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The aim of this study is to introduce Theory of Semiotic Mediation, which is a theory regarding mathematics teaching, in Turkey and provide an example for its practice. After describing the main characteristics and concepts of the theory, semiotic potential of a sheet of paper, which was chosen as an artifact of Theory of Semiotic Mediation, was analyzed in paper folding activities in order to discuss the practice of the theory and also the signs were analyzed that occurred in the building and conceptual constructing of quadrilaterals with only one symmetry axe (isosceles trapezoid and rhombus). The study was a case study which was carried out with 35 students who were studying in 10th grade. The students were divided into groups of four and five. Only one groups’ activity was reported in this paper. The analysis of the semiotic potential of paper folding showed that it was an artifact that helps students to reconstruct concepts such symmetry and equality by means of coincide and crease and to think deeply on the characteristics of quadrilaterals like rectangle, square, trapezoid and etc. which students have already known. The paper has properties that can be used as an artifact of the Semiotic Mediation Theory. In order to be used the mentioned theory in classes, it was founded that teachers’ guidance role was quite essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Origami is a form of storytelling based on folding pieces of paper. Three-dimensional geometry, continuity and order are the main artistic features of origami. This study was conducted to touch on the interactions of origami with other visual art disciplines and to examine the visual effects of origami art on textiles. In contemporary textile art; The artistic products that emerged with technology, freedom of thought, search for originality and interdisciplinary interaction brought dynamism Interdisciplinary studies are of great importance for designers to have a vision and to make a visual impact. Textile field has the capacity to create various tectonic and atectonic arrangements. Textile artists and designers have interacted with cultures all over the world and have created products by blending their expressions with technical and aesthetic visuals in textiles. It is observed that the visual effects of origami art are also striking in textile designs. This research was carried out with literature review, observation, interviews with relevant people and qualitative research technique. The designs made by the students of Çukurova University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Textile and Fashion Design, were examined. In this study, textile surface applications have been made under the influence of origami technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are a wide variety of hazards that create disasters and emergencies. These dangers may occur directly in the area of residence or may occur due to the impact of danger in another region. Both scenarios affect the individual's life to different extents. Making preparations to reduce the impact and severity of harm and damage caused by hazard-related risks is an important step for prevention activities. Within the scope of this paper, the perceptions of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies of faculty members working at universities in Istanbul were examined. Faculty members' perception of individual preparedness for disasters and emergencies is of great importance for the general safety of educational institutions and society. This perception is essential to ensuring the safety of students, staff and other stakeholders. Faculty members' ability to recognize potential dangers and take appropriate precautions increases their ability to react quickly and effectively in times of crisis. In addition, this perception encourages faculty members to contribute to disaster and emergency plans. By being aware of individual security, assuming a stronger protective role for the institution, the perception of individual preparedness is a vital factor for the overall security of educational institutions and society. The findings were analyzed and the results were compared. According to the findings obtained from the study, it was determined that parameters such as age, marital status, working in the private sector, having an administrative position, receiving training on disaster and emergency situations, and being exposed to danger in the institution where one works, have an impact on individual perception in preparation for disasters and emergencies. It has been observed that these topics have an impact on raising awareness. The importance of faculty members' perceptions, awareness and individual readiness regarding preparedness for disasters and emergencies is emphasized in the study and suggestions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industry 4.0 technologies provide excellent opportunities to companies. However, it will not be easy for companies to adopt to these technologies due to the challenges they will encounter. While the opportunities presented by Industry 4.0 technologies for each industry, the barriers faced by businesses in the application of these technologies will also vary in the sectoral context. The main purpose of this study is to identify the barriers to the adoption and implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies in the logistics sector and to reveal their degree of importance. After the literature review and expert opinions, a total of 32 barriers were determined under 5 basic dimensions for the logistics sector. Then, as a result of the analysis through the fuzzy Delphi method, it was seen that the weight value of 14 barriers was higher than the average and these selected barriers are discussed. According to the findings of the research, the three most important barriers are determined respectively as "The lack of awareness of the top management about Industry 4.0", "Lack of digital strategy" and "Lack of methodology in the application". This research contributes to filling an essential gap in the literature, as it is one of the first studies to examine the obstacles to adopting Industry 4.0 technologies in the context of the logistics sector. In addition, this paper also ensures originality in terms of the method. The findings obtained as a result of the research will guide the logistics sector managers and researchers who want to apply industry 4.0 technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reveal the scope, dimensions and current practices and problems of the interventions in terms of medical social work and hospital management in the diagnosis and treatment processes of the disabled individual from the time of admission to the hospital. In this respect, a multidisciplinary research was conducted by considering health management and social work intervention