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Copyright of Farol - Revista de Estudos Organizacionais e Sociedade is the property of Farol - Revista de Estudos Organizacionais e Sociedade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses three stories from the book De fronteras by Salvadoran writer Claudia Hernández: Mediodía de fronteras, Carretera sin buey and Lázaro, el buitre, in the light of Kafka’s animal narratives in which conventional human perspectives on animals and animality are subverted, thus configuring a gaze of their own. A gaze that in Hernández’s stories, through the narrator’s voice, allows us to imagine a symbiosis between the animal and the human.

This paper aims to make a small revision of the literature on rural domestic animals and wild ones in Brazilian cities from the perspective of an anthropology of human-animal relations. To this, we add some new ethnographic data, collected individually or together, which aim to cast a light on the idea of a city set apart from the 'natural world', as if there were no entanglements and intersections between humans and the wild fauna in contemporary cities. We want to believe that the animal life is also part of the urban landscapes, and that we build together these landscapes with multiple more-than-humans ecologies in an urban context. In this sense, the cities present themselves as the lace of an oykos of interactions and living with the urban fauna (domesticated, tamed or wild), and also with the flora (also domesticated, tamed and wild), along with other organisms in an ecological context that produces plural environments, instead of cities that onli mean the place of the anthropos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Intersecoes: Revista de Estudios Interdisciplinares is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Considering performances with animals such as Going to the Dogs (Wim T. Schippers, 1986), Octavio and I (Linda Molenaar, 2010), Performances for Pets (Juurak/ Bailey 2014) and A Performance With an Ocean View (for a Dog) (Kokkonnen, 2008), I argue that these works illustrate three emergent effects of performing with animals: challenging a binary and exclusionary view of co-presence in performance; determining a modification of the performer’s interaction with a non- human animal audience; reversing the humanization of the animal, by rehearsing an animalization of human agency.

Objective. Colistin is an antibiotic of last resort for treating serious Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, the misuse of colistin, especially as an animal growth promoter, has contributed to increasing antimicrobial resistance, mediated mainly through plasmid transfer of the mcr-1 gene. This study assessed the prevalence of phenotypic and molecular colistin resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ecuador in healthy humans and their chickens and pigs. Methods. Fecal samples were collected from humans and their chickens and pigs in two rural coastal and Amazon regions between April and August 2020. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated and identified using conventional techniques. Phenotypic resistance was determined using the broth microdilution technique, and the mcr-1 gene was detected using conventional polymerase chain reaction. Results. A total of 438 fecal samples were obtained from 137 humans, 147 pigs and 154 chickens. The prevalence of E. coli isolates was 86.3% (378/438) and K. pneumoniae, 37.4% (164/438). Overall, the mcr-1 gene was found in 90% (340/378) of E. coli isolates, with higher prevalences found in isolates from coastal regions (96.5%, 191/198), humans (95.6%, 111/116) and chickens (91.8%, 123/134); for K. pneumoniae, the gene was found in 19.5% (32/164) of isolates, with equal distribution between regions and hosts. Only four isolates, two E. coli and two K. pneumoniae, showed phenotypic resistance: mcr-1 was present in both E. coli strains but absent in the K. pneumoniae strains. Conclusions. Despite a low prevalence of phenotypic resistance to colistin, the high prevalence of the mcr-1 gene in E. coli is of concern. Ecuador’s ban on using colistin in animal husbandry must be enforced, and continual monitoring of the situation should be implemented.

Theoretical notions of the concept of necropolitics can be applied under the focus of animals as subjects of rights to life, whose dignity has been threatened by repeated actions of the government that, under the pretext of serving human interests, have avocated an authority to sacrifice animals on the streets pointed as vectors of threat to local human health. From a dialogue with the theories of Mbembe's Necropolitics, Foucault's Biopower and Agamben's Homo Sacer, this paper aims to describe how animals have been subjected to the same severity of death policy, exercised by the sovereign of the state power, against citizens from socially vulnerable segments. The methodology of documentary research will be adopted, with content analysis technique, having as objects judicial decisions, administrative and legislative acts, which have as merit the regulation of state actions that promote the sacrifice of animals. It will be concluded that respect for the dignity of life must be equal to animals and humans, disapproving of any policy that seeks to entail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores Antonella Anedda’s works from a post-anthropocentric perspective within the theoret-ical framework of ecocriticism. After mentioning some of the most relevant concepts and ideas connected with these lively approaches in interdisciplinary studies, it presents a brief and deliberately ongoing introduction to an outline of observations on the poet’s production, considering the key eco-categories such as animals, plants and space.

