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Freud claimed that objects are means of satisfying drives (Freud, 1916), a view that was strengthened by object-relation theories, which claims that drives are primarily object-seeking (Fairbairn, 1946). In a recently published paper, I have suggested modifying this assumption. I argue that while drives are consciously directed at objects, they are unconsciously directed solely at characteristics (Saad, 2022). In this paper, I examine the distinction between directing drives at characteristics and directing drives at objects. I then use this distinction to make a distinction between transference relations and real relations. Finally, I show that the characteristic/object distinction might reveal intrapsychic conflicts in which the subject is consciously attracted to an object and unconsciously repulsed by its characteristics (or vice versa), and I examine how these conflicts can be analyzed within the psychoanalytic situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducing an inclusive pilot project as an example, this paper at hand discusses how establishing and implementing inclusive elements and practices in social spaces raises new issues about the importance of theoretical reflection. The pilot project »Kommune Inklusiv« aimed to open up opportunities for participation for people at risk of exclusion in five contrastive social spaces under a broad concept of inclusion. During the course of the project, scientific analyses showed that socio-theoretical perspectives on inclusion were neglected in favour of a process-optimising control logic performed in the project, which proved to have a tangible impact on the success of (sub-)projects. This article therefore advocates to strengthen socio-theoretical perspectives, which can be of critical importance in the successful implementation of inclusive practices and projects. In particular, theoretical aspect of crisis, which according to Oevermann is always inherent in pedagogical action, can contribute to understand inclusion as a (pedagogical) negotiation practice and manifest necessary reflective processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that the distinction between the dynamic and the descriptive unconscious is in danger of being lost and indicates some of the practical, clinical consequences of this loss. It does so against the background of Freud’s own struggles with his radical conception of the dynamic unconscious as ultimately unknown, as they appear in the revisions of The Interpretation of Dreams, invoking Laplanche’s recognition of Freud’s Copernican Revolution and the temptation he felt to make a Ptolemaic Return. It also comments on confusion about whether feelings can be said to be unconscious and the implications of this confusion for clinical practice, especially for our understanding of the concepts of transference and countertransference. An extended analysis of a dream is presented to show the dynamic unconscious in action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD) is accompanied by an expansion of legal rights for people with disabilities. The paradigm shift from integration to inclusion aims at structural changes and improvements of the living conditions of the target group, which should lead to more participation in social spheres. Using sociological approaches of analysis, this paper shows social inclusion and exclusion mechanisms from a socialization and differentiation theoretical perspective for people with disabilities against the background of the discourse event of the UN CRPD. The theoretical findings are critically reflected and discussed with reference to relevant secondary data in the functional areas of education, economy and housing. Conflicting goals of existing organizational units are revealed and critically addressed. The aim is to uncover and explore existing mechanisms and their origins that promote inclusion or exclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay we take up two related questions facing us in everyday, contemporary analytic practice: How can we grasp what we don’t know? How can something new come into being through the analytic encounter? We approach both questions from within the perspective offered us by Bion and those colleagues who have further developed his concepts and his insights. In his late writings Bion introduced the concept of O, subsequently viewing atone- ment with O as the goal of analytic work, and transformations from O (Being) to K (Knowing) the fundamental process of analysis and of the patient’s growth. In this theorizing he stressed an analytic stance centered on Negative Capability (the absence of memory, desire and coherence) fostering a coincidence of intuition and O. Despite the elegance of his theorizing Bion did not offer clinical examples of his own to ground the concepts of O and at-one-ment. In this paper we discuss the challenges for the analyst in attempting to practice without memory, desire or coherence, noting that this idealized model is more aspirational than fully realizable. We also discuss the dread shared by analyst and patient alike of intersecting with O due to the threats of de-differentiation, the shared sense of being lost, and the narcissistic deflation (loss of personal integrity) that can accompany it. To ground our discussion, we offer a detailed clinical example of at-one-ment with O, suggesting that at-one-ment with O can be thought of as a form of communion or shared holding and transforming of experience. Understood this way, at-one-ment is a deeply somato/psychic experience arising from the vertex of O and is distinguishable from the vertex of projective identification/container-contained processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One essential albeit often neglected aspect of dreams is that we dream in images. Freud repeatedly emphasized the hallucinatory quality of dream images: the dreamer does not see the images, but experiences them. Without the experiential character of the dream, there