together. Procedures and practices that differentiate the disabled person from other patients are required throughout the entire process, from the admission to the hospital to the end of the treatment processes. These hospital processes alone are not sufficient in some cases, and communication and partnership with other institutions are mandatory. Medical social work has important roles and functions especially at this stage. Qualitative method was used in this research. Based on the fact that the hospital management has certain roles in each of the planned intervention stages of the social work in the hospital process of the disabled individual, two cases that may include these roles have been constructed. These fictions have been designed in accordance with the current legislation and operation, benefiting from the long-term observations of the author working in the hospital. It is aimed to reflect the problems to be experienced in possible situations by constructing the case. In the analysis of the cases, the processes outside the hospital were mentioned from time to time within the scope of the roles of medical social work, but the analysis framework was tried to be kept within the boundaries of hospital management and medical social work. After the theoretical framework has been put forward, the roles and functions of hospital management in the planned intervention stages of the cases have been pointed out. Thus, an analysis was made on the cases with the perspective of health management and medical social work, problems were identified and suggestions were developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Russia is one of the main extra-regional actors that plays a role between India and Pakistan, two states that have been in a state of enduring conflict in Southeast Asia. Although Moscow's policy was to side with India during the Cold War, it began to pursue a middle-way approach between the two actors in the Post-Cold War era. It is the aim of this paper to examine the reasons for the shift in Moscow's approach through the method of pr ocess tracing. An analysis of Russia's Southeast Asia policy also requires focusing on how Russian foreign policy was affected by the systemic transformation caused by the end of the Cold War. Indeed, an analysis of why Moscow began to pursue a more flexible and pragmatic foreign policy after the Cold War helps make sense of its policy towards Southeast Asia. Different from the Cold War phase, Russia has stayed away from the bloc -politics approach and set out to diversify its foreign policy. And, this accounts for the pragmatic and versatile foreign policy Russia began to pursue along the India-Pakistan axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was designed in a basic qualitative research design in order to determine secondary school students' views on waste. The study group of the research consists of 120 secondary school students who were determined according to the easily accessible sample and the maximum diversity sample, which is one of the purposeful sampling methods. As a data collection tool in the research, a “waste opinion form” consisting of open-ended questions developed by the researcher based on the relevant literature and expert opinion was used. The research data were collected in the 2019-2020 academic year with the participation of secondary school students studying at the fifth, sixth and seventh grade levels of three different public schools selected from high-middle and low socio-economic levels in Afyonkarahisar city center. The descriptive analysis method was used in the analysis of the data obtained at the end of the research, the data obtained as a result of the analyzes were tabulated and presented with frequencies and supported by direct quotations. As a result of the research, it was determined that middle school students have knowledge and awareness about waste, but they cannot reflect it in their behavior. Students explained that people waste in many areas of life such as water, electricity, bread, food, money, time, paper, clothes, oil and natural gas, with the emphasis on people's unconsciousness and insensitivity. The answers given by the students to the question of “What are the resources you waste?” revealed that they did not show sensitive behaviors about waste. They have developed suggestions with the words “attention, awareness, savings, sensitivity and sharing” on the prevention of waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although Anatolian dialects have some studies on comparative dialects, these studies are not at the desired level in terms of quality and quantity. Comparative dialect research is very important for the Turkish language, as well as it is important for determining issues such as cultural change and identity change. Kırıkhan district of Hatay is the intersection point of Antakya-Maraş and İskenderun-Halep route. For this reason, it is an ancient settlement center, which lias hosted many different cultures and civilizations throughout history. In 1084, when the Anatolian Seljuk Sultan Süleyman Shah conquered the Antakya region Turks began to settle in this region. After the region changed hands among Turks, Byzantine and Crusaders for a while, it started to be governed by the Mamluks and then the Ottomans. Throughout the history, migrations to the region which became Turkish with the migration of various Turkish elements, continued, and after 1950, Trabzon residents, Yoruks and Ahiska Turks migrated to Kırıkhan and settled in this place. In this paper, local and immigrant dialect relations will be reviewed in terms of phonetics. When the texts compiled from the field are reviewed, it is seen that the immigrant dialects are affected by the local dialect and standard language every day. Among the immigrant elements, those living in a certain neighborhood and living together resisted change. However, those who left their neighborhoods and intertwined with the local elements kept up with the change. In addition, those who went out of the city for education or work, and those whose dialect feature was close to the local dialect, adapted to this change faster. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different aspects of conflicts which appeared in early Islamic history are studied in this paper. Tribal communities in Arabic peninsula witnessed a very new event which was not familiar to them before, during the Islamic spread and rise period carrying out a model of policy and administration result of which was a full success. Observing that event some tribal communities tried to follow the same method in order to succeed in favors of their own tribes and some in religious forms false claiming the prophet hood when The Prophet passed away. On the other hand different from the mentioned acts some communities were not pleasant with many practices by the Caliph Othman and they tried to archive what they deserve according to their claims through Medine administration but events ended in unpredicted results. Many conflicts of this kind appeared in the period of first-four caliphs are examined in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some developed countries had been supporting the wars, conflicts and terrors in backward or developing countries for their economic and political interests. Against these terror incidents all over the world, the religion of Islam has assigned the believers the duty of spreading the good and preventing the bad (al-amru bi'l- ma'rûf ven'nahyu ani'lmunkar). The war against the enemies to preserve the values that Islamic law demand in the context of "zaruyyat-ı hamse (life, property, intellect, generation, religion)" is the in the path of Allah. Those who sacrificed their lives for these values as well as for their nation and homeland as required by Allah and became immortal are called martyr and, their first degree relatives are called martyr's family. In this paper, primarily, conceptual framework, importance and judicial bases of martyr and martyrdom are dealt with, followed by the religion-spirituality relation and spiritual based social protection. The definition, subject, aim and main principles of spiritual based social protection of martyr' families are explored according to Islamic law. Accordingly, it is explained that relationships of martyr's families under the social protection with Allah and other people around are parallel with their spiritual life. It is stressed that the relatives of martyr will increasingly feel the proud of being the victim's relative along the lines of spiritual thoughts of consent, obedience, patience, and submission, and will also continue on their principal duties in peace with their spiritual world, without departing from social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China started a new initiative to Europe via One Belt One Road (OBOR) Project after 2013. This trade corridor aims to revitalise ancient Silk Road with new motorways, railroad infrastructure and ports. Thus Europe and China will have faster, more efficient and competitive t rade route with declining costs of transportation. Turkey is on the Central corridor of OBOR. In this paper the possible outcomes of OBOR on Turkey will discussed under the historical rela tions of China and Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the ancient thinkers' contributions to the history of economic thought. The paper also takes into consideration the relationships between the ancient economic thought and social, political, economic, and intellectual environment that prepared this thought. Amongst the Ancient Greek philosophers, economic opinions of Plato and Aristotle have a distinct place. But in recent years, economic opinions of pre-Socratic and post-Socratic philosophers such as Hesiod and Xenophon gained importance as well. Ancient Greek philosophers put forward many ideas on economic matters such as agriculture, trade, division of labor, money, wealth, proprietorship, and interest. Yet these explanations could not go beyond to a level of preliminary analyses of economic theory. On the other hand, Western World was remained under the influence of these philosophers for a long time. Roman thinkers did not make any original contribution to the history of economic thought. Their main contributions were in the field of law. Concepts like individual liberty, private property and freedom of contract were due to them entered the law literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this paper is to create an etymological dictionary on Yellow Uyghur. For this purpose, "E" items were investigated in Yazık jyoltıh uygurov: Slovar' i grammatika published by Sergey Yefimoviç Malov in 1957 and Stroy sarıg-yugurskogo yazıka published by Tenisev in 1976. Items of dictionary parts and sentence examples in the items that were taken from these studies were translated into Turkish and etymologies about the words were listed. Then those words were compared with both historical and modern Turkic languages. A total of 114 words were identified in "E" item except for proper and place name. It was found that 8 of the 114 words are loanwords from Mongolian, 3 of them from Chinese, 1 of them from Sanskrit. The results of this comparison study are as follows: 11 common words were identified in Yellow Uygur and North-South Siberian Turkic languages. These worda are as follows: e- ~ er-, eç-, eçir-, egen, elig, enek, eŋge, er, erle-, erte, eser-. It was found that Yellow Uyghur words were detected in some languages, such as 39 of them in Khakas, 37 of them in Altay, 35 of them in Tuvanian and 25 of them in Yakut. This data containing approximate value confirms that Yellow Uyghur is closely related to South Siberian Turkic languages. It was determined 24 common words which are seen with some sound changes in all modern languages or languages groups in accordance with vocabulary of "E" item: e- ~ er-, eç-, eçikı, eçir-, elçı, elig, elt-, enek, er, eren, erk, erte, erüt-, esen, eske, esür-, est, et, et-, etek, ezek, ezengı, ezer, ezerte-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes industrial sectors in Turkey through clustering sectors according to bank credits under perspective of econophysics. We study the behaviour of the industries which take bank credits during the period of 2010/06-2016/06 based on network theory, using clustering methodology that identifies groups of industry with similar profiles. The fundamental aim of industry analysis is to figure out how the banking sector of Turkey makes impacts on different industries and establish enhanced sectors. By taking the sector classification as a benchmark partition, we evaluate how the different methods affect this classification. We utilized from two clustering methods: K-means Clustering and Fuzzy C- means Clustering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to investigate the effects of exchange rate volatility on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Turkey using the data set that covers the period from 1970 to 2014. In the analyses we used real effective exchange rate, inflation and per capita GDP as control variables. In the empirical part of the study, we carried out some time series data analysis, respectively, volatility analysis of exchange rate, stationarity tests, co-integration tests and estimation of the model. In the final part, we employed Dynamic OLS method to estimate the long-run coefficients of the FDI model with structural breaks. Our estimation results show that the effects of exchange rate volatility, exchange rate and per capita GDP on FDI are statistically significant and have different signs in the covered sub-periods that obtained using the break dates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the mergers and acquisitions (M&As) activity of initial public