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From an historical analysis as well as considering the scientific, economical, social and political facts and consequences of scientific publications, a critical and updated review of scientific journals is made using a research perspective. It realizes the changes in the communication of Science, especially through twenty centuries. The historical analysis reveals that valuation of scientific knowledge, did not originate for commercial reasons, but responds to the political and economic evolution of society. The current situation of scientific publications reveals its enormous contribution to both knowledge and human development, but also inequities, social, economic and ethical conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While arguing a strong defense of the humanities, this paper highlights its spirit and makes clear some misunderstandings and errors regarding the humanities. Nonetheless, a history of the humanities is left aside, here. Quite ion the contrary, this paper claims that capitalism is the main detractor and enemy of the humanities; not the contradictors and opponents of the free market system. A number of arguments and justifications are provided. The humanities basically consist in reaching a voice of its own. Several arguments make clear what this consists of. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By Royal Decree of Philip II, on January 25, 1569, the Inquisition tribunals of Lima and Mexico were created. The purpose was to protect the Catholic faith and combat heresy. Later on February 7 of the same year, the Inquisition began to operate in Chile. This paper addresses case studies of Inquisition processes in Chile, their forms of control and exercise of power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the main ideas of Hannah Arendt's moral philosophy in the texts Some questions of moral philosophy, Thinking and Moral Considerations, Eichmann in Jerusalem, The Life of the Mind and Lectures on Kant's Political Philosophy. In the first place, the characterization of the moral collapse that occurred in the context of totalitarianism is exposed, then Arendt's appreciations about the moral discernment criteria of Socrates, Plato, Kant, etc., its links with the faculty of will, and its references to the loss of self as a widespread phenomenon in society are examined. Finally, the meaning of the faculty of judgment is evaluated and the value of exemplarity in contemporary ethics is based. This paper presents the conclusions of the first stage of the research project whose question is: How can Arendtian ideas about exemplary validity as a criterion of moral discernment contribute to the consolidation of ethical positions that respond to the existential situation of contemporary man? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the article I move forward with the development of a new theory of World Society, and in particular of a theory of capitalism rooted in the history of the 20th Century, which follows from a proposal for paradigmatic renewal that I call the "World Paradigm". To this end, I engage in a selective dialogue with Marx's work. I start from the assumption that the World Society is created in the middle of the 20th century and, along with it, that the economy is only at that time mundialised, generating a new capitalist formation which I call the "Intercapital System". In this paper I assimilate Marx's methodological contributions to the study of social change and focus on two decisive aspects of the Marxian vision: the genesis and the historical evolution of capitalism. Attention to this last point allows me to analyse - among other aspects - the way in which Marx approaches the "colonial question". Each section of the paper is preceded by my preliminary view of the issue, and the conclusions seek to highlight the value of this proposal for renewal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the consequences of the covid pandemic on the teaching-learning process in the teaching of philosophy in higher education. The consequence of the pandemic altered the way of teaching, resorting to virtuality. The question arises: are physical contexts necessary to successfully carry out the teaching-learning process? To answer this question, a comparative analysis is used, taking into consideration, on the one hand, the Greek legacies of the ancestral teaching of philosophy represented in the Socratic dialectic games, and on the other hand, with the technified teaching of artificial intelligence. In this way, the reflection will lead us to the idea of the transformation of a humanizing education towards a transhuman or post-human education. In the Platonic dialogues the pleasant conversation is translated into a discourse full of astonishment, the problem must be faced to the human intelligence and challenge it. Socratic irony dynamizes ideas, the interlocutor hierarchizes them, compares and synthesizes them to establish some thesis on what was unquestioned. Thus the spirit conquers intellectual happiness protected by emotion, tranquility, "being is intelligible", a mixture of rational logic and emotionality. Is it possible to replicate these Greek intellectual activities in the pandemic situation experienced and dominated by remote teaching systems? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Immanuel Kant has been a crucial milestone in various spheres of human thought. His treatment of the ancient problem of appearance is not exempt from this premise. However, his notable contribution in this regard has not received the attention and depth provided by the primary studies of his work. This paper aims to comprehensively expose the problematic nature of illusions from Kant's perspective. Firstly, a concise review of the treatment of appearance throughout the history of philosophy will be conducted. Subsequently, the relevance of Kant's intervention in relation to this topic will be emphasized. Following that, a meticulous reconstruction of the topography of the different types of illusory appearance addressed in the Critique of Pure Reason will be undertaken, namely: empirical, logical, and transcendental illusions. This analysis will highlight the peculiarities, contexts, and inherent meanings of each of these forms, ultimately concluding the essay with a comprehensive evaluation of this significant episode in Kantian philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper is proposed to dismantle part of the complexity of the problem of private property in Rousseau in the following way: a) it is a concept that obeys very precise circumstances in the context of the Genevan philosopher, the decay of the feudal world and the advance of the market economy, the evolution of capitalism; b) it is a concept that in the body of his work he thinks and reflects on it as a new reality c) for this concept Rousseau draws on the discussions raised with physiocrats (economists), jurists (jusnatrualist) and both liberal and republican philosophers who due to that they did not conceive their discipline as a science isolated from the others, but that each one kept elements of the others despite its emerging specificity d) In unison with its context, Rousseau proposes to think of property from a political philosophy that integrates four sides, which political, moral, legal and economic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will address the new material challenges that democracy must address in the 21st century and that go far beyond the simple procedural formal rule defined by Bobbio and that had nothing to do with the substantive contents that are dealt with in the framework of a society or political community, especially complex like those of today. This situation maintains two causes that generate it and sequence it. On the one hand, the very stormy scenario with which the capitalist production model and its crises have generated in the population and, on the other hand, the reaction of the population who has felt orphaned of democracy, delivered naked to the market, and whose The feeling of reaction and annoyance has been reflected in various libertarian social movements, but also in the seduction of authoritarianism and the emergence of the extreme right. For the above, we will review a prospective of issues that democracy will have to face and the classic and contemporary positions that have been at the base of this fundamental discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the author subjects the narrative of "interculturality" to a critique from an intercultural perspective, invoking the critical potential of intercultural philosophy in contrast to a culturalist "interculturality" light. The background of this analysis is the epistemic violence exercised by the West in the fields of knowledge, science, and education. This violence is particularly noticeable in the case of philosophy, leading to a sort of "philosophical homicide" (philosophicide) with respect to indigenous philosophies such as the Andean one in the case of Abya Yala. The paper concludes with some guidelines for the challenges that a critical intercultural philosophy must face in the XXI century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the chat-bot LaMDA developed by Google and the experience by the engineer B. Lemoine. The issue brings forth a problem, namely can artificial life feel? The discussions held to-date are set out, openly or tacitly, on the Turing test (1950) focused on intelligence. This paper highlights the phenomenological stance over any other approach to the subject. LaMDA does not just think, it feels; moreover, it senses. It is indeed a sentient person. The highly sensitive question concerns the complexity of the mind. It is claimed here that feelings and/or sensations are already cognitive acts by themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we do a review of two case studies that shows the continuity in the construction of hydro-social conflicts that were triggered by the promotion of hydroelectric dam projects as generators of development in Mexico. Without prior consultation processes, socio-environmental impact studies and with the presence of water-power discourses, they affected several indigenous communities in the Northern, Central and Costa Chica regions of Guerrero. Through a table of analysis, the categories used in the review of these cases such as: scale, region, community organizations, civil society, state authorities, the private sector and the methodologies used in the reviewed studies are shown. All this in order to highlight these iconic cases of the State of Guerrero at the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century as hydro-social conflicts where the water-power relationship was present and were antecedents of other later socio-environmental conflicts in this state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes counter-hegemonic struggles in the face of the 21st century extractivism offensive in Latin America. First, it examines the emergence of a new generation of social movements against neoliberalism and subsequently against extractivism, shaped by the affected communities in alliance with a variety of subaltern groups that express the displacement of struggles towards the place for the reproduction and existence of life: the territory. In this context, the current Colombian scenario is presented, where one of the main banners of the new progressive government is the gradual de-escalation of the extractivist model within the framework of environmental justice, as an expression of an alternative hegemony. Finally, the paper highlights some of the main challenges of the struggle between capital and life in the face of the resurgence of extractivism in times of war, a socially and ecologically unsustainable model and one of the main obstacles in the construction of peace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kripke has had an enormous impact on theories of reference thanks to his distinction of the metaphysical necessity of epistemological naming, breaking with decades of descriptive traditions of reference. Nevertheless, within the process of naming, there exist in the author's theory, glimpses of propositional attitudes and intentional aspects that the author does not delve into. This paper will