would be no wish fulfillment, because it is the appearance of the real that the wish needs. In this way, the hallucinatory dream image is the guardian of the wish. The body image is of extraordinary importance in dreams. Through such dream images, the analyst can gain insight into their patients’ unconscious representations of their body. If the patient manages to accept these rejected ideas as their own, the dream can become a transitional object for them. Crucial to this process are the sensations that have been incorporated into the body images and become incapacitated. What remains of these dormant sensations can be aroused through analytical work. Gradually, the autoerotic cathexis of the previously rejected body images becomes possible. This deepens the patient’s capacity to be alone. These reflections are elaborated in this paper with the help of various patients’ dreams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I will try to show how the chimera, as I understand it, is the result of an unsettling encounter between the traumatic traces of the two protagonists, culminating in a process of reverie, a process, indeed, of hallucinatory emergence, in which a creature emerges from the emotional embers of their traumatic clay. Although I take up Michel de M’Uzan’s notion of depersonalization, I would like to show how my understanding of a chimera filled with sensory qualities is different from his. Back in 2016, I spoke of the unconscious and clandestine agreement of the traumatic traces of both protagonists, from which I think it emerges. This conception seemed to me to reposition the question of the subjective and intersubjective effect of the two protagonists in the session, reaching into their deepest interior, since this »mythical creature«, to use de M’Uzan’s words, emerges from in between them during the analyst’s reverie, expanding into depersonalization. Not only does it arise from the dispositif that contains the emotional truth of the patient and of the analyst, but it also completes the attainment of O, that ultimate reality by which the analyst abolishes their ego by becoming one exclusively with the emotions of the patient. In the first section I will discuss in detail the metapsychology from which de M’Uzan recasts his conception of the chimera, followed by that of James Grotstein, who insists on the agency of projective identification, and finally I will address de M’Uzan’s challenge to the Kleinian approach through his conception of the »vital-identital«, which delineates a field of self-preservation infused with unheard-of energies. With the help of an example, I will try to show that when this creature emerges from the very deepest intimacy of each couple, it comes from the greatest distance and mixes the species based on what is most affective in the transitional characters of the infantile. I will follow a path that connects the Freudian memory traces of 1896 with Bion’s rejection of memory in the session in favor of O – that ultimate reality achieved through the experience of oneness or »at-one-ment« when the analyst, confronted with the patient’s emotional experience, draws on his or her own corresponding emotional resources. Evidence for this will be provided by a detailed example of a chimera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five years ago, the German «Scientific Advisory Board on Psychotherapy» (WBP) not only rejected Humanistic Psychotherapy as a «scientifically recognized procedure» in an expert opinion, but even withdrew the «recommendation for advanced training» from Person-centered Psychotherapy – an approach which had already been recognized by the WBP in 2002. After initial protests by many scientists and institutions against this evaluation, a standstill must be reported. The WBP evades discourses about this critique and the evaluation complained. This paper takes the 5-year anniversary as an opportunity to provide a report of the contexts and circumstances of this blockage of Humanistic Psychotherapy in Germany. This is because many are unfamiliar with this German administrative regulatory framework. The report focuses on publications after 2018. For it is becoming increasingly clear that the German ideology of strictly separated approaches, whose «scientificity» must be proven exclusively by experimental RCT studies with regard to specific factors, does not stand up to findings from international psychotherapy research. Increasingly, research supports a view which has prevailed especially by Wampold since 2001, according to which contextual factors in particular contribute significantly to the success of therapy. These are above all aspects that play a central role in Humanistic Psychotherapy. The article concludes with the hope that the WBP will register these discourses and come to a changed evaluation of Humanistic Psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on current results of the study »Flight Migration as Transition among Families with a Child with Disability«, this paper discusses disability as a practice in the context of flight migration and the complex interaction of discourse participation barriers. On the basis of two presented families with a history of flight migration and a child with disabilities, the effectiveness of disability for the transition of flight migration is worked out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the modes of contact and the developmental steps that came out of the high-frequency analysis of an isolated young patient and the corresponding counter-transference feeling of »closest distance«. With this concept, the paper examines the seemingly contradictory experience of both great closeness and vast distance in such a way that they can be viewed as complementary. The paper will examine this variable and emergent experience and will show how room for developing new relationship possibilities could develop out of the transference-countertransference experiences that take place in the communities and games available in the complex world of the