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This paper is the product of doctoral research and aims to introduce the discussion and analysis of Ubuntu and traditional African philosophy as a contribution to thinking about the fragmentation of democracy in Latin America, giving way to the role that African movements and organizations have in assuming a political and ethical struggle to build a relational democracy as a necessary proposal to the crisis of liberal democracy. The methodology consists of a bibliographic review of literature and intellectuals from the social sciences and African thought to highlight a trend that is not only framed in the questioning of the democratic model in force in Latin America, but also provides some clues for the construction of a community society project in the region, based on relational ontology. It concludes that, in the crisis of the Western political model, the struggles of Afro-descendant movements must transcend the logic of strengthening liberal democracy, to propose the ethical path of Ubuntu as a route to deconstruct the political and societal structures in place, promoting a message of humanity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to delineate a panorama of the interaction between religion and ethics in the conception of philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, whose thought developed from the dialogue between two fundamental sources: Hebrew inspiration and Greek thought. Levinas is the bearer of a perspective that, without neglecting philosophical rigor and objectivity, leads us to an original ethical intelligibility, founded on the infinite right of the Other and the unlimited responsibility for others. In this context, the theme of religion is connected to the ethical sphere of intersubjective relations, established by the manifestation of the other man's face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we intend to defend the thesis that the link between whatever singularity and form-of-life is important in Giorgio Agamben’s immanent and contingent ethics. To support this thesis, we structure the paper in two parts: (i) first, we analyze how the indeterminacy between rule and life makes out a way of living inherent to the human being who lives it. This way of living has as one of its primal examples the model of life of Christian monks, hence the fact we analyze it by taking the monastic as an important example; (ii) second, we investigate the category of any and articulate it to the form-of-life as an essential bond, so that the living being constitutes itself in the contingency of its own living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Kant inaugurated his critical philosophy treating about formal conditions for the possibilities to solve problems (Critical Philosophy) he advanced in the 1790s to stablish anthropology as the aim of his philosophy. Considering this, our aim is to show that the reception of Kantian philosophy in the 19th and 20th centuries was formalistic and logicist in a way that it has underlined its transcendental aspect when rather it ought to focus on the moral and the pragmatic (in Kantian sense). Thus, the return to Kant promoted by Neokantianism contributed to the forgetfulness and non-thematising the centrality of his Anthropology. It allowed Neokantianism to focus on the conditions for the possibilities of consolidating sciences in the half of 19th century, which has bequeathed to the Kantianism of the 20th century interpretative models of logicist and analytical biases; this left aside any deep reflection on the empirical part of Kant's philosophy as well because it was considered impure. Also, we will point out that the Ethnographic science does not consider for its constitution any heritage from Kant. Finally, it will be statistically proved by means of analysing the centenary historic of Kant Studien Journal that there has been a very low quantity of papers concerned about pragmatic themes. Kant's Anthropology has been forgotten by critical fortune when it should have been treated as central. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the processing and results of ethical violation processes of the Social Work Regional Council in Paraná (CRESS PR), from 2008 to 2012. The assumption is that conflicts of an ethical nature in the profession of social workers are expressions of the ways in which society reproduces itself. Documentary research was carried out in the completed and archived ethical processes, with a favorable opinion on research ethics. The territory and institution receiving the complaint are presented, as well as: the number of processes; the occupational and institutional spaces to which the denounced social workers are linked; the articles of the Code of Ethics present in the processes; and the results reached by the first and second instance judgments. In conclusion, ethical conflicts are configured as part of social relations reproduction, in which political forces and interests express approaches to societal projects present in institutional organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address an ethical question seeks to pass a situation that confronts us for a course of action that will seek to resolve it, in a movement of description and prescription. Between these two stages, or type of reflection involved and very important for the development of ethical-administrative responsibility and for the management of public interest and common good. This theoretical paper aims to present practical perspectives for making ethical decisions in Public Administration, considering elements of the normative and descriptive dimensions of administrative ethics. The proposed decision-making process can be seen as a support for ethical decisionmaking, understanding moral dilemmas and the context in which ethical decisions arise in the Public Administration, as well as the lack of development of morally competent and rationally responsible public agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What we tried to do here was a comparison between Kant and Rawls, limited to the field of Law Theory. More specifically, the paper focus on the issue of procedural justice. First, it makes a general exposition of the first part do the "Doctrine of Right", in the book Metaphysics of Morals. In the second place, it concentrates on the issue of introducing substantive moral questions to get a theory of justice which can be effective. In that manner, the first part of the paper (1) makes a general presentation of the main aspects of Kant's doctrine of Law. The second part (2) take an overview of general aspects of the Theory of Justice as Fairness (TJF), by John Rawls, concentrating, in a critical manner, on the procedural justice, as presented by the author. It can be noted a change of Rawl's point of view on this matter, since A theory of justice (1971), to more recent works, as Political Liberalism (1996) and Justice as Fairness - A reformulation (2002). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I propose a discussion on the problem of the imputation of immoral decisions in Kant's practical philosophy. Firstly, I argue that this problem is a consequence of an ambiguity in Kant's conception of the "subjective constitution" of the human will, named impure or rationally imperfect, and of the cooperation of rationality and sensibility in the authorship of its choices. This ambiguity leads to the insolvable hermeneutical dilemma between a will that is responsible for choices made by its natural impulses and a pure will (practical reason) that deliberately chooses against reason in the form of immoral agency. Secondly, I expose and confront the popular solution that takes the imputation of immoral actions as a pseudo-problem and embraces a definition of human freedom -- as the power of choice for or against morality -- that Kant explicitly rejects and must reject, due to his own theses in his major grounding works on morality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the relation between the profession of social work and democracy, presenting the processes that historically provided this adherence to the democratic perspective. It underlines the “turnaround” of social work as a milestone, which was simultaneously the product of a set of political and economic processes that took place at the time in Brazil and in the world, and also produced a series of developments in social work – among them the affirmation of a new social directive, in which democracy is a founding axis. The adoption of a democratic perspective is analyzed in this paper also from the observation of the 1986 and 1993 codes of ethics, explaining the relation with democracy as a perspective and then as an ethical-political principle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the importance of Ancient Philosophy for Henrique Cláudio de Lima Vaz. To appreciate this point, we focused on the role played by Plato in Lima Vaz's work, since Plato was the only ancient author to whom he dedicated several papers (written between 1952 and 1997), and on whom he wrote his doctoral dissertation «Contemplation and dialectic in Plato's dialogues», which he defended at the end of 1952, at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at examining what Polites means in the work of the Franco-Lithuanian phisopher Emmanuel Levinas. The task is challenging since there is no explicit approach to the theme in his work. However, the philosopher admits that, with the arrival of the third, the transition from ethics to an eminently social life introduces the question of Justice, Polites and Law, etc., at the heart of the dual relationship. By showing the existence of a fruitful interface between ethics and politics in the author's thought, the primary goal is to address the ethics of otherness from the pespective of language as living speech and as interpellation of the other. The paper then explores Levinas' lines of thought concerning Politics otherwise said, considering the originality of de semiotic and linguistic intrigue that the philosopher establishes betwenn Say and Said that underlies his writing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses aspects of certain notions such as "critique" and "taste" that bring together and distance authors of British philosophy, such as Shaftesbury and Hume, on the one hand, and Kantian critical philosophy, on the other hand. It also discusses how Schiller's notion of formation of sensibility blurs the limits of the Kantian distinction between taste and morals, resuming elements of the British notion of «taste». [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of oral sources is an excellent resource for approaching history of contemporary education. The biographical-narrative methodology not only helps to recover themes forgotten by official historiography, but also opens up a new way of feeling, thinking and acting for the researcher. Admitting that the person who narrates his or her story is a subject capable of producing knowledge that the researcher is unaware of, transforms the traditional relationships between the researcher and the subject who participates in the research and, at the same time, allows the questioning of how knowledge should be constructed. The aim of this paper is to analyze some ethical dilemmas that we have had to face in the development of a doctoral thesis that deals with the education of the popular classes in Franco's regime through oral sources. Through an exercise of reflection on the methodology of the study, based on oral sources, we discuss five decisions that arose in the development of the research and that led us to modify our own research identity. We discuss the issue of representativeness, informed consent, anonymity of the participants, the autonomy of the oral source with respect to other archival sources, and the analysis of the data and the writing of the final report. The study reveals the limitations of traditional historical research with oral sources and presents a debate on the value of a social research model that takes into account the participants, their identity and their contributions as subjects producing historical knowledge. The use of living testimonies calls for an ethical commitment on the part of the researcher for the true production of democratic knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work deals with Ethics as a topic of interest to the Brazilian Congress of Library Science and Documentation (CBBD), focusing on