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The article considers the importance of the functional influence of the institutional environment on strengthening the sustainability of the water management sector and the overall increase in its efficiency in the context of the growing destructive impact of external risks and threats. The key aspects related to the formation of effective institutional mechanisms aimed at ensuring sustainable development of water resources and reducing the vulnerability of the water sector to external influences are identified. The importance of creating an effective regulatory framework that would comprehensively contribute to ensuring the sustainability of the water management sector in the long term is analyzed, taking into account the variety of external risks, such as climate change, environmental pollution, as well as the destructive impact of military operations. The issues of implementation of institutional innovations in the system of regulation of the water management sector in Ukraine are considered, in particular, such as the introduction of the latest technologies for water resources management, development of a system of interaction with non-governmental public and environmental institutions in the decision-making process, as well as promoting their participation in the formation of water resources management policy. The necessity of increasing attention to the institutional aspects of water resources management is substantiated, this will contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of water resources in the face of growing external risks and threats. It is proved that effective management of water resources requires an integrated approach, which should take into account not only technical aspects, but also socioeconomic and institutional factors. It is determined that the presence of stable institutional structures contributes to the creation of appropriate conditions for the development of the water management sector, as well as its functional adaptation to changes in the external environment. Institutional models of water resources management have been studied, based on which key principles and approaches that can be used to generally increase the sustainability of the water management sector in the context of external risks and threats have been identified.

Today, the number of neuropathy patients is growing steadily due to the active development of the technosphere. In fact, extrafocal neuropathy reflects reactions in response to stressful situations and the development of functional disorders in all parenchymal organs as a result of these factors. The research aims to develop a differentiated approach to correcting functional disorders of the parotid glands in patients with elevated psychological responses. Objects and methods of the research. Depending on the intensity of neurogenic salivary adenitis (NSA) clinical signs, the studied patients were divided into 3 groups: group I – patients with mild NSA (44 persons); group II – patients with moderate degree (48 people); group III – patients with severe NSA (21 people). All patients observed hygiene and performed oral cavity sanitation at the dentist’s office. Patients with mild NSA received the following set of treatments: daily bougieurage of ducts of the studied glands for 5 days, massaging them for 5 minutes before and after meals over the course of 5-7 days. Due to increased anxiety patients were additionally prescribed a twoweek course of Persen-forte. They were also prescribed a 5-day course of Drotaverine to relieve the spasm of duct apparatus of the parotid glands in the dosage of 1 pill 3 times a day to be taken 20 minutes before meals. Patients with moderate NSA underwent a 5-7 day course of daily duct bougieurage and 5-minute massage of the studied glands before and after meals. Additionally, ectericide was daily instilled into the ducts of the affected glands over the course of 5-7 days and galvanization of the affected gland areas №5. There were prescribed a 3-week course of Persen-forte, a 7-day course of Drotaverine, and a 14-day course of retinol acetate in the dosage of 5000 IU 1 time per day. All patients with severe NSA were prescribed: daily bougieurage of ducts for 5 days, massaging them for 5 minutes before and after meals over the course of 7-10 days, 5 procedures of ectericide and trypsin instillation into the ducts of the studied glands every other day, gland electrophoresis with 5% ascorbic acid solution № 5. There were prescribed a 4-week course of Persen-forte and a 10-day course of Drotaverine. A complex multivitamin drug Quadevit Active was prescribed in the dosage of 1 pill per day for 1 month. Results of the research. The analysis of treatment outcomes of NSA patients who applied a set of treatment and prevention measures aimed at improving the functional state of the salivary glands and stabilizing oral homeostasis, showed that among 44 patients with mild NSA, 40 patients (90, 91%) have recovered and 4 subjects (9.09%) have improved their condition. This was confirmed by the results of research-specific and specialized studies. Cytological examination of the smears of the affected parotid glands’ secretion revealed a small number of squamous epithelial cells and single neutrophilic leukocytes, which was close to normal. Determining the level of anxiety according to the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS) in patients with mild NSA found low values of 1.53±0.05 points in 19 people and medium values of 9.27±0.05 points in 3 patients, which signifies decreased anxiety rates in most patients. Of the 48 patients with a moderate severity of the disease, 35 patients (72.91%) have recovered, 11 subjects (22.92%) have improved and 2 people (4.17%) have not changed their condition. Physicochemical parameters of oral fluid and parotid gland secretion were normalized. Cytological examination of the studied parotid gland secretion revealed an increased number of neutrophilic leukocytes, individual lymphoid cells, macrophages, cylindrical epithelial cells. The sialographic picture of parotid glands revealed no abnormalities in only 3 people. In 6 patients, there were various narrowings of the main duct, I-II-III order ducts, bulbous and spherical ectasias of II-V order ducts, impaired filling of II-V order ducts due to almost the entire gland volume being narrowed, which was accompanied by individual sialectasis (3 patients). The level of anxiety tended to decrease. Out of 21 patients with severe NSA, recovery was noted in 13 (61.91%), improvement in 6 (28.57%), and unchanged condition in 2 (9.52%). Cell composition was not numerous according to cytological examination of the parotid gland secretion in 8 people with severe NSA, occasional cells of squamous epithelium have been registered in the samples, as well as sporadic cylindrical epithelium cells with altered structure. A small amount of mucus, reticuloendothelial cells, single macrophages, groups of lymphocytes were noted in 4 patients. Sialography performed on 5 patients revealed unchanged duct system in 3 patients and the presence of II-V order duct narrowing in 2 subjects, as well as some sialectases. Determination of the level of anxiety revealed that 9 people had low values of 2.18±0.05 points and 3 patients had medium values (8.67±0.05 points), which reflects a decrease in anxiety rates in most patients. Thus, the treatment and prevention programs that were prescribed to NSA patients caused the anatomical and functional changes of the parotid glands in the affected salivary glands in most patients, as well as improving the general somatic condition of patients.