internet. The question will be discussed as to how far the term hikikomori, coined in Japan for young people who have totally withdrawn from society, can be helpful in the treatment of secluded patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the testing of a novel format for participatory research to date. The research process is based exclusively on a digital implementation and this with a group of people, affected with diverse barriers in participation. This poses new challenges for all project participants, which are outlined in the following paper. The participatory process is located in the project plan for the establishment of a participation panel. Because still the everyday life and working world of persons, affected with diverse barriers in participation are too seldom in the focus of opinion, market, social and scientific research or are not even part of the consideration. For this purpose, a tool is needed that provides opinion institutes and scientific institutions with sufficient access to persons, affected with diverse barriers in participation who are willing to provide information about the reality of their lives in the long term. This project is now using digital and diverse participatory research to explore how such a panel could be designed and, at best, implemented. The elements of participatory research are the subject of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Sigmund Freud: The Discomfort in Culture Drawings" by Matthias Oppermann deals with the idea that psychoanalysts could capture unconscious reactions in the form of doodles on paper while listening to Freud's text "The Discomfort in Culture." These drawings could then be interpreted at a later time to gain insights into the unconscious. The author, Matthias Oppermann, is a psychoanalyst and visual artist who explores different types of lines. [Extracted from the article]

Interpretation of latent, unconscious fully formed meanings remains at the heart of the analytic understanding and application of the treatment of neurotic organizations. However, clinical experience with patients whose difficulties lie beyond neurosis have taught us that in addition to a represented, dynamic unconscious there is an unstructured unconscious that consists of force, turbulence, sensations, drive movements and cathexes that have not yet reached the level of representation. This paper explores the understanding and use of the analyst’s interventions in the light of this expanded sense of the unrepresented unconscious. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from a discourse on crisis and crisis management, some significant dimensions on the way from being a child to becoming an adult under corona conditions are examined.Among themare:Confidence building, socialisation, structure formation, closeness-distance regulation, communication, identity development and crisismanagement.Abrief look is also taken at psychotherapy in times of pandemic. Since there are neither»the children«nor»the adolescents«, only some preliminary spotlights can be directed at these groups in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the experience of a peer chat service for young people that was launched in 2019 in Italian-speaking Switzerland and is still ongoing. It is a type of counselling where young people help other young people during a specific time. The peer chats are avatar-based, so this type of counselling is confidential, digital and written. In this preliminary evaluation, we wanted to take into account both the experiences of those who have used this service and the characteristics of the peer chats. The results show that satisfaction with the service and certain dimensions of life skills assessment such as self-knowledge, problem solving, empathy and many others were good. The conclusions explore both the limitations and the possibilities of this new way of providing digital support to young people by young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the issue of finding the right distance to the patient in psychoanalytic work with children on the autistic spectrum. It is suggested that, like borderline patients, these children are caught between the fear of being pushed off the caregiver into space, on the one hand, and of being engulfed, on the other. This »claustrophobic-agoraphobic dilemma« (Rey) is considered with regard to factors in the caregiver; to the child’s phantasies concerning the caregiver’s internal figures; and to consequences of autistic children’s heightened sensitivity to the state of mind of other people. The paternal function as the mediator of distance between mother and child is discussed in relation to the »bisexuality of the container« (Houzel) and the clinician’s mental positioning as a parental couple, along with implications for the phrasing of comments. A vignette illustrates the importance of the clinician’s individual identity and private associations in allowing the child to feel seen without being engulfed, and to show capacities that may otherwise be kept hidden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution argues that Bouvet’s (1958) paper formulates a dilemma for psychoanalytic technique – what to do if the frame within which the analyst is working appears to require departure from core technique? Bouvet’s concern was that too much intuitive adaptation might promote, in effect, ›anything goes‹. He proposed his concept of distance, anchored in his original and important understanding of the formation of object relations, as a heuristic to test adaptations to situations in which patients are severely unable to separate the objects of their projection from the objects themselves. For me the dilemma is well stated, but I argue that its understanding and solution depends above all on clarity about what is supposed to constitute core technique and what a departure from it. The fragmentation of technique and loss of common understanding in today’s psychoanalytic world makes that difficult. Therefore, I approach my evaluation of