Objective: to identify the knowledge of the nursing staff in dealing with bothropic accident victims in the emergency service. Methods: descriptive, exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Developed in 2019, with professionals from the nursing staff of the adult emergency sector of a University Hospital. A semi-structured interview was used, transcribed and analyzed using simple descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: 34 professionals from the nursing team participated in the study, being 82% female, with an average age of 37 years. The content analysis revealed three categories: knowledge about accidents caused by poisonous animals, academic and professional trajectory in the context of poisonous animals and management of the nursing team to the patient victim of bothropic accidents. Conclusão: the results demonstrate the knowledge and behaviors of the nursing staff in face of bothropic accidents and highlight the need to sensitize the nursing staff regarding the recognition of the snakebite accident, especially regarding the characteristics presented by the venomous animal and the clinical manifestations presented by the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Philosophy & History of Biology / Filosofia e História da Biologia is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Filosofia e Historia da Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pós: Revista do Programa de POS-Graduacao Em Artes - EBA/UFMG is the property of Pos - Programa de Pos-graduacao em Artes (PPG-Artes) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis), the only seal species native to Central America, was declared extinct in 2008, with the last confirmed sighting in 1952. This species historically had a broad range throughout the gulf of Mexico. This article discusses the history of Western science on the monk seal, from its first recorded sighting by a Western colonizer in 1492 to scientific collection in the 1800s and 1900s, as a history of the erasure of this species. Museum practices of collecting and displaying Caribbean monk seals have directly contributed to this erasure, and ways of writing a new history by giving the Caribbean monk seal the capacity to refuse erasure are suggested.

Abstract This article presents the first history of Colombian zoos and one of the few contributions to the history of these institutions in Latin America. It proposes that in this region’s zoos native animals tended to predominate, signaling the increasing transformation of forests and other native ecosystems into croplands and pasturelands, as well as the growing distance between people and natural environments. Colombian zoos additionally underscore the limitations of the State in its period of most rapid expansion. They reveal how private interests overshadowed the State by providing public amenities, but also how they offered unconventional solutions to certain hurdles of State formation.

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias is the property of Revista Electronica de Ensenanza de las Ciencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To investigate the factors influencing carbon dioxide transfer in a system that integrates an oxygenation membrane in series with high-bicarbonate continuous veno-venous hemodialysis in hypercapnic animals., Methods: In an experimental setting, we induced severe acute kidney injury and hypercapnia in five female Landrace pigs. Subsequently, we initiated high (40mEq/L) bicarbonate continuous veno-venous hemodialysis with an oxygenation membrane in series to maintain a pH above 7.25. At intervals of 1 hour, 6 hours, and 12 hours following the initiation of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis, we performed standardized sweep gas flow titration to quantify carbon dioxide transfer. We evaluated factors associated with carbon dioxide transfer through the membrane lung with a mixed linear model., Results: A total of 20 sweep gas flow titration procedures were conducted, yielding 84 measurements of carbon dioxide transfer. Multivariate analysis revealed associations among the following (coefficients ± standard errors): core temperature (+7.8 ± 1.6 °C, p < 0.001), premembrane partial pressure of carbon dioxide (+0.2 ± 0.1/mmHg, p < 0.001), hemoglobin level (+3.5 ± 0.6/g/dL, p < 0.001), sweep gas flow (+6.2 ± 0.2/L/minute, p < 0.001), and arterial oxygen saturation (-0.5 ± 0.2%, p = 0.019). Among these variables, and within the physiological ranges evaluated, sweep gas flow was the primary modifiable factor influencing the efficacy of low-blood-flow carbon dioxide removal., Conclusion: Sweep gas flow is the main carbon dioxide removal-related variable during continuous veno-venous hemodialysis with a high bicarbonate level coupled with an oxygenator. Other carbon dioxide transfer modulating variables included the hemoglobin level, arterial oxygen saturation, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and core temperature. These results should be interpreted as exploratory to inform other well-designed experimental or clinical studies.

Introduction: valproic acid (VPA), an epigenetic drug, has potential for the treatment of neoplasms. Its effects on the healing of the peritoneal-musculo-aponeurotic plane (PMA) of the abdominal wall are studied., Method: sixty Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: experimental (VPA) and control (0.9% sodium chloride), treated daily, starting three days before the intervention and until euthanasia. Under anesthesia, a median laparotomy was performed and repaired with two synthetic layers. Assessments took place 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery. The integrity of the wounds, the quality of the inflammatory reaction, the intensity of the leukocyte infiltrate, collagen synthesis, the intensity of angiogenesis and the presence of myofibroblasts were studied., Results: there was dehiscence of the PMA plane in 11 of the 30 animals (p=0.001) in the experimental group. There was no difference in the quality and intensity of the inflammatory reaction. Immunohistochemistry revealed, in the experimental group, less collagen I (p3=0.003, p7=0.013 and p14=0.001) and more collagen III (p3=0.003, p7=0.013 and p14= 0.001). Collagen evaluated by Sirus Supra Red F3BA showed, in the experimental group, less collagen at all three times (p<0.001) with less collagen I and collagen III (p<0.001). A lower number of vessels was found on the 3rd day (p<0.001) and on the 7th day (p=0.001) and did not affect the number of myofibroblasts., Conclusion: VPA showed dehiscence of the PMA plane, with less deposition of total collagen and collagen I, less angiogenic activity, without interfering with the number of myofibroblasts.