offering (IPO) firms on Borsa Istanbul (BIST) that went public between 1990-2014. We find that among the 398 firms that went public 87 firms acquired other firms while 104 firms were targeted by other firms within the first five years after their IPOs. For firms that have been involved in an M&A activity, the aggregate deal volume corresponds to 16% of their market size for acquiring IPO firms, and 29% of their market size for targeted IPO firms. On average, while these IPO firms acquired 2.1 firms within five years, they were targeted by 1.7 firms. As a result, firms that convert to public ownership on BIST might participate as acquiring firms or as target firms in the subsequent M&A processes in the first five years after their IPO. Our findings indicate that firms go public on BIST mainly to provide an exit opportunity for their existing shareholders, and they accomplish this i) through the sale of existing shares to the general public in an IPO or ii) through the sale of existing shares to the acquiring firms in a post-IPO M&A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Political, social and economic chaos and conflicts occurring in Europe have prepared the ground for the start of the modern era since the 18th century. Modernity which was the source of the human systems until a certain period has received some criticism, especially due to the understanding of uniformity. Going beyond the critique of modernity, post-modern paradigm became a kind of "revolt" and determined pluralism, diversity and locality as its touchstone. Similarly "multiculturalism" affected by Post-modernism has also argued that the system brought by modernism should be reformed. In particular, from curriculum to teacher training creation of a structure defending the values such as respect for differences, fair and equal opportunities have been discussed. The main objective of the study is to deal with the policy of "multicultural education" recently discussed and applied especially in the democratic and welfare states in order to manifest the purposes and dimensions of "multicultural education" applied in the world and Turkey. The research was carried out by theoretical methods. In this context, within the purposes of the research, a lot of scientific resources such as local and foreign papers, theses, books, etc. have been reached. These resources were analysed so as to serve the purpose and were evaluated by significant expression. Accordingly, although multicultural education has progressed especially in countries such as Canada and Australia, the majority of which was formed by the migrants, it was found that it is discussed to some extent in countries such as Turkey. Similarly, it was concluded that countries discuss and apply multiculturalism from different perspectives in terms of purposes and dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, professional music production processes that being conducted in popular music industry, refer to a period which includes various details that one cannot overcome alone. Therefore music producion at recent years is being conducted with a wide proficiency network. The most important stakeholder of this network is arranger. The term arranging includes, fixing, conducting and controlling of context, style and all processes of a music production that finish with the completing the production. Because of that the arranger's role is so important. That can be said, arranging practises in Turkey between 1950 and 1980 period require various qualifications from musicians; being qualificied as a composer. Thereby being an arranger is very difficult credit that everybody couldn't gain it easily. However, especially with develop of MIDI in 1983 and then smoothing of importing technological advances into the Turkey, the arranging area in Turkey got into an important transformation. Therefore, an arranging practise rose in Turkey that carried mostly via computer and its options. In this paper, this new type of arranger defined as "Midi-ger". Also many interwievs have been made with pionner arrangers of Turkey to understand transformation of arranging practices in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data on health levels are the primary development indicators for countries. Efforts made by governments to improve their health systems include transformations in health services. Investments made by using information technologies are one of the methods to perform these transformations. In an effort to enhance health services and increase satisfaction in Turkey, e-prescribing system (eRx) was initiated in Turkey in 2013 as a hospital information system to enhance electronic services and to increase service quality. E-prescribing application enables pharmacies, physicians and hospitals to access patient information over system that is open to joint use without using paper. The purpose of this study is to measure the success of e-prescribing system used by pharmacy personnel. We found that the users had high satisfaction levels from this system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Devices for measurement in hospitals have to be calibrated in specific periods. Calibration is an activity that can be outsourced or can be done by hospitals own staff with its own calibrators. The main aim of this paper is to determine which of these alternatives will minimize the cost of calibration. With this aim, in this study both alternatives are going to be calculated by a case study in Düzce University Research and Application Hospital. The target is to show an example to people that will make implementation on this subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional Development Agencies (RDAs), embarking on significant roles in the development of both undeveloped regions and developed economies of the world, especially in many European countries, have come to agenda with intense discussions in Turkey. Although forms and directions of these discussions have changed following of RDAs going into action, concerns about their vision and future roles are still up to date. In this study, place and importance of Turkey's RDAs, of which legal basis was formed in 2006 and establishment was completed all over the country in 2010, will be handled by presenting experience of regional development agencies of England. As England model has been generally tackled in the formation process of RDAs in Turkey, discussions have remained mostly theoretical in similarly entitled studies in the literature. There have also existed concrete practices in Turkey with the agencies' coming into operation. This paper aims to add the experience of these practices to the previously conducted theoretical studies in the same title and make contribution to studies to be carried out in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses the changes of computer assisted lessons on us. In other words, how the method of