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Objectives. To reveal how the subject in sociological and psychological studies of the family and parenthood change depending on sociocultural context. Background. According to social constructivism, all ideas are not determined by the biological foundations of human interaction, but are products of social and cultural construction. That is why the concepts of partnership and family relations in recent decades have been seriously revised. We can see the evolution of approaches in formulation of hypotheses and interpretation of results in studies of partnerships and family relations, attitudes toward parenthood, expected family size, etc. As we show in the article, currently prevailing social ideas about the conditional norm of gender behavior and relationships influence these formulations. Understanding this influence is very important for critical reflection of the relationship between social processes and the focus of research. This reflection acts as a tool to increase the validity of the results and their interpretation, especially in studies carried out in line with the qualitative and mixed methodology. Methodology. The paper includes a substantive (thematic) and quantitative analysis of the subject of sociological and psychological research, as well as a comparative analysis of the dynamics of the subject and sociocultural context in different periods of research. Conclusions. The article shows that objective social processes are reflected in the predominance of certain research topics and theoretical frameworks in interpretation of the obtained data. Reflection of the social context of research is a necessary procedure to increase the validity of the results and allows to create a basis for building prognostic models.

Currently, much attention in the field of higher education is paid to the problems of the third stage – postgraduate education. The main problems are: reducing the awarding of scientific degrees, decreasing the reproduction of the personnel capacity of higher school and scientific activities. The purpose of the paper is to study the trajectories of postgraduate education, based on the data of empirical research “Professional trajectories of postgraduate students” at the Dubna State University and at the “National Research University “Higher School of Economics”. The main methods were a sociological survey and analysis of secondary information. Based on the results of the study, a portrait of a modern postgraduate student has been compiled. Two identical studies produced mostly different results. This suggests that there is a need for such research.

This paper investigates the role of science in the identity strategies of the Ob-Ugrians (Khanty and Mansi). The main source for the study comprised author’s field reports collected over the years in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra. As the reference point of the analysis we chose the Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Research and Development, where a polling of Ob-Ugric science professionals was held in 2018. The author suggests exploring the research topic through the concept of multifaceted identity. A complex system of individual self-identification implies the presence of its different forms, including professional and ethnic, amongst others. This approach leads to the conclusion on superimposing roles of a scientist and a member of the ethnic group (professional and ethnic identities) in the scientific activities of the Ob-Ugrians. To indicate this specificity, we sug-gest using the term ‘ethnoscience’. The latter is defined in this context as an entity emerged in a specific way, spatially localized and aimed at studying the autochthonous foundations of knowledge within its ethnic community. As a methodological approach, the concept of ‘cultural trauma’ has been employed. Within this theory, scientific activities of the northerners are considered as a manifestation of ‘coping’ with the trauma. The example of Ob-Ugrians shows that ethnic science professionals are often driven by the perception of practical relevancy of such activities ‘for the sake of saving the nationality and its culture and raising its prestige’. These phenomena can be regarded as a kind of protest action aimed to compensate real and perceived slights. Nowadays, research activi-ties of the Ob-Ugrians are focused on recovery of the ‘lost knowledge’ and its application in the modern context. The search for the ‘roots’ and ethnic self-identification is carried out through ‘revival’ and ‘restoration’. As a draw-back of this strategy, some weak points evince (‘sympathetic ethnography’) which steadily diminish as the nor-thern ethnoscience continues to integrate in a wider science context.

Introduction. Nowadays, it is hard to consider higher education of the 21st century without the global context. The increasing globalisation opens up many opportunities for higher education development, while becoming a challenge to national systems for the training of qualified professionals, including teachers. Thus, the internationalisation of teacher education is currently becoming one of the global trends.The aim of the present research was to investigate the state of involvement of future Russian educators in the processes of academic mobility.Methodology and research methods. The research is based on the theory of internationalisation of education in the conditions of increasing globalisation. In the course of the research, the authors used a mixed toolkit: analysis and generalisation of academic publications, statistical data (the Eurostat working papers and OECD’s reports) and sociological survey. 1714 students of the universities of Siberia took part in the sociological survey.Results and scientific novelty. The analytical reviews of literature revealed the shortage of academic publications on the problems of internationalisation of pedagogical education and the lack of statistics in the Russian Federation on the academic mobility of future teachers. Based on the results of theoretical analysis, the levels of study of academic migration of students of pedagogical specialties were determined – geopolitical, organisational and personally-oriented. A questionnaire has been developed to ascertain the degree of academic mobility of students. This questionnaire includes scanning the portfolio of respondents, finding out their status and motivation to participate in the internationalisation process and academic exchange programmes. The analysis of the results demonstrates the low level of involvement of students of Siberian universities in the academic mobility programmes against the background of their high degree of readiness to study at other universities, including universities abroad. The reasons for non-involvement are identified.Practical significance. The recommendations for changing the critical situation are proposed. It is highlighted that academic mobility should take an important place in both the curriculum of Russian universalities and the individual educational routes. It is necessary to support academic mobility and form a new teacher’s professional identity in the global context.

The paper develops approaches to reveal manifestations of regional identity in modern urbanonymic systems based on the data of three Russian cities: Ekaterinburg, Rybinsk, and Yaroslavl, and to analyse them from the onomasiological perspective. As noted by the authors, the methods for identifying regional features are well developed in related humanities, but largely unexplored in onomastics. This remains a relevant task for working out the principles of onomastic policy in urbanonymic systems. The authors argue that the idea of an all-Russian (all-union) identity (ideological, regional, local) is anchored in the urbanonymy of large cities by the established tradition. The study looks to identify the urbanonyms marked by regional identity. These are understood as names conveying linguistic and cultural information about the region and reflecting common views the residents have on its features, notable historical events and people, as well as on the local socio-cultural and economic sphere. Historically, the majority of such urbanonyms emerged in the second half of the 20th century. The authors distinguish three main lines of regional identity manifestations in an urbanonymic system: by reference to a territory, to a person, or the image of the place. In its final part, the article discusses the examples of translating regional identity into official urbanonymy. The authors conclude that, contrary to the widespread notion about the similarity and uniformity of urban naming, there are substantial disparities in both geographically distanced and neighbouring onymic systems.

The paper seeks to explore the strategies instrumental for the implementation of the body politic metaphor that had been active in Western culture since classical antiquity in the plays authored by present-day North American dramatists (Sarah Ruhl’s Passion Play, USA, 2010, and Timothy Findley’s Elizabeth Rex, Canada, 2000). Drawing upon the concept of the “king’s two bodies” (E. Plowden, E. Кantorowicz, М. Аxton, А. Мusolff, L. Montrose and other New Historicists), the author sets out to demonstrate that in S. Ruhl’s dramatic cycle the metaphor serves to indicate the inextricable links between the concepts of power, the sacred, and the theatrical, whereas Т. Findley uses it to study the ontology of sex and gender in political and theatrical contexts. It is argued that the age-old somatic metaphor conceived in the archaic layers of human psyche manifests its viable receptive potential through its efficient functioning in the early 21st century cultural artifacts., Анализируются стратегии реализации политической метафоры body politic, активно „работающей” в западной культуре со времен античности, в пьесах современных североамериканских драматургов („Мистерия страстей” С. Рул, США, 2010 г. и „Elizabeth Rex” Т. Финдли, Канада, 2000 г.). Опираясь на концепцию „двух тел монарха” (Э. Плоуден, Э. Канторович, М. Акстон, А. Мусолфф, Л. Монтроуз и другие представители „нового историзма”), автор доказывает, что в произведении С. Рул эта метафора выступает маркером неразрывной связи между концептами власти, сакральности и театральности, тогда как Т. Финдли исследует с ее помощью онтологию пола и гендера в политическом и театральном контекстах. Сделан вывод о том, что давняя соматическая метафора, зародившаяся в архаических слоях человеческой психики, выявляет свой жизнеспособный рецептивный потенциал, эффективно функционируя в культурных артефактах ХХІ ст., Аналізуються стратегії реалізації політичної метафори body politic, яка активно „працює” у західній культурі з часів античності, у п’єсах сучасних північноамериканських драматургів („Містерія страстей” С. Рул, США, 2010 р. та „Elizabeth Rex” Т.Фіндлі, Канада, 2000 р.). Спираючись на концепцію „двох тіл монарха” (Е. Плоуден, Е. Канторович, М. Акстон, А. Мусолфф, Л. Монтроуз та інші представники „нового історизму”), автор доводить, що у творі С. Рул ця метафора виступає маркером нерозривного зв’язку між концептами влади, сакральності та театральності, тоді як Т. Фіндлі досліджує за її допомогою онтологію статі та гендеру у політично-театральному контексті. Висновується, що стародавня соматична метафора, що зародилася в архаїчних шарах людської психіки, виявляє свій життєздатний рецептивний потенціал, ефективно функціонуючи в культурних артефактах ХХІ століття.

