12 results on '"chemical bonding"'
Search Results
2. Metodologías para la enseñanza de los enlaces químicos en la Educación Básica: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
- Author
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Freitas, Humberto Wellington da Silva, Sampaio, Caroline de Goes, and Barroso, Maria Cleide da Silva
- Subjects
Ensino de Química ,Enlace Químico ,Chemical Bonding ,Enseñanza de la Química ,Teaching Chemistry ,Ligação Química ,Metodologia de ensino ,Metodología de enseñanza ,Teaching methodology - Abstract
Considering the level of abstraction of chemical knowledge and the importance of knowledge of chemical bonds content for the appropriation of many other concepts, the present work aims to carry out a systematic review of the literature on methodologies for teaching chemical bonds that have approaches different from the traditional one. and that seek a better relationship between teaching and learning for basic education students. The searches were carried out in the Portal of Periodicals of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) using teaching methodology, teaching chemistry and chemical bonds as descriptors. We found 8 articles considered relevant to the research, most of which used playful approaches and through games, resulting in an improvement in the level of student learning. Considering the little literature available on the subject, especially in Elementary School, it is recommended to carry out new researches that analyze methodologies that provide students with more significant learning. Considerando el nivel de abstracción del conocimiento químico y la importancia del conocimiento del contenido de enlaces químicos para la apropiación de muchos otros conceptos, el presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre metodologías para la enseñanza de enlaces químicos que tienen enfoques diferentes al tradicional y que buscan una mejor relación entre la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los estudiantes de educación básica. Las búsquedas se realizaron en el Portal de Publicaciones Periódicas de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior (CAPES) utilizando como descriptores metodología de enseñanza, química didáctica y enlaces químicos. Encontramos 8 artículos considerados relevantes para la investigación, la mayoría de los cuales utilizaron enfoques lúdicos ya través de juegos, dando como resultado una mejora en el nivel de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Considerando la poca literatura disponible sobre el tema, especialmente en Educación Primaria, se recomienda realizar nuevas investigaciones que analicen metodologías que brinden a los estudiantes aprendizajes más significativos. Considerando o nível de abstração dos conhecimentos químicos e a importância do conhecimento do conteúdo ligações químicas para apropriação de muitos outros conceitos, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre metodologias para o ensino de ligações químicas que tenham abordagens diferentes da tradicional e que busquem uma melhor relação entre o ensino e a aprendizagem de alunos da educação básica. As buscas foram realizadas no Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) utilizando-se como descritores metodologia de ensino, ensino de química e ligações químicas. Foram encontrados 8 artigos considerados como relevantes para a pesquisa, sendo que em sua maioria, utilizaram-se de abordagens lúdicas e por meio de jogos, resultando em melhora no nível da aprendizagem dos alunos. Visto a pouca literatura disponível sobre o tema, em especial no Ensino Fundamental, recomenda-se a realização de novas pesquisas que analisem metodologias que proporcionem nos alunos aprendizagens mais significativas.
- Published
- 2022
3. USO DE MECANISMO DINÂMICO E INTERATIVO NO ENSINO DE QUÍMICA: UM RELATO DE SALA DE AULA.
- Author
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CAMELO, A. L. M., MAZZETTO, S. E., and VASCONCELOS, P. H. M.