Background: Adverse remodeling of lung vessels elevates pulmonary pressure and provokes pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH results in increased right ventricle (RV) afterload, causing ventricular hypertrophy and the onset of heart failure. There is no specific treatment for maladaptive RV remodeling secondary to PAH., Objectives: This study aims to explore two therapeutic approaches, grape juice (GJ) and thyroid hormones (TH), on PAH-induced oxidative stress and cardiac functional changes., Methods: Parameters of echocardiography related to lung vessel resistance (AT/ET ratio), RV contractility (TAPSE), and RV diastolic function (E/A peaks ratio) were evaluated. Also, total ROS, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, calcium handling proteins, pro-oxidant and antioxidant protein expression were measured. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant., Results: Both GJ and TH treatments demonstrated reductions in pulmonary resistance (~22%) and improvements in TAPSE (inotropism ~11%) and AT/ET ratio (~26%) (p<0.05). There were no changes amongst groups regarding the E/A peak ratio. Although ROS and TBARS were not statistically significant, GJ and TH treatments decreased xanthine oxidase (~49%) levels and normalized HSP70 and calcium handling protein expression (p<0.05). However, only TH treatment ameliorated diastolic function (~50%) and augmented NRF2 immunocontent (~48%) (p<0.05)., Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study stands as a pioneer in showing that TH administered together with GJ promoted functional and biochemical improvements in a PAH model. Moreover, our data suggest that GJ and TH treatments were cardioprotective, combined or not, and exhibited their beneficial effects by modulating oxidative stress and calcium-handling proteins.

This article explores an interaction between posthumanist and cognitive discourses through the work of award winning Mexican author, Guadalupe Nettel. I focus on her 2014 anthology, Natural Histories, rereading the central motif of the narrative, that animals ‘are like a mirror that reflects submerged emotions or behaviours that we don’t dare to see’ (Nettel, 9). This ‘reflection’ is not simply the image of the human reflected off the opaque surface of the animal, but rather the humans themselves act as a mirror, simulating the behaviour of the animals with which they cohabit. This can be read as a literary representation of a neurophysiological phenomenon — embodied simulation, an internal mimicry, either perceptible or imperceptible, performed when watching others completing certain tasks, movements or expressions (Gazzola et al. 2007; Uithol et al. 2011; Iacoboni 2009). In particular, the first story, ‘El matrimonio de los peces rojos’, depicts a profound human-nonhuman embodied resonance that moves between linguistic, narratological and characterological levels. A cognitive critical approach to the mirroring between animals and humans in the stories reveals the particular intersection between new paradigms in cognitive science, animal studies, and posthumanism that the anthology develops, each of its narratives intertwining mind, body and nonhuman other in a non-hierarchical network.