The paper studies the artificial intelligence, the presence of robots, including anthropomorphic androids, endowed with artificial intelligence and using neuro-algorithms in the practices of modern man. The authors analyze the technology of the Internet of things, artificial intelligence in various spheres of modern life ‒ production, education, agriculture, public service and everyday practices. The authors study the problems of android: corporal ‒ aspects of the anthropomorphic appearance and “rational” ‒ possibilities and limitations of consciousness and reflection. The authors research the question of androids’ appearance. They study the question of perception of androids, especially if they look like humans and the features of the phenomenology of the android body. In this regard, the authors highlight the problem of “digital colonialism” ‒ a human consideration of technologies including androids in a utilitarian sense in the context of instrumental rationality. Despite the fact that in the nearest future androids will have characteristics that are almost indistinguishable from humans, and androids’ intellect is in many respects comparable to human ones, a man fails to “see” in robots a full-fledged “subject” or the Other. Phenomenological problem of gender, in relation to the image of the android, remains one of the acute topics, which is rarely discussed. Finally, the authors make assumptions about the place of androids in human and human-machine interactions. They discuss the idea of digital everyday life and the need to build harmonious relationships with the world of technical devices in the future.

In this case, metaphor is regarded in a receptive aspect, as a place of author’s and reader’s dialogic encounter. It is also considered as a subject of reflection that acquires some features of literary being. The article deals with a selective nature of such a structural component of a metaphor as the predicate, as well as emphasizes semantic relativity of a metaphor. Metaphor is viewed as linguistic co-being in relation to being. The paper suggests a description of a conventional algorithm of dialogic perception of a metaphor. It also sets forward an assumption that the immanent assimilation of the text is possible provided it is assigned with the features of a self-sufficient and unconditional reality, which unites both of its basic characteristics (the content and the form) into a single form-content unity, whereas the text sources acquire additional meaning of the context, with which they are interrelated. As for professional reading of the text, the article under studies regards the two interconnected procedures: analysis and interpretation, which may be compared to a dual perception of the object of metaphoric reflection: internal (usage) and external (in a predicative edition). The essence of analysis (reproduction) lies, above all, in its empathic usage in the text, that is in questioning the structural-semantic unity of the text as a peculiar form-content reality, created by demiurgic author’s will and intention. The major point of interpretation is closely associated with reflecting metaphoric codes of the text in recipient’s individual consciousness. In particular, in the circumstances, proposed by the postmodernist image of the world, there take place structural changes in the text itself. Consequently, it leads to a growing role of play rhetoric in the text formation. The figures of this type of rhetoric aim at persuading the reader in text reality as in a mimetic simulacrum, devoid of referential connections., В данном случае метафора рассматривается в рецептивной перспективе как место диалогической встречи автора с читателем и предмет рефлексии, обретающий художественное бытие. Анализируется избирательный характер такого структурного компонента метафоры, как предикат; акцентируется семантическая относительность метафоры. Метафора рассматривается как языковое событие по отношению к бытию. Предлагается описание условного алгоритма диалогического восприятия метафоры. Выдвигается положение, что имманентное освоение текста возможно при условии придания ему характера самодостаточной и безусловной реальности, объединяющей обе его ипостаси, содержание и форму, в формосодержательное единство, а его источникам – вспомогательное значение контекста, с которым текст соотносится. Предметное содержание объекта метафорической рефлексии допускает ограниченное множество предикатных решений. В аспекте профессионального прочтения текста рассматриваются две взаимосвязанные процедуры: анализ и интерпретация, что сопоставимо со сдвоенным видением объекта метафорической рефлексии: изнутри его (вживание) и извне – в предикатной редакции. Суть первой из них, репродуктивной, заключается, прежде всего, в эмпатическом вживании в текст, а именно, в востребовании структурно-семантического единства текста как особой, сотворенной по воле и замыслу демиургического автора формосодержательной реальности. Суть второй (интерпретация) связана с рефлектированием метафорических кодов текста в кругозоре индивидуального сознания реципиента. В частности, в предлагаемых постмодернистским мирообразом обстоятельствах происходят структурные изменения и в самом тексте. Это приводит к повышенному значению в текстопорождении игровой риторики, фигуры которой призваны убедить реципиента в текстовой реальности как миметическом симулякре, лишенном референциальных связей., Метафора розглядається в рецептивній перспективі як місце діалогічної зустрічі автора з читачем і як предмет рефлексії, що набуває художнього буття. Аналізується вибірковий характер предиката –структурного компонента метафори; акцентується семантична відносність метафори. Метафора розглядається як мовне співбуття по відношенню до буття. Пропонується опис умовного алгоритму діалогічного сприйняття метафори. Висувається положення, що іманентне освоєння тексту можливе за умови надання йому характеру самодостатньої і безумовної реальності, яка об’єднує обидві його іпостасі – зміст і форму – в формозмістову єдність, айого джерелам – допоміжного значення контексту, з яким текст співвідноситься. Предметний зміст об’єкта метафоричної рефлексії допускає обмежену множину предикатних рішень. В аспекті професійного прочитання тексту розглядаються дві взаємопов’язані процедури: аналіз і інтерпретація, що можна порівняти зі здвоєним баченням об’єкта метафоричної рефлексії: зсередини (вживання) і ззовні – в предикатній редакції. Суть першої з них, репродуктивної, полягає, насамперед, в емпатичному вживанні в текст, асаме, в запитуванні структурно-семантичної єдності тексту як особливої, створеної з волі і задуму деміургічного автора формозмістової реальності. Суть другої (інтерпретація) пов’язана з рефлектуванням метафоричних кодів тексту в кругозорі індивідуальної свідомості реципієнта. Зокрема, в пропонованих постмодерністським образом світу обставинах відбуваються структурні зміни і в самому тексті. Це призводить до підвищеного значенням в текстопородженні ігрової риторики, фігури якої покликані переконати реципієнта в текстовій реальності як миметичному симулякрі, позбавленому референційних зв’язків.

The paper deals with the knowledge of Moscow students about the processes, institutions of socialization and the subjects of youth policy in Russia. The basis of the empirical base is the sociological study conducted by the authors in April–May 2019 in Moscow. It is noted that students adequately and critically assess the state of modern Russian society and the state, understand the causes of the crisis. The greatest impact on the formation of value orientations of modern Russian youth is provided by the media, family and education institutions. Moreover, the media form both positive and negative benchmarks for young people. Students are aware of the presence of various negative phenomena in the youth environment and show a critical attitude towards them. Comparative analysis with 2013–2017 studies shows that in 2019 the levels of patriotic sentiments among Moscow students and their approval of the activities of political figures, socio-political institutions decreased. The trends of prevalence in the values of young people of consumer orientations, approval of traditionally negative phenomena intensified. This contributes to the desocialization of youth, the manifestation of asocial and unlawful forms of their self-realization, the development of various countercultures, increased conflict tension and aggressiveness of young people, and the growth of extremism in the youth environment. Measures are proposed that increase the social efficiency of the state youth policy of the Russian Federation. The research materials are of interest to specialists involved in the problems of youth socialization and the implementation of state youth policy.

The paper deals with semiotic representation of dis­course treated as a text immersed in a communica­tive situation. In this respect discourse may be an­alyzed from the point of view of 1) its form and content correlation and 2) types of its content. The first approach makes it possible to single out three contextually relevant levels of discourse manifestation: 1) a concrete situationally bound utterance or text, 2) a text genre and 3) a discourse type. The sec­ond approach is aimed at description of semiotically relevant contensive types of discourse. Three types of signs as proposed by Ch. Pierce allow us to de­scribe signal, iconic and symbolic types of discourse corresponding to 1) phatic communion conventions, 2) topic and situation correlation and 3) programs of behavior as implanted in discourse. Three types of sign meaning (semantic, pragmatic and syntactic sign dimensions) as postulated by Ch. Morris focus on 1) the meaning of discourse (its topic), 2) per­sonal and situational characteristics of interactions (non-­assertive components of meaning – emblems, al­legories and symbols – are especially important in this respect), 3) inter­-discourse combinations, cor­relations and evolution patterns. Semiotic modeling of discourse enables us to see its multidimensional nature and describe its structural, topical, social, psy­chological and situational qualities.

