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Copyright of Enfermería Neonatal is the property of Fundacion para la Salud Materno Infantil (FUNDASAMIN) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Hyaluronic acid injections are a common non-surgical treatment for knee arthritis, despite a lack of clinical evidence and agreement among medical organizations regarding its efficacy. According to previous research, the role that media plays in popularizing this therapy is a topic that needs to be analyzed. Objectives: To examine the information published by the Spanish media between 2012 and 2022 on this treatment in order to identify any bias that could justify the growing interest expressed by citizens concerning this treatment. Methodology: The study examines 103 news items obtained by MyNews and coded them by 10 criteria utilised by previous studies to analyse the information relate to emerging therapies. Results: The study confirms that the information published on this treatment is on the increase throughout the examined period. It also accounts for the most relevant trends in the news items according to the established criteria. Conclusion: The study concludes that the pieces of news examined about intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid show information gaps. Finally, the need for citizens to have accurate information about this therapy when making decisions is highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of FACSalud is the property of Revista FACSalud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Pediatría de Atención Primaria is the property of LUA Ediciones 3.0 S.L. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Nefrológica is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Enfermeria Nefrologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Antropología Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Antropología Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Casos & Revisiones de Salud is the property of Victor Manuel Mendoza Nunez, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Casos & Revisiones de Salud is the property of Victor Manuel Mendoza Nunez, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación en Salud VIVE is the property of Revista de Investigacion en Salud VIVE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ziconotide is a non-opioid intrathecal drug considered, along with morphine, the first line of intrathecal treatment for cancer related chronic pain and non-oncological chronic pain. Even though it is a safe and effective drug, it is not exempt from adverse reactions. Among the most feared are those related to neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression, or psychosis. We present the case of a 62-yearold man diagnosed with a chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with a neoplastic recurrence at the left lower back that causes nociceptive pain not controlled with systemic medication. An intrathecal pump containing morphine, ziconotide and bupivacaine was implanted. Afterwards, the patient began to manifest existential suffering and have thoughts of death. Suspecting that it could be an adverse effect of ziconotide, the infusion dose was reduced, achieving the disappearance of the neuropsychiatric symptoms with an optimal pain control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of sodium stibogluconate (SS) and meglumine antimoniate (MA) in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in a general hospital. Methods: Case-series of 193 patients with CL treated in three clinical trials with MA (n=69) and SS (n=124) during 2001-2010. Both study drugs were administered intravenously at a slow speed at 20 mg Sb5+/kg/day for 20 consecutive days following WHO-PAHO recommendations. Clinical and safety data were gathered from clinical files. Results: Demographic characteristics were similar between the study groups, but the size and number of lesions were higher in the MA group. Efficacy was 76.0% in the MA vs. 68.4% in the SS group (p=0.340) and 55.1% vs. 50.8% (p=0.570) in the per protocol and intention to treat analysis. respectively. Side effects more frequently reported were dysgeusia (37.0%). dizziness (32.0%). headache (36.0%). arthralgia (31.0%) and lymphangitis (21.0%). These first three symptoms as well as elevation of transaminases, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and prolonged QTc were numerically more frequent in the SS group but without reaching statistical significance. Treatment was stopped definitively for severe toxicity in the SS group due to refractory emesis (two patients) and prolonged QTc (one patient). Conclusions: The efficacy of MA and SS is comparable. The intravenous administration of these compounds did not produce immediate reactions, but it was associated with unusual clinical and laboratory abnormalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kranion is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Cuidándote is the property of Colegio Oficial de Enfermeria