production in the annals of seven editions (16th to 22nd) of this event. Methodology: 1) bibliographic research (regarding the material used to form the theoretical basis; 2) documentary research (regarding the use of the annals and general reports of CBBD events for data collection) and 3) exploratory research (regarding the intended objectives). The objective was to understand and determine--using the texts of the presented works and those present in the annals and in the texts of the general reports of these CBBD editions--the following: a) the topics of the papers which addressed the theme of Ethics; b) the position of the paper that addressed the issue; c) the sequence in which the theme of ethics was addressed; d) the recommendations approved at the end of each edition and expressed in the general reports. Thus, in that period between 1991 and 2007, in which there were seven editions of the CBBD, a total of only four papers dealing with the theme were found, appearing in two of the editions. In the other five editions of the Congress, no papers were presented on the topic. It was found that the majority of these CBBD editions did not contain a theme that clearly dealt with Ethics. In most cases, no final recommendation on the issue was expressed in the general reports. In conclusion, it was found that the topic of Ethics is under explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reflect on the practice of plagiarism in academic texts in a Pedagogy Degree Course at a public higher education institution in the state of Rio de Janeiro / Brazil. Therefore, bibliographic research and field research were carried out, using the questionnaire technique, with fifty-three graduates from the last periods of the course. The results show that most of the interviewed undergraduate students understand what plagiarism is, have heard about it at some point during their graduation and have seen plagiarism during their course. On the other hand, many of them have some difficulties in carrying out academic work and, for them, this is one of the factors that lead to the practice of plagiarism, as well as the lack of time and the ease found by the presence of many ready materials on the internet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Martha Nussbaum claims that literature can be moral philosophy. This thesis, not so popular among philosophers, has been the target of different attacks. One of the most fundamental objections to the thesis is that literature do not do some traditional philosophic work. Specifically, it is said that philosophy does systematic conceptual work, and that philosophy shows truths by arguing. This paper claims that literature can indeed do systematic work and argue. Therefore, a literary work can be, at the same time, a philosophical work; more precisely, it can be moral philosophy. The main argument for this is based on two ideas inspired by Wittgenstein's work. First, that a way of systematize is to offer a panoramic view that illuminates the problem field. Second, that there are some truths, particularly moral truths, that language cannot grasp, but can show. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Brazil, the concept of social responsibility has been largely discussed in the past few decades. Due to the polysemy of this notion, in this paper, I sought to discuss and problematize some of its current uses, taking as a case study papers and books in Psychology. To do so, I conducted a literature review on physical and virtual databases and organized the information produced in two analytic frames: the first one presents the ways the notion of social responsibility is addressed in each of the texts and the second presents a synthesis of the previous frames. The analysis of these materials suggests that there are many objectives, justifications, methods and theories that support social responsible practices. So it is important not to only say someone is socially responsible, but explicit what one means when uses this expressions, as well as the epistemological, ontological and political precepts that underlies it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reflect on the possible relations between ethics and aesthetics both in the field of art and of the existence of subjects, through a semiotic investigation that follows the theoretical paths followed by Greimas in his De l'imperfection (1987), in order to better understand the structure of the aesthetic event, as well as its relations with the ethics of existence. Therefore it will be necessary to return to some fundamental authors on whom Greimas has based his arguments, among them Jean Galard, author of La beauté du geste (1986), text that inspired Greimas to write his paper "Le beau geste" (2014), which develops, as we intend to demonstrate, the structural foundations for the phenomenon of happening, outlined in De l'imperfection (1987), the book that established an epistemological turning point in Greimasian thought and in semiotics theory in general. Furthermore, authors of linguistics and literary theory will be explored in this paper, in particular those who have reflected on issues such as ethics and aesthetics, such as Paul Valéry, Roman Jakobson, Joseph Brodsky, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on some speeches by Brazilian evangelical leaders regarding religious freedom and public health. It sought to identify some elements of evangelical public culture and some moral values that are shared by several evangelical groups that combine with the power strategies of the government of President Jair Messias Bolsonaro and with the power strategies of the leaders of the largest Pentecostal churches. In times of Covid- 19 pandemic, it becomes even more evident that so-called evangelical moral economies are mobilized in favor of opportunism and irresponsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I analyze Ronald Dworkin’s thesis of Law as a branch of Morality. I discuss whether it represents a detour from the presuppositions assumed before by Dworkin, or if it is the peak of his theory, giving full consequence to its presuppositions and integrating the results in a harmonious way. In order to do that, it is important to understand why Dworkin came to the One-System