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In this work two Value-at-Risk (VaR) estimation models are compared: covariance method that is commonly used in Ukrainian banks and optimization one suggested by Uryasev and Rockafellar. Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) that is an alternative risk measure to VaR, that permits to estimate the expected loss beyond VaR, is considered. Our work extends the Uryasev-Rockafellar approach to the quadratic portfolio containing derivative financial instruments. VaR estimation model's behaviour is examined as based on the hypothesis that the risk factors have elliptical distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Law of Ukraine / Pravo Ukraini is the property of Editorial Board of Journal "Law of Ukraine" and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Law of Ukraine / Pravo Ukraini is the property of Editorial Board of Journal "Law of Ukraine" and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Th e paper explores the story of "Bokhmite" (Mohammed) placed in the texts of the Chronic le by George Monk / Hamartolos and the family of the Chronograph according to the great narration. "Bokhmit" for denotation of the prophet Mohammed appeared in the early East Slavic writings only; South Slavic ones have no traces of such a name. While there are few sources about Muslim prophet in the Old Rus'ian period, the Hamartolos' Chronicle tells on this topic in detail. Th e story includes a biography and a medieval description of the teachings of Mohammed, as well as the "Bokhmitic" concept for paradise. Th e Chronicle infl uenced the Tale of Bygone Years in its account of the preparation for the baptism of Rus' (986--987) and other Old Russian texts through it. Also, the Hamartolos' story was included fragmentarily in the Trinity Chronograph, Chronographic Palea, the Ellinsky (Hellenic) Chronicle of the se cond redaction, etc. Th e aim of this study is to provide a comparative analysis of chronogra phic texts, as well as to make these sources of the Primary Chronicle easily available to scholars working in the fi eld of medieval Ukraine and Russia. In terms of methods, this study applied textual and literary criticism. Th e academic novelty outputs a prime comparative analysis of the story about "Bokhmit" in chronographic texts. Versions useful in further work on sources are published in the attached tables. Conclusions. Whereas the author of the Tale of Bygone Years borrowed only content from the Hamartolos' Chronicle (there are no direct citations), long fragments of later are refl ected in the chronographic family. Th ough the text did not avoid abbreviations of phrases and words and plentiful changes in grammatical forms, there are practically no lexical substitutions. In general, the compiler of the hronograph tried to simplify the narration, avoiding opacity and making it more understandable for the reader. ranches of the Chronograph uncover further transformations of the text. In particular, the Complete Palaea has some of its own omissions, and Ellinsky Chronicle contaminates two versions. Th e study reveals interesting features of the chronographic texts that clearly indicate that medieval Christian bookmen hard worked with the narration about the teacher of their Muslim neighbors, demonstrating, at the same time, the typical manner of treatment of the sources by the chronographer, which concerned the problems of early Old Russian chronicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Bulletin of Polissia is the property of Chernihiv State Institute of Economics & Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Microbiological Journal / Mikrobiolohichnyi Zhurnal is the property of D.K. Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology & Virology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ukrainian Historical Journal / Ukraïnsʹkij Ìstoričnij Žurnal is the property of Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ukrainian Historical Journal / Ukraïnsʹkij Ìstoričnij Žurnal is the property of Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economics: Time Realities is the property of Odessa Polytechnic University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chemistry, Physics & Technology of Surface / Khimiya, Fizyka ta Tekhnologiya Poverhni is the property of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. To analyze the structure and types of scientific sectors in Ukraine. To determine the influence of scientific and technical, and innovative project activity indicators of the university on its competitiveness and position in rating. Methodology. The methodological basis of paper is general scientific principles of research (methods of scientific analysis and synthesis), the theoretical and methodological foundations of the system and process approaches, and methods of ranking. Information sources of paper are statistical report data and studies of native scientists. Findings. This article provides general characteristics of some methods of creation of universities rating in Ukraine. In detail, we examined rating of universities in Ukraine of III, IV levels of accreditation "Top-200 Ukraine", in which significant role is assigned to scientific activity, and we studied the method of its creation. The article presents diagrams of weight distribution between the indicators in the indices of scientific and educational potential quality, the quality of education and international recognition. It identifies the dependence between the scientific and pedagogical potential quality and the rating place of the university, its competitiveness in the education sector in Ukraine. It presents characteristic of scientific sectors (academic, industry, educational, factory, and business), examines the organizational and legal forms of non-departmental science enterprises (incubator, technopark, technopolis), describes the structure of the education sector, and identifies the types of studies in accordance with the sector of science. Originality. The main scientific