- Abstract
Nowadays, it is common to observe unmotivated students with little interest in learning what is taught by the teacher. It is up to the educator to develop strategies that aim to contribute significantly to both teaching and student learning processes. We know that the game is inherent in childhood, but it remains alive in each stage of a person's life. This experience takes place from simple toys, such as dominoes to virtual video games, they are all common to children, young teens and adults. The act of playing brings to the human being feelings of pleasure and excitement, thus, becoming a useful tool for students and teachers when combining theoretical concepts learned in the classroom. In this context, this paper addresses the topic of Chemical Bonding from a dynamic and attractive approach by using games and playing as tools in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Livros didáticos de química : uma análise à luz do perfil conceitual para o conceito de ligação química
- Author
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Parra, Vivian Cordeiro, Bueno Filho, Marco Antonio, Moreira, Wagner Alves, and Mori, Rafael Cava
- Subjects
HISTORY OF SCIENCE ,CONCEPTUAL PROFILE ,LIGAÇÃO QUÍMICA ,CHEMICAL BONDING ,HISTÓRIA DA CIÊNCIA ,PERFIL CONCEITUAL ,PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENSINO E HISTÓRIA DAS CIÊNCIAS E DA MATEMÁTICA - UFABC ,LIVROS DIDÁTICOS ,TEXTBOOKS - Abstract
Orientador: Rafael Cava Mori Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ensino e História das Ciências e da Matemática, Santo André, 2020. A natureza abstrata da química torna essa área potencial para o uso de analogias em seu ensino, que podem gerar obstáculos epistemológicos. Nesse sentido, o tema ligação química tem possibilidades de reforçar concepções alternativas por parte dos estudantes. Considerando que as salas de aula são espaços sociais complexos - nos quais o professor busca interagir com dezenas de estudantes para desenvolver um ponto de vista muito particular: o pensamento científico -, há nelas uma inevitável heterogeneidade de modos de pensar e falar, que precisam ser compreendidos para que o processo de ensino logre sucesso. Pensando nisso, em meados dos anos 1990, Mortimer propôs os perfis conceituais como uma maneira de compreender a heterogeneidade do pensamento e da linguagem em salas de aula de ciências. Perfis conceituais devem ser entendidos, pois, como modelos de diferentes maneiras de ver e representar o mundo, utilizados pelas pessoas para significar sua experiência. Cada indivíduo tem um perfil conceitual próprio, que se diferencia de outros perfis pela importância conferida às chamadas zonas conceituais, que representam modos particulares de pensar conceitos. A literatura em ensino de ciências vem, já há alguns anos, valendo-se de diversas perspectivas metodológicas para a elaboração de perfis conceituais e para a identificação de suas zonas. Considerando a necessidade de propor um perfil para o conceito de ligação química, o objetivo deste trabalho é colaborar para essa finalidade. O método empregado foi a revisão das investigações sobre a teoria dos perfis conceituais e a análise de fontes secundárias da história da ciência. Em relação às possíveis zonas conceituais para ligação química, foram observadas as zonas animista, sensorialista, essencialista, substancialista, racionalista clássica e racionalista moderna. A partir da identificação dessas zonas, realizou-se a análise dos livros didáticos de química atualmente utilizados no ensino médio, com o objetivo de caracterizar a maneira como os conteúdos sobre ligação química contemplam as diferentes zonas. Os resultados apontaram que o conteúdo referente às ligações químicas contempla as zonas: animista, substancialista, racionalista clássica e racionalista moderna. Apenas uma, das seis obras analisadas, não contempla a zona animista e, também, é a única a apresentar a zona racionalista moderna. The abstract nature of chemistry makes it possible to use analogies in its teaching, which can generate epistemological obstacles. In this sense, the topic of chemical bonding has the potential to reinforce alternative conceptions by students. Considering that classrooms are complex social spaces - in which the teacher seeks to interact with dozens of students in order to develop a very particular point of view: scientific thinking - there is in them an inevitable heterogeneity of ways of thinking and speaking, which need to be understood so that the teaching process succeeds. With that in mind, in the mid-1990s Mortimer proposed conceptual profiles as a way to understand the heterogeneity of thought and language in science classrooms. Therefore, conceptual profiles must be understood as models of different ways of seeing and representing the world, used by people to represent their experience. Each individual has their own conceptual profile, which differs from other profiles due to the importance given to so-called conceptual zones, which represent particular ways of thinking about concepts. In recent years, the literature on science education has been using several methodological perspectives for the development of conceptual profiles and for the identification of their areas. Considering the need to propose a profile for the concept of chemical bonding, the objective of this work is to collaborate for this purpose. The method employed was the review of investigations into the theory of conceptual profiles and the analysis of secondary sources in the history of science. In relation to the possible conceptual zones for chemical bonding, the animist, sensorialist, essentialist, substantialist, classical rationalist and modern rationalist zones were observed. From the identification of these zones, the analysis of the chemistry textbooks currently used in high school was carried out, with the objective of characterizing the way in which the contents on chemical bonding contemplate the different zones. The results showed that the content referring to chemical bonds includes the areas: animist, substantialist, classical rationalist and modern rationalist. Only one of the six analyzed works does not include the animist zone and is also the only one to present the modern rationalist zone.