Introduction. The modern development of Ukrainian medicine in the context of global trends and perceptions of a human, their life as the major value, requires the creation and implementation of a quality system for continuous education of a harmonious personality of a future specialist, who is characterized not only by deep knowledge in the field of medical and theoretical, clinical, chemical and pharmaceutical disciplines, but also a diverse general culture, awareness of universal, national and state priorities. The aim of this article is to determine the essence and main tasks for the effective functioning of the system of educational work in higher education at the current level of development of society. Research results and their discussion. It is the teacher’s duty not only to provide medical students with the skills of practical work, but also to form in them a worldview inherent in a comprehensively educated, harmoniously developed personality with a high level of public conscience and universal values. First of all, it is about fostering respect, compassion for the patient, awareness of the value of human life. At the same time, student volunteering in such areas as health care, ecology, social protection of humans and animals, etc., can be considered as one of the components in the professional training of future physicians. The future doctor is not only a competent specialist, but also a conscious citizen who upholds the democratic values and moral norms established in the mentality of their people, ready to work for the prosperity of their country, strengthening its authority. Therefore, considerable attention in educational work, certainly, should be paid to the formation of national consciousness in young men and women, deep patriotic feelings and beliefs, devotion to the Motherland, responsibility for its fate, protection, development of historical memory. Admitting the great importance of educational work in the training of highly qualified specialists, the administration of Poltava State Medical University considers it an integral component of the overall educational process. In recent years, it has become systematically complex and clearly organized. Traditional events, such as celebrations of public holidays, significant dates in the history of the university, meetings with prominent people, famous doctors, thematic meetings, memorial events are complemented by new forms that take into account the interests and preferences of modern youth. Thus, students willingly participate in various flash mobs – mass actions organized through social networks, aimed at forming patriotic feelings, civic qualities, involvement in the philanthropic activity of future doctors. Increasingly, educational activities take the form of trainings, challenges of socially significant, professional, charitable orientation. The significant educational influence was the participation of the volunteer team of PSMU «Unity» and volunteer teams operating at the departments of the Faculty of Dentistry, in All-Ukrainian projects and events initiated by volunteers themselves. Every teacher in higher education should be involved in a large range of activities, including the educational component of the training process, and the group sponsor has a special responsibility. It is the group sponsor who needs to take care of providing an individual approach to educational work with students, which should take into account differences in their social and financial status, national characteristics, living conditions, values and so on. Conclusion. Currently, our state is going through a difficult period of its formation, development and establishment. The success of this process largely depends on the spiritual potential of the nation, civic responsibility, and high moral qualities of the younger generation. This necessitates a more practical integration of the educational component into the modern training process at universities.