detail the most important aspects of the American philosopher's theory to give rise to the discussion of the scope of the intentional aspects and propositional attitudes at the moment of naming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to make a philosophical approach to the theory of language in legal expressions, which increasingly establish measures that seek to differentiate the keys of the codes that have been budgeted from the theories of language in the construction of legal discourse, For this purpose, a theoretical analysis has been carried out, which from the philosophical theory can be appropriated by reviewing the sentence T 626 of 2022, where the Colombian constitutional court has detached itself from the forms and legal technicalities to be understandable to a child who acts as a receiver of the message. In such a way that this introduces a reflection that appropriates the interpretation of the law from the intellectual authors and not from the message, generating a significant transformation that must be considered within the legal hermeneutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the role of transformational leadership within the judicial system, specifically in relation to the role of judges and magistrates as democratic leaders. To achieve this end, the research focuses on three core aspects: 1) It points out the main conceptual references on the three-dimensional theory of law, essential when defining the legal reality or the management and administration that derives from it. 2) It explores the relevance of transformational leadership, considered one of the most debated administrative approaches, which tends to train leaders committed to the organization, society and the group that accompanies them. This vision of leadership allows promoting collective actions, adapting to social demands, generating significant changes within organizational structures. 3) It explores the role of judges as social leaders, called to promote transformations within society, assuming it as a point of balance between the role of the State with citizenship, without losing sight of the human side of the administration of the justice, which is why it invites a permanent revision of the laws, attending to the growing demands of society. The method used for the development of the paper is the hermeneutic-documentary. It concludes in the urgency of transforming the judicial system, ensuring equity and social justice, where the magistrates occupy the place of social leader's par excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper focuses on the analysis of conspiracy beliefs and conspiracy theories by taking into consideration some of the major contributions about the topic presently provided by several disciplines. A definition is given that helps illustrate the most prominent features of these beliefs, namely monological bias, logical and conceptual fallacies, dispositional influence and pseudorationality. Other important psychological preconditions are also provided (such as, among others, credulity, hypersensitive agency detection devices and proneness to self-deception), but, as the paper argues, they are features shared to a greater or lesser extent with other belief systems, like radical political ideologies and religious fundamentalisms. As a result, it is suggested that a more proper understanding of the phenomenon is attainable by approaches combining psychological data with the analysis of groups and sociopolitical dynamics. Participation in social structures and networks that act as "echo chambers" or "epistemic bubbles", as well as exceptional contingencies and shifts in power distribution among group/social actors seem to be the most influential factors that explain formation, spread and salience of this kind of beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the purpose of laying the foundations for a critique of sociological reason and making a contribution to shedding light on the relationship between Marxism and sociology, in this paper a set of problematic points of Esteban Torres' La gran transformación de la sociología is addressed. The analysis is divided into three moments. First, the idea of sociology that is used by the author is criticized, challenging by that the bases or foundations of Torres' broader intellectual work plan. In a second step, the conception of Marxism that is defended by the Cordovan academic is assessed, identifying the existing differences between the contribution of Capital's author and the aforementioned social science. As a corollary of both operations, some conclusions are drawn, stating that what must to be done is not to transform sociology but to abandon it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically reviews the concepts of world society and imperialism as proposed by Esteban Torres in his book La gran transformación de la sociología. The architecture and logical relations of the former and the economic inadequacy of the latter are observed. In both cases, the critique is followed by the suggestion of alternatives based on Social Systems Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with some fundamental problems of the subfield of social/sociological theory, particularly in our Latin American context, taking as a stimulus or pretext some of the problems raised in the book La gran transformación de la sociología, by Esteban Torres. After some initial remarks about the consequences of the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic on our sociological activity, the text proceeds in three successive steps. First, some discussions are raised about the appropriate scale for sociological analysis (including a defense of middle range theorizing); then, we reflect on the temporality involved in theorizing, the challenges of social acceleration and the dead ends of "theoricism"; finally, a discussion is raised about the meaning of theorizing from the "South". The conclusions reaffirm the need to continue the debates in this field, valuing Torres' contributions but also highlighting some important differences with his proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the issue of food security, articulating it with the relevance of achieving SDG 2, as one of the fundamental objectives set by the United Nations Organization for Sustainable Development (2015). To achieve this end, the research focuses on four fundamental aspects: 1. The relevance of food security in the global context and the need for timely access to food for individuals, without neglecting the asymmetric structural contexts on the planet, such as hunger and poverty, which limit the conditions for development (FAO, 2009). 