de Malaga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Psicología Iztacala is the property of Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Amphotericin B is an effective drug for the treatment of the different clinical forms of leishmaniasis. However, there are reports of its ineffectiveness in animals experimentally infected with Leishmania spp. That is why, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the balance of activity-toxicity at amphotericin B doses over 1 mg/kg, so that its use as a positive control antileishmanial drug were adequate. Method: BALB/c mice were experimentally infected with L. amazonensis and treated with amphotericin B by intraperitoneal route at doses from 5 mg/kg to 12.5 mg/kg, beginning 21 days after infection. The size of the lesions and the body weight of the mice were measured for eleven weeks after the commencement of treatment. The number of parasites was also determined three days after the end of treatment. Results: Amphotericin B at 5 mg/kg retarded lesions growth but neither reduced lesion size nor the parasite load at lesion site. Doses of 7.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg, every 48 h for 14 days (7 doses) caused a significant reduction of lesion size and parasite load without evident loss of body weight and without signs of toxicity. Amphotericin B at 12.5 mg/ kg was more effective but produced unacceptable toxicity. Conclusions: The results support the use of amphotericin B as a positive control drug in BALB/c mice experimentally infected with L. amazonensis at doses of 7.5 mg/kg to 10 mg/kg to achieve an effect comparable to that observed in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatria is the property of Asociacion Colombiana de Psiquiatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería en Cardiologia is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Enfermeria en Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Nanoantibodies are composed solely of the variable region of the heavy chain and are obtained from some species of camelids and sharks. They have high binding capacity, high specificity, small size, high accessibility, and high tissue penetration, so they could potentially be used to treat, diagnose, and prevent several diseases. Method: A bibliographic review of the medical applications of nanoantibodies was carried out. Scientific articles were examined, published in English and Spanish from 2015 to 2021 in Google Academic, Elsevier, PubMed, Clinical trials, Annual Reviews, and ScienceDirect databases. Studies that showed greater value according to language, information accuracy, and publication date were preferred. Results and discussion: 21 articles were selected to be evaluated and analyzed, of which 20 were preclinical studies and one clinical study. Nanoantibodies stand out as therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive alternatives against cancer, hepatitis C, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, diarrhea caused by rotavirus, and COVID-19. Conclusions: Nanoantibodies can be very useful for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of different diseases; however, it is necessary to continue developing clinical and preclinical studies that support the safety and efficacy of these drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Chikungunya disease is characterized as a zoonotic pathology that generates considerable disability in humans, weakening their health and physical condition. Chikungunya arthropathy has been shown to cause functional, emotional and quality of life compromise in the different affected populations. To date, there is no unified consensus for the successful treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis. Various treatment regimens have been used, but still without comprehensive clinical research support. There are reports of the use of methotrexate in the treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis, which rapidly reduced pain and clinical signs of disease; however, there are no clinical studies demonstrating the effectiveness of this drug in the treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detailed information on intrahost viral evolution in SARS-CoV-2 with and without treatment is limited. Sequential viral loads and deep sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 from the upper respiratory tract of nine hospitalized children, three of whom were treated with remdesivir, revealed that remdesivir treatment suppressed viral load in one patient but not in a second infected with an identical strain without any evidence of drug resistance found. Reduced levels of subgenomic RNA during treatment of the second patient, suggest an additional effect of remdesivir on viral replication. Haplotype reconstruction uncovered persistent SARS-CoV-2 variant genotypes in four patients. These likely arose from within-host evolution, although superinfection cannot be excluded in one case. Although our dataset is small, observed sample-to-sample