It would be feasible to include in the problems of the transport industry the low level of capitalization of motor transport enterprises due to the lack of both equity capital and the capital borrowed from the credit market; insufficiency of liquid assets, including money and their equivalents; a low profitability level of enterprises. The totality of problems of the formation and use of the financial resources of motor transport enterprises negatively influences the financial security of enterprises, which renders impossible to constantly develop the freight market, in a compliance with requirements of economic agents and environmental requirements. The article is aimed at analyzing the current status of financial safety of motor transport enterprises on the basis of a well-grounded authors’ methodology. The research is carried out using the generalization, table and graphic methods, as well as regression analysis and expert method in defining the importance of indicators of the index of financial security afety of motor transport enterprises. The article substantiates the methodical bases for evaluating the financial security of enterprises on the basis of the Financial Security Index, which in turn is based on 11 relative indicators: coverage ratio; absolute liquidity ratio; money flow liquidity ratio; financial independence ratio; long-term financial independence ratio; agility ratio of the own equity capital; assets profitability; profitability of sales; profit reinvestment ratio; ratio of receivables and payables; ratio of coverage of financial expenditure by means of operating profit. A sample of 11 motor transport enterprises that provide freight services has been formed. Identification of the financial security ststus of motor transport enterprises indicates a largely unstable financial security with a tendency to improve in 2014-2018. From the studied sample of motor transport enterprises, one enterprise has a not acceptable and an absolute status of financial security, one enterprise has an acceptable status, two enterprises are in absolute status, two are in a critical status. The carried out analysis indicates the presence of major and general threats to financial security: low level of profitability, threats of losses from financial and economic activities, insufficient funds to cover current liabilities, unbalanced cash flows in settlements with debtors and creditors. The practical value of the article is that the main provisions of the research can be used by motor transport enterprises and other economic entities during financial and economic activities in order to minimize the financial and reputation risks.

The article is aimed at studying the prospects of capitalization of insurers in Ukraine, subject to the reform of income taxation and the introduction of a tax on withdrawn capital. The publication examines the capital structure of insurers and the macro-economic indicators of the Ukrainian insurance market, identifies the macro-economic tendencies regarding the capital and equity of insurers. The most dynamic in the content of the capital of insurers are liabilities. An empirical analysis of the financial result before taxation and the net profit of insurance companies, dividend payments and propensity for dividend payments in the medium term is carried out. The absolute difference in the capital of insurers, which can potentially be obtained as a result of income tax reform, has been defined. The procedure for calculating the absolute difference in the capital of Ukrainian insurers after the reform of income taxation is proposed in the form of difference in the financial result before taxation and dividends, other payments to be taxed. An iIncreased capitalization of the insurance market is possible through the capitalization of the net profit of insurers. In other words, insurance companies will be able to increase their net capital by the size of the pre-tax financial result, reduced by dividends and other withdrawal payments. With this approach, the size of dividend payments becomes an important factor of influence. Prospect for further research in this direction is definition of the tax component as one of the priorities in the context of capitalization of Ukrainian insurance companies and improving the competitiveness of the insurance market in Ukraine, taking into account the European integration.

The article is aimed at developing the priority ways to improve the efficiency of implementation of potential of rural areas in the context of enhancing the State’s food security. An evaluation of Ukraine’s food security was carried out by the indicators of availability, consumption, and food independence as to the basic types of foods. The main problems that reduce the efficiency of using the potential of rural areas have been identified. The priority ways to improve this efficiency have been proposed, among them: improving the institutional basis for the policy of food security, protecting the internal agrarian market, harmonizing the domestic standards for ensuring the food quality and safety with international standards, improving the logistics-infrastructural support for rural areas, ecologization of the agricultural production. An organizational-economic instrumentarium for implementing the potential of rural areas in the context of enhancing the State’s food security has been developed.