2. The relevance of SDG 2 for food security, the production of goods and food effectively, preventing actions that threaten life on the planet (Cóndor et. al, 2022). 3. The presence of people who suffer from hunger in the Latin American and Caribbean region, which has been on the rise since the 2010s and which limits the possibilities of access to sustainability and better living conditions (ECLAC, 2019), a fact that has been intensified with the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic (FAO, 2021). 4. The COVID-19 pandemic that has given rise to new vulnerabilities and conditions for access to food, resulting, among other things, in the stunted growth of infants under five years of age. The method used is documentary review. It concludes on the relevance of food security for the achievement of sustainable development, for the reduction of poverty and structural asymmetric conditions, without failing to recognize the distance that exists to reach the fulfillment of these objectives, especially in convulsive scenarios such as those of the global South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This papers aims the unconstitutionality of articles 142º and 181º of the Political Constitution of Peru, regarding the irreversible and unchallengeable nature of the resolutions issued by the National Election Jury, through the legal institution of electoral protection, whose main purpose of challenging the final decisions of said electoral body against violations of citizens' political rights, such as political participation in electoral acts, due to the processes of registration of candidacies for the election of positions of popular mandate, in the counting process and in the proclamation of results, as well as in the registration process of political organizations. For this, we will expose, in the light of the interpretations of legal philosophy, the seven most important constitutional rulings of the Constitutional Court in matters of electoral protection, understood as a human right to free choice, which must be respected by all. It concludes on the relevance of the control of constitutionality before the actions of the National Election Jury, always having as its north the legitimate and legal practice of elections, as a guarantee of protection of the constitutional and democratic rights of all individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to evaluate, from a critical and philosophical perspective, the evolution of sound legal practices and their impact on the possibility of building social welfare, an essential element for the current democratic consolidation. He considers that humanization is a social possibility that occurs when establishing legal relationships with otherness. It is the configuration of law, of the legal system, the unequivocal manifestation of overcoming the concomitant biological determinations of the animal condition, so that, based on practices based on justice, ethics and politics, it is possible to expand the scope of the right and have a positive impact on the constitution and social development. Given this scenario, the right is considered as a collective asset, expressible in solidarity, compassion and in the encounter with otherness, mediated by the intervention of the social pact. It is concluded that the best jurisprudence is the one capable of regulating social relations, by virtue of promoting actions that humanize coexistence and penalize violations of the dignity of individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims the meanings of cultural diversity, multiculturalism and interculturality, interconnecting them to the educational act. In this way, it is based on the premise that diversity is something inherent to the human being, exhibits the peculiar qualities of the inhabitants of certain geographical locations and the traits that make their culture unique. Within this universe, multiculturalism is defined as the recognition of the existence of diversity, of conditions of respect and tolerance to coexist within society, but maintaining a hegemonic logos that conditions social practices, adapting to global interests that pose the diversity and inclusion, masking the Western hegemonic status. From this, the urgency of entering intercultural issues, in dialogue between cultures, is assumed, but the paradigmatic approaches of Bilingual Intercultural Education have failed to transcend the limitations of multiculturalism. Interculturality, therefore, has to be connected to decolonizing proposals, to the transformation of reality, acquiring a genuine meaning in another pedagogical praxis, as another epistemic and political project, with the possibility of creating different imaginaries, where permanent processes take place. of changes, development and space for the integration of alternative identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the notion of moral sense in Hutcheson by proposing the thesis that its foundation rests on a plan designed by Providence, which has provided human beings with the capacity to approve moral good and evil. In this sense, we explain how moral approval consists in an internal perception of a sentimental character founded on the goodness of the divinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study is inscribed in the frameworks of the history of ideas in our America, as a concern to understand what was expressed about culture by this generation of Latin American Boom writers; whose phenomenon, with multiple objects of study, manages to interact the spheres of cultural life in the region from the sixties of the last century: the literary, the political, the editorial, the aesthetic; all