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The article deals with the differential cost regulation according to § 106 para. 2a sentence 1 SGB V and an arbitration decision of the Federal Arbitration Board, which was challenged by the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians. The appeal of the clinic is unsuccessful, as the arbitration decision is lawful and the clinic's rights are not violated. It is discussed whether billing without a prescription from a contracted physician is permissible if the patient autonomously rejects inpatient treatment. It is determined that such a regulation violates the law and no separate remuneration is provided for an admission examination. [Extracted from the article]

The article "Prescription of Cannabis Flowers" discusses the requirements for the prescription of cannabis for medical purposes according to the Social Code Book V. It is argued that a justified assessment by the treating physician is necessary to obtain approval. The Federal Social Court has ruled that the coding of a decubitus ulcer must be done as a pressure sore. The court's decision emphasizes the need for a strict interpretation of billing regulations. [Extracted from the article]

The article deals with the delivery of contrast agents as office supplies by a pharmaceutical wholesaler. The wholesaler is entitled to compensation for the delivered contrast agents, which were delivered directly to contract doctor's practices. Framework agreements with other suppliers do not exclude the wholesaler's entitlement to compensation. The Federal Social Court has ruled that the wholesaler is entitled to compensation. The supplier's invoice must be submitted with the medical prescription and the costs must be itemized. The examination of cost-effectiveness is carried out by the Joint Examination Facility. It is determined that wholesalers have a direct entitlement to compensation from health insurance companies when they deliver contrast agents directly to contract doctor's practices. The office supply agreements in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland contain corresponding provisions. The Federal Social Court has ruled that pharmaceutical wholesalers are to be considered as other service providers within the meaning of § 69 (1) sentence 1 SGB V. The delivery of contrast agents to contract doctor's practices as office supplies by wholesalers is part of medical care and is subject to the billing regulations of health insurance companies. The interpretation of the office supply agreements does not establish a separate entitlement to compensation for wholesalers from health insurance companies. The framework agreements concluded by the health insurance company with other suppliers do not exclude the wholesaler's entitlement to compensation. The article also deals with the suspensive effect of an objection against a recovery notice in connection with target value regressions for contract doctors. An objection has a suspensive effect and the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians can issue a recovery notice to recover regression amounts. The regulation in § 52 (2) sentence 2 BMV-Ä is not applicable in this case. The recovery notice has a suspensive effect according to § 86a (1) sentence 1 SGG. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Real world evidence (RWE) is becoming increasingly important in the evaluation of medical interventions and complements findings fromcontrolled clinical trials. At the same time, the RWE approach faces considerable methodological and ethical challenges. Herbal medicinal products have their place in therapy by health professionals and in self-medication for minor complaints, as well as symptoms that have a lasting impact on quality of life. However, the currently required key studies for drug approval do not adequately reflect the consequences of a medical prescription and/or self-medication. Therefore, the usability of RWE for research in the field of phytopharmaceuticals as well as methodological basics for the establishment of a phytoregistry was discussed in a workshop. Methods: The workshop consisted of two parts: impulse presentations on the topics of RWE and phytotherapy and the development of the basis of a position paper using the methodology of the nominal group technique. Results: The impulse presentations included interdisciplinary arguments fromthe fields of research and practice of phytotherapy, register creation, health services research, artificial intelligence and telemedicine. In the nominal group process, the chances and risks of phytotherapy, as well as content-related, methodological and practical aspects of a phytoregistry were discussed (focus, added value and methodological standards of the registry, financing, expected criticism, methods of analysis and significance in comparison to other medical fields). Conclusions: Registries are an increasingly accepted way to generate evidence in addition to clinical trials. The establishment of a registry for phytopharmaceuticals with clearly defined methodological criteria and the recording of patient-centered endpoints offers the opportunity to expand the scientific basis of the use and clinical benefit of phytopharmaceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The e-prescription was introduced in Austria in 2022 and digitizes the prescription process in the healthcare system. The introduction of the e-prescription poses special challenges and risks, which are examined in the article from various perspectives. The e-prescription replaces the previous paper prescription and is intended to increase efficiency and improve data quality. The prescription process is carried out electronically from the prescription to the billing, with the relevant information being stored in the administrative system. The e-prescription can be redeemed using an e-card or QR code, and reimbursement is done exclusively electronically. The e-prescription enables the electronic prescribing of medications in Austria. The pharmacy electronically records the data and forwards it to the social insurance companies on a daily basis. However, there are certain areas where the e-prescription cannot be used, such as for long-term anesthetics. The system currently only applies to medications reimbursed by the social insurance companies. Data protection plays an important role in the digitization of the healthcare system, and appropriate technical and organizational measures must be taken to ensure an adequate level of protection. A risk analysis shows that the electronic prescription (e-prescription) provides effective security measures against dangers such as unauthorized access or forgery. As part of the Health Telematics Act, a closed network has been established to ensure the confidentiality and integrity of personal data. The e-prescription is considered more forgery-proof than the traditional paper prescription and can only be redeemed once. To prevent abuse, information about the patient and the issuer must be included, and the prescription must be electronically signed. Although there were initially difficulties, around 1.2 million e-prescriptions have already been issued and the system is largely implemented. The e-prescription is an important step towards digital health management, but further modernizations are still required. The Vienna Medical Chamber provides information on the topic of e-prescriptions on its website. There is also an FAQ document that answers questions about the e-prescription. There is excitement about the new e-prescription, as reported on orf.at. The electronic health record ELGA also provides information on digitization in healthcare. [Extracted from the article]

