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Democracy is considered to be the ideal foundation of societies today. In a democratic society, news media play a highly relevant role as avenues by which public and political powers can interact with society and facilitate civic participation. The public’s perception of the news media’s reputation is a crucial factor for enhancing trust and citizen engagement. This article presents a study of the reputation of the media (paper press, digital press, radio and television) in ten European countries: Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. A quantitative method was applied to the results of a survey conducted to determine the reputation of news media among a sample of the informed population in those countries (1,000 residents of legal age who used media at least two or three times a week). The concept of reputation is thereby characterized in its association with the media, identifying its integrating attributes and assessing its incidence in each type of medium. The results indicate that, although television is the most widely used medium, the printed press enjoys a higher reputation in most of the countries studied, being seen as having the attributes of credibility and informative rigor. This study provides a detailed analysis of the scores given to media reputation attributes in the considered countries. It also offers a ranking of the media with the highest reputation in the countries examined, as well as a description of the reputational position of each medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current transformations of the music industry continue a previous process, added to the changes brought about by digitalization, audiovisual convergence, and transmedia logic. A systemic approach is necessary to locate the new conditions of musical remediation and appropriation of music by the media industry and to inquire into the turn toward the visual of the music industry, which some authors have found in recent years. The period of lockdown due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) deepened a series of dynamics that combine the production and distribution of popular music with other sectors of the music industry. On the one hand, the video clip has become a multifaceted instrument after YouTube, which has made it possible to monetize music listening. Its forms of expansion colonize platforms, and its format and aesthetic model expand in duration in the visual album or are cloned for application to various microformats. Thanks to platformization, it acts not only as a promotional format but also as a listening medium. On the other hand, live music is a relevant diffusion field in popular music. In its retransmitted version, livestreaming of concerts consolidates another formula of innovation tending toward personalization. The paper's objectives involve reflecting on the logic of global modification of the creation and consumption of musical content in the current transmedia context and analyzing the dynamics of interaction between agents, considering the digitalization and platformization of musical content. The conclusions trace the possibilities of monetization and personalization of the experience of popular music and reflect on how the production conditions of creative agents in the current music industry and musical reception change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present a preliminary comparative analysis of the telecommunications and television systems in Mexico and Brazil. We begin by a brief presentation of the economic development problematic in both countries, in an historical perspective. Then, we present the evolution of both markets in the two countries, their organization models, structures and interrelations. Finally, we retake the theme of convergence in order to make explicit the actual situation of interindustrial and international competence in the considered sectors in the two main Latin America economies [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HbbTV technology and the growing penetration of connected televisions allow adding interaction on TV commercials, though its use is still testimonial. This paper aims to analyze the perception, preferences and motivations of users regarding interactive advertising. An experiment is designed in which the sample visualizes a rotation of commercials that includes three interactive ads and, subsequently, completes a questionnaire. Results show a lower perception of interactivity in older subjects, which are also more reluctant to interact with these ads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper/essay, the representations of trans people in Spanish series both on television and on streaming platforms will be analyzed, paying special attention to the new forms of masculinities, referred to as dissidents. From the pioneer Farmacia de Guardia to much more recent series such as Vis a Vis or Todo lo otro, there will be an analysis of the main characteristics of the trans characters (age, sex, social class, etc.), the reactions that they spark around them (acceptance, rejection, ignorance), as well as the story offered about transsexuality (if it is seen as a pathology, if there is a desire to change one’s physical appearance through hormones and/ or surgery, if the conception of having been born in the wrong body persists, etc.). It will be seen how this representation intersects and questions hegemonic masculinity. Finally, it will be observed how transsexuality is becoming progressively more visible in Spanish series, helping its normalization through different characters who bring this reality closer to the public, although not always in an inclusive way [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes as its object of study the production of Spanish feature films by Netflix. The main objectives are the analysis of Netflix's film production and marketing strategies in the Spanish market and the identification of the platform's relationships with Spanish production companies and television in the production or co-production of original content. The results highlight the integration of Netflix in the systematized dynamics of production and commercial exploitation of successful Spanish cinema. Netflix respects its legal obligations, but also takes advantage of a protectionist system for European culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Commission considers a priority endowing citizens the necessary information and knowledge to guarantee the success of the digital transition towards DTT