E-learning impacts the learning process and how this impact should be evaluated. In this context the theoretical connections were highlighted firstly and out of this theoretical fundament it will be shown how the method of distance education (Moodle) and traditional learning methods influence each other. According to the study Moodle itself was explained then why it was chosen and how it is spread globally. The reason of electing Moodle and its advantage is shown by comparing the methods of education systems (in Turkey). The application is used in the translation lesson of the department of German language in Hacettepe University and literature and the paper will show changes in terms of education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our current ceramics education history, creative interpretations and construction techniques etc. are being taught. In addition to these techniques using critical pedagogy is crucial as well. In this paper a red figured Attica kylix, an antic Greek vase from Late Archaic Period (480-490 BC) drawn by painter Macron and done by potter Hieron, is analyzed through critical pedagogy. Applying this technique the study intends to highlight both history and ceramics art education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflection of Regulations about Alcohol Advertisings in Media in Turkey According to national and international research, alcohol consumption is one of the common problems, especially in European Countries, which threatens public health. Instead of this reality, after forbidden of cigarette advertisements, among addictive substances, alcohol is the only product in world, which can be advertised. As a result of, privatization and taking alcohol production and distribution from government monopoly, in Turkey, the importance of alcohol advertisement rises, in terms of product publicity and marketing. Enterprises in competitive climate, in order to be a favorite brand, tend to different channels in traditional and new media. Instead of this activity in alcohol market, in January 2010, there are new regulations and restrictions about alcohol advertisements and sponsorship. In today's information society, because of diversity and prevalence in use of new media, especially among children and young peoples, there are considerable barriers to achieve the purpose of new regulations. This paper, tries to state the strategies, which come out after the restrictions, through the medium of advertisements using both traditional and new media. Besides, in order to protect children and young people, voluntary regulations in the advertising business are discussed, which are made by actors except government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of the paper is to determine the contribution of graduate programs in the field of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economy to professional development of teachers, school administrators and supervisors. In this context, data were collected by using interview form from a total of 25 teachers, school administrators and inspectors continuing graduate programs in the field of Educational Administration, Supervision, Planning and Economy at the University of Fırat. According to findings of the research is concluded that participants are to prefer graduate programs to specialize and build an academic carrier and graduate programs is to contribute to solving the problems of application and development leadership behaviors. The main challenge limiting the contribution to professional development of graduate programs is off to change the culture of participants' organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world, the struggles for the balance of powers between countries, and the competition they depend on, have been developing different points very quickly through the technological possibilities that have been provided. The countries being included or aiming to be in this speedy race have used all kinds of possibilities in order to be positioned, and to be represented in the best way on the international arena. Especially in the creation of public diplomacy and public opinion, and also in favor of countries and strategies in question, the role, of the means of international communication which are considered in-between legal instruments, is very effective. In these means of communication, the radio, the television and the internet news sites have undertaken a different mission because of their potential capacities to reach the masses. However, the application of this undertaken mission needs a specialization and an importance. By this purpose, in this paper, on one hand, while emphasizing on these points, on the other hand, the functionality of TRT, which constitutes the central point of our research field, in the creation of public diplomacy and public opinion, is evaluated within the framework of institutional data and the probabilities of its audiences, spectators and followers. In this context, in order to measure and evaluate the influence of TRT, the broadcasting schedules of TRT-AVAZ, TRT-ETTÜRKIYE and TRT 6 and the Voice of Turkey (VOT) are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to research the conditions of art and artist on the basis of the policies of Big Brother, who is the main character of the novel known as 1984 by George Orwell. The research has qualitative characteristics. The data was collected by open-ended questions asked to 43 fine art education students. The data was analyzed by the content analysis. In conclusion, according to the students, the Big Brother's demands are the threat to the existences of art and artists. The students expressed that this atmosphere threat individual differences, freedom of thoughts and liberty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Marketing activities have a significant impact on aims and objectives of companies. This situation has also drawn the attention of political parties. Marketing methods and techniques have been used by political parties under "political marketing" during their election campaigns which became very important for them. Political parties have tried to inform voters about their leaders, candidates, service and promises by meetings, rallies, advertisements and news. In this paper, initially, the relation between marketing and politics is examined and political marketing mix elements are explained. In the research part of this study, it has examined the role of Ulus and Zafer newspapers communicating the political products of Democratic Party and Republican People's Party, which joined at 1957's election, to voters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The eminent religious scholar ıbrahim Al-Gulshani, a well-known Turkish mystic, lived at the end of the 15th and beginning the 16th century. He was a seventh-generation descendant of Oghuz Ata and his arrival was noted by Mawlana Djalaladdin al-Rumi