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Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of General Practitioner / Lekarz POZ is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Palliative Medicine / Medycyna Paliatywna is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Swallowing disorders are frequent symptoms in palliative care patients, particularly in the last weeks of life. They consist of dysphagia, aphagia, and odynophagia. They are the substantial clinical problem due to the severity of symptoms and loss of opportunity of oral nutrition and treatment. In this paper, there are presented current rules of diagnostic and therapeutic management of these symptoms, regarding the specificity of the patients requiring palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common cause of nosocomial infection. Patients at high risk of infection are 65 years or over, immunocompromised, or after exposure to antibacterial therapy or taking immunosuppressive drug, both in hospitals or nursing home. Fidaxomycin (FDX ) is novel antibacterials, recommended from 2013 in CDI treatment. Two double-blind, randomised controlled trials showed non-inferiority of fidaxomycin compared to vancomycin with respect to initial CDI cure rates, and significantly lower recurrence rates in patients treated with FDX . This appears to affect its impact on CDI outcome with maximal cost reduction. Except of clinical studies, first observational data are recently published. The main objective of such evaluation is to collect robust real-world data to understand the effectiveness of FDX in routine practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clostridium difficile infection (CDi) is one of the most common cause of nosocomial infection worldwide. Exposure to antibacterial therapy, most notably broad-spectrum agents, is the main risk factor for the development of CDi. Patients at high risk of infection are 65 years or over, immunocompromised or taking immunosuppressive drugs, however some other factors can also influence incidence of CDi. CDi infection can result in a number of clinical sequelae, from postantibiotics watery diarrhea trough pseudomebranous colitis to potentially life-treating disease like fulminant colitis or toxic megacolon. During treatment stoping of previous antibacterial therapy, or at least changing for antibiotics with smaller risk of CDI is recommended. in treatment of infection oral metronidazole or vancomycin are used, depending on disease severity. in severe or recurrent infection vancomycin or fidaxomycin are recommended. Fidaxomycin is the first in a new class of antibacterials known as macrocycles, nonabsorbable, with gastrointestinal route of elimination, shown to act as antibacterial agent with suppression of toxin A and B production and sporulation of Clostridium difficile, with minimal only influence on colonic microbiom. in the treatment of CDI stool transplantation and probiotics should also be taken under account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]