- Published
- 2020
5. Propriedades de recobrimento de ligações químicas em mecanismos de reações orgânicas Sn2
- Author
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Mendonça, José Gutembergue de, Moura Júnior, Renaldo Tenório de, Leitão, Ezequiel Fragoso Vieira, Aguiar, Eduardo de Costa, and Lucena Júnior, Juracy Régis de
- Subjects
QUIMICA [CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA] ,Ligação química ,Mecânica quântica ,Chemical bonding ,SN2 reactions ,Reação SN2 - Abstract
Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2022-03-24T12:33:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Gutembergue de Mendonça.pdf: 3163640 bytes, checksum: ccb70040f9625d4256328e0c4a07931b (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2022-03-25T14:44:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Gutembergue de Mendonça.pdf: 3163640 bytes, checksum: ccb70040f9625d4256328e0c4a07931b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-28T11:15:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - José Gutembergue de Mendonça.pdf: 3163640 bytes, checksum: ccb70040f9625d4256328e0c4a07931b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-25 Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa do Estado da Paraíba - FAPESQ Organic Sn2 reactions are enough studied, because they are the basis for organic synthesis and biochemical processes. The reactions with halomethanes , where we have the X ' ⋯ CH3X where x = F, Cl and Br and X = Cl has been the focus of much experimental and theoretical study, over the years. Given this, this work has as objective the application of method based on analysis of coating properties of chemical bonds to the study of the situation of the chemical bonds in the course of the reaction mechanisms where you can reveal important aspects of chemical reactions, such as: the Covalent character, Electron density, among other trends. Nevertheless, this work has as its main objective the application of coating model for the study of chemical bonding in SN2 reaction mechanism. In this sense, it is intended to monitor the change of the properties of covering in the course of the reaction coordinate. SN2 reactions discussed in this work were chosen because they are well known and already known, allowing for a more in-depth understanding of the properties of covering. The methodology used involved calculations based on DFT with B3LYP functional, for the calculation of the transition and to the IRC calculation (Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate), both for the direct reaction as functional and inverse wB97X-D, which features of correction long range and dispersion and localization of orbitals method employed was the Pipek-Mezey. The combinations used for the mechanism is by varying the nucleophile (Lewis bases) halogenated: F, Cl and Br, attacking the methane chlorine with an angle of 180° with respect to the Group-leaver. Notable results obtained with respect to carbon connections/halogen polarizability, as if formed these αOP values, connection for qop and ,, increased proportionately with the Lewis base strength, giving a tendency of the method as for the covalent radius of the link formed. This way to the theoretical understanding of chemical bonds along the reaction coordinate, the model features a sensitivity on ChemBOS as to determination of Covalent character. As reações orgânicas SN2 são bastantes estudadas, pois são a base para a síntese orgânica e processos bioquímicos. As reações com halometanos do tipo X’⋯CH3X, em que X’= F, Cl e Br e X= Cl, têm sido o foco de muito estudo experimentais e teóricos, ao longo dos anos. Diante disso, esse trabalho tem como objetivo a aplicação de método baseado na análise de propriedades de recobrimento das ligações químicas para o estudo da situação das ligações químicas quebradas e formadas no decorrer dos mecanismos de reação SN2. Tal estudo pode revelar aspectos importantes das reações químicas, tais como: o caráter covalente