The paper provides a review of the case study textbook for university students called 'Urbanistics. Urban economy, development and management' of URAIT Publishers (Moscow). The reviewed book is valuably pro-active in urban policies and assists professional training of students who clearly understand the nature of urbanization processes, the respective findings in the spatial development of the country, its regions and urban planning as such. The textbook is written by a large team of 23 authors representing universities, research and project design institutions. Besides its formal key parameters this state-of-the art teaching guide offers attractive references to YouTube lectures of Russian and world scientists. It appears that students would have been grateful if considerable massifs of training material had been supplemented with 'summaries' of all the textbook chapters helping the authors systematically present their views and helping the students see the logics and key reference points of the course; also if an expanded glossary of main notions had been added. The ambitious task set by the authors in a systemic description of contemporary realia of a city as an object, including contemporary economic theories, problems of population, economy and finance has been basically met. By way of summarizing we can note that the engaged lecturer and a smart student will find the textbook both interesting and useful

This article focuses on gender discourse genesis in the context of both a new feminist movement and the emergence of feminist linguistics. The process of feminist linguistic theory conversion into the feminist social and political practices has also been revealed in the paper. German universities committed to all-European academic cultural tradition differed greatly from other European educational institutions by the number of women in the academic community. The low women representation in German academic environment is due to the following several factors:- academic institutions do not compete with each other for future students;- professionalization of science, achievements in scientific researches have caused the high status of a scientist in the German society, as well as the prestige of the academic career;- the academic career has become attractive for social elites;- the university boom has led to a dramatic increase of the number of female students and the number of women in the academic staff as well.These have resulted in the re-evaluation of a woman’s place and role in the society including the language structures and reflected by the academic discourse practices and notably in the so called geschlechtsgerechte Sprache, i. e. “equity in languages” principles.

The paper covers the issue of the social and cultural adaptation and integration of immigrants into Russian society. It is based on sociological studies that were conducted in Moscow, Penza, and Tambov. The analysis of immigrants’ responses to the study reveals difference between social and cultural adaptation in the metropolis and in cities that are located in other Russian regions. These differences relate to the immigrants’ employment, financial status, attitudes towards the culture and traditions of the host community, as well as their outlook regarding society and the future. We believe that it is important to introduce a long-term targeted program in the areas of education and culture for the purpose of facilitating the further adjustment of the second generation of immigrants. We also emphasize the necessity of involving the government in addressing the issue of integrating immigrants’ cultural values in everyday life into Russian society and culture.

This is an original research paper regarding immigrants’ social and cultural practices within the context of adapting to the host society, in light of said society’s integration potential. Based on the experimental data collected during studies in Moscow, Penza, and Tambov, along with a comparative analysis, we determined that the social and cultural adaptation of immigrants is a multivalent phenomenon. Furthermore, we modeled the social and cultural profile of the average respondent, which varies by region; determined the trends in immigrants’ social attitudes; analyzed their opinions on what future awaits them in Russia; and recorded respondents’ attitudes towards the culture of the host society (Russian society). Sociologists point to the “problem areas” of modern immigration policy. The policy flaws are a fundamental factor that lowers the integration capacity of the host society. We believe that it is essential to design a universal dual-component social and cultural policy for helping immigrants adapt and integrate themselves into society. We think it necessary to design this policy on a step-by-step basis, that prioritizes both individual rights and the cultural traditions of the host society. The effectiveness of its measures should be ensured by developing at least two essential components and including them into the adaptational “program field”: the first component is a system of measures aimed at the gradual familiarization with the Russian language and Russian cultural traditions; while the second component is the creation of the special information-based sociocultural environment of a welcoming host society.

The paper is devoted to the study of the actual topic of the formation and development of communicative-cultural dialogue in the context of continuous segmentation of society. The latter was touched upon by f E. Toffler and it increases both the vertical (intergenerational) and horizontal (social) division. This problem is closely related to another topical issue — the formation of historical memory, without which it is impossible to imagine the unity of the country and public dialogue. The creators of modern multimedia projects have proposed a new communication format, a new way of talking about the past of the country and the world. Game storytelling can be safely called a new type of media text in demand. Research of the projects “1917. Free History” (https://project1917.ru/), “History Map” (https://kartaistorii.ru/), “1968Digital. The year when it all began” (https://1968.digital/ru/main) from the point of view of their genre and functional features, methods of organizing interactive communication and means of influencing the audience allows us to identify the features of their functioning inthe context of the stated problem., Исследование посвящено изучению актуальной темы формирования и развития коммуникативно­культурного диалога в условиях непрерывной сегментации общества, о которой предупреждал еще Э. Тоффлер и которая усиливает как вертикальный (межпоколенческий), так горизонтальный (социальный) разрыв. Эта проблема тесно связана с еще одной актуальной темой — формирование исторической памяти, без чего невозможно представить единство страны и общественный диалог. Создатели современных мультимедийных проектов предложили новый формат коммуникации, новый способ разговора о прошлом страны и мира. Игровой сторителлинг смело можно назвать новым востребованным типом медиатекста. Исследование проектов «1917.Свободная история» (https://project1917.ru/), «Карта истории» (https://kartaistorii.ru/), «1968Digital. Год, когда все началось» (https://1968.digital/ru/main) с точки зрения их жанрово­функциональных особенностей, способов организации интерактивной коммуникации и средств воздействия на аудиторию позволяет выявить особенности их функционирования в контексте заявленной проблемы.

В статье рассматриваются проблемы, с которыми столкнулись при переходе на дистанционный формат обучения из-за введения карантинных мер в связи с распространением COVID-19. При этом именно массовый переход на удаленный формат обучения позволил определить преимущества и почувствовать все недостатки дистанционной формы обучения. Методы исследования. В работе проведены социологические исследования в виде опроса родителей выпускников школ г. Рязани, студентов и преподавателей вуза на предмет удовлетворенности организацией дистанционной формы обучения, а также изменения уровня учебной нагрузки и возможных последствий для качества образования в результате перехода на удаленный формат обучения. По результатам исследования было выявлено, что в дистанционной форме обучения имеются проблемы технического и организационного характера, одними из которых являются перебои в работе онлайн-платформ из-за перегрузки; отсутствие должного программного обеспечения у учащихся, а также отсутствие прямого очного контакта между обучающимися и преподавателем; требование жесткой самодисциплины, мотивации. Проведенное исследование позволило сделать вывод о том, что дистанционная форма образования в современном ее виде ведет к снижению качества подготовки студентов высших учебных заведений и учащихся школ. Для повышения эффективности дистанционного образования необходимо активизировать работу по разработке новых образовательных стандартов, по применению новых методов и инструментов преподавания., The article discusses the problems encountered during the transition to the distance learning format due to the introduction of quarantine measures for Covid-19. At the same time, it was the mass transition to a remote learning format that allowed us to determine the advantages and feel all the disadvantages of distance learning. Research methods. In this paper, we conducted sociological research in the form of a survey among parents of school leavers in Moscow. Students and teachers of the university of Ryazan on their satisfaction with the organization of distance learning, on the change in the level of academic load and on the possible consequences for the quality of education due to the transition to a remote learning format. According to the results of the study, problems of distance learning of a technical and organizational nature were identified, among which are: interruptions in the operation of online platforms due to overload; the lack of proper software for students, as well as the lack of direct face-to-face contact between students and the teacher; the requirement of strict self-discipline, motivation. The study made it possible to draw the conclusion that the distance form of education in its current implementation leads to a decrease in the quality of training of students of higher educational institutions and school students. To improve the effectiveness of distance education, it is necessary to intensify work on the development of new educational standards, on the application of new methods and tools of teaching.

This theoretical study advocates strongly for clear differentiation and synthesis of descriptive and normative approaches in management education. There is a certain isolation of normative and descriptive theoretical frameworks presented in management courses. Normative models in management explain how organizations should be managed, while descriptive frameworks show how they actually are managed. Significant portions of what we teach in the business curriculum are predominantly descriptive; other parts are mostly normative, or prescriptive. If these domains are not sufficiently connected, the relevance of both approaches diminishes. When one piece of material explains the current reality without providing tools to improve it, while another piece prescribes steps for improvement that are not grounded in a particular context, students lose interest in both. The paper presents various modes of integration between two realms such as collocation of actual and desired conditions, contingency models, nesting descriptive and normative elements in the same framework.