heterogeneity in variant frequencies across four of nine patients suggests the presence of discrete viral populations in the lung with incomplete population sampling in diagnostic swabs. Such compartmentalization could compromise the penetration of remdesivir into the lung, limiting the drugs in vivo efficacy, as has been observed in other lung infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The external physical vibration lithecbole (EPVL) is a new device that accelerates the discharge of urinary stones by changing the patient's body position and providing multi-directional simple harmonic waves. It is clinically employed to improve the stone-free rate (SFR). However, it is not widely accepted in clinical practice due to the lack of high-level evidentiary support and a standard protocol. The present meta-analysis aims at the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of EPVL treatment in improving the SFR. Methods: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Medline, the Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as recent as April 2020 that evaluated the efficacy and safety of EPVL treatment for patients with stones/residual stones in the upper urinary tract. Results: In total, 7 prospective studies with 1414 patients were included. Compared with patients in the control group, patients treated with an EPVL (the intervention group) had higher SFRs (95% CI: 0.59-0.86, RR = 0.71, P = .0004) and lower complication rates (95% CI: 1.37-3.12, RR = 2.07, P = .0006). In a subgroup analysis based on previous surgery (ESWL, RIRS), the intervention group had an improved SFR as compared to the control group (95% CI: 0.59-0.95, RR = 0.75, P = .02; 95% CI: 0.56-0.73, RR = 0.64, P < .00001, respectively). In a subgroup analysis based on stone location, the SFRs for stones in the upper/middle/lower calyx and renal pelvis were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group: for residual stones in the upper and middle calyx, 95% CI: 0.63-0.98, RR = 0.79, and P = .03; for residual stones in the lower calyx, 95% CI: 0.54-0.75, RR = 0.64, and P < .00001; for residual stones in the renal pelvis, 95% CI: 0.47-0.79, RR = 0.61, and P = .0002. However, the SFRs for ureter stones were not significantly different between groups (95% CI: 0.82 -1.05, RR = 0.93, P = .23). Conclusion: The external physical vibration lithecbole can effectively improve the SFR after ESWL and RIRS without significant side effects, especially for residual stones in the upper/middle/lower calyx and renal pelvis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concern of consumers to purchase better quality products has increased the demand for healthier organic products, but Brazilian dairy cattle still cannot adapt to this requirement and in many properties, antibiotics are still used indiscriminately, and a smaller farmer uses homeopathy. However, the efficacy of homeopathic medicines is still doubtful today, being studied in several countries. The objective of this review was to discuss the last homeopathic studies on cattle breeding in Brazil in order to verify the efficiency of the use of the drug. Proponents of homeopathy claim that the lack of proper knowledge of the veterinarian along with other barriers is the cause of the low efficacy of the drug, while for other authors it would not yield any results. Research in the homeopathic field needs more research, new publications and dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report a case of pure red-cell aplasia secondary to pregnancy and to conduct a review of the literature regarding diagnosis and treatment, as well as maternal and perinatal prognosis. Materials and methods: This is the case of a 24-year-old patient at 34 weeks of gestation, referred to a regional public referral hospital due to anemia. Bone marrow biopsy was performed, leading to the diagnosis of pregnancy-related pure red-cell aplasia. The patient received serial red blood cell transfusions. Delivery by Cesarean section at term resulted in a healthy newborn. Hemoglobin values remained stable during the postoperative period. A literature search was conducted in Medline via PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and ScienceDirect using the terms "pregnancy" and "pure red-cell aplasia". Case reports, case series and literature reviews in English and Spanish published between January 1999 and January 2020 that report pregnant women with pure red-cell aplasia were included. Information on diagnosis, treatment and maternal and perinatal prognosis was collected. Three of the authors selected the studies by title and abstract; A descriptive synthesis is provided. Results: Overall, 828 titles were identified; of these, 818 were discarded after reviewing the inclusions criteria. Ten articles were included: six case reports, three case reports with literature review, and one case report in the poster modality, for a total number of 10 reported cases. Diagnosis was based on low hemoglobin levels and compromised erythroid cell