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Community Education Centers, a CETP's (Council of Technical Professional Education) public program, are implemented in places of a socioeconomic context corresponding to the first and second income quintile. CECs were designed for young people who, after finishing primary school, were not able to access secondary education, to bring them closer to the traditional education system. This paper analyses how this public policy builds youth and understands young people, in dialogue with the conceptualizations of sport as a social and cultural phenomenon, making it possible to discuss the view of this public policy and to what extent it collaborates with or feeds back into the representations and meanings given to sport in the CECs. Youth is understood as a social construction from which, in this case, public policies and their implementation are conceived. This paper focusses on the importance of establishing the view on young people both from the perspective of official documents as well as from the CECs actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies trends in development evaluation that emerged during the last decade, such as the use of randomized control trials, the renewed emphasis on complexity, the creation of national, regional and global evaluation networks and associations, the increasing diffusion of ICTs in monitoring and evaluation practice and the interest in using evaluation to inform scaling-up decisions. The paper considers opportunities and risks associated with these trends, proposing ways to deal with them, including a key role for knowledge management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the interaction between public policies and plans and the Sustain-able Development Goals (SDGs). For this purpose, this paper analyzes the instruments indicated in the Voluntary National Reports of Chile and Uruguay (2019), especially those referred in ODS 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. The analysis carried out shows the possibilities of fulfilment that are presented from SDG 13, in an interrelated way with the other SDGs, in order to evaluate the viability of an integral and sustainable development model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the ways in which Uruguayan national identity is constructed through football narratives. These narratives occur in the popular and mass scene, uncovering some of the most conservative symbolic cultural structures. The analysis of two advertisements is proposed; one dedicated to the Uruguayan men's football team in the context of men's World Cup held in Russia in 2018, and the other during the men's soccer America's Cup, held in Brazil in 2019. The assumption is made that Uruguayan national narratives are based on a macho-heroic discourse, which expels women from football, as well as any form of masculinity other than the hegemonic one. Some thought is given to the ways in which the discourses on an imagined Uruguayan identity are legitimized and configured. Finally, a theoretical-methodological approach to build new narratives which recover the history and experience of women football players in Uruguay is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In June 1954, 28 national football associations from all over Europe met in Basel, Switzerland, to create a continental organization. Renamed as Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) in October 1954, in less than ten years it became a major actor in European football, a leading role which it continued to play in the decades that followed. How can the creation of this organization be explained during the Cold War, when Europeans were divided? What were the main sources of inspiration for the advocates of UEFA? From a globalized perspective, this paper addresses these two questions by focusing on the role played by South American football administrators in this process. This research is primarily based on documents from the FIFA archives, in particular the minutes of both the Executive and Emergency Committees and the Congresses, as well as mail correspondence. These documents have been cross-referenced with other archives of national associations and a careful review of L'Equipe and France Football, newspapers with international scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze Brazilian athletes' participation in the South American Olympic Games held in 1907 in Montevideo/Uruguay through the publications published by the press in the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. The sources selected for this purpose were the following newspapers: Correio Paulistano, Jornal do Brazil, O Paiz and O Século. There is evidence of various tensions in the incipient Brazilian sporting sphere, which implied definitions of amateurism and professionalism, as well as disputes over the sporting protagonism between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. In conclusion, the article points out that, even in this scenario of tensions, the Brazilian press tried to produce its first sports heroes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social sport, globally known as Sport for Development and Peace (SDP) and the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are two global events that mark the beginning of the 21st Century. In contrast with the Millennium Development Goals, the 2030 Agenda considers sport as one of the cultural activities that can contribute to the achievement of the SDG. In Latin America and the Caribbean there is a growing interest in social sport as a tool to achieve both pacification of countries and social inclusion. Based on a detailed analysis, it is possible to identify seventy-nine ad hoc organizations working in Latin America and the Caribbean. Only ten connect to the SDG. This paper analyzes Tiro en Braille (Braille Shot), a pioneer Mexican SDP organization, as the only regional organization that besides working towards the SDG, includes several facets of social inclusion: gender, disability, university populations, the purposely design of new sports under a plus sport approach, as well as the recovery of traditional/indigenous games/sports. It is explained how Tiro en Braille's methodology is susceptible to be replied in different countries of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, sustainable development in the management of natural and cultural heritage has been a topic of growing interest. Numerous documents highlight the important role of heritage in processes towards sustainability. However, the articulation between sustainability and heritage is relatively incipient as recent is this notion of development in the heritage agenda. This paper seeks to outline a set of legal-political sustainability indicators for the management of assets that have become part of Argentina's heritage and that involved more than one jurisdiction along the process. Legal-political sustainability emphasizes the actors' freedom, entailing the incorporation of diverse perspectives, the ability to express themselves and make decisions, in a context of strengthening democratic processes. Based on previous studies that selected and built indicators applicable to cultural and natural heritage and the review of two cases, four categories are defined. Each one includes indicators that can be evaluated from a qualitative-quantitative approach. The research provides a methodological instrument to assess the efficiency of heritage management, particularly when they involve more than one jurisdiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on citizen participation intended to be implemented through the electronic portal of the government of Nariño, called GANA. The aim is to know the progress of civil participation through electronic government portals considering four dimensions: information, interaction, inclusion and control. The paper examines the e-portal's design in terms of civil participation and the expectations of designers, collaborators and users. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted to achieve that aim. The results reveal that the design corresponds in general to the informative dimension, except for some digital tools, such as Open Justice, where Law students offer virtual legal advice, and the GANA Municipales tool, which sometimes provides means of interaction, enabling popular vote for community projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ever since the term "viraje" was coined in the 1980s to designate the changes in the economic program of Lista 15, it has been argued that this sector of the Partido Colorado shifted towards liberal economic ideas from 1966 onwards. This paper seeks to carefully analyze the proposals put forward in that year's elections by the Lista 15 sector, already identified with Unidad y Reforma, under the leadership of Jorge Batlle Ibáñez. Approaches to government, inflation and economic sectors stand out, as they show evidence of ruptures with the statist and dirigiste tradition of the two precedent decades. Finally, Batlle Ibáñez's liberal economic thought, based on his links with Argentine referents of that tradition, is analyzed to explain the programmatic renewal of Lista 15. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When examining various evaluation prescriptive theories comparatively, we find it helpful to have a frame-work showing how they are related that highlights features that distinguish theoretical perspectives, thus a «theory» about theories. The evaluation theory tree that we presented in Alkin's recent book, Evaluation Roots [Eisner, E. (2004). The roots of connoisseurship and criticism: A personal journey. In M. Alkin (Ed.), Evaluation roots: Tracing theorists' views and influences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Guba, E., & Lincoln, Y., (2004). The roots of fourth generation evaluation: Theoretical and methodological origins. In M. Alkin (Ed.), Evaluation roots: Tracing theorists' views and influences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Stake, R. (2004). Stake and responsive evaluation. In M. Alkin (Ed.), Evaluation roots: Tracing theorists' views and influences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage; Wholey, J. S. (2004). Using evaluation to improve performance and support policy decision making. In M. Alkin (Ed.), Evaluation roots: Tracing theorists' views and influences. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage], is such a framework. Just as theorists modify their views over time, in this paper we suggest modifications to the theory tree presented in the Roots book, including a repositioning of a few theorists, the addition of theorists, and a reconceptualization of the valuing branch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on how the absence of justice is represented in five Peruvian films produced after the internal armed conflict period. These representations contribute to cultural heritage preserving the memory of the events occurred during the last two decades of the 20th Century in Peru, fostering national reconciliation. To highlight the ways in which justice is represented and how the possibilities of reconciliation are addressed, a brief theoretical review of the concepts of cultural memory and forms of justice is presented. Qualitative methodology is used to analyse topics, scripts, and audio-visual language, complemented with interviews with filmmakers and personalities related to the armed conflict. The cinematographic discourses show coincidences regarding the injustice experienced during those years, which continues to these days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1954, the Colorado Party won the elections for the conformation of the Collegiate Executive Branch and parliamentary elections, thus obtaining a majority in Parliament. Luis Batlle Berres took over the presidency in 1955 after a difficult intraparty negotiation to attain parliamentary support. He was Head of the List 15, a faction of the Colorado Party from a political sector known as Batllistas. Since the Colorado Party would lose the following election in 1958 to the National Party, this paper analyses the formation of this last neobatllista government, in dialogue with the literature that has characterized inter and intraparty relations, so as to reconstruct a key historical moment and understand the crisis of the so called Uruguay Batllista. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All over the world, democratic systems are facing the radical change of the new ways of citizenship. This is explained by technological advancements and, mainly, by the emergence of a new virtual public space in which game rules are completely different. By introducing the concept of surveillance capitalism, this paper seeks to draw attention to the threats and challenges presented by technological change, while proposing an approach from the educational system, integrating media and information literacy as a civic training to exercise citizens' rights and freedoms in the new virtual space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the evolution of custodial and non-custodial measures concerning criminal offenses committed by adolescents in recent years in Uruguay. It is complemented with the analysis of interviews to qualified informants belonging to the adolescent criminal system (social and legal operators). Finally, it identifies some hindering factors to the development of non-custodial measures in particular, and to restorative justice in general, which could provide an explanatory key to deprivation of liberty as a privileged measure adopted by the justice system for adolescents' sanctions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twenty years following the end of the dictatorship (1973-1984) a generous literature about mln (Tupamaros) was published. This contrasts with the scarcity of works linked to the Communist Party of Uruguay. In the first part of this paper this phenomenon is analyzed by relating the characteristics of both political groups before the 1973 coup, as well as the historical circumstances in which that asymmetry occurred. One of the focuses of the analysis is the problem of communist memory in this period. The second part of this study puts forward a descriptive account of research papers and documents delving into the communist party published between 2009 and 2013. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the cultural policy of Frente Amplio administrations. Regarding the complexities of elaborating and implementing cultural policies in the current situation, the place given to culture in the political project of the Uruguayan Left is pondered; wondering what a Leftist cultural policy is or can be We start by looking back at what has been done, questioning neo-developmentalism as competitive nationalism. Then, we discuss the implications of developing a leftist cultural policy. Finally, we venture to make some proposals, in an attempt to translate into actions certain desires we imagine reachable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Education, understood as transmission and creation of knowledge, and self-training to build commonalities, are the main objectives and values shared by those willing to change the prevailing irreversibility in daily practice. People dedicated to heritage education have come together in communities of practice to express ourselves and work with freedom and autonomy, based on principles of horizontality and with the commitment to improve our professional practice. At the beginning of 2017, the closing down of FANAPEL (National Paper Factory), founded in 1898, shook the city of Juan Lacaze, calling the attention of government and media. The political strategies developed by this company's workers, alongside with other organized sectors of the city, were fundamental to place this issue on the public agenda. This essay, based on the testimony of professionals working in the area, addresses the trajectories of subjects linked to two different sectors of the city: the rural and the vulnerable, away from highly politicized scenes, from an anthropological perspective. The general objective, then, is to increase their visibility, in the context of the construction of a development agenda coordinated by the Local Development program of CLAEH University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of 2017, the closing down of FANAPEL (National Paper Factory), founded in 1898, shook the city of Juan Lacaze, calling the attention of government and media. The political strategies developed by this company's workers, alongside with other organized sectors of the city, were fundamental to place this issue on the public agenda. This essay, based on the testimony of professionals working in the area, addresses the trajectories of subjects linked to two different sectors of the city: the rural and the vulnerable, away from highly politicized scenes, from an anthropological perspective. The general objective, then, is to increase their visibility, in the context of the construction of a development agenda coordinated by the Local Development program of CLAEH University. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the budget expenditure devoted to culture, through a descriptive analysis of the evolution of national budget allocation and execution during the last twenty years. Despite the sustained growth of Uruguayan economy during the last fifteen years, it will be seen that budget allocation to culture is very marginal. In addition, changes in the institutional framework, significantly reflected in the evolution of budget allocation in culture, can be identified. At the same time, deconcentration of budget management from the Ministry of Education and Culture's head office to the rest of the Executing Units operating at the core of culture public policies is evidenced, throughout a process initiated in 2005 and intensified in 2015. Finally, a small theoretical digression is made according to the budget execution data shown, pointing towards the need to rethink the ways in which public cultural policies are viewed, either by budget decision-makers or by cultural managers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revises the contributions made by Aldo Solari in an article published in number 43 of Cuadernos del claeh, in 1987. The aim of these paragraphs is to present the work of the author and visualize his contribution to the study of the process of aging in the Uruguayan population, at a time when the production of knowledge about the topic was null in the country. Solari had already written about this phenomenon in 1957, and in 1987 -- with a more advanced aging process in Uruguay -- he reviewed the causes, consequences and some little-noticed aspects of aging and of the conception of old age. He approached the subject from multiple perspectives, considering economic, social, psychological and political aspects to understand the process. Another thirty years later, it is impressive to find out that many of these considerations remain valid, and, moreover, they are necessary to understand a phenomenon that occurs on a global scale, and that particularly affects the Uruguayan society and each of its members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many things were in turmoil within the Uruguayan tv scene during the '90s: it was a period of relevant transformations in technologies, spectator practices and programming strategies. The inclusion of several products-which were then new for the medium-notably influenced the everyday audiovisual culture until today. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the landscape of television during that decade through those three dimensions. What novelties and what continuities are observed in the narratives, in the forms of entertainment/comedy, in the production of genres and formats, within that time-span? What repertoire of images was the public's imagination playing with in that period? Which stories, which topics, which languages penetrated into everyday conversations? These questions have guided the approach to the '90s tv presented here. A survey of the programming of the four national open channels-as it appears on the daily press between 1990 and 1999- was carried out along with an analysis of available audiovisual materials, and a revision of the academic writing about tv published at the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the context of emergence of the nineties' generation in the Uruguayan theater, as well as its consolidation process in the first decade of the 21st century. Some proposals of the historical process, periodization and tracking of major trends in the local scene of the post-dictatorship period are presented and discussed. The hypothesis is that what has been called the 90's generation is strictly an effect of a critical and academic discourse (which, in describing it, builds it and notably contributes to legitimate the place of the artists who compose the Uruguayan theatrical field of that decade). A corpus of articles published between 1992 and 2012 will be examined, dividing this period into three stages that define the three sections comprising the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]