in the member states. From this point, this article examines European and Spanish policies of transition and follows the citizen's behaviour towards DTT. In the last part of this work, an empirical research has been developed measuring DTT citizen's knowledge and perception from 2006 to 2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present investigation analyzes the scientific production of open access on the Ecuadorian television industry from the approval of the Communication Law in the 2013 to 2022. For the study, a bibliographic search is carried out in Scopus databases, Web of Science and Redalyc, as well as the virtual repositories of the Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar (UASB) and FLACSO, applying the proposal of the PRISMA declaration to 17 publications with the keywords: Ecuadorian television and television industry. This systematic review allows us to observe that the papers on the Ecuadorian national television industry are contributing to the Latin American school of the Political Economy of Communication although the fact that they have a relative sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women's football has been becoming popular in recent years, unfortunately in Latin America, more specifically in Ecuador, it is still a little seen sport and of low interest. This research paper seeks to analyze what role national televised media play in the development, growth and professionalization of this category of the most popular sport in the country, and the interest that Ecuadorian viewers have in consuming national women's soccer. Based on a quantitative and qualitative methodology, this research contains results of a survey conducted with the fans of the Ecuadorian club Liga Deportiva Universitaria, through the team's official mobile app; in addition to an interview with 4 Ecuadorian sports journalists about the current situation of the media with respect to women's football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1965, the journalist Daisy de Galard starts a new project on the French television, called Dim, Dam, Dom. This unconventional show combines the aesthetics of pop culture with several interviews to well-known characters of the French culture, such as Marguerite Duras or Agnès Varda. From a qualitative approach, this paper aims to underline the importance of Daisy de Galard as a pioneer of the French television that was able to see beyond the classic codes of television language. A legacy that has been decisive in the birth of hybrid languages such as reality shows or docufictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines segment-based shows and televisual nostalgia from the perspective of audiovisual documentation. Both phenomena have gained prominence in recent years among entertainment shows and represent a firm commitment to the increase in value of audiovisual archives. Segment-based shows are proposed as a curated audiovisual product. However, within this context of documentary product creation, there is concern that press archives, when compared with television archives, are facing a difficult future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are multiple lines of research on this subject, such as issues related to social responsibility, regulation, transparency, plurality, effects on citizenship or regulatory framework, among other issues to be taken into account in a new television, which today has digital platforms for broadcasting and reception. This research analysed, from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, the articles with the greatest impact on the Web of Science, focusing on television quality. We have worked with a total of 155 scientific papers cited on 50 occasions. All these papers belong to the category of Social Sciences or Humanities. The impact on technical issues, on the technological process, is the main conclusion of this study, in which the aspects linked to the transmission of healthy habits represent most of what can be considered an analysis of the effects of the television media. This approach represents a very limited vision. Similarly, the innovations allowed by the Internet are investigated from a technical point of view of usability and interactivity, rather than from the assessment of the transformation of the process and its influence on citizenship. Other issues of greater social importance, such as the role of television and its social responsibility, are relegated to a minority presence and its dissemination in academic environments of lower impact. In many cases, these are realities circumscribed to a specific country, as in the case of the regulatory framework. Finally, the general conclusion of the research indicates that television quality is a multifaceted theme that must be analyzed and its impact evaluated from multiple approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evolution of television viewers' consumption habits explains the renewal of their interests as objects of study. One of the current trends is the production of original contents by VoD streaming platforms, where fiction series starring teenagers stand out. This paper analyzes the representation of teenage characters belonging to the LGTBIQ+ community in a Netflix original series, Sex Education. This series stands out for the diversity in the typology of its characters. The results conclude that even if the intention of the series is to represent diversity in the characters' identities, the series is based on presenting stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the potential of the fake documentary or mockumentary as a persuasive tool. Framed in the theory of cultural imperialism, this article analyzes Inside the war room (BBC, 2016), a tv-program that generated a multitude of polarized reactions among political and journalistic actors. The instrument used has been the Critical Discourse Analysis, which has allowed to relate text and context. The main conclusion of the study is that the false-documentary is a genre articulated around particular narrative, expressive and argumentative forms that stress the reality-fiction relationship in order to provoke a sense of insecurity in the viewer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades of the XXth Century and the early years of the XXIst Century there has been unparalleled development in the field of science and technology; yet the dissemination of misleading pseudo-scientific content has proliferated with the advent of digital media. Through a quantitative analysis, the paper analyzes The Goop Lab (Netflix, 