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Our aim is to perform clinicopathological analysis of premalignant and malignant lesions of the eye and adnexa diagnosed in a tertiary clinic. The files of the patients who underwent surgery and sent specimens to pathology laboratory at Inönü University Faculty ofMedicine, Department of Ophthalmology betweenMarch 2010 and July 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and histopathological data of cases with premalignant and malignant lesions were recorded. A total of 136 patients, 64 (47.1%) female and 72 (52.9%) male, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 73.6±14.7 (11-101) years. Premalignant lesions were detected in 58 patients (42.6%) and malignant lesions were detected in 78 patients (57.4%). The most common premalignant lesions were conjunctival or corneal intraepithelial neoplasia, carcinoma in situ, while the most common malignant lesions were basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and lymphoma. In our clinic, the most commonly diagnosed premalignant lesion of the eyes and adnexa was conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia, and the malignant lesion was basal cell carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To determine the clinical and histopathological characteristics of malignant tumors of the eyelid in terms of our region. Materials and Methods: 120 patients' files who were diagnosed with malignant eyelid tumor and followed up between January 2018 and September 2021 were scanned retrospectively in our clinic. Demographic and clinical characteristics, clinical and histopathological diagnoses, methods and follow-up results in surgical cases were recorded from the patients' files. Excisional biopsy material was obtained in all patients who underwent surgery. Results: 120 cases were included in the study. 54 (45%) of the patients were male and 66 (55%) were female. The mean age was 62.5 (35-80) years. The mean follow-up term was 20,4 months (3-36 months) for all cases. In 80% (n=96) of malignant eyelid tumors, clinical preliminary diagnosis and histopathological examination results were found to be compatible. Preoperative clinical diagnosis and postoperative histopathological diagnosis differed in 24 cases (20%). The recurrence rate was found to be 3% in all of our patients. The recurrence rates were 2% in Basal Cell Carcinoma cases and 5% in Squamous Cell Carcinoma cases. Considering the location of the tumors, 80 patients had left eyelid involvement and 40 patients had right eyelid involvement. Conclusions: Surgical excision and histopathological examination in malignant eyelid tumors are the most accurate and reliable options as they provide both diagnosis and treatment at the same time. When a malignant eyelid tumor is suspected, patients should be referred to an oculoplastic surgeon experienced in ocular oncology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we classified 4 skin lesions (Melanoma, Melanocytic Nevus, Basal Cell Carcinoma, Benign keratosis) from ISIC 2019 dataset which was published by International Skin Imaging Collabration in 2019. We used InceptionV3 convolutional neural network model for classification. We applied two preprocessing methods: High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR) and Hilbert Transform. In conclusion we obtained 89% accuracy on classification of Basal Cell Carcinoma using Hilbert Transform. Moreover, we obtained 78% accuracy on classification of Melanoma using Contrast Enhancement High Dimensional Model Representation (HDMR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate long term outcomes of reconstruction techniques used for full thickness defects of upper and lower eyelids. Material and Method: Patients who had undergone reconstruction for full thickness eyelid defects were evaluated retrospectively. Partial thickness defects, defects which were less than 1/3 of the total size of the eyelid, and defects which could be repaired primarily without flap were excluded from the study. Surgical borders were excised with negative margins in malignant tumors. Reconstruction methods were performed according to the size and localization of eyelid defects. Demographic characteristics of patients, etiologies, reconstruction methods, sizes of the defects, pathology reports, follow-up times, postoperative complications, tumor recurrence, and surgical outcomes were recorded. Patients were evaluated for surgical outcomes, complications and tumor recurrence. Results: Eighty-four eyes of eighty-two patients were included in the study. The mean age was 67.5±13.5 years. The mean follow-up time was 21.2±14.6 (3-80) months. Reconstruction of lower eyelid was perfomed in 63 (75%) patients, upper eyelid in 18 (21.4%) patients and both lower and upper eyelid in 3 (3.6%) patients. Basal cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 65.4% (n=55) of patients. Reconstruction was performed using only flap in 74 (88.1%) patients and flap and graft in 10 (11.9%) patients. Among 15 (17.9%) patients with complications, 5 (5.9%) underwent secondary surgery. Cosmetic and functional outcomes were satisfactory in 95.2% and 96.4% of patients, respectively. Tumor recurrence was not observed during follow- up. Conclusion: In the full thickness defects of upper and lower eyelids, good functional and cosmetic outcomes can be achived using