result is the theoretical substantiation of the influence of innovative activity at the university on his competitiveness. Rating features of a university are analyzed, and revealed the lack of indicators concerning implementation of the scientific developments performed by research and pedagogical workers. Practical value. The results of the research have been implemented during the teaching discipline "Marketing of Intellectual Property" to improve the economic efficiency of innovative projects of the National Metallurgical Academy of Ukraine [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economy of Industry is the property of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of the Economy of Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the present time, there are less than 5000 Albanians in the Ukraine and only half of them can speak their native language. For the most part, they live in four villages in the south of the country. The culture, history and dialect of Albanians in the Ukraine excited much interest in the 20th century. However, this interest has waned, and during the first two decades of the 21st century this subject is only still popular with specialists in Balkan studies, linguistics, ethnography, social and cultural anthropology, as well as some local amateur researchers. Several important studies on Albanians in the Ukraine have been published recently both by Ukrainian and Russian scholars. Some of them reveal data from the archives that were collected about seventy years ago, while others are based on the most recent field research. In our paper we attempt to analyze three monographs that appeared in 2014 and in 2017. Our goal is to attract more attention to these editions, and not to commend or criticize our colleagues. Using these publications, we reviewed relevant and some possibly problematic issues in Balkan Studies today. In our opinion, these issues could be expressed in three statements: a) it is impossible to get the relevant image of local ethnography, culture, inter-ethnic/interconfessional relations if the linguistic data is not fully involved in the research; b) it is not possible to provide a relevant analysis of linguistic peculiarities of the local dialect since the issues of cultural code and local identity are not taken into account; c) the archives of our predecessors should not be regarded as museum heritage, but they should instead be modified and analyzed in the context of the most recent theories and technologies. We all face the problem of how to save our field research data from becoming museum objects, and how to make it useful and accessible to our colleagues and subsequent generations. Today, there are no readily available solutions, but we believe that language corpora supported by a strong network of various historical, ethnographical, anthropological, etc. commentaries could be a helpful way forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bylye Gody is the property of Cherkas Global University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Plant & Soil Science is the property of National University of Life & Environmental Sciences of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Accounting & Finance / Oblìk ì Fìnansi is the property of Institute of Accounting & Finance and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the present paper, the author describes the history of the religious architecture on the modern territory of Ukraine that can be traced back to the Antiquity (8th -7th centuries B.C.). There is a statistical description of the losses of the Church architecture during Soviet era both in the Soviet Union and in particular in Ukraine. Author also shows the percentage of different religious confessions of contemporary Ukrainian citizens. He focuses on the contemporary Christian Church architecture (mostly Orthodox, but there are also examples of Roman and Greek Catholic, Protestant churches and Buddhist temple). After Ukraine regained independence there was a renaissance of the sacral architecture. Author shows the peculiarities of Ukrainian architecture that have roots in art of Princely Kiev (after the baptism of Kievan Rus in 988), architecture of Greek-Catholic (Uniate) churches (after the Brest Union of 1596), architecture of so-called Ukrainian (Mazepa/Cossack) Baroque at the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries and the art of Ukrainian Art Nouveau and in the folk art of the Hutsuls and Lemkos. All these sources of inspiration have been used when creating religious buildings in the late-20th century. The traditional trend in the architecture included e.g. reconstructions of churches and monasteries destroyed during the Soviet era or the continuation of the constructing works on the unfinished churches or even the exact copies of ancient structures, historicism or direct "quotations" from certain buildings or the above-mentioned styles. New forms of architecture were also obtained due to the transformation of historical styles, but the Orthodox architecture more traditional in this respect than the Catholic or Protestant ones. The author also shows examples of temporary structures erected without architectural blueprints that are of significant interest and of wooden architecture based on the Carpathian highlanders' (Hutsuls, Lemkos) churches. The author was a chairman of the International School of Church Architecture that has been founded at the Lviv Polytechnic and educated over 120 architects (1991-1998). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper constitutes a concise overview of the Lvov/Lviv (and also Western Ukraine) artistic life during the Soviet times and after the regaining independence by Ukraine. Author focuses on the informal or semi-informal art of this former part of Poland (and partly of Hungary), as it was one of the latest "additions" to the Soviet Union, hence it was more independent artistically and prone to European influence than the east parts of Soviet Ukraine that were heavily influenced by the Socrealism doctrine of official art imposed already in 1932. The only official way to practise non-figurative abstract art was by means of objects of decorative and applied arts based on the folk motives. During the Thaw period Lvov was one of the few regions in the USSR with the ample supply of foreign (albeit Eastern bloc) art periodicals that influenced the local community. The artisan glass and ceramics were appreciated abroad (France, Italy). After the fall of the USRR, in the independent Ukraine, the Nonconformist artists (who were barely tolerated in the Soviet era and frequently persecuted) took the place formerly occupied by the loyalist Soviet creators. The artistic community of Lviv returned to the abstract art. There were also expressionist and surrealist trends as well as postmodernists. The independence meant also a possibility of more active contact with foreign art and frequent participation of the local artists in international exhibitions. Lviv continues to be an active and important art centre although it has become a provincial one, as the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv is leading the contemporary art scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sensor Electronics & Microsystems Technologies / Sensorna Elektronika i Microsystemni Tekhnologii is the property of I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Likarska Sprava is the property of J. Likarska Sprava and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper emphasizes the importance of Russian émigré theologians to the beginnings and the development of the ecumenical dialogue. It shows their efforts to focus the debate on the ecclesiological issues. This gave the Orthodox hierarchs an important role in the deliberations of the Second Vatican Council. The second step toward reconciliation was taken by the Polish Pope John Paul II. The paper discusses his encyclicals that prove the importance of the Orthodox branch of Christianity. It also touches upon the conflict that arose between the Churches as a result of the revival of the Uniate Church in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Law of Ukraine / Pravo Ukraini is the property of Editorial Board of Journal "Law of Ukraine" and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to a September 2021 report by Positive Technologies, 91% of the world's industrial companies have information systems vulnerable to cyberattacks. The industrial sector is the second most attacked sector in the U.S., and the leading one in developed countries. Ukraine ranks sixth and seventh in the top 20 for the largest industrial attacks. Many scientific publications are devoted to industrial cybersecurity in the world, but, unfortunately, in Ukraine this area of cybersecurity is poorly studied. To develop the topic of increasing the level of cybersecurity of industrial control systems, we focused on the problems of cybersecurity of the lower level of control - the operator control station of the technological plant. Previously, we investigated the problem of cybersecurity of the industrial computer network of the lower level Modbus RTU. Continuing the topic, in this paper we investigate the cybersecurity of important software - the OPC server. This study proposes to pay attention to a vulnerability that has not yet been investigated. This vulnerability is related to the fact that having an extensive network of workstations in the enterprise, an attacker can substitute OPC server on any workstation (usually the most important one in production) with his own OPC server and do it in such a way that on the one hand to bring the technological unit of the selected site to stop or crash, but on the other hand to prevent the operator of technological unit, watching the SCADA-system on the computer screen, from noticing anything. A special diagnostic system has been developed to detect a cyber attack. Appropriate software has been developed and, with its help, all solutions have been simulated in real time using components of real industrial software and Modbus network model. The developed solutions and software can be used in industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Financial & Credit Activity: Problems of Theory & Practice is the property of University of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economy & Forecasting / Ekonomìka ì Prognozuvannâ is the property of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Institute for Economic Forecasting and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Stratum Plus Journal is the property of P.P. Stratum plus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose. Study of dynamics of development of deformation processes and crack formation in the rock massif around the working which is supported under longwall, with different time of putting into operation of protective facilities. Methodology. By means of simulation using equivalent materials we have investigated the rock massif deformation and cracking around the working supported under longwall with different time spent on putting into operation of the protective facilities. Findings. This paper presents a protection method with fast putting into operation of the protective facilities. In laboratory conditions we have obtained a positive effect of the proposed method application. Originality. It was shown that the time spent on putting into operation of the protective facilities has a significant influence on the deformation of the rock massif; place of location and development path of cracks. Growth of the main crack in the roof is caused by its subsidence, and determines the stress on the tunnel and its deformation. We have determined the time and place of localization and development of the main crack, which causes the collapse of main roof console under different time of putting into operation of the protective facilities. Practical value. Use of the proposed protection method with fast putting into operation of the protective facilities eliminates the roof stratification and inrush over the protective