dimensions necessary to generate more satisfactory and nuanced definitions than those presented by the critical-analytical apparatuses that reduce it to a movement, generation, group or literary style. This paper joins the effort to investigate and create more complete definitions for this phenomenon through the following methodologies: literary historiography, Mikhail Bakhtin's theory of literary chronotopes and the thematic study of the literary corpus produced by the Latin American boom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I analyze two articulations of the philosophical actuality in Theodor Adorno's thought. Firstly, I determine the original configuration of the problem focusing on The Actuality of Philosophy (1931). In the second instance, I recover fragments of Towards a new manifesto (1954) with the aim of establishing the way in which such a question is reformulated thanks to the protagonism of critical theory's addressee. In this way, I seek to point out a series of considerations around the Critical Theory's actuality through the evocation of disquisitions on coloniality that emerged in Latin American philosophy, which point to the contemporary displacement of such theoretical orientation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to give a meaning to the post-capitalism signifier. For this, we have carried out a conceptual analysis of the literature on the subject in the main languages during the last three decades from the "signifiers" approach. Subsequently, we have carried out a deconstruction of the meaning of capitalism signifier to construct a plural and coherent meaning of post-capitalism, with which to then turn to empirical reality in search of its praxis. From this we have concluded that post-capitalism is a set of forms of organization of socioeconomic systems that are subsequent and alternative to capitalism. These forms are characterized by the non-preeminence of the free market as a resource allocation mechanism, or by the non-preeminence of private property as an instrument for the accumulation of wealth, or by the non-preeminence of selfish rationality as a criterion for making economic decisions, or by a combination of these traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to present a critical analysis of intrafamily violence, considered a social problem, of the living conditions of individuals, of the denial of their identity, of their rights and of the ways of interrelating with others. It includes a review of the definition of violence as a human problem, not limited to geographical dimensions, but intensified in different latitudes according to existing social asymmetries. According to the World Health Organization, domestic violence is a type of interpersonal violence, which is masked within social norms. It is usually physical, psychological and sexual, arising mainly in spouses, infants and adolescents, the elderly and the disabled. Although it is not a new scenario, the appearance of the COVID-19 pandemic greatly accentuated the vulnerabilities and the propensity to suffer violence within the home. For this reason, as it is a human issue, it has notable philosophical edges to consider, which lead to the revaluation of the dignity of individuals and the understanding of human complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is product of a hermeneutic-documentary exploration, which aims to specify the work of the university and university teaching in the current context. To achieve this end, the historical-conceptual origins of the university are indicated, marked by ecclesiastical influences, but which, with their development, gave space to increasingly broader knowledge, gaining the legitimacy of society, manifesting an autonomous structure, independent of the power of the State, the church and private enterprise. However, in recent times, the constraints of global society have distanced the university from its relationship with the community, locating it in utilitarian dimensions, for which it is required to rescue its primary sense, of a university focused on the progress of science and in the resolution of social conflicts. However, this is only possible to achieve with effective university teaching, challenging, promoting critical thinking, democratic and committed to citizen education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the development of the multimodal academic activities developed at the School of Philosophy of the University of Zulia, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic, the eventual sanitary confinement decreed by the Venezuelan executive on March 17, 2020, its subsequent easing and return to blended activities in 2022. This is a qualitative exploration, analytical-descriptive, in which interviews conducted with 12 professors and 26 selected students are evaluated, achieving an approach to the experience in multimodal education, its benefits, limitations and articulation with the development of competences of the philosophical field. Among the results obtained, the relevance of multimodality stands out as a flexible option that, supported by the use of ICT, has allowed the advancement and achievement of objectives, development of competencies, group skills, among others. However, the peculiar conditions of the Zulia State, such as the cessation of electricity supply, the failure of communication platforms, have hindered the fluidity of the teaching/learning processes, to which are added the precariousness in access to the latest generation equipment for tales fines Despite this, the School of Philosophy has maintained active teaching, research programs and projects, the training of educators and students, as well as the organization of events that strengthen the presence of philosophy within the national and international academic scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the role of corruption in social instances in Latin America, its effects and the perception that public administration has among citizens. To achieve this end, the following aspects are addressed: 1. The conceptualization of corruption, as part of a systematic framework, which distorts the scope of the public and private spheres, as well as the political, economic and power spheres, serving as a incentive for the breakdown of democratic institutions. 