in a poetic couplet. As for Gulshani, he wrote his Mas'nawi in forty thousand couplets, imitating Mawlana. Many mystics descended from Gulshani, spread the religious order of the Gulshanites in İstanbul, Egypt, Edirne and Diyarbakır and contributed to the teaching of ıslam in these communities. ıbrahim al-Gulshani also established relationships with the sultans. Süleyman the Great invıted him to İstanbul to treat his eyes and entered into his path. Yawuz Sultan Selim also joined his path with all his military staff of Janisseries. The Gulshani religious order retained its influence in Diyarbakır until 1950, for Gulshane had founded four takkash and many khalifs and students were trained by him there. İn this paper, ı will outlined the historical development of the Gulshani religious order in Diyarbakır, describing the period in which Gulshani lived, his activities, the scholars he trained, and the services he performed, as well as shedding light on the path and the takkahs established by him. This study will help us to understand the high level of mystical life in Diyarbakır during the Ottoman period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Turks adapted the Arabic alphabet and calligraphy when they had converted to Islam. In the hands of the Turks, the art of "hat", continued growth for centuries, and became an independent national art apart from the Arabian and Persian styles by changing its position as being only a means of communication or a decorative element. The issue of Turkish language with Arabic letters to be discussed much earlier than the establishment of Turkish Republic, but it was ventured a radical step towards the solution with the alphabet revolution in 1928. This typographic revolution, with the communication function of Latin alphabet, caused many cultural and social developments, and the distance to the West was decreased. It was a necessary and very profitable change as the results; however it was a new beginning with unknown, foreign letters by setting aside the matured traditional typographic style of the centuries. Today, with globalization and the development of communication technology, the nations re-evaluate their own cultural heritage against the danger of loss of cultural identities in design. The art of Turkish calligraphy is an art and design area which we created masterpieces in it with our own identity for centuries. In this paper, it is questioning the reflection and deficiency of this cultural heritage in the modern art and design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the monthly alcohol consumption rates and expenditures of about 52,000 households within the framework of their correlations with socio-economic variables. According to the research results, 7.6 percent of the total households regularly consumed alcohol from 1994 to 2006 throughout Turkey. Alcohol consumption has been experiencing an upward trend since 2000s. Specifically income, education level, and being male are predominant factors in alcohol consumption habits and expenditures. Alcohol consumption in Turkey is lower compared to other countries. As shown by the results, alcohol consumption rate does not exceed 15% even in households from the highest 20% income quintile. When alcohol consumption and smoking habits are evaluated together, interesting results arise between the European Union Member States and Turkey. In European Union countries, the rate of alcohol consumption habits is at least 65-70% in households and smoking habits are around 10-15%. The opposite is valid for Turkey. Smoking habits in Turkey is at a rate of 60-65% in households, whereas the rate of alcohol habits is 8% at its highest as also revealed by this research. In Turkey, smoking replaces the alcohol consumption which is low due to religious and cultural reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 21. Century's the educational aims has been stressed that abilities of how to reach useful information and how to use it effectively to perform gained abilities. Students should be taught for inquire, research, invent and practice into life, so that they encounter in real life. Students' individual characteristic is an important in learning environment. Sternberg (2002) proposed that theory of successful intelligence is effectively approach on students develop their capabilities, achievements and abilities of life. Successful intelligence theory involves three aspects of intelligence which are analytical, creative and practical abilities which are called triarchic (Sternberg, 2003). Successful intelligence training have promoted students performance with recognize on their capabilities. Because Students is to be active participants in lessons, assessment, analyze, critical aspect about subject, events, content. Also students are inventor, creator and implement ideas, which is invent, create them, in real life. The theory of successful intelligence allowed a view of career choice and individual development which is used in real life (Sternberg, 2003).Also practical thinking abilites is important in job's life (Sternberg, 2004). Sternberg ve et al. applied different researches about theory of successful intelligence in educational implement. These researches showed that the theory of successful intelligence is suggested to valid as a whole. Moreover, the theory is differently between in laboratory tests and in school classrooms. This paper proposed Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence for alternative, effectively programme approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to increase maximum productions obtained in any unit area or from livestock, chemical and genetic inputs have been rigorously used due to rapid population growth in the world. However, negative effects of such methods to cultural and natural environment, as well as to human health, have often been debated in public and scientific community. Concerns for human health and natural environment turned scientists into looking for alternative sustainable methods and organic agriculture practices. While organic agriculture was first used at the beginning of the 20th century, it took a widespread practice of usage in the developed countries since 1970s. In Turkey, organic agriculture started with the demands of European companies in 1980s and made substantial developments over the years. However, although Turkey has very good potential, its share in the total organic products produced in the world is still low. The aim of this paper is to call attention to Turkey's potential in the organic agriculture in terms of its geographic features. Our investigation is based on written sources, statistical data, type land observations and face to face interviews. We have tried to identify major problems in regard to organic agriculture in Turkey, with some suggestions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is at the literature review