facilities into working; creates conditions for the occurrence of the main crack over the protective facilities and its development in the direction of mined-out area. Brokendown rock of the main roof shifts its weight on the immediate roof rocks over the open area of longwall, this also lowers the load on the support and lining of working, which reduces the load on the protective facilities and provides more stable state of working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economy & Forecasting / Ekonomìka ì Prognozuvannâ is the property of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Institute for Economic Forecasting and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economy & Forecasting / Ekonomìka ì Prognozuvannâ is the property of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Institute for Economic Forecasting and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents an analysis of the documents of the State Archive of Luhansk region, which illustrate the activity of the industrial syndicates in the early 20th century. Study materials of regional archives is of special interest due to the fact that the documentation of monopolies in the Russian Empire kept very bad. Most of its mass is in the Russian State Historical Archive, there is no the special archival funds on this issue in Ukraine. In this regard, any mention of monopolies is particularly valuable The sources on researched topic at the State Archives of Luhansk region relate to the activities of syndicates in heavy industry - "Prodamet", "Produgol", "Truboprodazha", "Prodvagon", "Prodparovoz". The most informative is the fund of the Luhansk Locomotive Works Hartmann (F. 2 and R-1). Materials of other funds (F. 4, F. 9, F. 10, F. 11, F. 14) also contain papers we are interested in, but they are few and fragmentary. Basically sources on the history of monopoly capital in the archive represent business correspondence. Conditionally has been allocated to four groups of documents according to their origins: the internal documentation of enterprises; correspondence with customers; letters and resolutions of government and representative institutions; correspondence received directly from administrations of syndicates. The last group is the most informative. The great bulk of the documents here's period 1916-1918. Particular interest are the materials illustrating an attempt to restore the syndicate "Prodamet" in Ukraine in the summer of 1918, because in the Soviet historiography its nationalization in January 1918 traditionally completed the history of this association. The same applies to the syndicates "Prodvagon" and "Prodparovoz". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The European vector of domestic enterprises development Selected by Ukraine in addition to benefits of liberalization and open markets can still provide significant shortcomings that are mostly related to their own non competitiveness. Practice shows that as a means of reduction and/or elimination of risks an outstripping development is more productive to implement than the overtaking one. The purpose of the paper is to improve the theoretical foundations of advanced development based on comparison to other types of development considering the specifics of the enterprises' business. Result. Based on logic synthesis and structure of existing research, the author proposes to amend the classification of types of development, giving such feature as ⪡attitude of the leader⪢. According to this criterion the development is divided into overtaking, the outstripping and the development on leader's level. The author describes the characteristics for their comparison in order to understand the nature and content. A comparative analysis of these types of development was performed. The analysis showed that the term ⪡outstripping development⪢ in most cases is used in context of macro level. The author gives the definition of outstripping development at the level of the separate enterprise, establishes the basic characteristics and conceptual basis of implementation. The essence of the outstripping development of the enterprise was graphically showed. The outstripping development is presented mathematically. An index to determine the level of outstrip is offered. Conclusion. All received allegations and suggestions improve the theory of enterprises development in the contemporary economic management. On the basis of the research, the author concluded that outstripping type of development will allow increasing effectiveness and reducing the risk of innovation, increasing the chances of market success of industrial innovators, reducing losses from inefficient usage of resources (2-3 times), significantly improving the domestic and foreign markets competitiveness, providing conditions for the transition to innovative research and technology development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The value of the enterprise is multifaceted economic category, and the results of its research are ambiguous and sometimes contradictory. A look at value as a criterion for the efficiency of enterprise management necessitates disclosure of its essence, because of the ability to create new value, which, in turn, needs to be improved and adapted to the practical usage of appropriate analytical tools. In this article, the reasons regarding feasibility of using the concept of economic value added as the one that is best suited to formalize and evaluate factors that direct management influence on the development of value added. In this paper, the multifactor model analysis of economic value added and its practical implementation allows defining the factors to which the processes of value formation appeared to be more sensitive. After the study of 35 industrial enterprises in Ukraine (mining and concentrating, metallurgical, machine-building, food), it was determined that the most influential are the factors that shape the yield and the level of optimality (rationality) structure of financial assets. The author argued the feasibility