In 2020, prescription-based digital interventions were introduced in Germany. These digital courses have to meet safety and data privacy requirements and must prove positive effects on symptoms and/or other outcome parameters. Interventions are available for a range of mental disorders. For patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia, several applications based on cognitive behavioral therapy have been developed. Within these digital courses, patients can typically access psychoeducational content and practice psychotherapeutic strategies such as exposure therapy. Recent meta-analyses prove the effectiveness of such interventions when compared with waitlist control conditions. According to current German guidelines, digital courses can be used to prepare psychotherapy and as an accompanying tool during psychotherapy. In Germany, physicians and psychotherapist can prescribe digital interventions for outpatients and as a post-hospital treatment.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Joint Federal Committee (G-BA) has established exceptions for the approval of medical cannabis in prescription. Doctors with certain specialist and focus designations no longer need approval from health insurance companies to prescribe cannabis. A total of 16 specialist and focus designations as well as 5 additional designations have been listed. If there are uncertainties, doctors can still apply for approval from health insurance companies. This regulation is intended to reduce bureaucratic effort without compromising patient safety. The GesR report deals with various medical specialists and additional designations in the field of medicine. It is explained that approval from health insurance companies can be requested for the prescription of medical cannabis to avoid financial reimbursements. The decision comes into effect if the Federal Ministry of Health does not object to it within two months. Furthermore, the "Healthy Heart Act" is discussed, which aims to reduce the number of cardiovascular diseases. However, the chairman of the G-BA expresses concerns regarding the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the proposed measures. [Extracted from the article]

The article deals with a legal dispute between a business association and a pharmacist before the Berlin Regional Court. The association accuses the pharmacist of violating competition law norms by selling pre-filled syringes with the drug Bevacizumab/Avastin® without a medical prescription. The association demands a ban on this practice and further measures. The Regional Court has declared the ordinary courts as an admissible legal recourse, and the Higher Regional Court has dismissed the pharmacist's appeal. The text discusses various legal issues related to contracts according to § 140a SGB V and possible violations of market behavior regulations. It emphasizes the desirability of legal clarity and advises consultants to inform about possible consequences. [Extracted from the article]

The blank prescription regulation in physiotherapy will come into effect on November 1, 2024, allowing for a more flexible therapy design. Approximately 8.5 billion euros are spent annually on physiotherapeutic services, with up to 2 million blank prescriptions possible per year. A survey by the opinion research institute Civey on behalf of the pharmaceutical associations BPI and vfa shows a great willingness of the population to participate in clinical studies, with better information about ongoing studies being crucial. It is recommended to create a comprehensive online registry linked to doctor and hospital information systems to facilitate participation in studies. [Extracted from the article]

The study examines the prescription of L-Thyroxine in three US university hospitals. Out of the 977 participants, 307 prescriptions (31.4%) were classified as appropriate, 12.0% as uncertain, and 54.1% as not evidence-based. The study shows that more than half of the examined prescriptions for L-Thyroxine were inappropriate. In Germany, L-Thyroxine is prescribed annually with a value of 1.8089 billion euros. It is recommended to carefully consider and take into account various factors when prescribing L-Thyroxine. A gradual reduction of the L-Thyroxine dosage should be considered. [Extracted from the article]

