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Copyright of Revista de Antropología Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent decades, technological and methodological advances, such as satellite information, computer power, geospatial analysis and algorithm development have facilitated the search for solutions to complex problems like global change. These advances resulted in the development of platforms for ecosystem services (ES) modeling, which quantifies nature's benefits and evaluates the effects of human activity. Currently, various platforms are available, each with different characteristics that make them more suitable depending on the context. Among these platforms, k.LAB stands out for being free, open source and based on collaborative science. It also utilizes artificial intelligence to integrate different modeling approaches. One of its main advantages is its versatility in meeting the needs of different users, from programmers and modelers to decision makers. However, k.LAB is relatively unknown among those who quantify and map ES, especially in Latin America. This limits its potential utilization, similar to what has been observed with other freely accessible and open-source tools like R. The adoption of such tools typically requires time to develop tutorials, reviews and discussions in specialized journals. The objective of this paper is to introduce the capabilities of k.LAB within the context of SE modeling platforms. We first provide an overview of ES modeling platforms, highlighting some of the most widely used ones. Then, we delve into the technical and philosophical aspects that characterize k.LAB. Subsequently, we present a case study focused on the northern region of Argentinean Patagonia, where we utilize modeling applications to map three ES (carbon sequestration, pollination, and outdoor recreation) for users with no programming experience. Finally, we outline desirable features of SE modeling platforms and discuss some of the advantages and limitations of k.LAB compared to other alternatives. We hope that this material offers a useful general framework for SE modeling and expands the range of tools available to address global change issues in Argentina and the rest of the countries in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Montes is the property of Colegio y Asociación de Ingenieros de Montes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuaternario y Geomorfología is the property of Cuaternario y Geomorfologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Coastal studies have a great relevance historically. This increase in the last with the new technologies and the possible global change impact. In this context, open-source tools represent a key element in these investigations. The present project analyzes the advantages and problems of open-source tools for estimate coastal variations and volumetric changes. For this purpose, a small sector of the Galician coast was used as an example. The open-source approaches have produced similar results to those obtained with proprietary software (ratios ≥ 0.97). In some cases, these methods improve processing times and allowing to users better possibilities for customization and decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Collectivus. Revista de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Universidad del Atlantico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Collectivus. Revista de Ciencias Sociales is the property of Universidad del Atlantico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dissent is a source of scientific progress. Confirmatory bias in scientific communities limits their growth and development by making it difficult for dominant ideas to be replaced by those emerging from new research. I present four groups of findings that challenge well established dominant views (consensus) in the community of ecologists: 1) habitat fragmentation does not generally result in biodiversity losses at the landscape scale, 2) non-native species invasions contribute to increases in biodiversity of plant communities and may even contribute to a diversification explosion during the Anthropocene, 3) planetary primary productivity is increasing, the global area of forests is not decreasing, desertification and burnt area are not expanding (there is no generalized 'degradation' of ecosystems), and 4) organic agriculture and landscapes mixing agriculture with (semi) natural ecosystems generally result in decreases in yield, which (in contrast, for example, with GMO-based agriculture) increases the demand for land, further threatening biodiversity and ecosystem services of natural ecosystems. I propose five non-exclusive hypothetical mechanisms to explain the confirmatory bias in ecology: intellectual conservatism, aesthetic and ideological preferences, and the influence of political-institutional and economic power. Challenging established consensus on the basis of new information should imply disruptive changes in the scientific and political agendas which had them as their foundation. The earlier this happens, the faster science will advance and the more effective environmental policies will be. In order to make this happen, I suggest the scientific and educational agenda should be specifically directed to counter the confirmatory bias by promoting critical thinking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use and land cover changes have been studied in different regions of the world and it has been demonstrated that their effects, combined to the current trends in climate change, have negative consequences for human societies and ecosystems. This paper presents the results of a study of changes in land use and land cover that took place over the period 1986-2010 in the drainage basins of Escaba reservoir, Tucumán, Northwest Argentina (NOA, for its acronym in Spanish). To meet the proposed objectives, the techniques employed were preprocessing and supervised classification of Landsat TM images of