view of Justice for Hedgehogs. Then, it is necessary to analyze critically this view and evaluate whether it does not undermine the autonomy of Law. Finally, I discuss what research agenda the thesis would pose for the contemporary legal debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current paper demonstrates that consumerism in current society, although constrained by ethics and moral values consolidated in entrepreneur social responsibility, still has extremely harmful practices for consumers. Greenwashing and blue-washing publicity techniques are revealed to show that the enterprise, besides selling products and services, allegedly has a social commitment with environmental and social causes. However, one perceives that in practice several entrepreneur activities do not comply with what they actually do and they cover up abusive practices. Harmful publicity should be impaired by the state. It is an exploratory and qualitative research, with a bibliographical and documentary survey. Results show that, in spite of protective norms on human rights, present laws are insufficient to punish enterprises which violate human rights through false social marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explains the conceptual framework of Politics in Henrique Claudio de Lima Vaz. This structure was not explicitly defined by Lima Vaz himself, although he precisely described its general lines in his writing "Ethics and Law", fourth chapter of Escritos de Filosofia II. Ética e Cultura, published in 1988, but originally written in 1977. The explication of Lima Vaz's conception of Politics undertaken here is based on the text above. First, the article will explain the general lines of Lima Vaz's dialectical development and his conception that a method must be adapted to the contents. Then, it discusses Lima Vaz's idea of a philosophical system and its dialectical organization. It proceeds by thematizing the syllogistic structure of Politics, understood as the continuity of Ethics in Aristotle's sense and, therefore, as the Philosophical Science of Law, as formulated by Hegel. Finally, the work seeks to show the adequacy of such a structure to the structures of Ethics and Anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reviews Freud's work to understand the constitution of moral and ethics in the human psyche. It broadly examines concepts such as narcissism, destructiveness and otherness, which are part of the formation of the moral and ethical process. It highlights the feeling of tenderness, a Freudian concept, in the intertwining and complementarity of moral and ethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author seeks to discuss the relationship between ethics and psychoanalytic technique, considering that Freud, since the beginning of his studies, already postulated an ethics for psychoanalytic work. In the letters to Fliess and also in the Project, an outline of ethics was already mentioned. Several other authors, including Klein and Bion, also based their theoretical-clinical elaborations on an ethics based on the search for unconscious truth of the patient. The author also speculates that it is proper of the human condition to hear and be heard. Therefore, Freud, while listening his patient's complaints, trying to understand what was expressed through symptoms, the free association of the patient and the fluctuating attention of the analyst, was giving meaning to this human encounter where one listens and the other speaks. The paper also seeks to discuss the origin of ethics through the ideas of some authors, such as Chetrit-Vatine, Zwiebel and Nemas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the presentations of the sexual in our contemporary age. First, a brief evolutionary summary of sexuality is given and after that, based on contributions by Freud, Ferenczi and other authors, it describes the unusual paths both the sexual and sexuality have taken in man. The paper further discusses the two dimensions - in a quantum sense of the term - psychoanalysis works with and reveals how instinctive conservatism is repeated still today, although in diverse ways, making the history of man an eternal recurrence. Eventually, the paper depicts how contemporary discourses on sexuality continue to influence cultural sexual morality in their attempts to control sexuality [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the presentations of the sexual in our contemporary age. First, a brief evolutionary summary of sexuality is given and after that, based on contributions by Freud, Ferenczi and other authors, it describes the unusual paths both the sexual and sexuality have taken in man. The paper further discusses the two dimensions - in a quantum sense of the term - psychoanalysis works with and reveals how instinctive conservatism is repeated still today, although in diverse ways, making the history of man an eternal recurrence. Eventually, the paper depicts how contemporary discourses on sexuality continue to influence cultural sexual morality in their attempts to control sexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will discuss the approximation of modern natural law in contemporary environmental discussions. To this end, the present text will contain two moments: we will first start from the theory of natural law elaborated by the Dutch philosopher and jurist Hugo Grotius. In his theory, Grotius argues that the seas and waters should be used collectively, as opposed to any monopolistic form. Following this, we will approach the theory of two contemporary authors, Canadian activist Maude Barlow and Indian philosopher Vandana Shiva. In their works, they criticize contemporary privatist intentions, allied to the defense of their collective use, with ethical principles that are close to natural law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strict notion of identity, defined either by its territoriality or by its cultural or individualistic reduction, can find support in a conception of religion whose sole reference is to a single true God or to a sacrificial process, leading to an inevitable relationship between religion and violence. In this paper, however, another principle, inspired by Paul Ricoeur, Jacques Derrida, Jan Patocka and Emmanuel