2. The failures of the State when it comes to dealing with corruption, which has resulted in its institutionalization, having a notable impact on public opinion, expanding through the media, making this a precarious condition within political agendas Latin American. 3. The critical review from the philosophical and legal postulates, which guide the treatment of corruption from clear and precise sanctions, which tend to strengthen the public sphere, democracy and the institutionalization of the State. It concludes in the urgency of promoting State reforms, establishing appropriate laws and sanctions for corruption cases, which, consequently, leads to the strengthening of the social fabric and the recovery of the State's credibility by the citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the meaning of the family in the light of economic thought. It is a complex issue, approached from various areas of knowledge, but essential to clarify conceptual positions and place it as the foundation of society and its interaction within the business environment. This topic has historical-philosophical relevance, since since Aristotle oikos has been understood as a domestic unit, house or family, a place where private interests, government and household administration converge. Originally, it was an unequal, despotic management, which served as the basis for improving citizen life, which, in its trajectory, broadened its understanding to come to think of itself in terms of natural or artificial coexistence. In its evolution, the family has been consolidating as a social organization and from this, to a business organization, where, through the representation of actors, they manage a family business, instilling a series of values, beliefs, but also having implicit dangers, such as nepotism or autocracy. Although the family business model has been extensively worked from administrative positions, it can serve to maintain the family, community and cultural identity, in the face of the advances of Western globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Historically, violence against women has been present in various scenarios and social contexts. It is an issue that does not escape the spaces of philosophical reflection, the struggles of feminism and the positions of international organizations responsible for ensuring the protection of human rights. By virtue of the foregoing, the article presents a critical analysis of violence against women, understood as a type of institutionalized violence, maintained over time, which implies the subordination of women to the patriarchal and phallocentric culture, which is evidenced in psychological, sexual and physical aggression and, ultimately, in femicide, as a condition of extreme violence against femininity. The method used for the elaboration of the work is the hermeneuticdocumentary. This paper is not intended to establish definitive positions, but to serve as a denunciation of the conditions of marginalization and objectification of women in current scenarios, particularly in Latin America, while promoting awareness of this masked reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explains what suffering-focused ethics are, and presents some of the main reasons in their support. It then discusses their implications for the moral consideration of animals. The paper argues that under according to these views, the harmful use as resources of animals should be rejected. It then examines those positions that accept the use of animals as long as it takes place in ways that reduce the harm inflicted by them. The paper presents several reasons why such positions can be challenged and why they conflict with what suffering-focused ethics imply. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aesthetic anthropology is the name that Christoph Menke has given to the project of displaying the paradoxical unity of strength and faculty that, in his opinion, occurs in the human being. This paper will analyze this proposal by confronting it with the position of one of his most recent critics, Georg W. Bertram. It will firstly take into account the relevance of thinking of the genealogy of the modern subject as an opposition between two aesthetics, that of force (Herder) and that of faculty (Descartes, Leibniz, Baumgarten and Kant). Secondly, the two pillars of aesthetic anthropology will be studied: the argument of pleasure and the argument that defends, against modern philosophy, the genealogy of the subject based on the opposition between force and discipline (in critical discussion with Heidegger, Ritter and Foucault). Lastly this paper will consider the arguments of the opposite position, represented by Bertram, who taking sides with the aesthetics of the faculty will defend the complementarity and dialectical unity between force and faculty, which in his opinion is based above all on the unacceptable ethical consequence of Menke's thought, namely: the partition into the good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to show the inextricable relationship between critical thinking and interculturality. It tries to answer the challenging question launched by Raúl Fornet-Betancourt about what critical thinking should be critical of, in order to explore the answer he himself offers: with the contemporary world. It is proposed in this paper to show that intercultural philosophy stands as the spokesman of that critical thinking that challenges the neoliberal hegemony of the capitalist and monocultural West. To do so, we base ourselves on the philosophical proposal of Fornet-Betancourt to advance from there to some characterizations of critical thinking as that which goes beyond simplifications and rather serves as an instrument to establish an intercultural dialogue with other ways of understanding the world. We explore the Andean proposal of Sumak Kawsay as an expression of critical thinking that questions, from a millenary knowledge and civilization, the very bases of Western developmentalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New ventures are part of the global reality, they are an alternative that drives the economy from various angles, being favorable to face adverse realities, such as that experienced by the COVID-19 pandemic. By virtue of the above, this paper, focused on the documentary research method, aims to analyze the figure of entrepreneurship, offering an interpretive and critical position. To achieve this end, the following aspects are considered: 1) The conceptual definition of entrepreneurship, which contemplates its economic meaning, its relevance for the social sciences and as mechanisms to establish relationships between entrepreneurs and the social conglomerate. 