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In Chiapas, a Mexican southern state, non-formal education spaces have increased rapidly after "Zapatista Movement" in 1994. Nevertheless, recently some scholars have questioned certain activities carried out in these spaces because they find contradictions in the struggle against social exclusion. In this research paper, we analyzed with a reflexive point of view and with a critical approach the results obtained in a study performed in one of these spaces of non-formal education in which social transformation is promoted as an answer for the social exclusion problem. Here, we pointed out the delicate line that exists between actions and discourses in these non-formal education spaces. To reach this goal, we worked with a critical intercultural perspective and thus, we carried out an exercise to re-thinking space, relationships and social-educative practices in Amalgama, A. C. (fictional name), a non-formal education space located in San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas. As a result, we found out, on one hand that in the space, in the relationships and in the social-educative practice of Amalgama, A.C. there are elements of the colonialcapitalist-patriarchal structure, and such elements are closer to the coloniality than we expected at the beginning. On the other hand, this exercise allowed us to recover the perceptions of the educators to re-signifying this space, relationships and social-educative practice to eventually make social transformations encouraged them since the decolonial pedagogical approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper the characteristics of the design and contents of the provincial diploma imparted to cadres of the municipal structures of the education sector are socialized in order to develop their managerial capacities and the effective change of the system of work that at that level of direction is executed. It presents the main topics addressed from the learning needs diagnosed and the theoretical and practical contributions made by a group of researchers from the Universidad de Oriente. The most relevant results are obtained, based on the formative transformations achieved in the integral culture of management and the managerial performance by the participants of the diploma course, in the municipalities of Santiago de Cuaba, II Frente, San Luis and Songo-La Maya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of updating and training of teachers in the use of information technology and communications (ICT) as a teaching and learning of mathematics, have limited its methodological work, causing poor performance in the integral learning students and ability to solve practical problems they face in society. That is why this paper aims to consider the more specific contradictions that occur in the teaching and learning of mathematics based on the use of ICT. In this context, it is concluded that recognizes the mathematical task computerized (TMI) as a means to contribute to the improvement of student learning, taking into account the contradiction occurs between the comprehensive nature of the student's education to society and the diverse nature of the ownership of the contents taught in the course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops elements of reflection on the constituent components of the Franciscan identity, from the place where educational speeches are exercised, as a proposal for the training of trainers from the appropriation of values and Franciscan principles as a proposal of life, in the midst of a world immersed in a profound crisis of sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an attempt to analyze the progress and challenges of inclusive education in Colombia, through a comparative analysis of policies and strategies developed within the country and the measures taken by Spain in the same direction. Nine categories were defined for this analysis, based on the key elements identified in the international agreements with names preceded by "UNESCO": 1) the inclusive education approach, 2) focus groups, 3) responsible parties and resources, 4) teaching and learning strategies, 5) curriculum design, 6) educational levels, 7) teacher training, 8) community involvement and 9) evaluation and monitoring. The sources of information include official documents from the agencies in each country that oversee and direct educational services, as well as national legislation currently in effect. The results of this analysis indicate the two countries in question are not so far apart in terms of their legislation and recognition of the principle of inclusion. This shows Colombia has adapted its policy on education to reflect international guidelines. However, it is clear the implementation of these guidelines is still far from inclusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to present a theoretical contribution that places the Peace Education as an educational model for educators, making them able to use it in their educational practices. We present the development of Peace Education, occurred before the fall of the Soviet Bloc, an analysis of the emerging elements of Peace Education before the end of the 20th century, and finally the main lines of work of the Peace Education for the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research context that this article seeks to show the different models of college, from the evolution and development of universities and their management in Latin America, particularly in Chile, and how they affect the development of societies, both past and contemporary, highlighting some similar and different characteristics that they have. It should be noted that the Chilean model of education has been considered to have a great impact on some countries in Latin America, especially in Colombia. Moreover, the general objective of this research was the reflection on the reforms of higher education in Latin America and the impact these reforms have had in recent years in Chile, which seem to have created a high dissatisfaction in the social context, due to the excessive commercialization of educational services. For the development of this paper an extensive review of the literature, which accounts for the phenomenon to be investigated is made and semi-structured interviews were carried out to experts in the field, which helped to understand what authors explain in the literature concerning models and educational reforms in Latin America and the current situation of education in Chile, thereby