Bouvet’s thinking by introducing ideas about the core suppositions every psychoanalyst must make, whether implicitly or explicitly, when he is working: suppositions about unconscious inference, unconscious repetition, the analytic situation and how to further the analytic process. I argue that the suppositions are rather different in what I sketch as the ›insight‹, ›here and now‹ and ›associative‹ approaches to psychoanalysis that characterise the modern scene. Practice that I have observed through the European comparative clinical methods project over 20 years, suggests that, under the intense emotional pressure of the clinical situation, adaptations have taken place in all three approaches so that many of the core suppositions that Freud gave us have been more or less inadvertently left behind. Bouvet proposed his concept of optimal distance as a heuristic check to allow the analyst to ask if he is stepping out of being an analyst. That check remains valuable. But how it is made depends on which of the three approaches the analyst supposes he is using and the suppositions made within them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay is the first of two parts of my response to the Editors’ invitation to write a paper on ›distance‹ (to be defined however I wished) for this special issue of the Jahrbuch der Psychoanalyse. Inspired by an essay by Buber (1950) that I read long ago, I describe in psychoanalytic terms the role of separateness (distance) in the perception and appreciation of otherness. I find particular relevance in Schachtel’s (1959) work on ›embeddedness‹ and emergence from it, and then in the interpersonal/relational theory of dissociation and enactment. The essay ends with a long clinical illustration, which appears in a later issue of this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the transformation and finitude of bodies in the lifelong aging process and the social conditions that predispose them focussing on close relationships in a pandemic context. The material was generated during virtually conducted group discussions with people between the ages of 60 and 80. The virtual space formed both a boundary and a space of possibility to (re)read bodies retrospectively. The narrated »body biographies« represent negotiations of the subject in the context of the pandemic situatedness and agency. Participants reflected on the ambivalence of the restrictions imposed by regulations and lockdowns, the construction as a risk group, and the resulting perception of corporeality. The data points to the lack of physical closeness relationships and the possibilities of closeness in virtual spaces. The reflexive, intra-biographical encounters oscillate between self-assurance and transformative processes of self-formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the aspects of diversity in the context of school and education and therefore a facet of inclusion is migration-related multilingualism. That is the reason why the professionalization of well-qualified teachers in the field of teaching multilingual learners is more important than ever. This article shows if and how satisfied the participating teachers are with the course program. It also indicates how far the competencies and beliefs regarding multilingual learners in the professional development program »German as a foreign and second language and multilingualism« develop throughout the program. A survey on satisfaction has been conducted. Data concerning competencies have been collected with a paper and pencil test, beliefs with a questionnaire. The article provides content-related and conceptual insights for different learning settings and their evaluation and therefore serves the demand for innovative and effective course concepts. Hence, it offers new ideas and impulses for (further) development of learning opportunities for professional development and also teacher training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pedagogical practice is always an ambivalent and complex process, which is affected by various external conditions. The paper at hand will show what effects the COVID-19 pandemic had on living conditions of residents of closed residential facilities of the so-called disability system and the pedagogical practice within – even after the pandemic. The reference point is the study »Institutionalized living conditions in times of Corona«, in which 15 interviews with employees from different residential areas were conducted via topic interviews and evaluated using the methods of qualitative content analysis. The presentation of the results will show that the pandemic affirmed structural problems within these institutions, but at the same time disrupted existing routines. Finally, it will be discussed to what extent the pandemic can also – at least theoretically – be seen as an opportunity for inclusion and the (re)focusing on pedagogical practice within the institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I describe my development as a psychoanalyst and as an expert in the treatment of traumatized patients. Some critical remarks about indiff erence to social issues and social injustice, as well as the need as a psychotherapist to consider historical realities, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Karl Bühler's work in the field of color perception plays only a minor role in the reception of his work today. This paper discusses reasons for this situation. On the basis of the lively controversy between Bühler and Bühler's collaborators on the one hand and David Katz on the other hand, the weaknesses of his theory of color constancy and its important impulses for modern perceptual psychology will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I reconstruct the continuities and differences between Karl Bühler's pre-cybernetic model of non-verbal interaction - as sketched in his Krise der Psychologie (1927) and his Ausdruckstheorie (1933) - and present-day debates on the expression of emotion and affect. I offer the thesis that today, almost 100 years later, the field of psychology is still caught up in very similar quandaries. This is shown by comparing Bühler's work to the theories and models of a present-day ethologist (Frans de Waal), a neuroscientist and psychologist (Lisa Feldman Barrett), and a culturalist developmental psychologist (Michael Tomasello). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a reading of Bühler's Sprachtheorie froma linguistic point of view. Attention is paid to some yet actual and not fully exploited topics: a) the critic of the segmental phonological model; b) the physiognomical model, the Gestalt point of view in the representation of the sound shape of language and a new view on pertinence; c) the theory of two fields and the cooperation between the symbolic field and the deictic one; d) the critic of the principle of the »poverty of the stimulus«; e) the role of the listener; f) the notion of »language game«. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the interdisciplinary team of authors analyzes a series of autoethnographic trialogues addressing feminist pedagogy, respectively teaching within and beyond gender studies environments. The authors find common ground in their search for a feminist stance in teaching and educational practices which may work with or without making the concept of feminism(s) explicit. The conversations evolved against the backdrop of the diverse disciplinary backgrounds of the authors and the universal experience by the authors that the mere mention of the word feminism(s) (the F-Word) evokes resistance among different actors (students, funders, etc.) in the field of education. We contextualize our experiences within the framework of»rhetoricalmodernization«(Wetterer 2003) and the»newgender contract« (McRobbie 2010) which both denote a re-traditionalization of gender discourses. Keeping in mind these contemporary developments we discuss if feminist teaching and research is necessary, and if it might be a legitimate strategy to avoid the F-Word and act more subversively. It is not our goal in this paper to present feminist research and teaching as a canon or part of a canon; instead we have developed an awareness in our trialogues that science is historically constructed along axes of inequality. Because of this fact it is particularly important to intervene in this ongoing social production.With and without the F- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Operationalizing»disability«presents researcherswith a number of challenges: criteriamust be defined, the relevance of legal institutions must be reflected, and the questions posed to survey participants must ultimately be answerable, especially when surveys address people with various disabilities. This paper begins with an analysis of the strategies currently adopted by researchers and then focuses in particular on an approach which is oriented to the lifeworld of survey participants. To this end, young people with disabilities were invited to take part in focus groups and individual interviews in which they were able to discuss and evaluate various dimensions of »disability«: these included disabled person's ID cards, selfperception, physical functions and impairments, classifications based on medical-diagnostic terminology, the use of assistive devices and personal experiences of barriers. The ensuing discussion explores the young interviewees' reactions to these dimensions, their preferences, the relative ease of answering questions targeting the various dimensions, andways of drawing connections between the dimensions in order to develop an empirically differentiatedmodel of disability. The paper concludes by indicating promising combinations of dimensions in the operationalization of disability and by arguing that much insight stands to be gained when researchers adopt a multidimensional approach to »disability«. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the vagueness of the term of inclusion, the present paper aims to introduce a concept of inclusion, which regards inclusion as a process of deconstructing barriers of participation that prevent subjects from participating in discourse. It is argued that inclusion and disability must be considered as two interrelated practices, which can only be consistently understood and finally used in research and practice if viewed in their interrelationship. If inclusion is regarded as a process of deconstructing barriers that prevent subjects from participating in discourse, the concept has therefore to be contrasted with an understanding of disability that refers to disability as a practice respectively as the subject being excluded from discourse. This paper focuses on providing both a theoretical as well as an empirical analysis of both concepts, highlighting their mutual interdependency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses ways to present results from qualitative research studies in exhibitions to disseminate science for the (non-professional) public. After introductory comments on performative social science some examples of exhibitions follow. The focus is on the use of interview data and its transformation as quotation collections, video collages and other presentation modes. Subsequently, research ethical considerations as well as the question of quality criteria are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Defining desire generally remains quite a cumbersome task due to the multiplicity and versatility of its conceptual nuances. Although queer theory has debunked many of the fundamental assumptions underlying continuities between categories such as sex, gender, sexual practice and desire as discursive-linguistic constructs, material dimensions concerning desire have yet to be adequately investigated. This paper portrays an autoethnographic journey through landscapes of desire and links personal experience to several approaches that the authors came across in the course of their research. Incorporating creative strategies of knowledge production into a queer-feminist