line in bone marrow biopsy. Treatment consists of red blood cell transfusions, with good maternal and fetal prognosis. Conclusion: Diagnosis of pure red-cell aplasia during pregnancy requires bone marrow biopsy. With transfusion support, maternal perinatal prognosis is good. Further studies are required to assess the safety and efficacy of steroid use in this pregnancy-related condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This systematic review study survey Ibero-American publications of the last ten years on the effectiveness of short-form psychotherapy. The PRISMA statement was applied for systematic review studies in databases that surveyed Spanish-and Portuguese-language papers in the last ten years. The search resulted in 38 publications from nine Ibero-American countries, the largest portion corresponding to Spain (50%). The importance of conducting research on the results of policies on Mental Health is debated. Increased research in this field could aid the region's health resource management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children's Succinylcholine 100mg, is manufactured in the Liorad Laboratories Base Business Unit, it is the objective of this work to characterize the adverse reactions to succinylcholine in the Cuban child population during the usual clinical practice. A review of the scientific literature was carried out, in the period that it is evaluated, there are no publications of suspected reactions of the national product, a claim received for failure of effectiveness was evaluated, which did not proceed, there was no withdrawal of this product and in postproduction visits its use was positively evaluated. A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was carried out; As a series of cases, based on spontaneous reports of adverse reactions to the National Database, other information related to the patient and the product that appears therein was taken into account. The study universe consisted of 91 notifications sent from June 2015 to june 2019. Suspected reactions were classified according to frequency, intensity and imputability. The highest percentage of reactions reported corresponds to bradycardia, the cardiovascular system was the most affected. The highest number of adverse reactions was classified as: occasional (91.2%), which corresponded with serious reactions with favorable evolution (no fatal outcome was reported) and with the classification of probable. The adverse reactions reported are those described for this drug. It is concluded that the present work allowed characterizing the adverse reactions to succinylcholine 100mg in the Cuban child population, describing its introduction in the national market as safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Médicas UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Diversitas (17949998) is the property of Universidad Santo Tomas, Facultad de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: determinar el efecto in vitro de teofilina en combinación con inhibidores de autofagia sobre células de glioma C6, así como determinar el efecto de teofilina sobre la supervivencia en un modelo in vivo de glioma C6. Antecedentes: a la fecha, el tratamiento contra Glioblastoma (GB) ha resultado ineficaz, siendo necesario abordar nuevas propuestas terapéuticas y combinaciones farmacológicas. Diversos estudios indican que Teofilina (Theo) posee propiedades antineoplásicas. Recientemente, determinamos que células de glioma C6 tratadas con Theo inducen autofagia. Se ha demostrado que inhibidores autofágicos lisosomales en combinación con quimioterapia, resultan en acumulación de vacuolas autofágicas tóxicas e ineficaces, que conducen a muerte celular. Debido a la importancia de evaluar nuevas propuestas terapéuticas contra GB, en el presente trabajo se utilizó cloroquina (Cq) y quinacrina (Qc) como inhibidores de autofagia en combinación con Theo, con la finalidad de promover la muerte de células tumorales. Métodos: mediante ensayos in vitro se evaluó el efecto de Theo en combinación con Cq ó Qc en células de glioma C6. Se realizaron ensayos para determinar viabilidad celular por MTT. Se realizó análisis de supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier de ratas con glioma intracerebral. La administración de Theo se realizó vía oral (15 mg/Kg a partir del día 3 post-implante). El análisis estadístico se realizó con SPSS. Núm. de registro del protocolo: 23/20 Resultados: Theo en combinación con Cq y Qc disminuye viabilidad de células de glioma C6. En el modelo in vivo se determinó que las ratas sometidas al tratamiento con Theo muestran incremento de sobrevida (27 días, p=0.045), con respecto al control (19 días). Conclusiones: la combinación Theo con inhibidores de autofagia incrementa el efecto citotóxico en células de glioma C6. Además, Theo incrementa la sobrevida de ratas con implante intracerebral, por lo que podría representar una alternativa para mejorar el tratamiento del GB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: realizar una revisión sistemática y un metaanálisis para comparar la eficacia del tratamiento con inmunoglobulina intravenosa (IgIV) contra placebo, glucocorticoides y plasmaféresis en encefalitis autoinmune, síndrome de Guillain-Barré, neuritis óptica, miastenia gravis, polineuropatía desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica y esclerosis múltiple. Antecedentes: las enfermedades autoinmunes, que afectan a 3-7% de la población occidental, causan padecimientos neurológicos y discapacidad clínica grave. Dados los efectos adversos de los glucocorticoides —el tratamiento de primera línea para varias enfermedades neurológicas autoinmunes—, se emplean estrategias como la administración de inmunoglobulina intravenosa (IgIV) y la plasmaféresis, con resultados discrepantes. Por la necesidad de equipo especial para la plasmaféresis, la IgIV podría ser la estrategia de elección en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas autoinmunes. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase y Cochrane con las palabras clave “Treatment”, “Guillain-Barré syndrome”, “myasthenia gravis”, “CIDP”, “optic neuritis”, “autoimmune encephalitis”, “multiple sclerosis”. Se identificaron 2492 artículos, de los que se descartaron 2333 porque no son estudios aleatorios o no comparaban la eficacia de la IgV; de los 159 artículos restantes se descartaron 136 porque no indicaban el número de pacientes que mejoraron después del tratamiento. Se incluyeron 23 reportes divididos en 3 categorías; como medida de efecto se utilizó el odds ratio (OR) con un intervalo de confianza (IC) al 95%. Núm. de registro del protocolo: 6/20 Resultados: el metaanálisis mostró un efecto benéfico de la IgIV en la mejoría clínica de los pacientes comparada con el placebo (OR = 2.79, IC [95%] = 1.40-5.55, P = 0.01). La mejoría con IgIV fue comparable con la plasmaféresis (OR=0.83, IC[95%]=0.45-1.55, P<0.01) y los glucocorticoides (OR=0.98, lC[95%]=0.58-1.68, P=0.13). Conclusiones: el tratamiento con IgIV tiene un efecto benéfico en la mejoría de los pacientes en comparación con el placebo, y es tan eficaz como los glucocorticoides o la plasmaféresis para tratar enfermedades neurológicas autoinmunes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is a multifactorial disease that can be treated with oral antiglycemic medication or with insulin. The antiglycemic drugs glimepiride and sitagliptin have different mechanisms of action, and have not been directly compared in a Latin-American population with recent DM2 diagnostic. Methods: The primary objective in this randomized (1:1), multicentric, two arms, open study with adult patients, was to compare the efficacy of glimepiride with sitagliptin in a DM2 population naïve to treatment. Secondary objectives had been the effect on fasting and postprandial glyce-mia, hypoglycemia, weight modification, safety, percentage of patients quiting the trial, vital signs and laboratory results. Results: Glimepiride and sitagliptin were equally effective in glycemic control and all other parameters, and the only difference found has been the frequency of hypoglycemic events reports, wich has been reported as higher and statistically significant in the in the glimepiride group. No fatalities where reported in either group. Conclusions. Glimepiride or sitagliptin monotherapy are equally effective in control of HbA1c. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The choice of a specific medication belonging to a drug class is under the criteria of efficacy, safety, cost and suitability. NSAIDs currently constitute one of the most consumed drug in the world, so it is very important review of the safety aspects of this drug class. This review has the objective of analyze the safety of NSAIDs on 3 main criteria: gastrolesivity, cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

medigraphic.org.mx Objective: Determine the effectiveness of maneuvering huffing to reduce cough caused by the administration of fentanyl during induction of anesthesia compared to the application of intravenous lidocaine in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Material and methods: We performed a prospective, experimental, longitudinal, blinded, randomized trial including 152 patients of both genders, 18 to 65 years old, underwent elective general surgery, plastic reconstructive, maxillofacial, urology, coloproctolgy which warrants general anesthesia. The effectiveness of the maneuver huffing and intravenous lidocaine were evaluated at the minute have been made, taking the corresponding hemodynamic parameters. Results: Reported an incidence of cough caused by the administration of fentanyl 9.2%, short of presenting hemodynamic changes in patients at the time of anesthesia induction, corresponding to 5.9% with the maneuver huffing and 3.3% the application of lidocaine IV, no statistical significance (p = 0.26). Conclusions: It has an incidence of cough due to fentanyl similar to that reported in the literature. We show that the maneuver huffing is as effective