da ligação, densidade eletrônica, entre outras. Não obstante, esse trabalho tem como objetivo principal a aplicação do modelo de recobrimento para o estudo da ligação química em mecanismo de reação SN2. Neste sentido, pretende-se acompanhar a variação das propriedades de recobrimento ao longo da coordenada de reação. As reações SN2 abordadas nesse trabalho foram escolhidas por serem bem conhecidas e já elucidadas, permitindo um entendimento mais aprofundado das propriedades de recobrimento. A metodologia aplicada envolveu cálculos baseados na DFT, com o funcional B3LYP para os cálculos de estados de transição e para o cálculo IRC (Intrinsic Reaction Coordinate), tanto para a reação direta como inversa e com o funcional wB97X-D, que apresenta correção de longo alcance e dispersão. O método de localização dos orbitais empregado foi o Pipek-Mezey. As combinações utilizadas para o mecanismo foi variando os nucleófilo (bases de Lewis) halogenados: F, Cl e Br, atacando o cloro metano com um ângulo de 180º com relação ao grupo abandonador. Os resultados indicam variações sistemáticas nas propriedades das ligações formadas. A polarizabilidade de recobrimento das ligações carbono– halogênio aumenta proporcionalmente com a força da base de Lewis, conferindo uma tendência do método quanto à covalência da ligação formada.
- Published
- 2019
6. ENTRE TIPOS E RADICAIS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE VALÊNCIA
- Author
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Nogueira, Helena S. Alvares and Porto, Paulo Alves
- Subjects
history of chemistry ,theory of radicals ,chemical bonding ,valence ,theory of types ,Edward Frankland - Abstract
This paper presents a historical case study regarding the development of the concept of valence in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The case study focuses on Edward Frankland’s contribution to the process which lead to the convergence of two theories about the combination of the elements: the theory of types and the theory of radicals. Results show how such process involved many other scientists from various countries and how the concept of valence related to studies on bonding, periodicity and chemical structure. Changes in the nomenclature and notation were also observed. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the empirical concept of valence received theoretical explanations under the light of the then new theories on electronic structure of atoms. Thus, this case study exemplifies the complexity of the process of development of a scientific concept and, in particular, shows the multiplicity of connections of the concept of valence in the body of chemical knowledge.
- Published
- 2019
7. ENTRE TIPOS E RADICAIS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE VALÊNCIA
- Author
-
Nogueira,Helena S. Alvares and Porto,Paulo Alves
- Subjects
history of chemistry ,theory of radicals ,chemical bonding ,valence ,theory of types ,Edward Frankland - Abstract
This paper presents a historical case study regarding the development of the concept of valence in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The case study focuses on Edward Frankland’s contribution to the process which lead to the convergence of two theories about the combination of the elements: the theory of types and the theory of radicals. Results show how such process involved many other scientists from various countries and how the concept of valence related to studies on bonding, periodicity and chemical structure. Changes in the nomenclature and notation were also observed. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the empirical concept of valence received theoretical explanations under the light of the then new theories on electronic structure of atoms. Thus, this case study exemplifies the complexity of the process of development of a scientific concept and, in particular, shows the multiplicity of connections of the concept of valence in the body of chemical knowledge.