2) The ethical dimension of entrepreneurship, its link with social responsibility and with the obligations to the community, which makes us lean towards a definition of entrepreneurship linked to the strengthening of the productive economy and human relations. 3). The role of enterprises in the COVID-19 scenario, a moment characterized by the exacerbation of social asymmetries, the closure of companies, the sanitary confinement, but which also meant the promotion of various enterprises that kept society operational, offering goods, services and inputs in a novel way, supported by digital commerce and other alternative tools. It is concluded that new ventures are part of the current reality, they are a source of innovation, economic growth and effective mechanisms to face the logic of globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the theoretical-conceptual assumptions concerning cultural heritage and its link with Latin American cultural identity. To achieve this goal, we reflect on cultural heritage as a material, tangible and intangible asset of humanity, whose value is not obtained in a utilitarian way, but through its connection with the ancestral legacy and with social identification towards it. On the other hand, it points out the importance of the ownership and conservation of heritage buildings, which is why cultural management is essential, whose purpose is to summon the citizenry, the State and private entities to respect and value heritage, assuming a responsible, sustainable and sustained attitude towards emblematic historic buildings in Latin America, which have been victims of human intervention, violence, and various natural disasters. Finally, by understanding that adequate care and understanding of the historical, social and philosophical relevance of historical heritage buildings would improve not only the material conditions of the buildings, but also the citizen's conception of their identity and the role they play. as a mechanism of resistance to the changes sponsored by globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes a conceptual approach to human relations, situated from the approaches of administrative/organizational thought. It contemplates how the private company has grown according to the guidelines imposed by globalization, leading to the excessive accumulation of profits, leaving aside the valuation of individuals as worthy beings, which represents a misrepresentation of what should be the sense of belonging to the company. For this reason, we reflect on the urgency of directing organizational activity towards the search for the common good, based on an ethic of coexistence, whose purpose is to integrate the social with the labor, promoting the development of a series of axiological qualities to define. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a reconstruction of the critical theory of justice in recognition of Axel Honneth. Develops the idea of social freedom that supports his conception of justice, in confrontation with the ideas of negative and reflective freedom that feed the traditional debates of justice in contemporary political philosophy. It shows the scope and limits of the author's reflection and proposes Amartya Sen's approach to capacities as a framework for social analysis that contributes to correcting the deficiencies of the proposal for a critical theory of justice as recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researcher's belonging to a scientific community implies benefits but also, simultaneously, opportunity costs. The latter include the impossibility of questioning the foundations that explain the corpus of premises and regulatory ideas by virtue of which such collective conceives itself as the creditor of a given "impartial" knowledge. This paper will provide, in this sense, an analysis of the epistemic and sociological possibilities that researchers count on so as to question the set of such premises without this necessarily implying -in Kuhn's terms- the genesis of an abrupt paradigm change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is extracted from the research "Relationship between executive functions and social cognition with job performance in the Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios, seccional Bello" carried out in 2019. Social cognition as a fundamental part of higher cognitive processes and Person - Environment interaction is presented as a leading actor at work and in its manifestations, that is, the level of work performance is closely linked to social interaction skills. The article works with a population made up of university professors from the city of Medellín (Colombia) whose performance is variable but within the criteria accepted by that educational institution and who, in addition, do not present emotional alterations or mental illnesses categorized in the DSM -V. A series of tests are applied to this population that are detailed throughout the writing and a direct relationship between social cognition and performance is evidenced. This investigative work promises a great contribution to the improvement, not only of the performance of the teachers, but also of the quality of life of them and their families and the positioning and continuous improvement of the IES (Institutions of Higher Education). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims the theoretical underpinnings of globalization and western economic growth, being determining factors for the current environmental crisis. Under a bibliographical exploration, supported by the hermeneutical method, the urgency of questioning the dominant economistic model is raised, which exposes social asymmetries, human vulnerabilities, the loss of cultural identity and the reification of nature, under the premise seeking progress, conditioned by the interests of international organizations, not in accordance with the sui generis needs of peripheral countries. Following this line of argument, an ethical stance is assumed, where the urgency of rescuing man's relationship with nature prevails, possible through environmental education, which points out the relevance of the common good, of development in terms of sustainability, showing the possibility of advancing with perspectives of social change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I wish to explore how Wittgenstein's pyrronism can be understood. I do not want to get into discussion with authors who supporting or rejecting this appellation for Wittgenstein. My intention is considering the conflict of opinions, the suspension of judgment, ataraxy and philosophy as ethic and then analyzing whether through these concepts some kind of similarity can be established between Wittgenstein and pyrronism. In the same way, I consider it useful if the text serves to show that all the similarities between the way Wittgenstein's philosophy is conceived and the pyrrhonics can serve to defend Wittgenstein's neopyrrhonism as something more than a simple family resemblance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a Matyä’äky (interwoven word, talk, dialog), as a personal reflective account for the concretion of Wejën Kajën (Vargas-Vásquez et al.: 2008) in the educational field, which is a term of public domain within the Ayuujk people in its various dialectal variants. Ja matyä’äky is made from the Xaamkëxp variant; which is an inherent part of my being, with which I name and co-inhabit the universe, of the Ayujk people from Oaxaca, Mexico. It describes the collaborations, meetings and encounters that have been found over time to accompany this concreteness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the significance and the challenges of various decolonized practices in research and in social science training methods in Mexico and, particularly, in Chiapas, based on a Latin American approach to the field of studies conducted by intellectuals and activists involved in social movement struggles. We analyze different forms of intercultural dialogues used in decolonizing research in terms of social, ethnic and gender relationships, according to the contexts and the knowledge production of popular and indigenous movements facing politics, education and epistemic racism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper, developed under the hermeneutic-documentary method, aims to analyze the role of teaching English as a foreign language in the Latin American scenario. To achieve this end, the research explores the following aspects: 1) It presents the conceptualization of coloniality as a fundamental element for understanding colonial legacies, the advancement of global society and the epistemic impositions present in the Latin American region. 2) Point out how English has become the hegemonic language par excellence, transmitting, more than words, a cultural imprint that codifies existence, by promoting globalization, capitalism, as well as ways of living and expressing oneself, which do not reflect the reality of the regional context. 3) Indicates the role of English teaching in Latin America, which has been determined by the development of instrumental skills, which emphasize the monitoring and evaluation of students, leaving aside aspects inherent to the understanding of culture and intercultural dialogue. 4) It raises the urgency of decolonizing the teaching of English as a foreign language, modifying the banking conception of education, tending towards a critical pedagogy and the projection of an inclusive society. It concludes on the importance of the decolonization of knowledge, the dialogue between cultures and the use of other methods for teaching English. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes, from a philosophical perspective, the scope and limitations of organizational ethics in the context of the era of globalization. Through this exploration, developed under the hermeneutical-documentary method, the following aspects are considered: 1. The elements that make up managerial ethics, as well as the various contexts that constitute the fields of action of philosophy within this universe. 2. The vulnerabilities exposed by globalization, both at an economic, social, and administrative level, as well as in human aspects, which lead to valuing the importance of decision-making, as a fundamental aspect to consolidate spaces characterized by justice and social equity. 3. The challenges faced by business management in the face of the gaps that arose after the COVID-19 pandemic, which, although not new, are intensifying in the midst of asymmetric and dissimilar scenarios characterized by exclusion, marginalization and the invisibility of difference. It is concluded that, in the face of the rise of virtuality, which has strengthened the processes of globalization, an ethic must be maintained according to the guidelines of social responsibility, promoting values such as respect, tolerance, justice and equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper pursues the historical-philosophical clarification of the intersection of three concepts that have a special importance in contemporary debates that have a bearing on the understanding of what the human being is, both as an individual entity and its relations with others and, also, as a sometimes inhospitable place nucleated by irresolvable tensions. In this sense, Judith Butler's performative approach is of special interest, which can be understood, on the one hand, as a complex and critical transhumanism and, on the other hand, as a proposal to understand the human beyond humanism, without resorting, therefore, to foundationalist ideals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]