Introduction. The article presents the analysis of the practice of organizing collective works and duties in the traditional community of Don Cossacks. The relevance of the research is due to both small exploration degree of this problem and possibilities of using some traditional forms of organizing working community life in modern conditions. Methods and materials. The base of the article is the analysis of periodic printing data of the late 19th century and ethnographic expeditions of the 20th – early 21st centuries. The paper presents the practice analysis of organizing collective works and social duties in the traditional community of Don Cossacks. Different varieties of field works, hunting, neighbour mutual help in constructing houses and preparing products for winter, improving settlements, maintaining churches etc. were related to collective works and duties. Such duties as keeping horse producing herds, being on duty at stanitsa administration, convoying, securing settlements were determined by the features of the Cossack militarized mode of life. Social works and duties were distributed by sex and age. Analysis and Results. By the structure and functions revealing this practices and by analyzing people’s terms for their designation the author determines that the most part of these works and duties (in view of their social importance and ways of organizing, and due to the connection with the term of common share) were related more to the sacral scope than the profane one and in fact represented varieties of rite forms. Such attitude to the labor sphere of life was connected with shared worldviews of Cossacks, their ideas about harmonically arranged social life. The relevance of the presented materials is determined by small exploration degree of this problem and possibilities of using some traditional forms of organizing working community life in modern conditions.

To date, comparatively little empirical research has been done on Generation Z globally, and the studies that do exist, while informative, have arrived at different, often loosely tied, conclusions. Seeing as how Generation Z is in the process of joining the professional workforce, it is important for decision makers to understand this generation’s value differences and cultural orientation in order to mitigate intergenerational conflicts and ensure a productive workforce going forward. China, meanwhile, is a rising superpower, and its Generation Z will have a significant impact globally. With the generational mix at work changing to accommodate this new generation, this paper presents a critique of current empirical research on this topic in a cross-cultural context and offers recommendations regarding future research directions as these relate to generational shift in China and other non-Western contexts. It is only by better understanding Generation Z that organizations can develop strategies and policies that will ensure a productive, profitable and collaborative environment in the future, one that better takes into account this newest generation’s needs and outlook.

Introduction. The formation of information society is followed, on the one hand, by unprecedented acceleration of rates of scientific and technological progress, and on the other – by activisation of sociocultural communications, which have to be focused on the ideas of respect for an individual and his or her rights, cooperation and assistance, tolerance and mutual understanding based on dialogical relations between subjects of communication (both between specific individuals and social groups). In the light of the contemporary realities, such an important component of socialisation of an individual as education in its traditional form, formed within the framework of the monological type of communications, ceases to meet the requirements of the present day. There many changes. In particular, the ideas of directive presentation of disciplines, domination of a teacher at classes, the understanding of professionalism of a specialist as having mastered a fixed amount of knowledge fall into the background. The aim of the paper was to justify the need for a gradual transition to personally-oriented teaching by introducing a dialogical teaching model into the higher education system. Methodology and research methods. The work on the article was carried out on the basis of comparative analysis and generalisation of modern scientific literature on the problems and specifics of theoretical justification and practical application of the dialogical model of education in the educational process; as well as comparison of the already established monological educational paradigm with a conceptually new approach to the learning process. Results and scientific novelty. Today, education is increasingly beginning to be recognised as a priority area of investment in people. It is stated that an urgent task at the nowadays period of the reforming of Russian education and our society in whole is the education of a creative and responsible person with communicative culture. This means that the educational process must be reoriented from the formal reproduction of concepts, techniques and ways of thinking to development of creative thinking of students. The wide application of such productive forms of pedagogical communication as educational dialogue and educational discussion will contribute to the problem solution. The most researchers who addressed this issue repeatedly pointed out that no new information and communication technologies can replace the teacher’s lively dialogue with students. Only by acquiring a real experience in the introduction of dialogue, students will be able to get professional skills and the ability to constantly self-education. The practice of dialogue promotes the development of a critical attitude to what others have said and the transformation of one’s own criticism into self-reflection. The problematic nature of the concept of “dialogue” is considered. The concept is not reduced to any one educational paradigm, and its content is generated directly in the course of pedagogical communication. Thus, in order to not get a mass consumer form a “mosaic” culture but to educate a competent specialist and a socially responsible person (the author of the act, according to Mikhail M. Bakhtin), it is necessary to shift the emphasis in the educational process from the monologic type of communication to the dialogical one, intelligently combining both approaches and avoiding absolutisation on the latter, which threatens to slide towards a thoughtless pseudo-dialogue. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used as a methodological basis for the development and practical implementation of the dialogical model of education in the system of higher education.

The relevance of the research work is due to the fact that the ideal family model strategy is becoming an integral component of the family and demographic policies. The need to revive the traditional family model and family values forms the conceptual basis for the government family strategy in Russia. However, in most cases, the measures taken by legislative and executive authorities to support the institution of the family do not rely on evidence-based results of empirical research. The subject of the research is the establishment of the value of family and family life in the system of life values of Russians. The purpose of the research was to identify the specific features of the attitude towards the family and the ideal family model in different population groups in Russia using the methods of multivariate statistical analysis. The results of the sample study conducted in the framework of the RFBR grant 15–02–00203 “Development of a methodology for statistical evaluation of demographic security in the context of globalization” covering 728 people constitute the information base of the paper. Data of demographic statistics and population censuses testify to the transformation of the family model and the demographic behavior of Russians. Families are differentiated by the number of children; nuclear families dominate in the family structure; with the growth of marriage birth rates in recent years, a significant proportion of children are born out of wedlock. The age of mothers giving birth tends to increase. The results of the study demonstrate the diversity of the views of Russians on a desired family model and suggest that the traditional family with clearly defined patriarchal intra-family roles does not gather majority support among Russians. The use of statistical analysis methods (factor analysis, two-stage cluster analysis, an objectives tree) made it possible to identify groups of characteristics reflecting traditional and modern family values. It is concluded that the choice of a desired family model is determined by the life strategy accepted by Russians. For a large part of Russians, the family is primarily a psychological haven. Meanwhile, in society there is a variety of opinions on the model of family life, and an effective family policy must take into account this diversity.

The challenges of the digital revolution need critical rethinking the usual functions of the university libraries and to establish what characteristics it must have in order to adapt effectively to the new technological situation.The article analyzes the reasons for the frequent lack of demand by researchers of digitized textual heritage and presents the idea of a problem-thematic online resource “Reconstructing the Reader: a Rare Book Collection in the Regional Cultural Landscape” developed by the Laboratory for Library and Communicative Studies (Tomsk State University).Conceptually, its implementation aims at overcoming the positivistic approach to the library as a “repository of information on paper and electronic medium”, and in practice — at identifying the ways to integrate the university libraries into a new format of scientific knowledge and scholarly communications.

The article analyzes the epic story by A. Solzhenitsyn “One day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich” (1959), its typological ties with the “new prison camp prose” presented in the novels by G. Yakhina (“Zuleykha opens her eyes”, 2015), Z. Prilepin (“The Abode”, 2014), and E. Vodolazkin (“The Aviator”, 2016). The classical non-fiction “prison camp prose” depicts the camp world through the prism of personal experience of the author: from F. Dostoyevsky to A. Solzhenitsyn and V. Shalamov. The “new prison camp prose” stories are deprived of such perspective – they have the character of existential enlightenment. The study shows that one of the structure-forming motifs in the above mentioned texts is the motif of “the naked person” which remains to be urgent just because it brings the reader closer to understanding the ontology of the person who is deprived even of a cross worn on his neck and who is robbed of protection of all man-made gods. The paper presents the history of the embodiment of the image of the “naked man” in the domestic literature: from the literature of the 17th century to avant-garde and postmodernism; it is shown how the relations between the world of reality and the “pitch-black world” (the world of hell, camp), in which bareness and poverty are its charisma, were formed. The “new prison camp prose” continues to explore the mechanisms of preservation of self-identity under unbearable conditions; and the theme of the “naked person” acquires new shades. What is important here is not the chain of events, not the plot, but the emotional perception of what is happening, which gives the prison camp past a modern ring. The starting point of narration in the “new prison camp prose” is shifted. The detached position of the narrator allows introducing expression, adventure elements, love affair, and the like into the text. The idea of irrevocability of punishment is replaced by a desire to understand the causes of human tolerance, indifference to one’s own fate, the nature of evil, and the origins of internal resilience. The authors explore the prospect of reconciliation of the nation opening on the basis of repentance and mercy. This kind of literature is engaged in looking for the ways and means to fight the “pitch-black world”: from belief in God to Culture and Memory.

This article is a continuation of the study on linguodidactics discourse, which focuses on the problems of modern language education in Japan. The purpose of this study is to examine the processes of interaction between the global West-oriented and local Japanese English-language linguo-didactic discourse in the educational space of Japan, as well as to identify conflict areas arising in the process of this interaction. The problem of interaction of these discourses is considered by the author on the material of the terms relating to the basic category of linguodidactics, namely to the category “Teacher.” It is assumed that the analysis of terms in this category will determine common areas and differences in interest of the authors of discourses - native speakers and non-native English speakers, as well as identify the key provisions and problems in modern language education in Japan. In this paper, discourse analysis is carried out on the basis of three-aspect analysis of the linguo-didactic term. This method of analysis allows to conduct an interdisciplinary study involving the sphere of discourse analysis, terminology and intercultural communication. Particular attention is paid to the identification and analysis of the key problems of interaction of the discourses under consideration, such as the problem of interaction between a native English teacher and a Japanese English teacher; the problem of professional development of a Japanese teacher; the problem of communicative English language teaching in Japan.