2020), the informative series on alternative therapies conducted and produced by actress, entrepreneur, and influencer Gwyneth Paltrow, and aimed at an eminently female audience. The aim is to show how the business and transmedia bet of goop, a brand created by Paltrow around the lifestyle (which covers nutrition guidelines, therapies of oriental spirituality, beauty products, exercise, sexual advice ...), proposes an aspirational discourse based on an implicit promise of physical and/or psychological. It is concluded that this space appropriates the rhetorical strategies of scientific discourse as well as feminist postulates in order to obtain social validation and increase the audience and sales of its products and treatments. Finally, a taxonomy of the pseudoscientific rhetorical resources is made in order to promote an efficient and responsible use in the transmission of media informative contents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The currently dominant model of scientific production in the field of communications research exhibits an over standardization of mainly empirical research, which is overwhelmingly carried out using quantitative techniques based on simple statistical analysis, in many cases limiting the presented results to an interpretation of the available data. This paper presents an innovative proposal in the field, designed as a new strategy for scientific dissemination and presentation. It puts forward the objective of building three composite indicators that, applied to European public service media, will allow the assessment of the perception of their social value, independence, and management efficiency. Moreover, a study that enables a comparative vision of these three issues in all the countries of the European Union, excluding Malta and Luxemburg, is also proposed. This methodology represents an innovation because it thoroughly explains the process and justifies the validity of the documentary sources used to facilitate their reproduction or questioning. It also reinforces the discussion of the results with the evaluation of the indicators' robustness before deciding which of them is most appropriate on each occasion for comparing the results using a multicriteria decision analysis technique, the Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (Topis) method, proposed by Hwang and Yoon (1981). The results attest that synthetic indicators are an innovative, original, and validatable methodological tool that can contribute to the progress of research in the field of the communications sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a methodological exercise carried out as part of a research project on the new modes of construction of police news on television in Argentina. The topic of insecurity is part of a social, cultural and political process linked to the growth of violence and crime in contemporary societies, but also to the increase and transformation of its visibility. From the hypothesis that the media are central in the construction of public spaces, we investigate the production of content regarding "insecurity" in television news, focusing on the ways of accessing the sources, circulation of information, news presentation strategies and how audiences decode and interpret them. To reach this objective, we observe simultaneously three space-situations during a central TV news show broadcast by an over-the-air channel in Buenos Aires. On one hand, we analyze the production of news, from the broadcasting room and the main live reporting from the street. On the other hand, we also study news reception by visualizing the same TV show in a family environment. The experience involved the participation of four researchers in three different locations. The paper presents the potentiality and difficulties that emerged from this multi local and synchronic observation exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The electoral debates on television are consistent with previously agreed conditions, within the legal canons established by the LOREG. However, in the current communicative environment, there exists a parallel debate on the second screen which is not subjected to any control. This paper analyzes the conversation generated on Twitter during eight debates, broadcasted by the regional television corporations during the campaign of May 26, 2019. Methodology: Using the hashtag provided for each TV entity, an analysis of the main nodes interaction and the activity of the official Twitter profiles of televisions during the meetings has been performed. Results and conclusions: The results indicate that only in some cases televisions manage to be relevant in the parallel debate on Twitter and that they hardly use the potential of the social network to generate conversation. On the other hand, equity from TV corporations is subjected to their own deontology, when they mention to different political parties on Twitter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditionally, the field of politics, while influencing television shows, did so in a few genres' news and political information programs' whose conventions acted as a break on its treatment as a spectacle or reality show. But recent years have seen quite a transformation which is the focus of this paper. This is the takeover of the realm of politics by the spectacle of the real with no limits on the hyping of topics, characters and political conflicts. This paper conducts both a quantitative and qualitative investigation of this topic. More specifically, we carry out a test for such a transformation via textual analysis of a Spanish TV program: El objetivo [The Target/Lens] on La Sexta Spanish TV channel. The results of the analysis confirm a fundamental transformation of the interview format in which the presenter acquires a more prominent role than the interviewee in terms of both her continual visual presence and of imposing the rules of the game. In this new format, she constantly interrupts the interviewee and demands headline-grabbing responses. Finally, the results confirm how this rise of the interview as spectacle involves an emphasis of the issues aiming to the trivialization of political content and attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-cultural remakes of fiction series are not a new phenomenon, but they do constitute an increasingly frequent type of TV adaptation around the world. From the point of view of audiovisual production, the academic research conducted about these processes is still scarce. It is therefore essential to define the different