9 results on '"Opelz, G."'
Search Results
2. [Chronic liver immunologic factors in ischemic type biliary lesions (ITBL) --> reduced Th1 and increased Th2 response].
- Author
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Golling M, Zipperle S, Weimer R, Otto G, Herfarth C, Opelz G, and Klar E
- Subjects
- Cytokines blood, Humans, Ischemia diagnosis, Liver Function Tests, Lymphocyte Activation immunology, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Prognosis, Bile Ducts blood supply, Ischemia immunology, Liver Transplantation immunology, Postoperative Complications immunology, Th1 Cells immunology, Th2 Cells immunology
- Abstract
Compared to patients with a stable liver function, we found a decreased Th1 and increased Th2 response in patients presenting with ischemic type biliary lesions following liver transplantation. It remains open to speculation whether these immunological changes were induced by the damage of the bile ducts, occur as an additional damaging factor or are found as an epiphenomenon in patients with liver transplant dysfunction.
- Published
- 1998
3. [Illness stage and IgA-anti-Fab/F(ab')2 autoantibody activity in serum of patients with malignant head-neck tumors].
- Author
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Lorenz KJ, Süsal C, Opelz G, and Maier H
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Humans, Immune Tolerance immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Reference Values, Autoantibodies blood, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic immunology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell immunology, Head and Neck Neoplasms immunology, Immunoglobulin A blood, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments immunology
- Abstract
Background: Patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck often show immune defects. Increased serum IgA levels have been reported in these groups of patients. We investigated whether IgA-anti-Fab or IgA-anti-F(ab')2 autoantibodies, which have been shown to correlate with severe dysfunction of the immune system, also appear in patients with head and neck cancer., Patients: Sera of 110 patients with squamous cell carcinoma, eight patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma, and 57 healthy controls were tested with an ELISA for IgA-anti-Fab autoantibody activity., Results: Patients with head and neck cancer showed a higher IgA-anti-Fab activity (OD:399, n = 118) than healthy controls (OD: 84, n = 57, p < 0.0001). An association between stage of disease and IgA-anti-Fab activity could be established in patients with SCCHN. Stage IV patients had a significantly higher IgA-anti-Fab activity (OD: 538, n = 51) than stage 1 patients (OD: 283, n = 18, p < 0.05). Patients with stage II (OD: 293, n = 13) or stage III (OD: 379, n = 28) showed intermediate activity. Also a higher IgA-anti-Fab activity than in healthy controls was demonstrated in the eight patients with ACCHN (OD: 314, n = 8, p < 0.01). The highest IgA-anti-Fab activity was observed in eight patients with SCCHN who died within six months after testing (OD: 1004, n = 8). Similar results were obtained for IgA-anti-F(ab')2 autoantibodies. Our findings suggest an association between autoimmunity and final desintegration of physiological body functions., Conclusions: The occurrence of IgA-anti-Fab/IgA-anti-F(ab')2 autoantibodies might be interpreted as an aspect of immune deficiency in patients with malignant tumors of the head and neck.
- Published
- 1996
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4. [Immunological aspects of kidney transplantation in Switzerland 1981-1992. Swiss Transplant Work Group Kidney Transplantation].
- Author
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Speiser DE, Frick TW, Goumaz C, Opelz G, and Jeannet M
- Subjects
- Cyclosporine therapeutic use, Female, Graft Survival, Histocompatibility Testing, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Male, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Switzerland, Kidney Transplantation immunology, Kidney Transplantation statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Every year some 200-260 kidney transplants are performed in Switzerland, improving the quality of life of patients with end stage renal disease. The current organ shortage is delaying transplantation of the 400 patients on the waiting list, a situation which calls for optimal utilization of the available donor kidneys. It is well established that AB0-compatibility, negative cytotoxic crossmatch, and optimal immunosuppressive therapy including cyclosporin A are important for a favorable clinical outcome. To identify further factors influencing transplant outcome, we undertook a retrospective study of all 1656 transplants to which the above criteria applied. We defined transplants matched for at least 1A, 1B, and 1DR HLA antigen as the better matched, and the remainder as the less well matched grafts. In patients who were not or only weakly immunized to alloantigens, the 5-year graft survival probability was 0.78 versus 0.69 for the better versus the less well matched transplants (p < 0.005). The strongly immunized patients did not, however, show a significant association between the degree of HLA matching and graft survival, presumably because there were more immunized patients in the HLA matched group. As expected, the patients previously immunized to alloantigens showed significantly reduced graft survival early after transplantation. Positive CMV serology, sex mismatch, and cold ischemia time did not correlate with graft survival. Compared to results obtained in the USA or Germany, the survival time of donor kidneys transplanted in Switzerland was significantly increased. Factors contributing to the good results in Switzerland are discussed. Future goals are reduction of alloimmunization and optimized HLA compatibility.