Introduction. In today’s globalising world, science acquires a crucial importance: integrating humanity within the framework of solving global problems, it becomes one of the leading factors in social development, facilitating work and diversifying leisure time, as well as serving as an instrument of transformations in the political sphere. Undoubtedly, the social aspects of contemporary science are capturing the attention of a huge number of researchers. However, it is not clear that all areas of the sociology of science treat the object of their study in the same way.Aim. A lack of reflection on the unity or otherwise in the understanding of the essence of science in the various fields of sociological research makes it difficult to compare different theories of the institutional, cultural, social and communicative contexts of scientific development. An urgent methodological task therefore consists in developing an understanding of the various definitions of the concept of “science” used in the framework of contemporary sociological analysis of this phenomenon.Results and scientific novelty. In this paper, two dominant sociological views on science – as an experimental-mathematical approach to cognising the world and as a system of representations in general – are compared. We conclude that while researchers studying institutional aspects of science tend to interpret it in terms of the “heritage” of post-Enlightenment European rationalism, constructionist and communicatively-oriented researchers tend to approach science as the system of knowledge and cognition that is formed in any human society, having its own specific sociocultural features in each respective case. While each of these two approaches undoubtedly has its own methodological potential, in order to provide such a diverse field of studies with a common ground, it would be necessary to balance them with a third aspect. We argue that this balancing role, since both common for all mankind and unique for every culture, could be played by Heidegger’s conceptualisation of science as “the theory of the real”.Practical significance. In order to avoid a pluralism of incompatible theories, it is important to continually pose the question “what is the object of study when conducting a sociological study of various scientific phenomena?” – as well as to understand the “limits of applicability” of the particular interpretation of science on which basis sociological analysis proceeds.

The paper examines the questions of forensic examination of state, departmental and other awards and decorations, including orders, medals and honorary badges. Investigation of such items is usually organized along a comprehensive framework that draws on specialized knowledge from such diverse fields as forensic metal analysis, forensic gemology, historical and cultural analysis, toolmark analysis, and forensic commodity evaluation. Basic methodological provisions are discussed, along with the possibilities of each forensic discipline when applied to the examination of these types of evidence, and required expert qualifications.

Introduction. A historical overview is often quite useful in search for answers to some pressing issues. Learning from others can also help to cope with separate current problems. One of such problems encountered by modern Russian professional education is restoration and consolidation of its practice orientation through selection of an appropriate content and upbringing of youth in the course of pre-employment process. A considerable variety of material in this regard has been accumulated over the last several centuries in Germany.The aim of this paper was to analyse the cause-and-effect relationships of developmental priorities in the German professional pedagogy during the 18th – early 20th centuries.Methodology and research methods. System and comparative approaches were used as main methodological tools. The leading method was a comparative retrospective analysis, which allowed the authors to compare various scientific resources. In addition, the approaches of goal-setting and formalisation of expected results were applied. The content analysis and systematisation of documents and other historical and pedagogical resources were employed. In view of information extensiveness, the selection was compiled with the principle of necessity and sufficiency, i. e. reduction of excess data when maintaining the completeness of facts for continued use.Results and scientific novelty. The stages of formation and development of labour school were identified according to the ideas of the German scientists and the educational practice accepted in Germany during the considered historical period. The main directions of training through activity were characterised: philanthropinism, manualism, professionalism and activism. The influence of social and economic conditions on formation and transformation of various educational concepts was demonstrated, which constant despite everything was a combination of fundamental and applied components of vocational training. The continuity of pedagogical theory and practice of the past in the modern system of the German professional education was shown.Practical significance. The findings obtained by the Russian-German research team can be useful when developing and implementing flexible and adaptive differentiated curricula into modern vocational education in Russia.

В данной работе рассматривается, как облик общества определяют первичные психические свойства человека. Обоснован тезис, что футурологические прогнозы и социологические проекты управления обществом имеют наибольшую эффективность при учѐте атрибутивных свойств индивидуумов, слагающих общество. Из этого следует отрицание структур, навязывающих обществу несвойственную ему симметрию (заставив термитов складывать термитник в форме звезды, мы увидим, что эффективность их труда упадѐт). Если общество имеет симметрию, соответствующую первичным свойством индивидуумов, то каждый имеет максимальную свободу осуществления своих первичных побуждений, или достижение счастья. Именно это, а не количество потребленных благ, как это декларируется в концепции «общества потребления», является, по представлениям авторов, конечным социальным благом., This paper examines how the image of society is determined by the primary psychological attributes of an individual. The thesis is substantiated that futurological forecasts and sociological projects of society management are most effective when taking into account the attributive properties of individuals who make up society. This implies the rejection of structures that impose an uncharacteristic symmetry on society (by forcing termites to fold a termite mound in the shape of a star, we will see that their performance will decrease). If society has a symmetry corresponding to the primary attributes of individuals, then everyone will have the maximum freedom to exercise their primary motives, or to achieve happiness. It is this, and not the amount of goods consumed, as it is declared in the concept of consumer society, is the ultimate social good according to the authors of the article., Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 4 (106) 2021, Pages 156-158

В статье на основе теории концептуальной метафоры рассматриваются метафорические единицы из Белой книги "Меры Китая по противостоянию коронавирусной эпидемии". The White Paper of the People's Republic of China "China's Measures to Counter the Coronavirus Epidemic" is an important official document that summarizes the experience of combating the COVID-19 epidemic in China.

В статье описываются случаи употребления императивных форм в неимперативных значениях в различных диалектах эвенкийского языка на материале корпуса текстов. Рассмотрено два значения: интенсивное действие и целевое/имя действия. Во втором случае можно говорить о новой форме, которая отличается от стандартного императива отсутствием сингармонизма в показателе. Рассматриваются гипотезы развития этих значений., The paper deals with imperative forms in non-imperative meanings in the dialects of the Evenki language. The research is based on the analysis of corpus data. The meanings considered are intensive action and purpose/name of the action. The second one gives birth to a new form, which is distinct from the standard imperative form as it has no vowel harmony in its affix. In conclusion, I consider various hypotheses on the origin of these forms.

Работа принадлежит общей области социологии питания. В ней представлены результаты исследования повседневных практик питания пожилых людей. На основе эмпирического исследования в Санкт-Петербурге и Ленинградской обл. (телефонный опрос 516 респондентов; глубинные интервью) собрана информация по следующим тематическим блокам: приобретение продуктов питания пожилыми людьми, правильное питание, употребление экологически чистых и здоровых продуктов питания, организация питания и вкусы, употребления алкоголя и вредные привычки в питании, диеты и ограничения в питании, физическая активность, посещение предприятий общественного питания, ежедневные меню и гастрономические предпочтения. В рамках дискуссии представлен гастрономический портрет пожилого человека, проведен сравнительный анализ практик питания пожилых людей, молодежи и лиц среднего возраста. Определены основные проблемы в питании пожилых людей, намечены пути их решения., The paper belongs to the general field of nutritional sociology. It presents the data of a study of everyday nutrition practices of older people. Based on an empirical study, held in St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Oblast Region (telephone survey of 516 respondents; in-depth interviews), information is given on the following thematic blocks: the purchase of food items by older people; proper nutrition, the consumption of healthy foods; eating out and tastes; alcohol consumption and unhealthy eating habits; diets and dietary restrictions, physical activity; visiting cafes and restaurants; daily menus and gastronomic preferences. As part of the discussion, a gastronomic portrait of an elderly person is presented. A comparative analysis of nutrition practices of the elderly, young people and middle-aged people is held. The main problems in the nutrition of the elderly are identified; ways to solve them are outlined as well., Успехи геронтологии, Выпуск 5 2021, Pages 879-884