model. In the article, a field literature review was done. This review was about in service training, the necessity of in service training, in service training's importance and, objectives, and supervision and using supervision as a tool for in service training. In the light of the information obtained from this review, in terms of organizational and teacher perspective; the advantages of training teacher with supervision in in-service training was discussed. Considering inspection process with in service training understanding, making inspection plan with this understanding, and having communication, establishing relationships with teachers within this understanding's importance is discussed. As a result, supervision process made within in-service training understanding is expected to be more efficient in terms of education organization and teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities exert influence on the economic, social and cultural structure of the cities in which they are located. In particular the expenditures made by university students constitute a group of spending which bring life to the local economy. This paper analyses the amount, composition and contribution to local economy of the expenditures by Usak University students. In addition, the effect of sex of students on the size and composition of their spending behavior has been examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fate of "Beautiful Istanbul", one of the sculptures erected in a public space in Istanbul for the 50th year celebrations of the Turkish Republic under the joint initiative of Istanbul State Academy of Fine Arts, State School of Applied and Fine Arts and the Istanbul Municipality is not only a display of the relationship between political authority and art in Turkey, but an indication of the problem of representing and exhibiting the nude in Turkish culture. "Beautiful Istanbul", a sculpture dating 1974 by Gürdal Duyar was taken down by authorities on the grounds of the Ministry of Interior decision that it represented "Turkish mothers disgracefully", and that the artistic level of the Turkish people could not yet accepts such sculpture. Becoming a focus of hot debate in the political and cultural arena at the time, the "Beautiful Istanbul" became the site where different political ideologies collided. Comparing "Beautiful Istanbul" with other representations of the body both within art and popular culture in Turkey at the time gives us clues as to how the body is conceived in Turkish culture. This paper aims to show, through an art historical example, of how certain boundaries have been set in Turkish culture in relation to the body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the background of the complicated and complex problems resulting from the forced emigration in the GAP are disharmony among the social strata within the region, and multi dimensional legal and socio-cultural reasons caused by the inner emigration in the last 20 years. The most significant problems of the GAP Region cities can be described as forced emigration, housing, education, health care, unemployment, employment and pushing women aside, and policies of the government(s) with no prevision. The dual problems of forced emigration and terror which have caused hundreds of thousands of people to be displaced since 1980s have also affected deeply the urban and social life codes that created the ontology of cities of the GAP Region. The inner emigration triggered by the terrorism in the region has already gone the beyond being the problem of only Diyarbakır, influencing the city as more than a housing demand, and became the problem of the whole country. The fact that there are people who have to live in primitive conditions due to economic circumstances and restrictions in the settlement areas and places shambling made it even more difficult to solve the present and accumulated problems of the city. If housing, simultaneously existing with the emigration, is still a problem on agenda in the GAP cities like Diyarbakır, then it is urgent that the authorities in power and decision-makers should create new solutions. The main approach in this paper is to be able to show the dimensions of the relationship among "emigration, housing, settlement, city and social strata" by methods such as observation and literature within the context of new policies in the post-forced emigration and terror period focusing on the cultural/social separation which would determine the social prevision of the city of Diyarbakır. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender is frequently used as a basis for segmentation for a significant proportion of products and services. Men and women are different is commonly accepted in most societies, and a host of social and biological factors seem to drive these differences. Sex differences might also exist in hemispheric lateralization, such that male brains are more functionally lateralized and female brains are more integrated. However, an important marketing question is whether such differences translate into consistent differences in the processing and evaluation of marketing. For this reason, it is important for marketers to understand differences between consumer groups such as men and women. This paper reviews male consumers' purchasing behaviors and presents marketing strategies to male consumers for the enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Countries may wish to have their own currencies for foreign trade, financial and fiscal arguments. Foreign trade includes monetary authority adjusts exchange rate to stimulately exports; financial actions involve monetary authorities bailout to financial system through its money creation power as a lender of last resort; and fiscal actions mean that government levy inflation tax national real money balances. Full dollarization means that a country abandons its own currency and adopts a foreign currency as a legal tender. The main goal of this paper is to explain its opportunities and threats through survey of the theoric and empirical literatures. Full dollarization's main threats are leading to loss of independence of the monetary policies, loss of seigniorage revenues and loss of ability of the domestic central bank functioning as lender of last resorts. Its main opportunities are leading to decreasing in transaction costs, increasing credibilities of the monetary and fiscal policies by decreasing the domestic inflation rates and devaluation risks and decreasing the default risks by eliminating depreciation risks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The suggestion that the artist is the witness of his own era is a widely accepted hypothesis. This suggestion, which is mostly valid for the writers of such narratives as novel and story, can sometimes be made for the poets who communicate the issues of the society in their poems. The