reading of new materialisms can widen perceptions of desire and offer valuable insights into how and where desire might occur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attitudes toward gender politics in the field of men’s initiatives and men’s groups in Austria have different and sometimes conflicting focal points. There are approaches that represent a gender democratic mission, which are mostly found in institutionalized men’s initiatives, but there is also the men’s and father’s rights movement, focussing on men primarily as ›victims of feminism‹. Finally some men’s initiation groups are active as well, working with an mythopetic and individualized framework. There has been a lack of scientific research and knowledge in Austria especially concerning the men’s and father’s rights movement. In 2014 an expert paper was published, which concentrated on gender equality positionings of men’s initiatives and men’s groups in Austria. In reference to the model of Messner (2000) it took a critical view on the practice in these fields, analysed different anti feminist arguments and made fact checks about topics, which were raised by anti feminists. In reference to the expert paper this article follows the question in which ways profeminist approaches of men’s initiatives differ from those who represent an anti feminist approach. It also discusses important conditions for equality-oriented dialogues and alliances in the field of gender work, which focuses on the increase of gender equality, stands against constricting positions and allows a gender balanced work with men. Models of good practice are outlined, that represent such gender democratic approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The book "Approaching a New Enlightenment: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Democracy, Participation, and Inclusion" is a commemorative publication for the farewell of Prof. Dr. Willehad Lanwers from the Evangelische Hochschule Darmstadt. It deals with societal phenomena and individual life situations in relation to inclusion and exclusion. The contributions address topics such as educational processes, inclusion as a state goal, psychology, social and economic integration in Europe, art as a medium of encounter, and digital participation. The articles are theoretically demanding and primarily aimed at a specialized audience. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents the structure and first relevant findings of a qualitative study on the professional habitus of teachers in adult education. The starting point for this study is the process of change concerning the implementation of inclusive adult education promoted by the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Therefore, the study focuses on the role the professional habitus has in this process of change. Inclusive adult education is understood as the teaching of disabled and non-disabled students without discrimination and on an equal basis, in this case referring to Literacy and Second Chance Education. The research methodology is the grounded theory approach. The aim is to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms associated with the professional habitus, in relation to the process of change in adult education. The study is located in the research project »Inklusive Bildung in der Alphabetisierungspraxis und im System des Zweiten Bildungswegs - Qualifikationen, Kompetenzen und Bedarfe des pädagogischen Personals« (INAZ) as a PhD project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of inclusive schooling (UN-BRK 2008) poses major challenges for schools and teachers. Through their studies teachers often feel unprepared for working in inclusive schools and express a need for further training (Werning 2017). This need, however, is often not matched by suitable training possibilities (Richter, Kuhl, and Pant 2012). The teacher training series »Everybody is Unique« (Jede[r] ist besonders - JIB), developed by the German School Academy (Deutsche Schulakademie - DSA) intends to contribute to the professionalization of principals and teachers and to disseminate good inclusive practice. The accompanying scientific evaluation of JIB aims to provide evidence on the effectiveness of JIB by triangulating various methodological approaches. In this paper, we present first findings on the school development goals JIB participants reported for their schools. Moreover, we discuss these school development goals as means of developmental processes in the context of changing schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research about teaching competencies in the context of inclusion focuses so far attitudes and does not take adequate account of professional knowledge. This paper investigates what kind of knowledge is relevant from the view of teachers in practice to handle inclusion in schools. Interviews of 53 teachers of different types of school were analysed qualitatively with a literature based category system. First, the perspective of all interviewed teachers is presented. It follows an analysis, which regards the type of school and the level of school development. Our results show that teachers use the categories, which are abstracted from the research literature. These categories need to be supplemented by inductive categories. There is a difference between the types of school, and a relation between school context and professional development of individual teachers. This could be discussed as a specific indication for teacher trainings, which aim to foster inclusive competencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological literacy in pre-tertiary and higher psychology education In British and USA higher education psychological literacy has become a key concept for the teaching and learning of psychology. Psychological literacy is also a laudable goal of pretertiary psychology education, as it could enable a subject specific contribution to liberal arts education. Nevertheless, McGovern et al.'s definition is not subject specific