- Published
- 1995
5. [Cellular immune defect caused by postoperative irradiation in patients with squamous epithelial carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract].
- Author
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Maier H, Daniel V, Heimlich F, Frank C, and Opelz G
- Subjects
- CD4 Lymphocyte Count radiation effects, CD4-CD8 Ratio radiation effects, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell immunology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell surgery, Combined Modality Therapy, Humans, Immune Tolerance radiation effects, Laryngeal Neoplasms immunology, Laryngeal Neoplasms radiotherapy, Laryngeal Neoplasms surgery, Lymphatic Irradiation, Lymphocyte Activation radiation effects, Lymphocyte Count radiation effects, Mouth Neoplasms immunology, Mouth Neoplasms radiotherapy, Mouth Neoplasms surgery, Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms immunology, Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms surgery, Pharyngeal Neoplasms immunology, Pharyngeal Neoplasms radiotherapy, Pharyngeal Neoplasms surgery, Radioisotope Teletherapy, Radiotherapy Dosage, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell radiotherapy, Immunity, Cellular radiation effects, Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms radiotherapy, Radiation Injuries immunology
- Abstract
The effect of locoregional postoperative radiation therapy on cellular immunity was investigated in 11 patients with head and neck cancer. During the course of the radiation therapy, total lymphocyte counts, CD8+ lymphocyte counts and especially CD4+ lymphocyte counts decreased significantly. The mean CD4+ lymphocyte counts dropped from 739/microliters to 183/microliters (p < 0.001) and the average CD4+/CD8+ ratio also decreased significantly. In addition all patients showed impaired in vitro lymphocyte stimulation responses to several mitogens, with reductions found to be 10% to 50% of normal responses. Within 3-4 weeks after radiation therapy there was a slight increase of CD4+ lymphocyte counts and the in vitro lymphocyte stimulation responses showed a tendency to normalization. These results indicate that locoregional postoperative radiation therapy in patients with head and neck cancer can induce a severe impairment of cellular immunity.
- Published
- 1995
6. [Prognostic factors in the course of kidney transplantation].
- Author
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Opelz G
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cadaver, Cause of Death, Cyclosporine administration & dosage, Cyclosporine adverse effects, Cytomegalovirus Infections immunology, Cytomegalovirus Infections mortality, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Graft Rejection immunology, Graft Survival immunology, Histocompatibility Testing, Humans, Kidney Function Tests, Kidney Transplantation immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Opportunistic Infections immunology, Opportunistic Infections mortality, Organ Preservation, Renal Dialysis, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Graft Rejection mortality, Kidney Transplantation mortality
- Abstract
The success rate of kidney transplants is influenced by many factors. Analysis of the largest available collection of transplant data shows a statistical influence of HLA compatibility, immunosuppression with cyclosporin, donor age, preservation solution with preservation times longer than 24 h, and prophylactic treatment with anti-CMV immunoglobulin in transplants from CMV-positive donors to CMV-negative recipients. Type and duration of pretransplant dialysis and recipient age were not shown to have a significant influence. These results demonstrate that the analysis of retrospective data allows a quantitative estimation of the influence of risk factors. This knowledge can be utilized prospectively to improve the transplant success rate.
