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Eichhornia crassipes is an aquatic plant present in bodies of water with excess nutrients, which favors its growth and causes negative environmental and social impacts, a situation that promotes the search for alternatives for its use. The objective was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of E. crassipes as a substrate for germination in vegetables and in the form of bocashi for radish development. As a germinative substrate, dry and ground E. crassipes was mixed in four different proportions with compost and agrolite, considering a control treatment of 100 % E. crassipes. Under a completely randomized design, seeds of Solanum lycopersicum, Cucurbita pepo and Cucumis sativus were germinated. In another trial, a bochashi was carried out with fresh E. crassipes, which was applied at doses of 0 %, 15 %, 30 % and 45 % in Raphanus sativus. Germination varied in the treatments with E. crassipes from 0-99 %. Amounts of 25 % and 50 % of E. crassipes showed the best physical and chemical characteristics as substrates. Bocashi made with E. crassipes showed advantages in radish bulb quality, indicating a dose of 15 % as recommended for its production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), of American origin, represents one of the most used species today. Mexico is an important center of origin, domestication and diversification of the genus Cucurbita. Pumpkin production in Mexico places it in sixth place. This crop has as main limitation for its production the incidence of different harmful organisms, where foliar diseases of fungal origin are the most important, where powdery mildew stands out with economic losses of 50 to 100 %. For proper management, an important element is the correct identification of the causal agent, since two different genera and species are associated with the disease. Worldwide, the identified species that infect the Cucurbitaceae family are Podosphaera fusca (Fr.) Braun &. Shishkoff (syn.: Sphaerotheca fusca (Fr), Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff) or Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) V.P. Heluta. The control of the pathogen has been carried out mainly with the use of fungicides. However, its use causes negative effects on the biodiversity of agroecosystems, which can cause irreversible damage to the environment, increase production costs and enhance fungus resistance. Hence the importance of seeking new alternatives for its management, such as the use of oils, salts and biological control agents. This paper presents a review related to the updated identification of pumpkin powdery mildew, as well as trends in its management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first report of four species of Sesiidae (Lepidoptera) in the state of Guanajuato: Parenthrene tabaniformis boring trunk of Populus tremuloides (Salicaceae); Podosesia syringae in a branch of Fraxinus americana (Oleaceae); Melittia calabaza obtained from larva boring stem of Cucurbita pepo (Cucurbitaceae) and Synanthedon decipiens boring gall of Gelechiidae on trees of Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is the most important pest of maize and constitutes an ideal host for mass rearing of some natural enemies. Three substrates were tested: Zea mays, Cucurbita pepo, and Racinus communis to produce a more efficient and cheaper diet for mass production of S. frugiperda to be used as host. The life cycle of S. frugiperda did not differ in the duration of adult emergence between Z. mays (32.3 ± 0.4) and R. communis (32.8 ± 1.4), while C. pepo had the longest duration (37.0 ± 0.5). The difference in its biological cycle was observed when feeding larvae with R. communis leaves, which presented the best biological attributes such as higher percentage of egg hatching (95%), higher percentage of pupae (93%), higher percentage of adult emergence (78%), and higher number of eggs in the next generation (1,569 ± 32). Life tables showed low mortality rate (qx) and high life expectancy when fall armyworm larvae were fed R. communis. The logrank test indicated a difference between the different life tables between C. pepo and Z. mayz; C. pepo and R. communis; and R. communis and Z. mayz, with R. communis a better substrate for rearing S. frugiperda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to experimentally determine the quality specification limits for the Cucurbita pepo lipid extract, by using the tabulated K method. Using ten consecutive lots, an analysis was carried out of parameters such as specific weight, refractive indexes, acidity, saponification, peroxide, and fatty acid content (palmitic, stearic, oleic and linoleic). The distribution of the data was assessed. Then, the quality specification limits were calculated, for a 95% degree of confidence. The