Теория вежливости и невежливости является в настоящее время одним из актуальных междисциплинарных направлений исследований, развивающихся на стыке лингвопрагматики, социолингвистики, психолингвистики, дискурс-анализа, когнитивной лингвистики и теории коммуникации. Междисциплинарный подход к изучению категорий вежливости и невежливости позволил по-новому посмотреть на их функционирование и роль в коммуникации, а также проследить их связь со смежными явлениями. Цель статьи — уточнить соотношение вежливости, невежливости, формальности, неформальности и грубости, рассматриваемых в дискурсивно-прагматическом ракурсе, охарактеризовать типы не/вежливости и их функции. Показана необходимость рассматривать вежливость и невежливость на прагматическом уровне с учетом контекста и восприятия высказывания адресатом. С использованием иллюстративных примеров из русского, английского и испанского языков обосновывается необходимость различать вежливость и формальность, невежливость и грубость, поскольку между ними нет полного соответствия. РЕЗЮМЕ Теория вежливости и невежливости является в настоящее время одним из актуальных междисциплинарных направлений исследований, развивающихся на стыке лингвопрагматики, социолингвистики, психолингвистики, дискурс-анализа, когнитивной лингвистики и теории коммуникации. Междисциплинарный подход к изучению категорий не/вежливости позволил по-новому посмотреть на их функционирование и роль в коммуникации. Цель статьи – уточнить некоторые вопросы, касающиеся взаимоотношений вежливости, невежливости, формальности, неформальности и грубости, рассматриваемых в дискурсивно-прагматическом ракурсе, охарактеризовать типы не/вежливости и их функции. Показана необходимость различать вежливость и невежливость на семантическом и прагматическом уровнях с учетом контекста и восприятия высказывания адресатом. С использованием иллюстративных примеров из русского, английского и испанского языков обосновывается необходимость различать понятия «вежливость» и «формальность», «невежливость» и «грубость», поскольку между ними нет полного соответствия., The theory of politeness and impoliteness is currently one of the relevant interdisciplinary areas of research developing at the intersection of pragmatics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, discourse analysis, cognitive linguistics and communication theory. An interdisciplinary approach to the study of im/politeness makes it possible to take a fresh look at its functioning and role in communication as well as to highlight their correlation with adjacent categories. The aim of the article is to clarify the relationship between politeness, impoliteness, formality, informality and rudeness, in perspective of discourse-pragmatics, to characterize the types of im/politeness and their functions. Illustrating with examples from Russian, English and Spanish the paper shows the need to distinguish between politeness and impoliteness at the semantic and pragmatic levels, taking into account the context and perception of the utterance by the addressee. The necessity of distinguishing between politeness and formality, impoliteness and rudeness is substantiated.

Данная статья посвящена актуальному вопросу влияния менталитета и национального характера на особенности мышления народа и, как следствие, на особенности текстопостроения. Данные особенности текстопостроения автор статьи именует национально-обусловленным дискурсивным паттерном и дает ему определение. Для определения особенностей национально-обусловленного дискурсивного паттерна носителей русского языка был проведен сравнительный анализ письменных работ русскоязычных учащихся, написанных ими как на русском, так и на английском языках. Выделение особенностей дискурсивного паттерна велось на основе ряда типологий национально-обусловленных видов мышления, а также некоторых национальных чертах носителей русского языка, выявленных различными исследователями в области культурологии и этнопсихологии. Описанные в статье характеристики национально-обусловленного дискурсивного паттерна носителей русского языка имеют большое значение для лингводидактики, так как преподаватели английского языка должны учитывать данные характеристики при обучении русскоязычных учащихся письменной речи на английском языке., The article deals with the currently important issue of the influence of mentality and national character on peculiarities of a nation’s mindset, and as a result on the peculiarities of text-building procedure. The author calls such peculiarities of text-building procedure “nationally determined discourse pattern” and gives its definition. In order to identify the peculiarities of the nationally determined discourse pattern typical for Russian-speaking people the author conducted the comparative analysis of Russian-speaking students’ papers, written both in Russian and in English. The process of identifying the features of the discourse pattern was based on a number of typologies of nationally determined mindsets and some national features of Russian people, which were described by several researchers in the spheres of culturology and ethno-psychology. The features of Russian people’s discourse pattern described in the article appear to be very important in teaching foreign languages, since teachers of English have to take these features into consideration while teaching Effective Writing in English to Russian-speaking students.

The article uses the model of classical, non-classical and post-non-classical rationality. Post-non-classics is defined in the perspective of increasing the dependence of the object of Science on its method; the paper also analyzes the subjectivity of a new type in the modern theory of knowledge. On the basis of the undertaken analysis, the conclusion is made about the adequacy of phenomenological sociology of a new type of paradigmality — both its General worldview principles and transformations of the social theory itself. Thus, it is shown that phenomenological sociology makes a significant contribution to overcoming the extremes of mentalism and behaviorism in the explanation of human actions by social theory; from the point of view of the General ideological orientation, phenomenology outlines a new vector of relations between natural science and humanitarian knowledge.

Решая вопрос о целесообразности распространенной в традиционной культуре коренных народов Севера практики отделения и хранения голов животных, автор сопоставляет интерпретации тех исследователей, которые полагают, что отсеченные головы являются объектом поклонения, и тех, которые утверждают, что такие головы сами являются приносимой духам жертвой. В статье указывается, что отсеченная с ритуальными целями голова почитается представителями коренных народов Севера как материальная собственность духа-реципиента. Жертвоприношение понимается носителями традиций не как некий прием, помогающий выразить свое почитание по отношению к духу, а как способ поглощения духом жертвы или обретение возможности доминирования над нею. Практическая целесообразность собирания голов и совершения обрядов перед ними определяется тем обстоятельством, что принесение жертвы духам способно, по мнению отправителей обрядов, обеспечить их благосостояние., The author compares the interpretation of those researchers who believe that severed heads are objects of worship, and those who claim that the heads themselves are sacrifi ced to spirits. The paper proves that the head cut off for ritual purposes is revered by the indigenous peoples of the North as material property of a spirit, similar to the ritual plasticity and functionally comparable to it. Sacrifi ce is perceived by bearers of the tradition not as a way to express their respect for a spirit, but as a way to allow the spirit to absorb the victim and even to gain the ability of dominating over it. The practical expediency of collecting heads and performing rites before them is determined by the fact that making a sacrifi ce to the spirits who have taken possession of the heads can, in the opinion of the senders of the rites, ensure their welfare., Университетский научный журнал, Выпуск 57 2020

Статья посвящена анализу фейковых новостей, которые функционируют в различных типах дискурса: рекламном, политическом, научном и др. На основе нескольких определений фейков авторы выделяют характерологические признаки мистифицированного сообщения: медиапространство как среда бытования; противопостав-ление истинной и ложной информации. Отмечается, что особенностью фейковых новостей является то, что они «мимикрируют» под истинные сообщения и строятся по тому же принципу, что и «жесткая новость». Важным при этом является умение отличать ложные новости от истинных, базируясь на определенных линг-вистических механизмах: вплетение в «текстовую ткань» событий, которые не имели места или оценка ко-торых детерминирована аксиологическими установками акторов политической коммуникации; анонимная атрибуция, то есть отсутствие конкретных имен и фамилий людей, предоставивших данную информацию; тенденциозное цитирование мнения третьей стороны без указания имени и должности автора цитаты; наве-шивание «ярлыков», когда для характеристики политического лидера и его деятельности используются оце-ночные номинации; экстраполяция выводов по конкретной проблеме на более широкую геополитическую ситу-ацию; использование догадок и домыслов при оценке сложившейся ситуации; обсуждение политических собы-тий текущего периода на фоне широкого исторического контекста; предположение и желание представить ситуацию в выгодном для оппонентов ключе; нагнетание обстановки и прогнозирование возможного развития событий по деструктивному сценарию. Описываются факторы, от которых зависит распространение фей-ковых новостей, и даются советы по распознаванию ложной информации., The paper analyses fake news which function in the framework of different types of discourse: advertising, political, scientific, etc. On the basis of some definitions of fake news, the authors single out the specific features of a hoax message: media-space as the sphere of the fake news’ existence and the juxtaposition of the true and false information. It is pointed out that one of the peculiarities of fake news is that it imitates genuine news and is built on the same principles as “hard” news. The main thing here is the ability to distinguish between false and true news based on certain linguistic mechanisms: insertion into the text of events which didn’t exist or evaluation of which is determined by the axiological priorities of the political communication actors; anonymous attribution, i.e. the absence of concrete names of the people who have provided information; biased citation of a third party’s opinion without indicating the name and the title of the quotation author; labeling, when a political leader or their activity is characterized via evaluative nominations; extrapo-lation of conclusions on a topic on a broader geopolitical situation; using speculations and suppositions to estimate the current situation; discussing current event on the broad historical background; suppositions and the desire to present the situation to the opponents’ advantage; whipping up tension and forecasting the possible development of events ac-cording to a destructive scenario. The article describes the factors influencing fake news dissemination and gives advice how to spot fake news in mass media., Политическая лингвистика, Issue № 2 (80), Pages 77-82