- Published
- 1994
7. [Effect of HLA compatibility on kidney transplantation].
- Author
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Opelz G, Wujciak T, Back D, Mytilineos J, Schwarz V, and Albrecht G
- Subjects
- Cadaver, Follow-Up Studies, Graft Rejection immunology, Graft Rejection mortality, Humans, Kidney Function Tests, Kidney Transplantation mortality, Risk Factors, Survival Rate, Histocompatibility Testing, Kidney Transplantation immunology
- Abstract
The influence of the HLA system on the success rate of kidney transplantations was evaluated in a worldwide collaborative study. The results confirm the influence of the HLA chromosome on transplants from related donors. Moreover, a highly significant effect of compatibility for the HLA-A, -B, -DR antigens was observed in cadaver transplants (p < 0.0001). The great importance of a good quality of tissue typing was emphasized by a) the observation that a significant influence of compatibility for the HLA-A, -B antigens was evident only if donors and recipients were typed for 'split' specificities and not when they were typed for 'broad' antigens, and b) an improved effect of HLA-DR compatibility when serological typing errors were corrected by molecular (DNA) typing. Computations show that kidney allocation according to the best possible HLA compatibility results in a gain of 800 transplant function years per 1,000 transplantations over a 10-year period.
- Published
- 1994
8. [Hepatitis C virus antibodies in patients following blood transfusion and kidney transplantation].
- Author
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Baur P, Daniel V, Pomer S, Scheurlen H, Opelz G, and Roelcke D
- Subjects
- Cross-Sectional Studies, Germany epidemiology, Hepatitis C diagnosis, Hepatitis C immunology, Humans, Incidence, Odds Ratio, Postoperative Complications diagnosis, Postoperative Complications immunology, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Blood Transfusion, Hepacivirus immunology, Hepatitis Antibodies analysis, Hepatitis C epidemiology, Kidney Transplantation immunology, Postoperative Complications epidemiology
- Abstract
The prevalence of anti-HCV in patients after kidney transplantation was tested by HCV-Antibody-ELISA (Ortho Diagnostics). In addition, reactive samples were tested by HCV-EIA (Abbott Laboratories), neutralization, anti-HBc (Corzyme, Abbott) and by HBs-Ag (Auszyme, Abbott). 27 of 271 patients (10%) were anti-HCV positive. Receiving more than one kidney graft (TPL) or the transfusion of more than four blood units (BU) increases the risk of HCV infection four times (OR: 4.1; p less than 0.01) or 2.5 times (OR: 2.5; p less than 0.05), respectively, compared with one TPL or less than 4 BU. Receiving more than one kidney graft and transfusion of more than four BU raises the risk of HCV infection 6.8 times. 52% of anti-HCV positive patients were anti-HBc positive, 48% were anti-HBc negative as well as HBs-Ag negative.
- Published
- 1991
9. [Current immunologic aspects of kidney transplantation].
- Author
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Lenhard V, Dreikorn K, and Opelz G
- Subjects
- Blood Group Incompatibility immunology, Blood Transfusion, Graft Rejection drug effects, Graft Survival, HLA Antigens immunology, Histocompatibility Testing, Humans, Immunocompetence drug effects, Immunosuppressive Agents therapeutic use, Kidney immunology, Tissue Donors, Kidney Transplantation, Transplantation Immunology drug effects
- Abstract
The results of clinical kidney transplantation are mainly dependent on immunologic factors many of which are unknown or of unspecified importance. Blood transfusions have a favorable effect on graft prognosis, although our knowledge about optimal transfusion protocols and transfusion-induced mechanisms is still incomplete. The value of HLA-typing is controversial: whereas compatibility of the "classical" HLA-A,B,C antigens improves graft survival only moderately, HLA-DR typing, routinely performed for the last 3 years only, might be of greater importance. In addition, non-HLA systems, such as endothelial/monocytic antigens or the Lewis blood group system, appear to play a role in graft rejection. The individual immune reactivity a recipient to a large extent determines the fate of a graft. The multifactorial dependence of graft prognosis is discussed in this report.
- Published
- 1982
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