What are the social dimensions of grief in face of the loss of a companion animal? How is such a loss lived in daily life, through practices and rituals? And how does grief for a companion animal contribute to the definition of the human-animal boundary? Drawing on contributions from both Animal Studies and the Sociology of Personal Life, this article proposes a three-fold interpretation of pet grief. First, by looking at the place of companion animals in the personal networks of the Portuguese people, and the relationality of contemporary life. Second, by looking at specific rituals and practices that, after the loss of an animal, continue to weave a thin cobweb that keeps them within the lives of humans. Third, by considering the inequalities that crosscut the grief process, according to species, and that contribute not only to perpetuating the exceptionality of the human but also that certain species are regarded as more grievable than others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to identify the presence of eggs, cysts and oocysts of potentially zoonotic parasites, in fecal samples from dogs and cats in the vicinity of municipal schools in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil and in sand samples from their recreational squares. The material collected came from 41 schools in the city's seven neighborhoods. Stool samples were analyzed using the coproparasitological techniques of Willis Mollay, Faust and Hoffmann, Pons and Janer. The sand, in turn, through the techniques of centrifugal flotation and Rugai. The results showed that of the 167 fecal samples analyzed, 71.3% (119/167) were positive for parasites. Ancylostoma was the most prevalent genus, identified in 52.1% of the samples, followed by Trichuris vulpis (19.8%), Giardia spp. (15.0%), Toxocara spp. (9.0%), Dipylidium caninum (4.8%), Cystoisospora spp. (2.4%) and Spirometra sp. (2.4%). In the sands, there was a predominance of Toxocara spp., And Ancylostoma spp, observed in 18.7% and 14.8%, respectively, in recreational areas. These results show the need for practices that prevent and control parasitic infections, such as responsible guarding of dogs and cats living in the home and control of semi-domesticated or abandoned animals, as the presence of these parasites in and around schools is a public health problem, due to the possibility of zoonoses transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Alternative methods to the use of animals in research have been a global trend, mainly after the publication of the 3R’s principle (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement), proposed by Russel and Burch. In the cosmetic sector, safety and efficacy assessments using animals have generated controversial debates. For this reason, in vitro research techniques are widely used to assess acute toxicity; corrosivity and irritation; skin sensitization; dermal and percutaneous absorption; repeated dose toxicity; reproductive toxicity; mutagenicity and genotoxicity; carcinogenicity; toxicokinetic studies; photo-induced toxicity; and human data. Although there are many methodologies described, validated, and widely used in the cosmetic area, the evaluation of the safety of cosmetic ingredients and products is still an expanding field. It needs global collaboration among regulatory agencies, universities, and industry, to meet several unmet needs in the fields of sensitization, carcinogenicity, systemic action, among other issues involving safety of users of cosmetic products. This review article will cover the currently most relevant in vitro models regarding irritation, corrosion, sensitization, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and phototoxicity, to help to choose the most appropriate test for evaluating the safety and toxicity of cosmetic ingredients and products.

The nascent global age at the close of the Middle Ages introduced exotic objects from distant lands into Western Europe. Exotica from the natural world – naturalia – were frequently fashioned into ecclesiastical and seigniorial artifacts and housed in treasuries. The materials were sometimes re-identified in their new contexts, such as narwhal tusks understood as unicorn horns, which bestowed upon them additional meanings associated with those allegorical mythical creatures. This work investigates the movement, alteration, and use of such re-identified naturalia in late medieval society leading up to the Age of Discovery. It focuses on naturalia that retained their distinct morphological features after working, following the hypothesis that the identity of the animal, as indexed by a recognizable form or set of physical characteristics, was important. It additionally considers symbolic connotations and occult properties deriving from allegorization of matter to study the role played by the ornamentation of naturalia. This paper explores the discourse between extant tangible objects and contemporary texts such as bestiaries, lapidaries, and alchemical compendia to examine how the iconography of the artifact’s form and the iconology of the ornamentation contributed to the overall signification of the naturalia.

This work intends to make an ecological reading of the laws of the Hebrews in the Code of the Covenant (Ex 20,22-23,33), from the elements pointed out in the laws that refer to the vegetal, animal and mineral nature. The objective is to point to the requirement of the Code of the Covenant to the Israelites that they should be clear that Yahweh was present in their lives and he would bless them when using animals to perform sacrifices as well as the stones for building altars. Also show the demand for the care of animals and of the land with the organization of agricultural production that respects the rest of the land for its natural recomposition; and the demand for the care of human life in this set of life between vegetal, mineral and animal nature. This set can be seen as corresponding to Leonardo Boff's current definition of ecology, that is, the set of life in an interrelationship of all beings, living and inanimate. It is intended to conclude that the biblical law in Exodus points to the care of nature, which today is the care of the Common House, in Pope Francis' Encyclical Laudato Si'. It is also intended to conclude that the legislation of a people must be at the service of life and the defense of the environment, as was the Israeli law, because Yahweh will hear the cry of the poor just as he heard the cry of the Hebrews enslaved in Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Introduction: The association between local anesthetics (LA) and neuromuscular blocking (NMB) drugs in clinical practice, and the possibility of interaction between these drugs has been investigated. LAs act on neuromuscular transmission in a dose-dependent manner and may potentiate the effects of NMB drugs. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in an experimental model, the effect of lidocaine and racemic bupivacaine on neuromuscular transmission and the influence on neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium. Methods: Male Wistar rats, weighing from 250 to 300 g were used. The preparation was set up based on a technique proposed by Bülbring. Groups were formed (n = 5) according to the drug studied: lidocaine 20 µg.mL−1 (Group I); racemic bupivacaine 5 µg.mL−1 (Group II); atracurium 20 µg.mL−1 (Group III); atracurium 20 µg.mL−1 in a preparation previously exposed to lidocaine 20 µg.mL−1 and racemic bupivacaine 5 µg.mL−1, Groups IV and V, respectively. The following parameters were assessed: 1) Amplitude of hemi diaphragmatic response to indirect stimulation before and 60 minutes after addition of the drugs; 2) Membrane potentials (MP) and miniature endplate potentials (MEPPs). Results: Lidocaine and racemic bupivacaine alone did not alter the amplitude of muscle response. With previous use of lidocaine and racemic bupivacaine, the neuromuscular blockade (%) induced by atracurium was 86.66 ± 12.48 and 100, respectively, with a significant difference (p = 0.003), in comparison to the blockade produced by atracurium alone (55.7 ± 11.22). These drugs did not alter membrane potential. Lidocaine initially increased the frequency of MEPPs, followed by blockade. With the use of bupivacaine, the blockade was progressive. Conclusions: Lidocaine and racemic bupivacaine had a presynaptic effect expressed by alterations in MEPPs, which may explain the interaction and potentiation of NMB produced by atracurium.