dates: 08/23/1986, 08/18/1996 y 08/21/2010. A confusion matrix analysis was performed on the land cover maps obtained to determine their adjustment to terrain characteristics. Also, the magnitude of change in the surface was quantified for each land cover type identified in the study area. The detected changes revealed that during the period 1986-1996, the processes of deforestation and forest recovery occurred simultaneously in different places across the study area. In the period 1996-2010, the processes were stabilized; however, the increase of forest surface in the upper areas of the studied basins was evident. The detected changes related to forest recovery would be related to rural-urban migration and the consequent abandonment of agricultural lands, while the advance of forests over areas previously covered by grasslands can be linked to the effects of global warming at a regional scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the second half of the 20th century, many Spanish Mediterranean areas have undergone important land use changes as a result of socioeconomic development (industrialization, urbanization, intensification of agriculture and livestock, dry crops abandonment). This paper describes, maps and quantifies the main transformations that have occurred in the middle Túria basin, an example of a medium Mediterranean mountain situated in the transition between the inner highlands and the coastal plain affected by the expansion of the Valencia metropolitan area. Photo-interpretation techniques and the analysis of series of the NDVI vegetation index obtained from satellite images have been used. The dynamic cartography of land use changes between 1956 to 2010 has let us identify the type and magnitude of the changes in order to be able to establish in the future the environmental implications in the hydrological response of the basin. Changes have been observed in 60 % of the basin, mainly the expansion in forest cover (scrub and forest) on the mountain areas and changes from dry to irrigated crops (citrus), showing a greening landscape which is in agreement with the process observed in other areas of Spain by other authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Geológico y Minero is the property of Instituto Tecnologico Geominero De Espana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper shows the translations and variations of the smart city model in Latin American cities. The smart city has emerged as a new urban model based on the use of technologies to respond to the varied and complex challenges facing contemporary cities, ranging from security to climate change. Based on the policy mobility approach, the network of actors committed to the diffusion of this urban model is identified and the inclusion of the smart city's narratives and projects in the debates and agendas of the planning and governance of the Latin American cities. The results reveal the prescriptive character of the model, its standardization, and the conformation of an "elite epistemic community" that has been decisive in the narrative and material production of the smart city in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the presence of contents related to the ecological transition and the climate emergency in the Tourism degrees in Andalusia. To this end, the curricula, programs and teaching projects of the subjects were compiled and the competences and contents were analyzed. Finally, global and specific results (by universities or departments) have been obtained. The results show a limited presence of related contents and the absence of emerging concepts about global challenges and new patterns of tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad is the property of Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Biologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Montes is the property of Colegio y Asociación de Ingenieros de Montes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Daena: International Journal of Good Conscience is the property of Spenta University Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innovacion Educativa is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A good agricultural burn is characterized by a complete combustion of the biomass and the contained propagation of the fire. This article documents the local knowledge and practices of agricultural fire management in Calakmul, Campeche, and analyzes the extent to which farmers adjust their practices according to environmental conditions, particularly to variations in the precipitation pattern, critical for a good burn. The comparison of practices and meteorological registers suggests the complex understanding of farmers about the weather. Moreover, it allows the identification of the adjustments of fire management practices in dry and wet years. Finally, the paper emphasizes on the relevance of considering climate variability in the design of institutions that best fit the local conditions which are the key for fire management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Semata: Ciencias Sociais e Humanidades is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Tikuna Indians from Yahuarcaca (Leticia, Amazonas) face social, economic and cultural transformations that belong to globalization, under their own logic of appropriation and differentiation. Despite the discourses and practices of sustainable development through multicultural recognition, forms of articulation of the indigenous communities with the state and the market are subject to permanent negotiation through the many projects that relate to those communities. Those projects might bring the desired development for communities, but also the problems that come associated with them, such as economic inequalities, institutional dependency, and overall, the loss of autonomy and identity. For that, the discourse of ethnicity becomes a political tool with which to arrange or negotiate their autonomy and dependency. Those negotiations, instead of being