, the direction of which was to determine: the optimal types of reagents, points and sequence of their dosing, correlation of sedimentation/removal of compounds of pollutants depending on the change in doses of reagents, the effectiveness of using different coagulants and flocculants, the optimal combination of reagents. As a result of the laboratory tests conducted, the study of pretreatment issues before the main stage of treatment on biofilters was carried out, the initial data obtained by sampling from the industrial site were analyzed, and a feasibility study of the choice of biofiltration technology was given.

The article focuses on the perception of Yakut literary texts by students – representatives of different nations and countries. The authors have chosen three classical works of famous Yakut writers as subjects of the research - V.S. Yakovlev-Dalan “Glukhoi Viluy / Tulaaiakh ogho” (‘The Remote Viluy River”), a drama of A.I. Sofronov-Alampa «Taptal» («Любовь»)”Love” and a story of N.G. Zolotarev (Nikolay Yakutskiy) «Kemusteekh yuryuie» («Золотой ручей») ”Golden Stream”. It is stated that acquaintance with other cultures through literary works can be one of the most effective ways of intercultural communication as it helps better understanding of cultural diversities. Such cultural conflicts as murder (killing a kin), women’s rights and the loss of historical lands of the local people with the coming of the representatives of other cultures are described and analyzed. The research predictably revealed the differences in the perception of the respondents as their answers have been discussable and variable, especially among the representatives of the eastern and the western worlds though their attitude in common are the same for all human beings. Those concepts which were culturally arguable provoked serious thought process. As a result of the research it can be stated that cross-cultural conflicts can have not only a destructive function but also a constructive one as well.

Various methods of operation of complex transport systems imply knowledge of mathematical models of their components. To obtain adequate models of such components, it is necessary to take into account the physical and chemical processes occurring in them. Previously, the authors developed a potential-flow method within the framework of modern nonequilibrium thermodynamics – a unified approach to the analysis and modeling of processes of various physical and chemical nature. In accordance with this approach, as well as with the methods of mechanics, the theory of electric and magnetic circuits, electrodynamics, etc., state functions for the properties of substances and the processes under consideration are set up to the experimentally studied constant coefficients. The system of equations of the considered processes dynamics is obtained from the given state functions. The desired model (digital portrait) of the considered component is constructed by numerical-analytical transformation of the dynamic equations system based on the use of experimental data. The need to automate the proposed method of obtaining digital portraits is due to its complexity and the need to process a large amount of data. An information and computing system is proposed, which implies the construction of a block diagram of the processes in the component under consideration (model-oriented approach). Modeling these processes using a block diagram at different values of unknown parameters allows us to approximate the model (digital portrait) a component based on the resulting set of output characteristic dynamics using machine learning libraries. Process modeling and further approximation of the model is parallelized. This paper is devoted to a distributed information-computing system that implements the creation of various complex systems digital portraits.

For the problem of routing tool movements between processing zones, in a formulation close to the traveling salesman problem, a method for calculating the minimum route, as a rule, leading to an optimum on tests with dimensions of up to 150 zones, is proposed and tested.

The present article describes an approach for assessment of efficacy of independent work of students, studying natural sciences, using the digital technologies. Tasks were fulfilled in the Moodle electronic medium and consisted of answering the questions of the closed-type questionnaire, as well as writing answers to the questions of the Tests. We assessed time required for a student to write the answer to one question, number and correctness of the terms used and the level of plagiarism. These parameters were considered to be the effective markers to assess the level of student's knowledge during the standard test fulfillment. Key words: computer-based testing, independent work efficacy, test, terms, plagiarism level.

The dynamics of cognitive functions of students of faculties of natural sciences has been analyzed during verbal task solving. EEG and time required for solving of model learning tasks have been registered. Solving of learning tasks was divided into three stages. The first stage was connected with the task reading and preparation for the answer, and was followed by activation of the long-term memory. At the second and third stages, which were connected with formulation of the answer and text writing, the key role belonged to the working memory.