The development of tourism industry at the regional level is relevant for all the subjects of the Russian Federation. The issue is especially acute in those of them that do not have rich cultural-historical heritage and unique natural-climatic conditions. In particular, these areas include highly urbanized industrial regions of the country, which at present do not make an effective use of their potential for the development of domestic and inbound tourism. The subject of the research in this paper is tourist activity in federal districts of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the volume of tourist services in the Russian Federation and to substantiate the development of industrial tourism in the regions for the purpose of attracting additional tourist flows. The study uses the system approach, the basic scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, and statistical analysis methods. One of the innovations in the tourism business of the Russian Federation could be the organization and conducting of excursions to the enterprises of the country not only for official delegations and business partners, but also for ordinary tourists. The article highlights the opportunities and threats for the development of industrial tourism in the Russian Federation. As a result of the statistical analysis of economic indicators of tourism industry development for 2011–2015, the authors identify a decline in the growth rate of the volume of tourist services. The lack of new tourist offerings reduces opportunities for growth. In this case the authors find it appropriate to promote a new type of domestic tourism associated with visiting industrial enterprises. The development of industrial tourism provides the regional economy with the multiplier effect including the stimulating effect on the activity of related sectors, and promotes import substitution in tourism. Main provisions of the present paper, due to their their universal character, can be used in educational process by educational institutions; they can also be recommended for use by the authorities in order to promote regional tourism

Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) based on sodium alginate (SA) with polyethyleneimine (PEI) were synthesized at a molar ratio of SA:PEI = 1.00:0.25 (PEC-1) and SA:PEI = 1.0:0.5 (PEC-2). The temperature intervals of thermodegradation for both the initial components and PECs were determined by pyrolytic mass spectrometry. It was shown that the molar ratio in these PECs significantly affects their swelling level in an aqueous environment as well as their mechanical characteristics. For instance, PEC-2 film is stiffer and more brittle compared to PEC-1 film, which retains flexibility. It has been revealed that PEC-2 exhibits a lower total ionic current of volatile components and a smaller number of ionic fragments generated during pyrolysis across the entire temperature range compared to PEC-1. In other words, PEC-2 is more resistant to temperature impact than PEC-1, which can be attributed to the difference in the molecular structure of the PECs. The formation of a greater number of ionic and hydrogen bonds in PEC-2, in our opinion, results in the formation of a stiffer and more ordered structure (compared to PEC-1). It is worth noting that the composition of PEC-2 is closer to stoichiometric, which leads to a decrease in the swelling degree of its film in water, and a decrease in its elasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses issues of the necessary improvement of quality of training students in the direction of greater attention to the evolution of the financial economy in Ukraine, the formation and development of financial thought in Ukraine. Importance of the academic discipline «Financial thought in Ukraine» for the formation of professional competence of future financiers has been displayed, objectives, tasks and content of the discipline have been substantiated. Objective of the academic discipline «Financial thought in Ukraine» contains studying and creative interpretation, which are directed at the basic stages of formation, development and features of current status of financial thought in Ukraine in the context of a critical analysis of the scientific heritage of Ukrainian scientists-financiers. The main tasks of the academic discipline «Financial thought in Ukraine» are as follows: exploration of the features of the both formation and development of financial thought in Ukraine; determination of the effect of the Western financial thought on its formation and development; determination of the specific features and characteristics of the Ukrainian scientific school of the State (public) finance; exploration of the theoretical developments by Ukrainian scientists in the area of budget, taxation, public credit, corporate finance, insurance, etc.; substantiation of proposals on how to use the existing theoretical provisions with a view to enhancing the efficiency of the public finance as well as the further development of the domestic financial science. Studying views on financial economy of the State was an integral part of the papers on finance and teaching of the theory of finance in the pre-revolutionary period. With the 1990's begins the period of an active revival of research in the financial thought of Ukraine, which continues today.

Various methods for evaluation of virulence properties of causative agents of infectious dis- eases in vitro were analyzed: molecular-genetic, cultural-biochemical, immunologic, physiologic. Predominant use of molecular-genetic methods, expediency of a complex approach, relevance of search of novel informative parameters of virulence are noted. Study of biological properties of pathogens in vitro is the first screening stage of evaluation of their virulence.

It is now possible to identify several key factors that determine biological characteristics of squamous cell cancer of the head and neck: genes p53, p16, cyclin D1, P13-K/Akt connected with metastasis proteins (proteases, proteins mesenchymal cells, cell adhesion molecules chemokines), angiogenesis factors (VEGF, PDGF, FGF, TGF-alpha and TGF-beta), IL-8; epidermal growth factor receptors. An important role of tumor cells plays microenvironment. Of course the above mentioned is only a small part of the factors that determine the livelihoods and the activity of cancer cells. All of these factors are potential predictors of the effectiveness of radiation and chemoradiation treatment and actively studied in recent decades.