Objective: to compare the time of the knockdown effect between the pesticides prallethrin and dichlorvos on Africanized Honey bees (AHB). Method: this is an experimental study. The effect of these two pesticides over time was evaluated based on a life table methodology. The probability of survival between the two groups was compared based on the Mantel-Cox test. Results: it was observed that within 40 seconds the estimated probability of survival (no knockdown) was approximately 20% for prallethrin and 70% for dichlorvos. Estimated probability of survival (no knockdown) for prallethrin was lower in comparison to dichlorvos up to approximately 90 seconds. After that, the estimated survival for both pesticides became closer and stable. After 300 seconds almost all AHB were eliminated by both pesticides. Prallethrin showed better effect to control AHB when compared to dichlorvos. Conclusion: based on the results and considering that prallethrin presents lower toxicity to humans and to the environment it can be a safer alternative rather than dichlorvos to control AHB in urban areas.

This paper focuses on tangential figurations of the “animal question”. Starting from the difficulty to avoid reproducing the Great Divides that Donna Haraway observes in many theorists in the field of animal studies, and from Cornelius Castoriadis’ analysis of the institution and reproduction of power divisions, I follow the animal trail in some of Marx’s methodological reflexions and in the science fiction Argentinian comic El Eternauta (1957-59) by Héctor G. Oesterheld and Solano López.

Two semesters ago I proposed a course around texts of different genres and moments, with the condition that they include representations of the animal, or directly animals. Each year the course is dedicated to literary forms and techniques. The fact that the readings refer to animals could be interpreted as a whim. But I do not think whims are irrelevant. Probably it happens the other way around: whim, curiosity, zigzagging exploration could be stimulating reading acts tin order to question installed premises which in literature are frequent, largely because they are easily adopted. And yet, it was not a whim; it was an invitation to perform a test, imprecise in its results, as I will explain

Background: Systemic arterial hypertension is a risk factor for cardiac, renal, and metabolic dysfunction. The search for new strategies to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases led to the synthesis of new N-acylhydrazones to produce antihypertensive effect. Adenosine receptors are an alternative target to reduce blood pressure because of their vasodilatory action and antioxidant properties, which may reduce oxidative stress characteristic of systemic arterial hypertension., Objective: To evaluate the antihypertensive profile of novel selenium-containing compounds designed to improve their interaction with adenosine receptors., Methods: Vascular reactivity was evaluated by recording the isometric tension of pre-contracted thoracic aorta of male Wistar rats after exposure to increasing concentrations of each derivative (0.1 to 100 μM). To investigate the antihypertensive effect in spontaneously hypertensive rats, systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were determined after intravenous administration of 10 and 30 μmol/kg of the selected compound LASSBio-2062., Results: Compounds named LASSBio-2062, LASSBio-2063, LASSBio-2075, LASSBio-2076, LASSBio-2084, LASSBio-430, LASSBio-2092, and LASSBio-2093 promoted vasodilation with mean effective concentrations of 15.5 ± 6.5; 14.6 ± 2.9; 18.7 ± 9.6; 6.7 ± 4.1; > 100; 6.0 ± 3.6; 37.8 ± 11.8; and 15.9 ± 5.7 μM, respectively. LASSBio-2062 (30 μmol/kg) reduced mean arterial pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats from 124.6 ± 8.6 to 72.0 ± 12.3 mmHg (p < 0.05). Activation of adenosine receptor subtype A3 and potassium channels seem to be involved in the antihypertensive effect of LASSBio-2062., Conclusions: The new agonist of adenosine receptor and activator of potassium channels is a potential therapeutic agent to treat systemic arterial hypertension.