as intravenous administration of lidocaine at induction of anesthesia to prevent coughing and bronchospasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer starts from changes in the individual's genome which are caused by physical, chemical or biological factors. This complex disease increases the mortality and morbidity variables in developed countries, and also in Cuba. Anticancer drug development is a long and expensive process, with a failure rate higher than in other diseases. For that reason, some biomarkers are being implemented for a more efficacious prediction of new therapeutic candidates at early phases of preclinical or clinical development. Then, decision making on stopping or proceeding with a biologically active compound does not applies to final phases of development when a great amount of resources has been spent. Genomic biomarkers are surrogate indicators to measure drug response in the cancer, and also cheaper, of easier analysis and more specific than proteomic biomarkers. In this context, the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), has been used to determine gene expression and to confirm and validate other genomic biomarkers. Here we discuss its high analytical sensitivity and specificity, and its possible automation for high throughput analysis of the expression of coding RNA. qPCR could be used alone or complementary to high flow genomic technologies for anticancer drug development in developing countries. Its increased use will be determined by an adequate cost-benefit ratio at the different phases, the generation of more reliable pharmacological and toxicological databases and by increasing the knowledge on this disease to obtain safer and more efficacious drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. Determine the clinical repurcussions of adherence, metabolic control, hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events (CVE) and economics (resources and costs) in the combination therapy of metformin vs DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors and sulfonylureas in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. Observational-multicenter and retrospective design. We evaluated patients ≥ 30 years of age in treatment with metformin and who started a second oral antidiabetic treatment during 2008-2009. 2 study groups were established: a) metformin + DPP-4 inhibitors, and b) metformin + sulfonylurea. Main measures: comorbidity, metabolic control (HbA1c <7%), compliance and complications (hypoglycemia, CVE). Follow up was conducted over two years. The cost model differentiated between direct healthcare costs (primary/ specialty care), and indirect costs (labor productivity). Statistical analysis: logistic regression and ANCOVA models. Results. 1,405 patients were recruited (average age 67.1 years old; 56.2% male). 37.0% started a second treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors, and 63.0% with sulfonylureas. After two years of follow up, patients treated with DPP-4 inhibitors showed greater treatment adherence (70.3% vs. 60.6%; p <0.001); better metabolic control (64.3% vs. 60.6%; p<0.001), and a lower proportion of hypoglycemia (13.9% vs. 40.4%; p<0.001, respectively). The average/unit of adjusted total costs was €2,341 vs. €2,512; p = 0.038. CVE and renal failure rates were 3.7% vs. 6.4%; p = 0.027. Vildagliptin was the most used drug among DPP-4 inhibitors. Conclusions. Sulfonylureas were the most used drug for diabetes treatment. Patients treated with DPP-4 inhibitors had higher adherence and control of diabetes, with lower rates of hypoglycemia and CVE, resulting in lower healthcare costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetive: To compare the efficacy of anti-inflammatory NO produced from L-Arginine and compared with the properties of ibuprofen and aspirin. Material and methods: 30 mice which were divided into 6 different groups were used. Inflammation was stimulated using the model of airbag-carrageenan. Two positive controls (1 to 5) groups were used, a proinflammatory administrándosele (Carrageenan: 1%) with no anti-inflammatory drug and the group administered 5 additional saline orally. A negative control group (6) which will not administer the pro-inflammatory and only one dose of Larginine orally. Groups 2, 3 and 4 received a dose of carrageenan, plus aspirin, ibuprofen and L-Arginine (oral: 500mg / 3dl) respectively. Exudate air bag was removed and a polymorphonuclear count was performed using a Neubauer chamber. Mann Whitney test was used to compare groups. Results: The anti-inflammatory effect is similar between ibuprofen and aspirin (p> 0.05), as is also between ibuprofen and L-arginine (p> 0.05); but the difference between Larginine and aspirin is enough to say that L-arginine has better efficacy than aspirin (p <0.05). Conclusion: Comparison of L-arginine to ibuprofen is better effect than the aspirin, so that L-arginine is a viable alternative to NSAIDs to prevent adverse effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]