values obtained in the assessment of physical and chemical parameters demonstrated the quality of the extract, by adhering to the normal distribution of data, with probability values above 0.05. Using the tabulated K method were established unilateral quality specification limits to index of acidity and peroxide, fatty acid content, while to specific weight, refractive and saponification indexes were bilateral. The assessed lots of Cucurbita pepo lipid extract have adequate quality, considering the results of the evaluated parameters. The properties of the assessed lots showed a high degree of compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the work was to evaluate the development of Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun & Shishkoff in pumpkin crop during the years 2018 - 2019. The crop (Cucurbita pepo L.) (hybrid pumpkin material, Gray Zucchini) was established on a surface of 1 500 m2 where 25 plants were randomly selected, and three leaves per plant were labeled, in which incidence and severity were evaluated weekly using a degree scale. Weather variables were recorded. These results indicate that P. xanthii is present at 14 days after transplantation in the sowing from February to April; while from May to July, it is present after seven days, coinciding with the rainy season, conditions that indirectly favor the increase of relative humidity (23-63 %), causing the progress of the disease. The development of the disease was similar in both years (2018-2019), but not between the two sowing dates, with the first symptoms appearing seven days earlier, and with a severity of 0-9 %, at the second sowing time (May-July). The comparison of major components showed a relationship of temperature with the incidence and severity of the pathogen, but not with rainfall, since this factor does not condition the emergence of the disease. As an important result for Tehuacán region, it is suggested the month of February as the most appropriate date for planting the crop, with a low incidence and severity of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pumpkin cultivation (Cucurbita pepo L.) is relevant because it is one of the most important vegetables due to its consumption worldwide. However, a limitation for its production is the incidence of diseases, among which is the powdery mildew, causing losses of 50 % to 100 % in yield. Literature identifies two genera causing this disease worldwide: Golovinomyces cichoracearum (DC.) V.P. Heluta and Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) U. Braun &Shishkoff. Both genera were identified in different crops in Sinaloa, Mexico, but the causal agent of powdery mildew in pumpkin in Tehuacán has not been identified. Therefore, the objective of this research was to corroborate the presence of this pathogen in Tehuacán. The morphological and molecular identification was carried out considering the anamorph and telomorph states. The morphological analysis was made by means of optical microscopy and the molecular analysis by means of PCR. The ITS region of the ribosomal DNA (ITS1 5.8 S and ITS2) was amplified and its sequence was compared with the records of the Genbank NCBI. Powdery mildew showed simple conidiophores, mainly ovoid conidia with fibrosin bodies inside. The sexual phase showed spherical casmotecia with septated mycelial appendages, with an ovoid asca with an eye opening of 18.5 µm in diameter and eight ascospores inside. These characteristics and the sequences obtained coincided with those described for Podosphaera xanthii, which allowed the identification of this pathogen as the causal agent of powdery mildew in pumpkin in Tehuacán, Puebla. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cucurbitaceae contribute to the diet of the population, as well as to the economy of farmers; but are harmed by phyto-parasites like to Meloidogyne spp. The know about the root-knot nematode is empty to put suitable strategies to management. The objectives of this research were identified species of Meloidogyne genera in cucurbitaceaes and determine their distribution and occurrence in Arequipa, Peru. Roots of Cucurbita maxima, Citrullus lanatus, Cucumis melo and Cucurbita pepo were collected, identifying them by electrophoresis for the enzyme esterase. Meloidogyne spp. is present in 87.1% from places that were evaluated and M. incognita I1 (Rm: 1.00), M. incognita I2 (Rm: 1.02 - 1.07), M. incognita S2 (Rm: 0.87), M. arenaria A1 (Rm: 1.19), M. arenaria A2 (Rm: 1.19 - 1.25), M. hapla H2 (Rm: 0.95) and one specie atypical of Meloidogyne (Rm: 0.87) were identified with occurrences of 17.14%, 42.86%, 2.86%, 17.14%, 2.86%, 11.43% y 5.71% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innotec is the property of Laboratorio Tecnologico del Uruguay and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ingeniería