Background: Obesity is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases and is a serious public health problem. In animal models, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding impairs cardiac structure and function and promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis. Resistance exercise training (RT), however, has been recommended as coadjutant in the treatment of cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, because it increases energy expenditure and stimulates lipolysis., Objective: In this systematic review, we aimed to assess the benefits of RT on the heart of rats and mice fed HFD., Methods: Original studies were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases from December 2007 to December 2022. This study was conducted in accordance with the criteria established by PRISMA and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022369217). The risk of bias and methodological quality was evaluated by SYRCLE and CAMARADES, respectively. Eligible studies included original articles published in English that evaluated cardiac outcomes in rodents submitted to over 4 weeks of RT and controlled by a sedentary, HFD-fed control group (n = 5)., Results: The results showed that RT mitigates cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. It also modifies the activity of structural remodeling markers, although it does not alter biometric parameters, histomorphometric parameters, or the contractile function of cardiomyocytes., Conclusion: Our results indicate that RT partially counteracts the HFD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling by increasing the activity of structural remodeling markers; elevating mitochondrial biogenesis; reducing oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and endoplasmic reticulum stress; and improving hemodynamic, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to describe trauma injuries associated with rope bullfights in the Azores, Portugal, regarding the cause of the incident, trauma mechanism, most affected anatomical areas, and injury severity., Methods: Two-year cross-sectional study in the local hospital with prospective data collection. Patients who were consecutively admitted to the local hospital's emergency department with trauma injuries from the bull's direct impact or from falls either during the bull's escape or when handling the rope, were included. Data on general demographics, lesion characteristics, treatments, need for hospitalization and mortality were collected., Results: Fifty-six incidents and 80 trauma injuries were identified. The main cause of trauma was the bull's direct impact (37; 66.07%) and the mechanism of injury was blunt trauma in all patients (100%; 56). Head and neck injuries (27; 33.75%) were the most common. The median Injury Severity Score at the emergency department admission was 4. Major trauma was noted in five patients (8.92%). Ten patients (17.85%) needed hospitalization with a median hospital stay of seven days. Three of the 10 hospitalized patients (30%) were previously admitted to the intensive care unit. Surgery was performed in six patients (10.71%)., Conclusion: The main cause of trauma was the bull's direct impact, and the mechanism of injury was blunt trauma. The most affected anatomical areas were the head and neck. These findings are a wake-up call to the impact of these events regarding the economic costs they entail, the costs for the health of the local population, the safety measures currently implemented and the availability of the necessary means to treat these patients.

Background: Vascular dysfunction constitutes the etiology of many diseases, such as myocardial infarction and hypertension, with the disruption of redox homeostasis playing a role in the imbalance of the vasomotor control mechanism. Our group previously has shown that thyroid hormones exert protective effects on the aortic tissue of infarcted rats by improving angiogenesis signaling., Objective: Investigate the role of triiodothyronine (T3) on vascular response, exploring its effects on isolated aortas and whether there is an involvement of vascular redox mechanisms., Methods: Isolated aortic rings (intact- and denuded-endothelium) precontracted with phenylephrine were incubated with T3 (10-8, 10-7, 10-6, 10-5, and 10-4 M), and tension was recorded using a force-displacement transducer coupled with an acquisition system. To assess the involvement of oxidative stress, aortic rings were preincubated with T3 and subsequently submitted to an in vitro reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation system. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%., Results: T3 (10-4 M) promoted vasorelaxation of phenylephrine precontracted aortic rings in both intact- and denuded-endothelium conditions. Aortic rings preincubated in the presence of T3 (10-4 M) also showed decreased vasoconstriction elicited by phenylephrine (1 µM) in intact-endothelium preparations. Moreover, T3 (10-4 M) vasorelaxation effect persisted in aortic rings preincubated with NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 10 µM), a nonspecific NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Finally, T3 (10-4 M) exhibited, in vitro, an antioxidant role by reducing NADPH oxidase activity and increasing SOD activity in the aorta's homogenates., Conclusion: T3 exerts dependent- and independent-endothelium vasodilation effects, which may be related to its role in maintaining redox homeostasis.

Introduction: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and in Brazil. There is currently increasing concern about the effects of glyphosate on human health. The Brazilian Institute for Consumer Protection showed data on the presence of glyphosate in some of Brazil's most consumed ultra-processed products. Currently, regulations on the upper limit for these residues in ultra-processed foods have yet to be established by the National Health Surveillance, and ultra-processed food consumption is independently associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease., Methods: Since an unbalanced diet can interfere with kidney function, this study aims to investigate the effect of daily intake of 5 mg/kg bw glyphosate in conjunction with a balanced diet and the possible impact on renal function in rats. Kidney function, kidney weight, markers of renal injury, and oxidative stress were evaluated., Results: There was a decrease in kidney weight. The main histopathological alterations in renal tissues were vacuolation in the initial stage and upregulation of the kidney injury marker KIM-1. Renal injury is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species in mitochondria., Conclusion: This study showed changes in the kidney of rats exposed to a balanced diet with glyphosate, suggesting a potential risk to human kidney. Presumably, ultra-processed food that contain glyphosate can potentiate this risk. The relevance of these results lies in drawing attention to the need to regulate glyphosate concentration in ultra-processed foods in the future.