Levinas, has been adopted. It explores the excessive and gratuitous nature of the religious, interpreted as responsibility and concretely applicable to the dynamics of unconditional hospitality. Such an approach gives rise to nomadic religious identities that, in principle, should be immune to the possibility of violence, unless it is, for reasons of identity, a "violence" against violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at dealing with ethics and its applicability to the conduct of daily life in organizations and in the profession. It constructs the definition of ethics, ethics on a daily basis, ethics and codes of conduct for organizations and ethics in the profession. It ends by questioning the role of being a professional and why having a profession. It approaches ethics in accordance with the new moment we live in the infosphere and the behavioral changes of beings increasingly affected by technologies. It aims to lead the reader, both as a citizen and as a professional, to reflect on their behavior and conduct nowadays and calls for more ethical conduct. It is a theoretical, reflective, applicable and qualitative study. It concludes that professions emerge, evolve and disappear with the evolution of society, production methods and technologies. Another conclusion raised from this study is that conduct and behavior change as society and culture evolve, but ethics persist. Researchers concluded through this study that it is possible for people, both in the staff and in the professional field, to have ethical conduct and be prosperous in times when technology and infosphere prevail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the third section of the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals in view of the chapter on the Discipline of Pure Reason, of the Critique of Pure Reason. The objective is to show how the theoretical-speculative philosophy plays a central role in this moment of the Groundwork, namely, to defend, against fatalism, the possibility or admissibility of the transcendental hypothesis of the idea of freedom from a theoreticalspeculative perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I propose an interpretation for the controversial third section of Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, arguing that the spontaneity of reason plays a central role for the proof of freedom as the foundation of moral law. Without wishing to deal exhaustively with this entire section (and the different problems involved in it), I will resort to a very precise selection of texts and limit my analysis to their initial topics. At first, (I) I outline some of the more general problems involved in this third section; (II) I present my arguments in defense of the centrality of the spontaneity of reason to the conclusive force of the proof intended by Kant; (III) I explore one of the possible consequences of this interpretation with respect to the limitation (and articulation) between theoretical use and practical use of the reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to present the debate between two interpretations of Kant's GMS III. The interpretations analyzed here are those of Dieter Schönecker and Henry Allison. This will be done through the reconstruction of their central arguments and theses, as well their reciprocal criticism. For this purpose, the passages of Kant's work (Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals) to which these interpretations relate will first be identified. Then, the arguments and perspective of both interpreters will be presented and analyzed. Finally, we set out a summary of the central issues of the controversy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the aesthetic-tragic dimension of Nietzsche's thought, since his ideas are provocative and go beyond good and evil. Thinking this way, he elaborates a critique of knowledge, which does not occur through an epistemological perspective, since science is placed under suspicion, by the possibility of hiding chaos amidst too many options and escaping pessimism. Nietzsche, believe art as central axis of his philosophy, proposes the overvaluation of moral values. Educational conceptions based only on rationality presupposes knowing and deciphering the world, because difficulties and suffering are barriers. Aesthetic-tragic education, on the other hand, proposes that intrinsic chaos in life be an element that empowers and strengthens the human. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper highlights some gnosiological issues widespread in Plato's dialogues. The ontology in Parmenides, sophists discourses, and Socratic dialectic are widely amalgamated into platonic philosophy and can be considered as the main influences in his innovative way of seeking knowledge, based on dialectic and on the love of the truth. Epistemology, as discernible in platonic's writings, is about the following conceptions: a) the Eleatic tradition of thinking on the being; b) the sophists' speeches (logos) as an exercise of democracy; c) the Socrates dialectic method, based on collective and dialogical investigation. Based on these references, I emphasize that the path to knowledge drawn by Plato is filled with appreciations of wisdom s ultimate goal, that is, the ethics as a necessary attitude towards life and transforming, for the better, the world and the human beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the possibility of a philosophical dialogue between the postphenomenology of Don Ihde - one of the representatives of the so-called "empirical turn" of the philosophy of technology (primarily North American and Dutch) - and Hans Jonas's philosophy of technology, itself anchored in an ontologically based ethics of responsibility. We will do this by first problematizing the criticism levelled by members of the empirical turn at Jonas as continuing the Heideggerian substantivism, and second by affirming Jonas's concept of "heuristics of fear," understood as a source of knowledge and persuasion, as this element of theoretical mediation, since it focuses precisely on the design of technological artifacts and their moral, social and political implications, in other words, on responsibility as a constitutive feature of technical creation and its uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although recognizing the merit of Hans Jonas's proposal of postulating an ethics in the current context, this paper intends to sketch a possible critique of his theory of action, considering a Heideggerian critical reading of the relation between ethics and technique. The problematic of this study, in particular, can be formulated as follows: born of the critique of the model of technological civilization, is Hans Jonas's proposal of ethics capable of overcoming the challenges of the theory of action of the present time? Or is it an ethics that represents only the other side of the same coin of the technified world, whose moral action drives everything to calculation and planning and, therefore, another indication of the man of technique as anticipated by Heidegger's suspicion? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to identify the social and political implications of the spiritual dimension in Viktor Frank's thoughts. Therefore, it was carried a literature review on Frankl's main works. It was found that the sociopolitical dimension was indeed an object of his concerns. Moreover, this research demonstrates that his manuscripts can point out guidelines for understanding as well as elucidating conflicts developed at present. It also discusses the role of the community in the human dignity valorization as well as its relevance to overcome the massification and the depersonalization process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the political cognitive dissention around the concept of "war" and, from the stand of view of "crime", analyzes the ethic reflection that forges and moves "warriors" in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Based on two ethnographic scenes, reflects upon how "criminals" seek to build valorous forms of life amid the conduction towards death and by the means of memorable acts, courage of public exposure, and responsibility for the word. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to present a reflection on the ethics of responsibility of the German philosopher Hans Jonas, more specifically from his conception of heuristics of fear in consonance with Paulo Freire's thinking. The reflection has as a goal to understand the heuristic expression of fear in order to interpret the contribution of its meaning with some pedagogical propositions to contribute to discussions about ethics, responsibility and educational action. The methodology of the approach is basically of bibliographical and hermeneutic character. It is argued that education can assume this task of intentional production of the image of fear that has not yet been experienced, so it can translate into political-pedagogical aspects its real purposes to problematize conjunctures and to bring awareness to the global share of responsibility. It is proposed, based on Paulo Freire, a conscientious education, a ecopedagogy for a planetary citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our aim in this paper is to present in general terms an introduction to the genealogical method elaborated by Nietzsche in The Genealogy of Morals. For this we will also rely on the famous article by Foucault entitled “Nietzsche: genealogy and history”. We will try to demonstrate to what extent the genealogical method is innovatory and profitable for an authentic historical philosophy. The genealogical method presents us a new understanding of temporality and, consequently, a new understanding of reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author starts to delve into the epistemological impossibility of separating truth from lies and, by examining how perception occurs, questions the concepts of objectivity and access to absolute truth. Some differences between constitutive lies and manipulative lies are outlined, as well as the ethic elements involved in the discussion of truth and lie. Throughout the text, the author reflects upon the theme in relation to psychoanalytic work and to the possibility of expanding psychoanalytic knowledge beyond the offices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to understand the mediation of the other and its critical potential starting from the racism debate of television show that produces "experiments" with the everyday life, called Vai fazer o quê? (TV Globo). Initially, we investigate what the representation built in one of the episodes of this show tells us about the social and media contemporary contexts and we relect on how this narrative that tries to criticize Brazilian racism ends up being itself crossed by racist ideologies. At last, we question the ethical limits of a television "experiment" that puts ordinary subjects in sufering situations without their consent and we try to apprehend the show's role on the critics it makes on racism in Brazilian society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to analyze the evolutionary metaethical discussion that revolves around the evolutionist thesis about the origin of evaluative judgments and the possibility of there being objective moral values. Sharon Street (2006) presented what became known as the Darwinian dilemma for moral realism. Moral realists, represented by David Copp, did not take long to reply. I will resume this debate and offer an alternative to the dilemma and the problems brought up by both philosophers through procedural constructivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the contributions neuroscience can make to establish the epistemic foundations of neuroethics. Starting with the association of different kinds of memory with kinds of knowledge, it analyses moral knowing-how in non-propositional terms and develops a new moral epistemology, namely practical cognitivism. Such approach is then used to establish the normative bases of both bioethics and neuroethics contributing to a new emerging field: neurobioethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to discuss and argue about the relevance of conducting bioethical research in loco, in the territory or, more precisely, in the daily life. This practice, common in the social sciences, implies the need to insert the researcher in the context of people's lives, sharing norms and expectations in the flow of daily