discussed in a political way as understood in Western cultures, are rather driven thought specific practices to keep what belongs to them. The struggle for autonomy balances between managing their own practices and the appropriation of the foreign ones. So the challenge is twofold: not only it is necessary that indigenous adapt creatively to the current national and international situation, but also that members of national and international organizations adapt to the needs and characteristics of the indigenous cultural logics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the method assumed in a research conducted to identify the Global Change Syndrome with more possibilities in an area of the Camagüey province to be used as a Systemic indicator of the Environmental Sustainability Management of the Land, based on the expanse of their presence. It is facing a complex problem emerging from the interaction Nature-Society which implies that the process for the election of the syndrome with more significance is of a high complex; argued by the existence of several criteria such as: soil degradation, climate change, loss of biodiversity, deforestation, lack of water, overexploitation, ocean pollution, and global development disparities what make necessary to use and integrate tools that enable to face this problem. The selected tools were: Methodology of the Concept of the Global Change Syndrome, Expert Analysis according to the Successive Intervals method or Green and Hierarchical Analysis AHP method, integrating a method of a great access with the combination of these, which allowed optimizing decisions concerning with the most appropriate syndrome among the most similar to the agricultural management despite their complex behavior. This constitutes a contribution to the methodology of the Global Change Syndrome that allows obtaining results with less uncertainty; all this has been an innovation to the methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) have been widely used as indicators of environmental change. This paper analyzes its diversity and distribution in an environmental gradient, ranging from extremely arid to intense rain areas (Desert to Patagonia). Arid zone shows an almost complete absence of EPT species, while the highest diversity is found in Mediterranean and temperate areas between 33°S and 42°S, with a significant diversity in Patagonia which also has high endemism. When analyzing distribution patterns based on similar taxa, it is observed that the mayfly group differs in species composition between the Mediterranean and Patagonia areas. Plecoptera is a group widely distributed discontinuously in patches, similar to Trichoptera, showing consistent differences in species composition between the Mediterranean, Temperate and Patagonian areas. Global environmental changes could seriously affect the Mediterranean area, contributing to the disappearance of some sensitive species. The high diversity at family, genus and species, together with its high endemism in these three groups compared to other latitudes, shows the importance of protecting and conserving Mediterranean ecoregions, Temperate and Patagonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the circumnavigation of the globe by the research vessel Malaspina in 2010, with a focus on its oceanographic research in the Pacific Ocean. It describes the goals, itinerary, and international academic and other sponsors of the expedition, comparing them to those of British naturalist Charles Darwin and Italian-Spanish explorer Alejandro Malaspina. Among other information included are a picture of the vessel showing its scientific apparatus which is also discussed in detail, a chart of the vessel's course with dates and location listed, and actual scientific tasks conducted aboard the ship. Personnel are also addressed.

Copyright of Polis (07176554) is the property of Polis - Revista Academica Universidad Bolivariana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using protected areas to conserve nature has, in recent decades, acquired significant importance in the international policymaking arena. Despite a solid legal base, protected areas in Colombia face various obstacles. The divergent narratives between the natural and social sciences underline these challenges: i) defining the object of conservation in terms of exclusion through positive scientific analysis; ii) the concept of the natural in opposition to the cultural; iii) an emphasis on the object of conservation that can sometimes cause the stakeholders involved to become invisible; iv) that the conservation of nature has limited legitimacy since it is perceived to be the historical product of conquest and frontier expansion; v) the emergence of conflicts between human rights and collective environmental rights, vi) the socio-environmental perspective of conservation in which the devolution of land rights to local communities and the conservation of nature are sometimes confused as a decision that benefits the larger society. Nature conservation could be pursued through the integration, at a national scale, of a protected nature which arises as a legitimate social decision, and in a multi-cultural perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article puts forward an explanation of climate change within the context of global change. Climate change can be seen as the spearhead; as a manifestation of the increasing unsustainability of planet Earth. We consider some of the effects of this change, examining its uneven impact on developed and underdeveloped countries. We then put forward various proposals of how to deal with climate change, highlighting Socolow's theory in particular. Lastly, we move on to the debate raised by climate change, its impact and possible strategic steps to remedy the situation within the context of environmental sustainability. This will probably lead to a new economic, social and environmental paradigm for the 21st century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]