- Published
- 2019
8. Conhecimento(s) dos alunos sobre ligação Química: Uma sequência didática em foco
- Author
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Reis, Diones Bento dos, Barboza, Pedro Lucio, Onofre, Eduardo Gomes, and Soares, Luiz Havelange
- Subjects
Ensino de Química ,Ligação química ,ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM [EDUCACAO] ,Following teaching ,Teaching Chemistry ,Chemical bonding ,Sequência didática - Abstract
Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2019-09-02T11:53:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Diones Bento dos Reis.pdf: 2493950 bytes, checksum: 056d4f9ff033dc8dc69519c9b3920690 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2019-10-10T14:05:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Diones Bento dos Reis.pdf: 2493950 bytes, checksum: 056d4f9ff033dc8dc69519c9b3920690 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-10T14:05:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Diones Bento dos Reis.pdf: 2493950 bytes, checksum: 056d4f9ff033dc8dc69519c9b3920690 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-25 Chemistry is a very beautiful and fascinating science, but unfortunately little understood by the students. Still has great resistance, especially in high school students, even in elementary school when there are the first contacts with Chemistry. In this way, the present research has a qualitative character, aiming the analysis of the performance of the students of the 1st year of high school, after the application of a Didactic Sequence developed in 6 (six) classes (stages), in the teaching of Chemical Links. We used a pre - questionnaire composed of closed questions, it contained information about the research object in order to have a previous check of the students' knowledge. We used a field diary, where the speeches of some students and teachers were recorded. We request a textual production on the subject addressed. And finally, we apply a final written activity from the molecular models elaborated by the students representing the types of Chemical Bonds. In the subjective questions (textual production and final activity) the discourse analysis was used and the objective questions (questionnaire) were put through graphs and table, and later discussed. We also used discourse analysis for the speeches of students and teachers registered during the application of the Didactic Sequence. Likewise, in the final activity we construct a framework where we perform the synthesis of the students' responses. Also, the recorded images of the students during the accomplishment of the activities of the Didactic Sequence were discussed. The results indicate that the students liked the didactic proposal, favoring the teaching- learning process. We can conclude that the objectives were reached, since the students were able to critically position themselves and conceptualize some processes of the content of Chemical Bonding. We can also see that the Didactic Sequence is an important resource in the teaching-learning process, and can be applied in the classroom as a "motivational and aids tool" for the students, once it is worked on in an active perspective, promoting dialogue of the subject) of the students among themselves, leading them initially about the content addressed, intending to awaken their autonomous ability to question the world around them. A Química é uma ciência muito bonita e fascinante, mas infelizmente pouco compreendida pelos estudantes. Ainda possui uma resistência grande, principalmente em alunos do ensino médio, até mesmo no ensino fundamental quando há o(s) primeiro(s) contatos com a Química. Dessa forma, a presente pesquisa possui cunho qualitativo, tendo como objetivo a análise do desempenho dos alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio, após a aplicação de uma Sequência Didática desenvolvida em 6 (seis) aulas (etapas), no ensino de Ligações Químicas. Utilizamos um pré-questionário composto de perguntas fechadas, este continha informações referentes ao objeto de pesquisa para termos uma verificação prévia do(s) conhecimento(s) dos alunos. Usamos um diário de campo, onde foram registradas as falas de alguns alunos e professores. Solicitamos uma produção textual sobre o assunto abordado. E por fim, aplicamos uma atividade escrita final a partir dos modelos moleculares elaborados pelos alunos representando os tipos de Ligações Químicas. Nas questões subjetivas (produção textual e atividade final) foi utilizada a análise de discurso e as questões objetivas (questionário) foram colocadas por meio de gráficos e quadro, e posteriormente discutidas. Também utilizamos a análise de discurso para as falas dos alunos e professores registradas durante a aplicação da Sequência Didática. Igualmente, na atividade final construímos um quadro onde realizamos a síntese das respostas dos alunos. Outrossim, as imagens registradas dos alunos durantes a realização das atividades da Sequência Didática foram discutidas. Os resultados apontam que os alunos gostaram da proposta didática, favorecendo ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Podemos concluir que os objetivos foram alcançados, uma vez que os alunos foram capazes de se posicionar criticamente e conceituar alguns processos do conteúdo de Ligação Química. Percebemos ainda, que a Sequência Didática é um recurso importante no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, podendo ser aplicada nas aulas como uma “ferramenta motivacional e auxiliadora” para os alunos, uma vez que seja trabalhada numa perspectiva ativa, promovendo o dialogo (a discursão do tema) dos alunos entre si, conduzindo-os inicialmente acerca do conteúdo abordado, tendo como intenção despertar sua capacidade autônoma de questionamento do mundo que os cerca.