Introduction and Objectives: The increasing incidence of ischemic heart disease is a serious threat to human health. Increased CASC15, a long non-coding RNA, has been shown to adversely affect cardiac muscle. The objective of this paper was to explore the effect of CASC15 on a cell model of myocardial infarction and its possible mechanism., Methods: H9c2 cells were selected to establish the myocardial infarction model through hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) treatment. The expression of CASC15 was attenuated by cell transfection in vitro. The level of CASC15 was detected by RT-qPCR. Cell viability was detected by CCK-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The content of MDA and the activity of SOD and GSH-Px were measured by ELISA. Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the relationship between CASC15 and miRNA., Results: CASC15 expression was increased in H/R-treated H9c2 cells. Overexpression of CASC15 adversely affected cell viability and promoted H/R-induced oxidative stress. Inhibition of CASC15 promoted cell viability and suppressed cell apoptosis and oxidative stress damage. Additionally, luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the targeting relationship between CASC15 and miR-542-3p, and attenuating CASC15 expression enhanced the level of miR-542-3p. Reduction of miR-542-3p weakened the viability of the H/R cell model, increased apoptosis, and enhanced oxidative stress damage., Conclusion: This study suggests that overexpression of CASC15 may inhibit the viability of H9c2 cells, promote apoptosis and induce oxidative stress through targeted regulation of miR-542-3p expression., (Copyright © 2023. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U.)

Dengue is a vector-borne disease that has a significant impact on global public health. The vector mosquito belongs to the genus Aedes. Two species play a key role in human transmission: Ae. aegypti, which has adapted to the urban environment of highly populated areas in tropical and subtropical countries, leading to a dramatic increase in dengue cases over the years, and Ae. albopictus, which poses a potential threat to temperate climate countries due to its ability to adapt to colder climates. The disease is widespread across the world, posing a risk to nearly half of the world's population. Although most cases are asymptomatic, dengue causes a burden on healthcare systems and mainly affects the younger population. The disease is also spreading to temperate climate countries, thus becoming a global threat. Vector control measures and vaccine development have been the main prevention strategies, as there is still no effective treatment for the disease.

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This paper investigates ten mathematics textbooks distributed between the years of 2013 to 2018 in countryside schools in Brazil within the scope of the Textbook National Program in its version for the Countryside, the PNLD Campo. The analyzes take the Animal Studies as a motto to discuss the subjectivities produced in this context. The Foucaultian theorizations are adopted to examine the discursive networks described and inquired from the use of two qualitative and quantitative analysis software, Atlas TI and Gephi. The articulation of the theorization employed with the software is supported by the analysis of the Connected Concept Analysis. The results show that the animals are positioned in these materials sometimes take them as a pedagogical device, in order to capture students' attention and engagement in their teaching and learning processes in school Mathematics, while at other times they are engaged in a process of exploration of their lives to sustain a rationality that distributes, organizes, and maintains policies of life and death.

The aim of the present investigation was to evalúate three doses of nitazoxanide compared to metronidazole for canine giardiosis, we used 32 canines between 3 and 4 months of age, were randomly divided into 4 groups: T0 (metronidazole 25 mg / kg BID for 5 days, T1 (nitazoxanide 2 mg / kg BID for 3 days), T2 nitazoxanide (3 mg / kg BID for 3 days) and T3 nitazoxanide (4 mg / kg BID for 3 days), the effective dose of nitazoxanide was determined , comparing its percentage of efficacy with metronidazole, the number of cysts of Giardia spp., through the concentration method by Willis flotation, body temperature, capillary filling time (TLLC), cutaneous pinch test to determine the percentage of dehydration of each canine, as well as the macroscopic analysis of stool (consisteney, color, odor, presence of mucus or blood) .An analysis of covariance (ANOVA) was performed for the variable expulsión of cysts of Giardia spp., in addition to an analysis of variance for the other variables, the comparison ofmeans was made by Tukey test at 5%. The results obtained were T3 nitazoxanide (4 mg / kg BID for 3 days) with an efficacy of 97.9% compared to metronidazole 67.8% at the end of the treatment. The symptomatology no individual presented fever, feces improved in appearance from day 4 with a better resolution in T3, vomiting oceurred at day 2 only in individuáis treated with metronidazole, in terms of the percentage of dehydration T1 obtained 8% because the resolution of the diarrheatook a little longer, unlike the other groups. In this investigation, no adverse effect to nitazoxanide was reported.