professional profiles involved both in the purchase and sale and in the production of this type of adaptations. This paper combines the review of existing literature about the agents of television production and interviews with five professionals in the industry. The methodological conjunction of these two dimensions (academic and practical) allows us to offer a more complete categorization of these television profiles and their functions. Although many of the figures involved in the creation of remakes are also present in other types of television productions, this analysis enables the identification of those whose roles are particularly relevant in the specific case of cross-cultural remakes: the consultant or flying producer, distributors and agents or representatives. The systematization of these profiles and their objectives and functions within the different phases involved in the adaptation of a television series contribute to a greater understanding of this phenomenon on a global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spanish public television has suffered a serious loss of audience during the five-year period between 2010 and 2015. This period was marked by the introduction of digital terrestrial television in Spain, the elimination of commercial advertising in public channels and the new legal framework introduced by the General Law of Audiovisual Communication (2010), all of which are aspects that directly affected the television audience. The purpose of this paper is to gain a greater knowledge of Spanish audience and its behavior with regards to all public channels (La 1, La 2, Clan, tdp and 24 horas) from the year of digital transition (2010) to this day (2015). We will focus particularly on La 1, as the main generalist network of the group. The objectives of the research are the following: to become familiar with the Spanish viewer's profile with regards to the television medium and to analyze the longitudinal behavior of the audience regarding all public channels. The methodology used was the case study. It is concluded that, if this trend continues, the public television offer regarding audience is on the way to becoming purely testimonial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reputation, credibility, and accountability are the cornerstones of governing public service media in order to sustain and increase its legitimacy in society. To achieve this objective the management policies of public service media must be maintained and enhanced according to their mission. It is also necessary to develop strategies to improve the communication of the social value of pubic broadcasting in the media ecosystem. On this basis, this paper discusses the need for and challenges of stabilizing assessment indicators for public broadcasters' news services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firstly, this paper aims to analyze the situation of the consumption of news and audiovisual contents by adolescents and young people through Internet. Secondly, it also tries to delimit the methods of consumption measurement, both from the professional and academic area. The expertise research shows that young people are still interested in news, although some changes are taking place in their pattern of consumption, characterized by casual access to the news in social networks, monitoring internet and access to traditional media to get further information only when a new especially attracts the attention. Cyberspace is presented as an essential tool for entertainment, supplementary to television. Young people access broadcast scheduling through different devices, and their main interests are fiction television series, movies and entertainment programs. Finally, methods of digital audience measurement are described and their low impact on academic research is confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparative analysis between the two most important private platforms on Spanish television. It provides a content analysis of the four principal channels in Atresmedia and the four principal in Mediaset (including generalist and thematic channels) to show that both media groups have very similar scheduling strategies that favors the lack of pluralism on the Spanish media system. It is concluded by the comparison of the figures that this private duopoly has resulted in two media platforms that broadcast nearly similar products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cognitive neuroscience has provided a better understanding of the impact of media stimuli on cognitive and emotional processing. This article offers an exploratory bibliographic review on the contribution of neuroscience in the design of audiovisual content (N=57). This review was carried out in three stages: a) review of unstructured information; b) analysis, organization, and synthesis of content; c) conclusions. Likewise, interviews with experts in the television field, neuromarketing consultants, and neuroscientists (N=10), support the conclusions from the bibliographic review. Subsequently, the paper provides a set of scientifically endorsed guidelines for the efficient design of TV content for entertainment, education, and information, based on storytelling, edition, and the creation of new platforms. The bibliographic research reveals that emotion and attention are the key indicators of effectiveness for the design of television products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TV fiction assumes a socializing role that influences the configuration of the collective identity. So that, the influence of fiction on the social construction of women becomes very important thanks to its ability to configure identities, influence behaviors and condition the socialization process. This paper aims to deepen the temporal and historical evolution of woman representation in Spanish fiction and to establish perspectives in this representation. For this, we have worked on a qualitative methodology, with a socio-semiotics focus, that analyzes the longest series with more audience in the history of Spanish TV fiction, from two contexts: Family and profesional, to know the role that has been given to women in different contexts of fiction. The results provide relevant conclusions about the role of women in Spanish TV fiction: the woman in the family context continues assuming the role of mother and wife, while in the work context, she develops her work under the control of man. All this, with reflections of empowerment that, after all, do not eliminate the patriarchal marks of society