enough to focus introductory courses on psychology in upper high school and degree study. This paper shows, how Sternberg's triarchic model of psychology learning and teaching could be used to elaborate a more subject specific understanding of psychological literacy which interlinks psychological knowledge, psychological thinking skills and reflective psychological attitudes necessary to make critical use of common sense psychology. If psychological thinking and reflective psychological attitudes were more efficiently conveyed in introductory psychology classes, the teaching content should not uncritically mirror the disciplinary structure of the field and its unquestioned topical approach, indeed, teaching subjects should be more carefully reflected and selected to meet this general goal of psychology education. Similarily, our subject specific understanding of psychological literacy refers to the aspects of liberal education, which should not be neglected in the professional psychological training of both psychologists and non-psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with this question: which techniques and interpretation patterns construct »good parents« through housework examples in psychiatric report within infanticide files. Parenthood is conceptualized as a caring relationship. Starting from a discourse-analytical framework, expanded by aspects of knowledge sociology, the paper focuses specifically on one infanticide case. This case of a mother who was accused of infanticide twice is interesting for the normative negotiation of good parenting because she lived in an alternative family form: What gender-related and personal responsibility strategies emerge in the patterns of interpretation? And which techniques are used to qualify men and women as good parents in the psychiatric report? The paper shows that the reports are not neutral factual matters. Rather, they show that parental facts, in a way, are brought forth. Furthermore, the results indicate that psychiatric experts in the criminal field can be understood as constructors of good parenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at connecting the Berlin school of Critical psychology with queer-feminist theories by focusing on the concept of the analysis of conditions-meanings-justifications (Bedingungs-Bedeutungs-Begründungsanalyse, BBBA). To this end, we will firstly exemplify basic aspects of the BBBA-concept, which forms an important analytical tool of Critical psychology. Secondly, we will present possible connecting lines to queer-feminist approaches. In so doing, we will argue that the concept of conditions offers links to feminist theories of New Materialism and critical economy. The concept of meaning contains parallels to the Foucauldian concept of discourse, which is central to many queer-feminist approaches. In turn, justification-analysis provides an opportunity to understand why subjects who live in similar material conditions and social constellations of meaning behave differently. The example of single mothers serves to illustrate the facets of the BBBA-concept and the conditions- meanings-justifications-analysis. In this way, we want to emphasize the potential of Critical psychology for queer feminist approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teachers play a significant role for their students' educational careers. Besides analysis of conditions of learning and learning processes, the field of pedagogical diagnostics implies the allocation of students to groups of learners or to special support programs (Ingenkamp& Lissmann, 2008). Consequently, pedagogical diagnostics are crucial for the students' selfconcept, their prospective educational opportunities and thus also for their career and life opportunities. Therefore, the fact that students' knowledge concerning their abilities and needs are hardly used in the process of diagnostics needs to be changed. This paper deals with the question how students themselves can recognise and make clear what they are able to do and what they need in order to become what they want to become and not be restricted by others' attributions of (non-)ability. The presented approach of emancipatory and dialogic diagnostics enables all students to actively design their educational processes. Moreover, it helps to make existing barriers, social norms and normative notions of reality as well as efficacious discourses and power structures visible in order to contribute to their reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Up to now research and professional practice do not have any consistent theoretical concept of parenthood. Therefore they can only fall back on unquestioned ideas which they try to systemize and amend with theoretical fragments. Instead of improving a theoretical perspective they unwillingly fuel the normative discourse on parenthood. This paper now lines out a theoretical approach to parenthood, based on the process theory by Norbert Elias. Parenthood is not only understood as a psycho-social process of individuals but at the same time as a long-term psycho-social process of societies, in which individuals are socio-historically embedded via their networks. Through this indispensable core-process of parenthood societies ensure generativity and mold standards, ideals and habitus of parenthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decades, there has been an increase in highly educated adults putting off the processes involved in starting a family to a later point in their biography. Family and parenting models have also become increasingly diverse as a result of laws on gender equality as well as a greater number of women participating in the labour market. However, the birth of a first child within a relationship that has up to that point been egalitarian often results in a return to a more traditional division of labour between men and women. In this paper, decision-making processes involved in starting a family while studying are investigated on the basis of guided interviews with 