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Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) is often asymptomatic until it reaches the advanced stage. Currently, there are no available markers that can accurately predict the risk of progression of epithelial dysplasia to squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of using the level of adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP-1) in the blood serum to identify groups of increased risk of cancer in patients with chronic laryngeal and hypopharyngeal hyperplasia associated with epithelial dysplasia. Material and methods. The blood serums from 45 patients with SCCHN ( T 1–4 N 0–3 M 0 ), 12 patients with chronic inflammatory laryngeal and hypopharyngeal diseases and 15 heath subjects were examined. The blood analysis was performed using the CAP1 ELISA kit (Cusabio) on the Biochrom Anthos 2020 Microplate IEA Reader. Results . The serum level of САР 1 was higher by 75 % in patients with SCCHN ( Т 1 N 0 M 0 ) than in patients with chronic hyperplastic laryngitis. Moreover, differences in the serum level of САР 1 were observed between healthy subjects and patients with chronic laryngeal hyperplasia. In SCCHN patients with regional metastases, CAP1 concentration in the blood serum was 2 times higher compared to that observed in SCCHN patients without regional metastases (p≤0.01). Conclusion . The study results showed the feasibility of using the level of CAP1 for distinguishing patients with chronic hyperplastic laryngitis from those with laryngeal cancer, as well as for early detection of SCCHN and the development of new method for prediction of disease.

To estimate ELISA serological studies results of IgM and IgG specific Measles and Rubella Viruses (MRV) antibodies detection the “in-house” laboratory controls (ILC) including the specific markers of MRV infections were for the first time commercially prepared by the Vector Best PLC (Russia): “Measles-IgM, ser.1”, “Measles-IgM, ser.2”, “Rubella-IgM”, Measles-IgG” and “Rubella-IgG”. This task was realized under the special Executive Order of the Government of Russia N 523-r, 2014, April, 4. According to passport characteristics ILC samples are the lyophilized human sera, inactivated by heating (1 hour at 56°C) and stabilized by the mixture of sucrose (5%) and ProClin-3000 as the conservation agent. Samples are free of HBs Ag, anti-HVC, T.Pallidum, HIV-1/2, HIV-1Ag р24.The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using the ILC for detection of the MRV IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA with commercial ELISA kits used in Russia and CIS countries. In the process of detecting the specific activity of “Measles-IgM, ser.1”, “Measles-IgM, ser.2” and “Rubella-IgM” by ELISA kits of different formats (Vector Best, EcoLab and Siemens Companies) the statistically different results were received (p < 0.05). The optical density (OD) values of IgM in the “Measles-IgM, ser.1” and “Measles-IgM, ser.2” ILC, obtained by ELISA “VectoMeasles IgM” (Vector Best) were significantly higher than those obtained by ELISA IgEnzygnost®Anti-MeaslesVirus/IgМ. These values consisted for the ser. 1–1.33±0.02 о.u. vs. 0.18±0.01 о.u. (р < 0.05) and for the ser. 2–2.83±0.03 о.u. vs. 0.7±0.02 о.е. (р < 0.05) in the Vector Best and Siemens ELISA kits correspondently. In the “Rubella-IgM” ILC the OD values of the specific IgM by the “ELISA-Rubella IgM” EcoLab were also higher than those obtained by IgEnzygnost®Anti-RubellaVirus/IgМ ELISA kit. These values consisted 2.92±0.04 о.u. vs. 0.88±0.03 о.u. (р

The concentration of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) was measured in lacrimal fluid (LF) using Human CNTF Quantikine ELISA kit (“R&D Systems”, USA) on a ChemWell 2910 automatic analyzer (“Awareness Technology Inc.”, USA). We initially attempted to use commercial kits, designed for serum and plasma CNTF detection, to quantify lacrimal CNTF. The results, however, were rarely above the minimum detection level of the kits, most likely due to matrix complexity and low concentrations of CNTF in diluted LF (LF had to be diluted because of the small volume of collected samples). The optimal sensitivity and the lowest background for the best minimum quantifiable value were determined empirically. Phosphate buffer solution containing 1% bovine serum albumin was selected as an optimal diluent for CNTF measurements in small fluid samples. A standard curve was produced using the calibrating solutions 0-250 pg/ml. Acid treatment of LF samples before the analysis allowed to increase the detectable concentration of the CNTF two-fold. The 1:3 dilution was selected based on the available volume of collected LF and a reasonable variation coefficient. The described protocol allowed to develop a sandwich ELISA optimized for lacrimal CNTF., Определение цилиарного нейротрофического фактора – ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) в слёзной жидкости (СЖ) человека рутинными лабораторными методами затруднено из-за его низкой концентрации в структурах глаза и недостаточного количества материала для анализа. Были подобраны условия для определения CNTF в СЖ твердофазным методом иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА) на основе набора Human CNTF Quantikine ELISA Kit (“R&D Systems”, США) с использованием автоматического иммуноферментного анализатора ChemWell 2910 Combi (“Awareness Technology Inc.”, США). Предварительная кислотная обработка проб СЖ позволила вдвое повысить концентрацию CNTF. Полностью автоматизированная система проведения анализа и выбор разбавителя с низкой оптической плотностью бланка (0.011) обеспечили линейную зависимость калибровочного графика от 0 до 250 пг/мл с возможностью его использования для расчета концентрации CNTF в области низких значений. Рабочие характеристики оптимизированной тест-системы ИФА (линейность метода, предел обнаружения, воспроизводимость, интерференция матрицы) в указанном диапазоне концентраций соответствовали критериям приемлемости для используемого метода определения. Разведение образцов СЖ в четыре раза, совмещённое с кислотной обработкой проб, оказалось оптимальным для получения стабильных результатов при проведении анализа. В этом случае концентрация CNTF в пробе составляла в среднем 10.4±0.4 пг/мл с коэффициентом вариации 4.2% и близостью определяемых значений к ожидаемым величинам на уровне 104%.