of index matching usage of the profitability critical importance in its actual implementation as a signal to management concerning the feasibility of the appropriate corresponding action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. To get new information about rock compression behavior at different stages of lithogenesis. Methodology. For achievement of the indicated purpose we have collected the primary data about the change of properties and state of rocks in different districts of the Donetsk basin, Dnepr-Donetsk cavity. Physical and mechanical properties of sedimentary rocks on different stages of lithogenesis in the basins of Ukraine and Russia have been studied. We have analyzed the results of study of porosity, permeability, and types of cement in different conditions. The tests were executed by standard methods and approved devices. In addition to the empiric information we have studied the considerable volume of information about the results of previous researches published in media. Findings. We have found out that in the existent reference books and dictionaries some lithological concepts, terms and stages of lithogenesis disagree. The qualitative distinction of sedimentary and metamorphic rocks was made in the middle of 20th century; but quantitative criteria of distinction still remain undeveloped. The depth of the diagenesis stage makes dozens, hundreds and thousands meters. In some districts the loose deposits appear at a depth of 2-3 km. The basic types of cement of terrigenous rocks are represented by quartz (silica), carbonates, and oxides of iron. To determine the structural jumps of transition of one stage of lithification into another, it is necessary to test the as big interval of rocks as possible. We have suggested the formula (at qualitative level) of determination of stages (sub-stages) of lithogenesis based on the fact of structuring of matter in the case of achievement of critical power limit. It requires consideration of the mineralogical factor, the presence of carbonates in the cement of rocks, and control over description of drill sample, to reduce the errors of first kind. Originality and practical value. The scientific value of the results consists in determination of laws of change in the properties and state of the matter reaching the critical power values. The applied meaning is prognostication of intervals productive on hydrocarbons in sedimentary rocks being at different stages of lithogenesis. The presence of productive intervals at different modern depths is the important applied factor. The properties and state of rocks depend not on its modern depth but on its paleodepth and the region formation history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information and communication technologies has caused profound systemic changes in the information space and cyberspace. Cyberspace, by virtue of their nature, creates new threats and challenges for information security professionals. Traditional information security professionals face new specific tasks that require them to new knowledge and skills. In view of this, the paper to meet the needs of law enforcement agencies, as well as industrial and banking professionals in Ukraine capable of detecting signs and actively counteract cybernetic an outside influence, the authors suggest an approach to the introduction of higher education in Ukraine learning profile «cyber security». In addition, in the paper clearly defined criteria to be met by such specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the work of contemporary Ukrainian historians devoted to the study of situation and development of historical science in the western regions of theUSSR in the second half of the twentieth century, the state of development of the history of social and political processes issues in the Ukrainian lands by researchers of this period. Out of special studies devoted to the analysis of the development ofUkrainian history in the second half of the twentieth century, attention should be paid to the works of such contemporary scientists: Dashkevych Y., Udod A., Smolii V., Yas O., Reient O., Kulchytskyi S., Liapina O., Koval M., Mozhovskyi M., Holovko V., Isaievych Y., Holubko V.,Yusova N.,Kolesnyk I.,Shevchenko F.,Matiah V.,YaremchukV., BulhakovaO., PohrebnaO. Features of the development of the topic are shown, critical assessments of local scientists are generalized. The author pointed to promising areas of further scientific study of historical research of scientists from the western regions of the USSR, scientific advances of Ukrainian historians of the second half of 1940s - the end of 1980s. Thus, the distinguishing feature of this period is an extension of the thematic field of the problem, critical interpretation of Soviet historiography heritage. In Soviet times the study of the modern history of the Western lands were of censored. Social and political processes in the Ukrainian lands of interwar Poland were unilaterally covered, the activity of national political parties was suppressed. The problem of "Western Ukrainian question" in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire did not become an individual object for research coverage by Soviet scientists in the early twentieth century. As for the degree of the problem research, it should be noted that modern historians uncovered themes and areas of historical research on this issue generally well. However, several issues remain less explored or have not been studied, namely, analysis of scientific works ofUkrainian historians concerning this problem, the issue of personal academic input into the development of Ukrainian history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the main problems and the development of public-private partnership in Ukraine for 1992- 2012 years. The author characterized main trends by comparison with countries in the region, determined the main problems and possible solutions. In the database of theWorld Bank Ukraine attributed to the region called "Europe and Central Asia". This group