achieving a clear vision of the reality of the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we aim to address some issues of equity in higher education, from the particular perspective of Latin American reality. Our interest is highlight the fact of the theoretical and methodological positions through which equity policies are defined in the field of higher education and how social meanings and ways are established around them. In the first part, a brief description of the scenarios of higher education in Latin America is done, both in regard to the socio-political structural processes and the dynamics of higher education systems. In the second part, a conceptual reconstruction is approached to allow us to show the movements operating in university policies in recent decades which have resulted in the implementation of the so called policies of equity. In the third part of the paper, different levels of specification of the concept of equity in university dynamics are analyzed, which account for their productive potential practices. Finally, we describe some of the most important initiatives displayed in recent years by some countries of the region framed in equity policies, focusing on their effects and scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to initiate a reflexion on education as another way of thinking of the May 1810 revolution in Argentina. Such a goal requires returning, among other things, to the objectives of the May Revolution, which were the principles intended for education, what kind of knowledge and skills were believed to be necessary, which was the relationship between education and change and what were the philosophical, political and pedagogical educational paradigms of that time. The insistence of some of the "men of May" about the new government to be based on an also new citizen made them rethink education, in order to ensure the people's access to revolutionary ideas with which they intended to found a new order, and perhaps a nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some social and political situations and many educational tasks are today, the historical result of a long process which has been shaping them; and also the current manifestation of aims and practices which have previously had other developments. It is the case of the entails and commitments that have been taking place between the concept and the practice of education, and also of the attempts of advancing or penetrating into a political democratic culture. In this paper we elaborate a historical approach which tries to announce and interpret important ideas which were configured along with decisive and complex moments of our contemporary history. For it we plan the axis of its progressive evolution in Spain, by means of the thought of relevant figures in the intellectual and political order, such as Giner de los Ríos, Rafael Altamira, José Ortega y Gasset, Manuel Azaña and some others. With his analysis we try to clarify from a historical perspective the role that education has in the strengthening of the citizenship, the cohesion and the vitality of the nation, or the genuineness in the political democratization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research gives the magnitude, evolution and characteristics of academic and socioeconomic polarization in the Chilean school system. After examining the importance of the education system as a means of social cohesion, we analyze the implications of distribution processes of students in their education and the main background on the Chilean education system. Furthermore, the paper conceptualizes the notion of polarization, which is related to two aspects: the alienation or distance that students have with students different from them, and the identification or identity that individuals develop with others of similar characteristics. Using SIMCE databases from the last decade, we create and formalized three different indicators of polarization to assess the school system. The results show that the degree of academic and socio-economic polarization of the Chilean school system over the last decade has been constant, and in some cases increasing. Additionally, the measurement that determines the degree of polarization shows high levels socioeconomic and academic polarization, which is related to processes of fragmentation and clustering. These results show the necessity of analyzing the impact of educational policies on the processes of social cohesion and integration in the school system. This has to consider the importance of the school as a privileged place for these goals, as well as on the development of skills, values and cognitive thinking and noncognitive skills for all children. These results have been questioned from recent conflicts that have occurred in the education sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the design and initial validation of ECLIS, a School Social Climate Scale. This scale is a useful tool for evaluation of the main variables reported by research and the authors of the school social climate. Conceptual framework, basic psychometric characteristic and results of the experimental application in different samples of Chilean school students are reported. Criteria for analysis and interpretation of scores are included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of research on socioeconomic inequality in Bogota's secondary education (year 2009). The results show that socioeconomic student level is significantly associated both to educational access (public or private), and to educational quality (ranking in State test - ICFES). This demonstrates that in Bogotá not only does each social class study separately, but also that rich people have access to a better education than poor people. This situation of social segregation (apartheid) aggravates some of the already pervasive Colombian problems: lack social mobility, economic inequality and illegitimacy of the political system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the experience of Community Care Services and Educational Psychology, which, on a municipal level, are developing different intervention programs and preventive community activities. These activities are based on a needs analysis to enable the continuous updating of performance targets and are based on a competency model and evaluable methodology. This service covers an area of needs and a specific job for which there is currently no response from any other department or agency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]