and, therefore, of TV fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the formal assumption of the principal of equality between men and women, social research is concerned with the existence of a regressive metadiscourse within cultural industries. It consists of a set of messages that instrumentalize feminist rhetoric to hide antifeminist positions through ambiguity and confusion. Academic texts still lack the theoretical impulse to unveil and conceptualize these notions, which challenge the emancipatory ethics of feminism and also women's freedom. This paper intends to contribute to the elaboration of an epistemological framework to be applied in further research, offering examples through the analysis of television series such as Sex and the City, Desperate Housewives, Mad Men, or Girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Audiovisual media are part of children's daily life. They build and/or replace a part of the reality that is sometimes preceded. This paper is interested in one of the elements of the audiovisual binomial, the soundtrack, in order to analyse its meaning and sense from the children's point of view. The objectives are: to determine if the audiovisual media clips to which children are exposed (sound, image and all) are perceived differently; to establish the possible differences in the assessment they make when comparing the sound and image presentation modalities. Fourteen audiovisual media (movies, series, cartoons and documentaries) were identified by 115 children (10-12 years old) as preferred. Audiovisuals were edited in three modalities (sound, image, and all) and grouped into different series of three clips, which were watched in group sessions by 547 Spanish and Argentinian children (mean age: 11 years old). An Assessment Questionnaire of audiovisual clips was designed and implemented. Results showed differences in the meaning of the soundtrack in three of the five categories of the questionnaire. The significant predominance of the sound in series, documentaries and, especially, movies is highlighted. Contextual space-time elements, affective implications, feelings, and empathy as well as assessment of the experience are all perceived by means of the sound (the music). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are currently a large number of television series which focus on politics in the Western world. Most of these shows present a fictionalized account of politics in the local region or country. Using the Hallin and Mancini model (2004, 2012) as a starting point, this paper discusses the validity of a thematic geographic map for political shows, and correlates the map with the way female characters are represented. A thematic analysis of six series allows the researchers to observe whether or not internationally-produced series on political themes try to give greater importance to female characters in an attempt to overcome gender stereotyping. The results of this observation point to the continued existence of female characters appearing more in the private sphere than the public one. There are, however, differences between the television series that can be connected to the geographic location where they were produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Audience fragmentation, accompanied by other factors, has caused viewing figures to drop across most television networks. In a new context where what is a good audience share needs to be reconsidered, sport content stands out as arguably the last antidote against audience fragmentation. Methodology: This paper examines the role of sport content in Spanish television by compiling the most watched television programs each year from 1989 to 2016. Sport content in television is further discussed through focused interviews with eight professionals from media agencies, networks, media right holders and sponsors. Results and conclusions: The results suggest that networks have systematically capitalized on premium sport content (fundamentally football) to ameliorate the effects of audience fragmentation, and that, given the uncertainty concerning television business models, will continue to do so in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This work analyzes the introduction in Spain of the first systems of production and television broadcasting based on computer files technology, also known as MAM (Media Asset Management). The establishment of the different MAM systems as a digitization, has meant the replacement of the technology based on video tapes, due to the obsolescence of this system. Methodology: This work also establishes a parallelism in the MAM digitization between CNN (Atlanta, USA), Telecinco-Spain and Telemadrid-Spain. Results: this study seeks to gather information on the consequences of the change in the workflow on television that MAM digitization carries with it. Discussion: Implementation of MAM technology has meant a profound transformation of the basic processes of the production system in television. Conclusions: this paper deepens on the labor transformations of the different jobs that involved the adoption of the first MAM systems in the three television stations analyzed CNN (Atlanta-USA), Telecinco-Spain and Telemadrid-Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the main contributions of the TV broadcasters in Spain to the study of the relationships between television and childhood. It is justified by the need of compile and organise these contributions. Quality contents broadcasted for children, children consumption of television and the role of TV channels to transfer a positive image of the childhood have been the mainstays of this text. The information that we report is the result of the study carried out from Observatorio Comunicación y Sociedad. Methodologically, consulting scientific bibliography about television and childhood has made possible to put our study into context. After that, the use of questionnaire to people responsible of contents broadcasted for children by the main Spanish TV channels, and the analysis of the different experiences and work papers prepared by televisions, have allowed to create a setting with the broadcasters' main contributions to a new paradigm which improves the relationship between minors and television. The conclusion from the analysis and the consultation to experts point that, except in the case of the public state television and some regional televisions, the research and the redesign of the childhood/television relationship is not one of the channels priorities. In fact, only TVE has an important scientific production in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many things were in turmoil within the Uruguayan tv scene during the '90s: it was a period of relevant transformations in technologies, spectator practices and programming strategies. The inclusion of several products-which were then new for the medium-notably influenced the everyday audiovisual culture until today. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the landscape of television during that decade through those three dimensions. What novelties and what continuities are observed in the narratives, in the forms of entertainment/comedy, in the production of genres and formats, within that time-span? What repertoire of images was the public's imagination playing with in that period? Which stories, which topics, which languages penetrated into everyday conversations? These questions have guided the approach to the '90s tv presented here. A survey of the programming of the four national open channels-as it appears on the daily press between 1990 and 1999- was carried out along with an analysis of available audiovisual materials, and a revision of the academic writing about tv published at the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The BBC opened two public enquiries in 2015 during the drafting of the Report on the Reform of the Charter of the BBC, which will expire in December, 2016. Among the issues raised was the need to create new ways of audience participation. In fact, the BBC has taken steps to integrate audiences through its four Audience Councils: England, Wales, Scotland, and North Ireland. Likewise, in Spain, regional public television offers a specific way for public participation similar to Audience Councils: the Consejos Asesores. The research presented in this paper is based on the "classification of participation" offered by Carpentier and the British and Spanish cases, and it offers some indicators to assess and improve the participation of the audiences in Spanish regional public television. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has two purposes: one conceptual and the other practical. On a conceptual level, it outlines a model for understanding how TV operates as a social mediator in the event of natural disasters, and at the practical level, it recommends measures that can be used to optimize the role of TV and its ideal social function in contexts of crisis. This model views TV intervention as both «self-centered», that is, driven by its reproduction as a media consumption company; and «socially-centered», designed to respond swiftly and accurately to the social requirements that emerge in crisis situations. The suggested model is to be contrasted with the results of a research study conducted by the National TV Council of Chile that explored the role of TV broadcasting after the earthquake in February 2010. According to the results of the study, audiences value the amount of information broadcasted by TV networks but perceive that the predominance of its «self-centered» function creates a problem: the logic of the 'spectacle' is prevalent and exacerbates the audience's emotions. The primary purpose of this paper is to develop a strategy to recommend how TV and its associate services can respond to a crisis situation while respecting the tragedy of natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elderly people spend long hours in front of TV without any kind of planning. Thus, it is necessary to study TV consumption and offer guidelines to help them to watch TV from a critical point of view. This paper shows the results obtained immediately after a study carried out with people over 65 years who visit the centres for elderly people in Huelva in their free time. This paper shows with quantitative information the vision that elderly people from Huelva have about TV, and finally it proposes different progress actions that can reduce the time they spend in front of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows the results of a study on TV consumption at home that has been developed both in state and private Primary and High schools. This paper tries to emphasize the need for media literacy at home, including parents and tutors and taking into account the results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is usually known about television for children are the programmes broadcast. In contrast, the underlying criteria as well as their conditioning factors are largely unknown. This paper aims to unveil the television backstage, presenting and analysing the logics and strategic options that shape the conception, production and broadcasting of programming for children. In this way, this paper also intends to contribute to a wellgrounded knowledge about a reality quite present in children's daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper analyzes the results of a qualitative investigation developed by the Spanish public television on the values and characteristics of the national television fiction genre, as well as other aspects of its latest evolution. The conclusions of this qualitative analysis and the audience ratings confirm the hegemony of the genre within the generalist television programming. In the same sense, the paper analyzes its latest tendencies and what is called the last renewal of domestic television fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high production costs for most television fiction series means that they must draw a significant audience from the very beginning. It is very important that the audience enjoy the series. However, what factors have a bearing on audience enjoyment? The purpose of this paper is to identify the affective reactions of viewers that may have an impact on their evaluation of a given series. It also examines whether there are differences among viewers depending on their sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, television consumption habits and genre preferences). The study was conducted for Velvet by conducting personal interviews with 375 viewers of the show. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze the representation of health services in Mexican television, considering that television plays an important role in the production and reproduction of the social meanings of health. A descriptive study analyzed the contents of 672 hours of continuous television (media flows) broadcast in Mexico in 2011, examining advertising, television shows and newscasts. The analysis of all these messages shows that the representation of private care services predominates. When public care services are mentioned, the communication is mainly regarding the Seguro Popular de Salud [Popular Health Insurance, for those with low incomes], while the social security model of care is underrepresented. We therefore conclude that television favors the two first models of health care. This kind of representation could hold potential consequences for health subjectivities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the ways in which the myths of "romantic love" and "the better half" are reproduced in media fiction and examines how audiences read them. We focus on the relationship between Isabel (Adriana Torrebejano) and Cristina (Berta Hernández) -- characters of the TV series Tierra de lobos (Telecinco: 2010-14)-- and develop two research lines: the narrative structure of the series and viewers' response in different Internet forums. We conclude, firstly, that media discourse influences and shapes individual and social imaginaries regarding attraction models in lesbian relationships and, secondly, that the traditional attraction model prevails in the face of more egalitarian alternative models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crisis in mass media and the emergence of internet based media have generated mutations in political discourses. In this paper we will focus on the study of one aspect of the digitalization of politics: media interaction. We use tools of socio-semiotics, the mediatization of politics theory and theories of new media. The corpus consists of accounts in Facebook of the candidates for president in the election of 2011 in Argentina. Our hypothesis is that digital politics discursivities involve operations of apropiation of television discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high production costs for most television fiction series means that they must draw a significant audience from the very beginning. It is very important that the audience enjoy the series. However, what factors have a bearing on audience enjoyment? The purpose of this paper is to identify the affective reactions of viewers that may have an impact on their evaluation of a given series. It also examines whether there are differences among viewers depending on their sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, television consumption habits and genre preferences). The study was conducted for Velvet by conducting personal interviews with 375 viewers of the show. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the television broadcasting of a union dispute in Argentina is analyzed using the theoretical framework developed by François Jost. The "Authenticating Promise" model is employed to identify the generic promise of television news shows. The model is tested by analyzing the television news sequences that communicated the underground workers' emblematic union conflict in Buenos Aires City. The strategies and operations, employed by the television broadcasters that were used to fulfill their promise of showing the "objective truth" of this conflict, are also identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyse which production values are more determinant regarding the audience's quality perception with respect to different types of entertainment television genres. In order to develop this study, we have taken into account production values such as the creative and technical quality, the host, the set and the content. The main source of data for this empirical study is an original survey. The target population consisted of the Spanish population and the sample was designed to be representative. The results show that in spite of the emergence of the connected TV -resulting from the convergence of television and the internet-, which is profoundly changing the audiovisual market, the cornerstone of their business remains the same: content quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

40 years after the coup d'état in Chile (2013), the mass media and especially television broadcasting commemorated that date with special programs formats of fiction and reality. The media impact of some of these emissions were not expected, among other things, achieved high audiences and because it is an election year for president in the country in which they faced, as candidates, two daughters of generals who played an important both for and against the dictatorship paper. The events linked the coup d'état were updated -were brought to present-and reorganized into new stories. They are perhaps the same images that had already been released in past celebrations but in different reference frames. This selection and ordering highlighted certain facts and hiding other possibility is this narrative power. So who controls the mass media, controls the stories and images that spread and affect the construction of social imagination and collective memory. From this case we will reflect on the role of television in the mediation of the images and the visibility of unresolved problems in these 40 years, focusing on the complex relationship that exists between the political system and the media system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research was to analyse the advertising of food broadcast by the two Spanish private thematic channels aimed at children with more audience in Spain (Neox and Boing). A content analysis was made in order to study the commercials showed during the hours of children's enhanced protection established by the normative of this country. The paper presents the increasing concern about kids' obesity and the role of food industry. Healthy lifestyles are promoted through messages printed in the ads that children see on television. Nevertheless, a varied diet and regular exercise is pushed into the background as a result of the strong commercial strategy of this sector's brands. The pitch is the bonus that the consumer receives with the product instead of the nutritive characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper relates the pleasure and the fondness for reading to the time students spend watching TV or playing video games in their leisure time, and how these correlate with academic performance, measured by school marks. The sample comprised a total of 510 Spanish Primary School students from public and private schools. Data were obtained through questionnaires administered to parents. The results showed that the pleasure of reading mantained significant and positive relationships with academic marks and correlate negatively with television watching hours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]