Agrícola y Biosistemas is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study was carried out at Univiersidad Autonoma of Chapingo, Mexico, in 2004, to develop appropriate protocols for the induction of direct organogenesis and to characterize in vitro regeneration capacity of two squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) genotypes: the 'Brujita' variety and the 'Round Zucchini' variety (coat-less seed), and to develop acclimation procedures for plantlets obtained in vitro. Murashige and Skoog (1962) culture media, supplemented with 1,0 mg/l of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), was used. After three weeks of induction in the culture media, explants of the two varieties regenerated sprouted. Adventitious shoots were sub-cultured to allow their rooting and elongation in Murashige and Skoog media without the BAP hormone. The acclimation of the plantlets was carried out in plastic trays containing Peat Moss® as substrate and covered with transparent plastic simulating a "micro-greenhouse". In vitro multiplication rate differed among genotypes; the coat-less seed 'Round Zucchini' variety had 3,2 plantlets per bud (explant) and the 'Brujita' variety had 2,7, counted every twenty two days. The acclimation process used yielded 90% survival the 'Brujita' variety plantlets, and 76% survival in the coat-less seed 'Round Zucchini' variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two species of Pectobacterium which cause soft rot in Cucurbita pepo were identified, and their variability in response to biochemical tests was determined. The isolates corresponded to P. chrysanthemi and P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum; however, there was no precise correlation between the isolations studied and the identifiers commonly used for species determination of this genus. The factorial analysis of correspondence showed that variability in results for the biochemical tests performed, classified the isolates into four groups: two related to P. chrysanthemi and two related to P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum. Variables that contributed the most to formation of groups were production of acid from lactose, sensitivity to erythromycin (15 μg/disk), the use of keto-methyl glucoside, and production of reducing substances from sacarose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomical performance of seven "Anco" pumpkin cultivars in the semiarid region of La Pampa. A comparative yield and fruit quality experiment was carried out at E.E.A INTA Anguil during the growing season of 2008. All crops were planted on 25/11/08 and harvest of all materials took place on 17/03/09. Seven different cultivars were tested: Saxo (Basso), Experimental bushy material (INTA), Experimental material (INTA), Coco (Basso), Atlas (Sakata), Cuyano INTA and Waltham Butternut (Seminis). The experimental design was a randomized block with 4 replications. Each plot included 10 plants separated by 1 m and 2 m between rows. Statistical analysis using ANOVA and Scott & Knott test were performed on the data. Saxo and Atlas cultivars showed a significant total and commercial yields. In commercial yield besides the mentioned, the Material Experimental INTA stood up. The Material Experimental INTA showed a smaller percentage of waste, together with Cuyano INTA. Atlas showed a greater fruit size, reaching an average weight of 2.75 kg. Atlas and Waltham Butternut showed a cylindrical form of fruit, while the rest of the materials were piriform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) type "Negro Chileno" is the most cultivated in Chile; its fruit is conic shaped, elongated and dark green in color with light green longitudinal stripes. Plant and fruit characteristics are variable and it has a low yield potential. The scarce commercial cultivars available for this type of squash, the production and quality problems that affect the small farmer, and the high cost of seed of some hybrid cultivars, have been the motivation for this breeding project in the La Platina Research Center of the Agricultural Research Institute. Starting from plants selected from commercial plantings of the "Negro Chileno" zucchini and using self-pollination and inter-pollination methods were obtained pure lines, which were evaluated in different seasons and locations. This allowed the identification of several lines with very good growth, fruit quality and high yield potential, from which the variety Curital INIA was obtained. This new variety, of open pollination, is characterized by an erect growth habit, high fruit production at the first harvest, and an 18.9% yield increase with respect to the "Negro Chileno" type. Its fruit is of a cylindrical shape, brilliant, dark green color with light green stripes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]