include 22 countries, including: CIS, countries of the former Yugoslavia and Turkey. Determined that the activities of public-private partnership in Ukraine as a whole corresponds to global and regional trends. Ukraine is the third-highest number of PPP projects (58) after countries such as Russia and Turkey, their number by 55.4% over of a regional index. Similarly, look and performance of investments in PPP projects in Ukraine - 14.2 billion U.S. dollars, 3rd place, equal to the average. Since independence, Ukraine has sold 58 PPP projects worth a total investment of 14.1 billion U.S. dollars. This figure is quite significant compared to countries in the region. At the same time, most of the period of public participation in PPP projects are not carried out, more or less consistently since it began in 2009 This trend indicates a lack of attention paid by the government partnering with the private sector. A focus for the development of appropriate institutional component, which, in myopinion, will raise organizational aspects of PPPs in Ukraine to a new level. This was the experience of both developed countries and the EU new member states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper overviewed main periods in transformation of economic system in Ukraine since independence and the role of ecological approach. The important place of tax reforms for stimulation implementation of "green" economy and transition toward sustainability was described. Current situation with implementation of "green economy" in Ukraine was presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the contemporary processes in the field of heraldry in Luhansk region limited by the chronological framework of the early 90's of the twentieth century till the present time. The choice of the theme is determined by the fact that no comprehensive analysis of the development of the city emblem has been made. It is also necessary to make historical and professional analysis of all its aspects, namely the peculiarities of its development, the features of the symbols of city signs, the problems of creation and confirmation of new emblems The author has studied the specific features of the heraldry formation in the region using periodical materials, documentary sources and images of emblems. The paper has traced the debates as of the re-approval of historical emblems of Luhansk and its evolution. A number of modern municipal emblems have been analyzed as regards their subject matter, color and symbols. The compliance of the emblem with the heraldry rules has been found out; their disadvantages have been described and proposal of their improvement have been suggested. It has been concluded that the modern heraldic process in the Luhansk region is characterized by simultaneous coexistence of professional and amateur emblem formation. According to the author's calculations, 28 of 37 cities are provided with municipal emblems but most of them must be improved because of their uniformity, colors congestion and low artistic level of accomplishment. The author cities the heraldry developments of specialists, members of Ukrainian Heraldry Society A.Zakoretskoho and O.Zhytnychenko as an example of successful emblems that correspond to classical heraldry and have a deep original symbolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. There are different studies devoted to accidents in coal mines forecasting. They are concerning the prediction of human injuries, fires, obstructions etc. But in terms of restructuring and reformation of Ukraine's coal industry, the issue of the level of accidents reducing is still actual, so development of new approaches for their prevention remains relevant. Purpose. Analyzing existing mathematical models and approaches to forecasting of emergency situations in coal mines and executing their transformation into economic-mathematical form to extend them by economic factors. Methods. Analysis of mathematical approaches used in accidents at coal mines predicting. A common group of factors used in the calculation of each model highlighting. Considering of possibility of the introduction of one or another model of economic factors, such as the overall financial performance of the mine, and the amounts allocated for security measures and retraining. In addition, where possible, modeling the above economic indicators, completing their transformation and presenting in a new economic-mathematical form. Results. You can not underestimate the impact of the financial and economic indicators at the level of accidents. Constants commonly used in the construction of predictive models are only the factors of natural and man-made disasters, but the application of economic factors leads to improvement of existing methods and approaches to determining the probability of occurrence of accidents in mines which has been shown in this paper. Conclusion. The practical significance of the paper is to study the relationship between economic component of the mine, and the number and severity of accidents occurring. That will raise prediction accuracy in determining the probability of accidents in coal mines. The authors initiate further research towards the development and improvement of existing methods and approaches to forecasting the level of accidents at the mine through the expansion of mathematical models of economic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In these paper the identification key for Ranunculaceae of Lviv, Transcarpathian (Zakarpattia), Rivne, Volhynia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi, Ternopil and Khmelnitsk regions (oblasts) is introduced. The key includes 102 species. It is based on contemporary investigations on taxonomy of the family Ranunculaceae. The key is carried out up to the level of species but in some cases there are short remarks about subspecific structure of selected taxa. Also it is supported by short notes about distribution, ornamental usage and protection of represented species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]