events. It is a practice that is ethically and politically committed to the context with which it is intended to deal with and, consequently, that it becomes a benefit for the people participating in the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technical-scientific progress has brought a keener awareness that the most powerful transformations affecting the citizen in the 21st century provide new forms of dwelling, reinventing the sense of relationship, questioning democracy based on questions and dimensions which coessential to it, highlighting particularly human rights, civic participation, and freedom of speech. This paper intends to reflect on some assumptions, consequences and challenges facing democracy and human rights in an era experiencing unprecedented technological development. We will first focus on the concept of technopolis and then revisit the Principle of Responsibility of Hans Jonas, identifying the ethical assumptions that serve to address a technological civilization. Thirdly, we intend to identify some of the challenges information and communication technologies pose to the common citizen, highlighting difficulties and identifying the frailties that the path of scientific and technological progress has not been able to resolve, despite all the speeches and expectations. The construction of a truly inclusive information society for all the citizens of the City-World, a society that can banish the digital divide or, at least, narrow the gap separating the technologically more advanced countries from others, safeguarding privacy and the promotion of civic participation in all spheres that affect individuals in a globalised world, are fundamental issues that need to be addressed within human rights. The paper ends with a reflection on human rights in a technological society, a networked society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses the issue of morality in Kant from the book The foundations of the metaphysics of morals (1785). Assuming the Kantian understanding that the headquarters of the dignity of the human person would be found, precisely situated in the ability of every rational being's autonomously act in accordance with the law. In that sense, we seek to understand the Kantian argument, witch transitioned from a practical reason; reason seated in, to fit between means and ends, which foundation would be in the range of needs, human appetites and human inclinations, for each other, based on "duty", which reason would be found on autonomous and free exercise from the rational being. In addition, the paper highlights some implications of its ideas about moral action for the field of Religious Science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to reflect about the use of simulation in training nurses based on bioethics and human rights approaches. This is a reflexive essay based on the assumption that the current training context in health and nursing must include in the process teaching and learning strategies which take into account diverse ethical and bioethical questions about human rights, technological development and scientific knowledge. The use of simulation in training nurses is justified on human dignity, not in the instrumentalization of the person, equity and not discrimination. Furthermore, some fundamental principles of bioethics and their relation to simulation are pointed out. Moreover, the contributions of this teaching and learning strategy are discussed under the perspectives of patient/user, student, university and health care institution. Considering these issues, it is essential to plan a training practice incorporating these dimensions in the training process of future nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ethics and compliance issues have been gaining importance, either through the initiatives of the market itself or due to governmental regulation processes. An example of this is the Brazilian Anti-Corruption Law (LACB) 12.846/13, inspired by international laws, which establishes the accountability of the legal entity and consequently of its representatives by the practice of harmful acts to the public national or foreign administration. This law further states that organizations must maintain Compliance Programs for ongoing awareness of existing regulations and good management practices to employees and stakeholders such as customers and suppliers. Within this scenario, People Management plays an essential role in promoting the programs of Ethics and Compliance in organizations in activities such as structuring these programs, recruitment and selection and development of people aligned with the strategy, mission, vision and organizations values. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present the importance of the participation of People Management in this context. In order to achieve this objective, the present article was developed in the form of an essay based on a bibliographical research on contemporary topics of People Management and Ethics and Compliance. The aspect to note is that only with employees committed to good management practices, organizations can comply with internal regulations and policies, increasing their perenniality and added value to their shareholders. As a result, a proposal for structuring the Ethics and Compliance program supported by the Human Resources area is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current paper analyzes Anselm of Canterbury's solution to the deep ethical issue on the harmony of God's foreknowledge with human freedom. Structured within the framework of a medieval quaestio, the dialectic reflection of the Benedictine monk from Bec acknowledges that future events happen necessarily, whereas free-will fails to act by necessity. Anselm acknowledges the power of free-will within God's perspective and confirms God's providential design derived from his eternal wisdom. Human acts are free because God knows them beforehand and predestines them as such. He does not want that humans be forced or moved by any necessity. The discussion was analyzed in Anselm s last theological work called The Harmony of Foreknowledge, Predestination and the Grace of God with Free Choice, written in 1103. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]