16 female students who already have a child. Additionally, the parenting arrangements of partners in the early years of their child's life are analyzed with regard to the question as to what influence gender-egalitarian ideals and traditional gender roles have on this group of highly educated parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before living with children, people usually live without them. But already during this period of time, the desire for a child can play a significant role in the lives of both women and men. This paper refers to narratives from heterosexual people who wish for a child and are using treatments of reproduction medicine. Through interpretative text analysis of qualitative data, it points out which meaning the desire for a child has in their lives, which strains they have to cope with on their way to founding a family, and which expectations they have about family life and their parental roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Normative) constructions of parenthood and parents' tasks in settings of natality Children and adults are intrinsically tied to each other due to children's need of assistance and care. This relational order is deemed as natural order between children and parents. The associated tasks are interpreted as natural elements of parenthood. The relativeness of the idea of »growing up well« and of attributed responsibilities for the needs and tasks associated with it are often disregarded in their historical and cultural dimensions. The concept of parenthood is a social construction as well. Based on ethnographic observations in settings of natality, this article tries to demonstrate that the relation between parenthood and child- hood is even antenataly constructed. Taking the described scenario into account the article asks, from a praxeological point of view, how certain concepts of childhood demand specialmother-, father- and parenthood practices fromparents to be. At the same time the paper focuses on appearing gender differences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we use the first ten minutes of an audiorecorded 28th psychoanalytic session in order to detect and describe a new therapeutic procedure which we call «Dancing Insight". The session is transcribed according to the standards of conversation analysis and is analyzed at three levels: first, a clinical analysis which leads to the interpretation that the analyst at two opportunities actively turns the table - speaking as if she were the patient. The clinical view can bring this observation in relationship to the concept of «model scenes" and «completing the scene" and some further findings from infant research. Second, the conversation analytic approach observes how the therapist does this maneuver and how the patient responds to it. A further analysis is directed to the «slots" where such a maneuver can be conducted with a natural flair and without any irony. Third, we complement the picture by an acoustic analysis of some prosodic features using PRAAT-software which shows some interesting patterns. At the beginning the patient speaks with a flat intonation, a prosodic property which we relate to affect isolation and its consequence, the lack of assertive commitment. The therapist manages to drag the patient out of this stance by assuming her role and she does this not only by the meaning of words, but also with prosodic means: She pronounces her turns at a «high plateau", the basic meaning of which we tentatively describe as «projection of the assertion to the partner". This is the procedure we call «dancing insight": The conversational move which leads to a change of metaphorical concepts and to a change of positioning is achieved by a prosodic technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tries to demonstrate the changing facets of age-constructions and -identities in verbal interactions, and seeks to trace the (re-)productions of age as a culturally anchored conceptual category with fuzzy edges. The variability and flexibility of the concept of age will first be explained with the help of a semantic analysis of the lexemes' antonymy. Addressing age-related compliments, the second part expands on this by analyzing the different roles images of ageing play in interactive verbal routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the increase in average life expectancy of persons with lifelong disabilities is a universally recognized and well-established fact, little academic attention has been given to the associated challenges and opportunities. Even the respective gerontological debates tend to give little to no attention to the crucial issues revolving the ageing of persons with disabilities. Insights into the subjective logic of action -- and the influencing logic that creates disabled person's notion of age and ageing, as well as the awareness of life circumstances -- are the key to enabling self-determined ageing. The present paper uses this background to provide an insight into disabled person's process of ageing. The overall aim is to make an invisible target group and its interests visible that so far have been neglected in gerontological debates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study »Psychotherapy in older age« (PSYTIA) we examine barriers and opportunities for access to psychotherapy of elderly people with depression. In the present paper we explore the relevance of images of aging of physicians, psychotherapists and elderly people for the access to psychotherapy. We first give an overview on the study PSYTIA. In the following we describe the state of research on images of aging of general practitioners, psychotherapists and elderly people. We stress on the importance to consider images of aging in their relatedness with facts and ideas of socio-economic inequality, gender issues and also health, illness and psychotherapy to gain a comprehensive understanding of the meaning of images of aging for the access to psychotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]