Спорт вызывает ряд ярких и сильных эмоций не только у зрителя, но и у всех участников спортивного действия. Эмотивность является составляющей коммуникативной функции языка и позволяет говорящему выразить свои эмоции, чувства, впечатления. В современной лингвистике большое внимание уделяется различным видам дискурса. Одной из актуальных задач лингвистики последних лет является поиск методов исследования институциональных дискурсов, которые дадут возможность подробно изучить структуру дискурсов, социальные, ментальные, культурные особенности спортивного общения. В данной работе рассматривается спортивный дискурс и его непосредственные участники: спортивные арбитры. В статье анализируется первый судейский опыт двух хоккейных представителей престижных хоккейных лиг — Континентальной хоккейной лиги и Национальной хоккейной лиги. Проводится детальный разбор речи следующих профессионалов спортивной сферы: Эдуарда Одиньша и Грега Деворски. Описываются лингвистические и экстралингвистические особенности речи информантов. Материалом для анализа послужили интервью спортивных судей в русскоязычном и англоязычном СМИ. Интервью считается одним из основных информационных жанров в журналистской деятельности. Приводятся характеристики когнитивного опыта рассматриваемых личностей в спортивной сфере. Результаты анализа помогают составить коллективный языковой образ личности хоккейного арбитра. В статье представлен обзор современных способов анализа спортивного дискурса, которые были использованы при исследовании отрывков интервью. Так как дискурс является сложным и неоднозначным явлением, мы использовали следующие виды анализа в своей работе: неформализованный анализ (включающий в себя структурный и стилистический анализы), метод дискурс-анализа (метод лингвистического анализа)., Sport evokes a number of bright and powerful emotions not only in a viewer, but also in all participants of sports events. Emotivity is a component of the communicative function of language and allows the speaker to express their emotions, feelings and impressions. In modern linguistics, a lot of attention is being given to various types of discourse. One of the most important tasks of modern linguistics is to find methods for studying institutional discourses, which would make it possible to investigate the structure of discourses and the social, mental, and cultural features of sports communication in detail. This paper deals with the sports discourse and its participants: sports officials. The article presents the first refereeing experience of two ice hockey representatives of prestigious ice hockey leagues — the Kontinental Hockey League and the National Hockey League. The article carries out a detailed analysis of the speech of two sports officials – Eduard Odin'sh and Greg Devorski. The article focuses on the linguistic and extra-linguistic features of professional speech of these informants. The material under analysis includes interviews with these sports referees in the Russian-language and English-language media. Interview is considered to be one of the main information genres in journalism. The authors characterize the cognitive experience of these personalities in the field of sports. The results of this analysis help create a collective linguistic image of the hockey official's personality. The article presents an overview of modern methods of analyzing sports discourse which were used in the study of interview fragments. Since discourse is a complex and ambivalent phenomenon, the authors used the following types of analysis in their work: non-formal analysis (which includes structural and stylistic analyses), and the method of discourse analysis (the method of linguistic analysis)., Политическая лингвистика, Issue № 2 (80), Pages 144-150

В статье на материале текстов предвыборных программ президентских выборов 2018 г. рассматриваются средства репрезентации концепта "Россия" в политическом дискурсе., The article studies the means of representation of the concept "Russia" in the texts of political discourse. The aim of the article is to systematize and describe these verbal means. The article employs the method of conceptual analy-sis that involves complex consideration of the concept name - the lexeme "Russia". The paper analyzes its etymological, historical, semantical, contextual, grammatical, paradigmatical and derivational aspects., Политическая лингвистика, Issue № 4 (82), Pages 32-39

Одно из актуальных направлений современной политической лингвистики — составление речевых портретов политических лидеров. Политическая лингвоперсонология позволяет рассматривать языковую личность поли-тика с двух позиций: как конкретного автора высказываний с рядом характеристик (характер, интересы, мотивы) и как типичного представителя той или иной лингвокультуры. В данной работе анализируются выступления президента США Д. Трампа с целью составить его речевой портрет. Анализ сконцентрирован на вербально-семантическом уровне языковой личности (базовом, включающем лексикон). Выступления Д. Трампа наполнены чувством патриотизма, часто наблюдается обращение к национальным американским ценностям — демократии, свободе, свободе личности, правам человека. Выступления политика изобилуют лексическими повторами и редупликацией, которые чаще всего используются для привлечения внимания аудитории к какому-либо факту действительности или c целью убеждения реципиента и акцентирования внимания на каком-то определенном предмете. Часто Д. Трамп прибегает к тактике высказывания благодарности. Другое средство интимизации коммуникативной ситуации — частотное употребление фразовых глаголов. Для усиления эмоционального воздействия, особенно во время проведения дебатов, задействуется не вписывающаяся в традиции политического дискурса бранная лексика. Как правило, публичные выступления президента США эмоционально окрашены, в том числе за счет метафор и эпитетов. Таким образом, Дональд Трамп проявляет себя как сильный оратор, способный дискредитировать оппонента речеязыковыми приемами, создающий о себе впечатление как о человеке, близком к народу; апелляция к ключевым американским ценностям способствует достижению поставленных президентом политических целей., One of the urgent research areas of modern political linguistics deals with constructing verbal portraits of political leaders. Political linguopersonology allows studying the linguistic personality of a politician from two perspectives: as a concrete author of certain utterances with a number of personal characteristic features (temper, interests, motives) and as a typical representative of a certain linguoculture. This paper analyzes public speeches of the US President D. Trump with the purpose of making up his verbal portrait. The analysis focuses on the verbal-semantic level of the linguistic personality (basic one, including the lexicon). Trump’s public speeches are full of the feeling of patriotism and contain numerous appeals to the traditional American values – democracy, freedom, personal freedoms and human rights. The speeches abound in lexical repetition and reduplication, which are most frequently used to attract the audience’s attention to a certain fact of reality, or to convince the recipient and to focus their attention on a certain object. Trump often uses the tactics of thanking. Another means of intimization of the communicative situation consists in frequent usage of phrasal verbs. In order to reinforce the emotional impact, especially during debates, Trump resorts to invective vocabulary, traditionally avoided in political discourse. As a rule, Trump’s public speeches have an emotional coloring, and specifically due to the abundance of metaphors and epithets. Thus, D. Trump positions himself as a powerful public speaker capable to discredit the opponent by speech and language techniques, who can create the feeling of his being close to the people. His appeal to the key traditional American values facilitates the achievement of the political goals set by the American president., Политическая лингвистика, Issue № 2 (80), Pages 105-110

В статье рассматривается идея создания условий для личностного и профессионального развития студентов, которая может быть реализована в системе высшего образования. Данная идея связана с персонифицированным обучением, при реализации которого обучающиеся выступают активными соучастниками своей образовательной деятельности. Рассмотрены особенности стратегического характера персонифицированного обучения к профессиональной подготовке в вузе, которые проявляются в индивидуальном, персональном и персонифицированном подходе. Приведен опыт института педагогики РГПУ им. А. И. Герцена по реализации персонифицированной профессиональной подготовки обучающихся., The article discusses the idea of creating conditions for personal and professional development of students, which can be implemented in the system of higher education. This idea is associated with personalised training, in which students are active partners in their educational activities. The authors consider strategic features of personified vocational training at university, which are manifested in the individual, personalised and personified approaches. The paper describes the experience of the Institute of Pedagogy of Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia in personalised training of students., Научное мнение, Выпуск 6 2020

Настоящая статья посвящена вопросу применения образовательных ресурсов городского пространства в процессе реализации внеаудиторных практических занятий по изобразительному искусству для студентов китайских вузов. В статье решается проблема актуальности и значения ресурсов города для системы художественного образования. Целью работы является определение потенциала и перспектив развития данной сферы, а также выявление проблем, требующих своевременного решения научной общественности., The paper is devoted to the use of educational resources of urban space in extracurricular practical courses in fine arts for students of Chinese universities. The article solves the problem of relevance and significance of a city’s resources for the artistic education system. The purpose of the work is to determine the potential and opportunities for the development of this field, as well as to identify problems that require timely solutions from the scientific community., Научное мнение, Выпуск 11 2020

Статья посвящена вопросам типологии жанров камерновокальной музыки Китая последних десятилетий. Отмечается широкое распространение песенно-романсовых жанров в творчестве современных композиторов, выясняются различия между художественной песней, жанром цы (стихи, исполняемые нараспев), школьной песней, ариями из китайской драмы и другими разновидностями вокальных жанров. На отдельных примерах устанавливаются особенности синтеза элементов европейской музыки с традиционными приемами исполнения., This paper is devoted to the typology of Chinese chamber music genres in recent decades. The author notes many kinds of songs with romantic colors in the works of contemporary composers, clarifi es the difference between art songs, Ci (poetry) songs, school songs, Chinese drama arias and other vocal music types. With certain examples, the characteristics of using traditional performance techniques to synthesize European musical elements are described., Университетский научный журнал, Выпуск 57 2020