poem "In Our Streets (Sokaklarimizda)" of Abdulhak Hamid that is dealt with in this paper takes the reader for a journey in Istanbul in 1920s. Some societal disorders in the aftermath of the war and the occupation disturb the poet (Hamid). This poem, which was written for the mayor of the time Dr. Emin Erkul responsible for governing the city, also worries the artist of a literary genre which is frosty for the societal issues. In the general flow of the poem, the poet first utters the troubles he has witnessed, and then proposes some solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the relationship between religion and society in Artuqids (1101-1409) are considered at the general level. In this paper in which a general panorama of social dimensions of religion are tried to bring up, the mutual relations of religion with society are investigated. In the context of religion-society relations, this study contains the relationships of religion with state, politics, economy, science, education, language, etc., and speaks of interreligious relationships and the relations between the members of different religious sects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The color factor is among the affective parameters in the design of a space or a structure. Nearby the different perceptions on the human being the color used in the space, it is the reflection of the culture and the traditions of the users as well. In the history, the Turks live in Anatolia; have produced houses compatible to the geography and the culture of the site. In these houses, which are coming from past to the contemporary life, there are resemblances related with the culture in the plan organization, even there are varieties in the material and construction styles. In this paper the information related with the formation of Turkish House in Anatolia is explained. In the enlightening of this information, the samples are given related with the use of the color in the different sites of Anatolia, and the varieties are examined during the history due to the alternation of construction style and material used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Whistle blowing, meaning denouncing of wrongdoings in an organization by an employee is a frequently seen fact in organizations. Although the history of whistle blowing is new, there is a quite wide literature that defines and tells the ways and results of it. This paper examines the tendency of nurses to whistle blowing, by which reasons they decide to whistle blow and what results they get. Results revealed that human health is very important for the nurses. Although it has frequently negative results for them, they whistle blow when it is necessary and keep at till the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important elements of Turkish cultural life and structural society is neighborhood. There is not enough researches in written culture deal with neighborhood that has been necessity in daily life and exposures of effects of it. Neighborhood, that is important element of social dynamic have historical characteristics diversity changing from society than society and region than region. Neighborhood has speedily changed in point of structural and functional in changing world condition. For that reason, the place of subject in cultural history must be widely research for determine of changing. In this paper the place, important and function of neighborhood in Turkish culture and social structure have exanimate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This conceptual paper intends to examine what the concept of lifelong learning is; to see how the European Union member states reflect the concept into their educational policies, and make some implications. In this respect, the concept which is a much debated question for being an unclear term is argued out in its historical development considering its differences from other close concepts. Also, during its process of establishing a union, the European Union's lifelong learning theories and practicing the concept are discussed with some examples from member states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most important institutions of today's information society is the university. The main purpose of universities is the development and distribution of culture. However new objectives have been added to this purpose. Universities make significant contributions to their home cities, and even the world, in the fields of economics and socio-culture. The subject of this paper is "The Contributions to Home Cities of Universities". In this framework, the concept of university has been mentioned, followed by the explanation of their general purposes and contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As far as the tourist ventures are concerned, we regret to state that social and psychological problems are lived. In addition to this, students' negative approach to the sector forms other part of difficulty. These negative results is taken to first bangle of chain which consist of high school student because holographic, structure of life. This paper is aimed to determine hopelessness typology of high school student who study tourism. The sample of research was realized of 284 high school students and is used Beck Hopelessness scale as a questionnaire technique. Cluster analysis and t test, anova analysis were used to derive the typology. Analyses of the respondents revealed that two cluster. First cluster is optimist, second cluster is pessimistic cluster. According to results of this research, satisfaction of education, relationship of school friends, state of year in school, state of success in school, parents' salary, father schooling states, father job state is determined meaningful result on hopelessness typology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the impact of the selling point promotional tools such as, discount coupons, price discount, free sample, buy-one-get-one-free , and in-store display on the purchase behaviours of East Blacksea Region consumers on low involvement products. Whether there were potential significant differences according to demographic factors by the impact of the sales promotional tools on consumers' purchase behaviours or not were also investigated in the paper. A total of 404 consumers in the East Blacksea Region were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Finally, the results show that the sales promotional tools such as discount coupons, price discounts, free samples and buy-one-get-one-free were associated with the purchase behavior of low involvement products, where it is understood that in-store display application does not have any significant effect on it. The research that was limited with only one category of product (low involvement products) was considered to investigate in the further researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]