This article focuses on the analysis of how traditional animal tales from different Lusophone countries can contribute to the acquisition of intercultural learning in children of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education. The main objectives of this study are: to promote sensitivity to cultural diversity in students of the 1st CEB through traditional tales; describe the influence of animal tales from Lusophone countries on intercultural learning of these students; to analyze the importance of animal tales for motivation in learning; develop attitudes of respect for the Other; develop attitudes of respect for the environment. Traditional tales feed readers' imaginations and open symbolic spaces so that they can understand themselves and the world around them. The methodological option developed was action-research, where the researcher gives special importance to the practice and to reflection, which aims is to identify problems and plan strategies to overcome them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The community of soil organisms, including species visible to the naked eye (> 2.0 mm), is represented by more than 20 taxonomic groups. The soil is a heterogeneous and dynamic environment, in which there is a huge variety of organisms and high biodiversity and abundance of living beings. This work aims to analyze the diversity and characterize the soil of an area of Nim (Azadirachta indica), located Igarapé-açu, UFRA school farm, through diversity indices for the edaphic macrofauna and the Munsell letter for identification of the soil color. The work was conducted for 6 months from March to September 2018, containing 4 visits throughout the survey. With this, 3 collections were made for edaphic macrofauna and soil. The Shannon-Wiener, Simpson and Pielou indices were used to assess the diversity of the macrofauna, and collections were made in blocks in the soil, where each block was performed 4 repetitions with depths of 0 cm - 20 cm, 20 cm - 40 cm, 40 cm - 60 cm and 60 cm - 80 cm, for a total of 64 samples. Both the ephoric macrofauna and the soil, showed a fundamental association for the balance of a system where it houses a considerable variety of life. According to the diversity indexes, it can be seen that there are taxonomic groups that dominate a specific habitat in favor of the condition and the period they are in, indicating greater activity in collection 3, a fact linked to the beginning of the dry period, where the neem leaves begin falling. The region's soil was characterized as oxisols with sandy-clay characteristics. It was possible to verify that the edaphic macrofauna, associated with the soil environment as a whole, are fundamental for the balance of a system that inhabits an unimaginable variety of life. The representatives of Diplopodas are the most present species in the studied area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: To describe accidents involving brown spider (genus Loxosceles) bites notified by the Pernambuco Poison Information and Care Center (CIATox-PE), Brazil, from January 2018 to December 2022., Methods: This was a case series study of brown spider bites notified by the CIATox-PE., Results: The study included 22 cases with median age of 35 years, the majority being female (13); the cases occurred in rural and urban areas (12 versus 10), at night (10); Petrolina was the municipality with the highest number of notifications (6); spider bites occurred mainly in the lower (11) and upper (9) limbs, almost exclusively inside households (21); specific serum therapy was not indicated for 8 cases because the time for its effectiveness had already elapsed., Conclusion: Loxoscelism cases occurred more frequently in females, in both rural and urban areas and mainly at home, with delays in seeking medical care., Main Results: The 22 cases described represent an alert for the presence of a venomous species not reported in previous studies in Pernambuco. The severity of cases may be associated with delays in seeking medical care, especially due to the population's lack of information., Implications for Services: Identify the presence of brown spiders in households in the region and the potential severity of poisonings. Alert health professionals to recognize the clinical picture with a view to appropriate early treatment., Perspectives: Develop research on poisoning by venomous animals and educational actions alerting the population to prevent these accidents and updating health professionals on care.

Introduction: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is one of the reasons of end-stage kidney disease, and elucidating the pathogenesis and offer new treatment options is important. Oxidative stress might trigger pathogenesis systemically or isolated in the kidneys. Octreotide (OCT) has beneficial antioxidant effects. We aimed to investigate the source of oxidative stress and the effect of OCT on experimental NS model., Methods: Twenty-four non-uremic Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups. Control group, 2 mL saline intramuscular (im); NS group, adriamycin 5 mg/kg intravenous (iv); NS treatment group, adriamycin 5 mg/kg (iv) and OCT 200 mcg/kg (im) were administered at baseline (Day 0). At the end of 21 days, creatinine and protein levels were measured in 24-hour urine samples. Erythrocyte and renal catalase (CAT) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) were measured. Renal histology was also evaluated., Results: There was no significant difference among the 3 groups in terms of CAT and TBARS in erythrocytes. Renal CAT level was lowest in NS group, and significantly lower than the control group. In treatment group, CAT level significantly increased compared with NS group. In terms of renal histology, tubular and interstitial evaluations were similar in all groups. Glomerular score was significantly higher in NS group compared with control group and it was significantly decreased in treatment group compared to NS group., Conclusions: Oxidative stress in NS might be due to the decrease in antioxidant protection mechanism in kidney. Octreotide improves antioxidant levels and histology in renal tissue and might be a treatment option.