Автор обращается к философскому осмыслению танца посредством системного изложения различных подходов к его пониманию в разработанном курсе «Философия танца», изучаемому на уровне магистратуры по направлению «Хореографическое искусство». Рассматривается освоение теоретических и практических навыков смыслообразования средствами хореографического искусства в системе индивидуального и социального самопознания. Изучение танца с философской точки зрения дает возможность увидеть многие факты в его видовой структуре и истории развития в целом. Особое значение имеет расширение и углубление мировоззренческого и исследовательского интереса магистрантов к современным историко-философским и эстетическим оценкам разнообразных аспектов, имеющих место в искусстве танца, аналитическое рассмотрение диапазона философских истолкований хореографических произведений и включение их в самостоятельный процесс осмысления постановочной практики. С помощью компетенстностных характеристик показана важность формирования навыков философского анализа хореографических произведений, их оценки с применением антропологических, этических и эстетических критериев. Овладение культурой мышления, способностью к восприятию, анализу, обобщению эстетического образного начала в контексте изучения философской парадигмы танца способствуют формированию исследовательского к нему интереса., The author addresses the philosophical understanding of dance through a systematic presentation of various approaches to its understanding in the “Philosophy of Dance” course as part of the Master’s programme in choreography. The article considers the development of theoretical and practical skills of meaning formation by means of choreographic art in the system of individual and social self-knowledge. The study of dance from a philosophical point of view makes it possible to see many facts in its structure and the history of development in general. Of particular importance is the expansion and deepening of the worldview and research interest of students in modern historical, philosophical and aesthetic assessments of various aspects in the art of dance, analytical consideration of the range of philosophical interpretations of choreographic works and their inclusion in an independent process of comprehending of staging practice. With the help of competence characteristics, the author of the paper shows the importance of skills in48 Научное мнение № 10 (2020) philosophical analysis of choreographic works, their assessment using anthropological, ethical and aesthetic criteria. Mastering the culture of thinking, the ability to perceive, analyse and generalise the aesthetic figurative principle in the context of studying the philosophical paradigm of dance contribute to the research interest in it., Научное мнение, Выпуск 10 2020

В статье на материале русской и англоязычной политической интернет-коммуникации рассматривается имплицитное содержание, его типы и способы актуализации., The paper offers an enquiry into implicit meanings in political Internet communication, its types and lin-guistic actualizations. The author raises a few conceptual issues related to the specificity of implicit meanings in the digital environment, as well as offers their typology based on distinguishing between factual and modal content for discussion. The data for the study come from Russian and English political Internet communication and include blog entries, comments and online petitions. In terms of methodology, the author draws on the developments and categories used in linguistic semantics, pragmatics, speech genre theory, and text theory., Политическая лингвистика, Issue № 4 (82), Pages 22-31

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫХ ПРОИЗВЕДЕНИЙ ПРИ ОБУЧЕНИИ ДЕТЕЙ ИЗОБРАЗИТЕЛЬНОМУ ИСКУССТВУ В ЧАСТНОЙ ХУДОЖЕСТВЕННОЙ ШКОЛЕ КНР, The mutual enrichment of the Russian and Chinese experience in teaching visual arts is relevant for the development of children’s art education. Based on the analysis of the methods and approaches of integration of visual arts and belles-lettres and the experience of work at a private art school in China, the authors of the paper propose a model of the integrated approach to teaching visual arts based on the combination of traditional Chinese and modern Russian methods of including literary works in teaching visual arts., Научное мнение, Выпуск 7-8 2020

Исследование посвящено разработке теории и методологии поэтики кинодискурса, основанной на анализе феномена лингвистической креативности. В статье отмечаются основные направления современного развития теории лингвокреативности. Освещается специфика трех подходов к изучению лингвокреативности, развиваемых в рамках поэтики кинодискурса – активно формирующейся сегодня междисциплинарной области гуманитарного знания. Данные подходы, базируясь на единой теоретической платформе и общих ключевых понятиях, отличаются применяемыми в них комплексными методами с целью решения конкретных теоретических проблем и практических задач. Это методы дискурсивно-параметрического и корпусного анализа лингвокреативности, метод полимодального измерения лингвокреативности и метод лингвокультурологического анализа лингвокреативности. В целом предлагаемые подходы позволяют выявить специфику проявления креативного потенциала языковой системы в построении художественной реальности кинопроизведения и его особой поэтики., The research is devoted to the elaboration of the theory and methodology of the cinematic discourse poetics that is based on the analysis of linguistic creativity. The present paper highlights the main directions in which the theory of linguistic creativity is developing nowadays. Special attention is paid to the description of three approaches to the study of linguistic creativity that we elaborate within the framework of the poetics of cinematic discourse – a special interdisciplinary field of research. The given approaches have one and the same theoretical platform and share common key notions, but differ in the complex methods used to solve certain theoretical issues and practical tasks. These are the methods of discursive-parametric and corpus analysis of linguistic creativity, the method of multimodal measuring of linguistic creativity and the method of linguocultural analysis of linguistic creativity. The approaches under consideration aim to establish the specifics of how the creative potential of the language system is realized in the process of constructing films’ fictional reality and their peculiar poetics., Уральский филологический вестник, Issue № 2, Pages 23-36

В статье поставлена в центр техника исчисления интенсивности жизни от самых слабых проявлений до предельно интенсивных возвышенных жизненных состояний. Это проблемно связано с тем, что для понимания актуальных состояний и процессов современности в истории мысли XVIIIXIX вв. целесообразно наметить и раскрыть тему исчисления жизни, объединяющей интенсивность различных элементов социума численности населения, телесности, сообщества, рода. Именно анализ историко-философских предпосылок биополитики позволяет понять, почему политическое управление сводится к биополиции практике непрерывной и по многим позициям недостаточно эффективной нормализации общества., In this paper, biopolitics is defined as a technique of calculation of life intensity from the weakest manifestations to the strongest, exalted life conditions. In the history of thought of the 18th19th centuries it is reasonable to determine and develop the topic of calculation of life, combining the intensity of various elements: numbers of people, corporality, community, generations. The analysis of the historical and philosophical preconditions of biopolitics helps to understand why political management comes down to biopolice a practice of continuous and in many ways ineffective normalisation of society. K, Научное мнение, Выпуск 2-1 2020

Статья посвящена постановке режиссера В. Э. Мейерхольда Рычи, Китай . В работе осуществляется анализ таких характеристик постановки, как множественное пространство и сценические звуки, которые в значительной степени определили своеобразие режиссерской работы. Кроме того, выявляются сходства мейерхольдовского спектакля Рычи, Китай с китайской традиционной музыкальной драмой., This paper is devoted to the play directed by V. E. Meyerhold Roar, China. The work analyzes such characteristics of the play as multiple space and stage sounds, which largely determined the originality of the directors work. In addition, the resemblance of the Meyerholds play Roar, China with Chinese traditional musical drama is revealed., Университетский научный журнал, Выпуск 52 2020

Introduction.The paper deals with organizational and institutional aspects and principles of building social and labor relations of the large economic system. Such research is determined by the urgency and contradictory of scientific views by solving problems in the transformation processes of the social and labor relations in the modern economy.Materials and methods.Scientific materials of foreign and domestic scientists are used in the research. The author applies the system-axiological approach on the basis of the scientific methods’ combination, such as analytical, institutional and systemic. In addition, the concept of co-evolution is applied while considering organizational and institutional aspects of building social and labor relations.The organizational and institutional problems of designing a new system of social and labor relations during the transformation period are discussed in the paper.Conclusions.The author proposes four groups of principles, such as the principle of dynamic correspondence to value orientations of stakeholders and the goals of a large economic system, the principle of network based on institutional need, the principle of the balance of economic and social efficiency in the system of social and labor relations, the principle of flexibility and transformability of the social and labor relations’ system on the basis of co-evolution.Therefore.The results could serve as the conceptual basis for the design of the social and labor relations in large economic system, as well as the strategy for the socio-economic development of corporations.

The paper provides a detailed review of the issue of basic frameworks underlying the development of professional standards for teachers in the part referring to ICT competency. We focus on a case of designing an ecosystem of the ISTE association community which is based on the lifecycle of standards for students, educators, coaches, computer science educators and school administrators. We analyse the mechanism of transforming the ICT competency standards into educational policies on the basis of the approach proposed by UNESCO. Also, we explore the mechanisms of translating the frameworks of the teacher’s ICT competency standards into national educational systems.