In the last ten years, a national IT infrastructure with an electronic health record (ELGA) has been established in Austria. In 2016, e-medication was successfully put into operation as an ELGA service. This paper summarizes the most important steps in the development of the project and presents essential results and lessons learned. The main challenges were the overlapping planning, testing, usability of the software products, and the coordination of the rollout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the German E-Health-Law it will be mandatory to hand out a national medication plan (BMP) in printed form to all patients that have a prescription of three or more drugs to take at the same time starting 1st April, 2017. Part of this printout is a datamatrix code that encodes all medication information using the XML-based UKF (German: Ultrakurzformat) in order to include a means for a standardized electronic transfer of the data. Generated by the general practitioner, the medication plan also needs to be updated through medical specialists, clinical doctors or pharmacists. This paper documents, based on usage scenarios for the BMP, the long way from theory to practical use and points to organizational and technical hurdles that need to be overcome as part of the digitalization. Along with the implications for the process dimension, a technical infrastructure is introduced and different challenges in working with the UKF are identified and discussed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article reports that the pharmacy law mail order license according to several dollars a ApoG does not require the involvement of cooperation partners for the collection of medical prescriptions and considered that nor is the setting up of a collection box only permitted in commercial establishments.

The article reports on positive developments regarding HIV and antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections. The global HIV situation has improved, and the WHO goals for the year 2020 have almost been achieved. In terms of respiratory infections, there is a historic low in antibiotic prescriptions, which could be attributed to various factors such as contact restrictions and the possibility of obtaining sick leave over the phone. The article emphasizes the importance of seeking positive developments and resources, even if they are only small steps. Fewer antibiotics mean lower costs, fewer side effects, and less resistance. [Extracted from the article]

Using the practice of Swiss general practitioner Cäsar Adolf Bloesch in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland, as an example, the article discusses the use of medical certificates by patients in dealing with the Swiss social services administration in the first half of the 19th century. The author examines the documentation of disabilities, injuries, and other health conditions to document inability to work, the need for military draft deferment, or physical abuse. She also considers the economic aspects of medical expertising and medical care as services.

The article examines the history of gender specific drug therapies in the 18th century, drawing from prescriptions books and charts which show prescription practices for men, women, and children of that time. The charts coming from German medical doctors Hieronymus David Gaub and Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland show that gender considerations did play a factor in drug dosages, that more prescriptions were issued for men than for women, and that the age of a person also played a role. Also referred to is medical professor Ernst Harnack, a scientist who believed that medicines given to a pregnant woman might harm the fetus.

Copyright of Osteopathische Medizin is the property of Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer Verlag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GMS Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie is the property of German Medical Science Publishing House gGmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kriminologisches Journal is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kriminologisches Journal is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the need to retain solidarity in the German health care systems, i.e. that levels of health provision should not be differentiated into tiers of basic and luxury benefits. To achieve the requisite savings, the author recommends reduction of premiums based on a broadening of information, preventive health measures, and the maturity of the patients. Also recommended are color coded prescription pads, drug funds pooling, and regional finance initiatives.

The article discusses the increasing professionalization and specialization of doctors that make much of physicians' practice opaque to their less-educated lay patients. The same complicating trend that has made physicians increasingly precise diagnosticians has lessened the likelihood of their simultaneous competencies as drug prescribers and/or surgeons.

The article discusses political party maneuvering in setting an effective date and compromise provisions of a bill in the German Bundestag (parliament) regarding extending sick pay to blue collar workers. The bill gives the same sick leave benefits to both blue and white collar workers but also raises the cost of each prescription written and requires patient co-payment for drugs.

The article presents information about socio-political developments in West Germany in 1964. Note is taken of family allowance legislation which was passed on April 18, 1964. The West German federal government has announced its intention to conduct a social survey. According to a decision made by the West German legislative body Bundestag, pharmaceuticals will only be available through prescription procedure.

The article presents information about a physicians' conference held in 1981 in Trier, West Germany. Note is taken of a discussion at the conference regarding illegible handwriting in physicians' prescriptions. A description is given of a request made by Karsten Vilmar, president of the West German chamber of physicians, that his colleagues make greater efforts to write clearly.