- Published
- 2017
9. GILBERT LEWIS E O CENTENÁRIO DA TEORIA DE LIGAÇÃO POR PAR DE ELÉTRONS
- Author
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Filgueiras, Carlos A. L.
- Subjects
Gilbert Lewis ,chemical bonding ,centennial of electron pair theory, bonding theory - Abstract
The year 2016 marks the centennial of the first approach to describe all types of chemical bonds by means of a unified theory, that of the electron pair, as proposed by the American chemist Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875-1946). Lewis probably became the best known chemist of the twentieth century. Any highschool student anywhere has heard of him and uses concepts such as Lewis acids and bases. His seminal ideas, albeit modified with time, remain a source of inspiration as the basis of much that came later. Lewis established his theory in a series of articles, the most important dating from 1916. His life and achievements are the stuff of much study and debate, as this essay aims to show.
- Published
- 2016
10. GILBERT LEWIS E O CENTENÁRIO DA TEORIA DE LIGAÇÃO POR PAR DE ELÉTRONS
- Author
-
Carlos A. L. Filgueiras
- Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Gilbert Lewis ,Chemistry ,chemical bonding ,centennial of electron pair theory, bonding theory ,General Chemistry - Abstract
The year 2016 marks the centennial of the first approach to describe all types of chemical bonds by means of a unified theory, that of the electron pair, as proposed by the American chemist Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875-1946). Lewis probably became the best known chemist of the twentieth century. Any highschool student anywhere has heard of him and uses concepts such as Lewis acids and bases. His seminal ideas, albeit modified with time, remain a source of inspiration as the basis of much that came later. Lewis established his theory in a series of articles, the most important dating from 1916. His life and achievements are the stuff of much study and debate, as this essay aims to show.
- Published
- 2016
11. GILBERT LEWIS E O CENTENÁRIO DA TEORIA DE LIGAÇÃO POR PAR DE ELÉTRONS
- Author
-
Carlos A. L. Filgueiras
- Subjects
Gilbert Lewis ,chemical bonding ,centennial of electron pair theory, bonding theory ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The year 2016 marks the centennial of the first approach to describe all types of chemical bonds by means of a unified theory, that of the electron pair, as proposed by the American chemist Gilbert Newton Lewis (1875-1946). Lewis probably became the best known chemist of the twentieth century. Any highschool student anywhere has heard of him and uses concepts such as Lewis acids and bases. His seminal ideas, albeit modified with time, remain a source of inspiration as the basis of much that came later. Lewis established his theory in a series of articles, the most important dating from 1916. His life and achievements are the stuff of much study and debate, as this essay aims to show.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. ENTRE TIPOS E RADICAIS: A CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONCEITO DE VALÊNCIA
- Author
-
Helena S. Alvares Nogueira and Paulo Alves Porto
- Subjects
valence ,history of chemistry ,theory of types ,theory of radicals ,chemical bonding ,Edward Frankland ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This paper presents a historical case study regarding the development of the concept of valence in late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The case study focuses on Edward Frankland’s contribution to the process which lead to the convergence of two theories about the combination of the elements: the theory of types and the theory of radicals. Results show how such process involved many other scientists from various countries and how the concept of valence related to studies on bonding, periodicity and chemical structure. Changes in the nomenclature and notation were also observed. In the beginning of the twentieth century, the empirical concept of valence received theoretical explanations under the light of the then new theories on electronic structure of atoms. Thus, this case study exemplifies the complexity of the process of development of a scientific concept and, in particular, shows the multiplicity of connections of the concept of valence in the body of chemical knowledge.
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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