proper reconstruction methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cutaneous tumoral lesions are often clinically similar. Often it need to be diagnosed pathologically. The aim of this study was to evaluate together with the clinical appearance the pathologic diversity of the tumoral lesions need to be excised and that were admitted to the dermatology polyclinic. Methods: We were retrospectively evaluated the pathological diagnosis of 60 patients who were admitted to our outpatient clinic with complaints of tumoral lesions. Results: The most common tumoral lesions were epidermal cyst (20%) and trichilemmal cyst (10%). Basal and squamous cell carcinomas were equally revealed (6.7%). Basosquamous cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma and chondroid syringoma, which are rare tumors, were observed in one patient (1.6%). Conclusions: Although some tumoral lesions are diagnosed by inspection, many lesions are similar to each other clinically, so pathologic diagnosis is needed. Surgical excision of these masses of dermatologists may contribute to both the development of differential diagnosis and occupational training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Erythronychia is a term that covers a range of pathological patterns of red discoloration of the subungual tissues. The intensity of the red contrasts with the pale pink of the nail bed or the cream color of the lunula. It is typically due to one or more actors that include inflammation, vessel proliferation, and engorgement and focal thinning of the nail plate. Longitudinal erythronychia presents with longitudinal red bands in the nail plate that commence in the matrix and extend to the point of separation of the nail plate and nailbed. Neoplastic, inflammatory, scarring, or idiopathic processes involve the distal nail matrix, producing a groove in the ventral nail plate. The nail bed then occupies this groove and accentuates the red color of the nail bed, producing a red streak. Longitudinal erythronychia may be specific to one nail or involve multiple nails.When longitudinal erythronychia involves one nail, it may be caused by benign conditions, such as onychopapilloma, wart, warty dyskeratoma, glomus tumor, or a solitary lesion of lichen planus. Less commonly, it may be caused by malignancies, such as Bowen disease, invasive squamous cell cancer, melanoma in situ, and basal cell carcinoma. The most common causes of longitudinal erythronychia involving multiple nails are lichen planus and Darier disease. Less common etiologies are systemic amyloidosis, hemiplegia, graft-versus-host disease, and acantholytic epidermolysis bullosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is a rare multisystemic disease inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. It is characterized by numerous basal cell carcinoma of the skin, jaw cysts, and skeletal anomalies such as frontal bossing, vertebral anomalies, palmoplantar pits, and falx cerebri calcification. There is a tendency to tumors including medullablastoma, fibroma, rabdomyoma, leiomyosarcoma etc.. The diagnosis is based on major and minor clinical and radiologic criteria. Early diagnosis and treatment are of utmost importance in reducing the severity of longterm sequelae of this syndrome. In this article, we present a 15-year-old boy who was admitted to our clinic with brown-black papules and plaques on his scalp and was thought to have Gorlin-Goltz syndrome. He had a history of medulloblastoma that was treated with surgical resection followed by cranial radiotherapy and unilateral retinoblastoma. We present this case, because association of Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and retinoblastoma has not been described previously in the literature and we aimed to draw attention to radiation-induced basal cell carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a locally aggressive tumor characterized by basal cell proliferation, superficial spreading, and it is rarely metastatic. It occurs particularly in the head and neck area and is rarely diagnosed in the temporal region. A type of BCC called pigmented BCC is rarely seen in the temporal region. While it is not an aggressive variant of BCC, pigmented lesions and malignant melanoma need to be considered in the differential diagnosis because of the production of pigment. In this article, we describe a 47-year-old female patient who presented with bloody otorrhea and ear itchiness and was diagnosed with pigmented BCC from a biopsy taken from the external auditory canal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Although frequently regarded as a low grade malignancy, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) sometimes shows aggressive behavior. Giant BCC is defined as a lesion greater then 5 centimeter. Material and Methods: The authors described the diagnosis and treatment protocol of giant BCC, involving lumbosacral region without any local or distant metastasis. Also the authors went through a thorough a retrospective literature research of giant BCCs in terms of frequency and treatment. Results: Giant BCCs are biologically more aggressive; however, patient's negligence is a key factor for the tumor size. İnternational medical database (PubMed) search reveals 253 giant BCCs with the most commonly seen site as the face and back area. However perianal BCCs are seen lower then 1%. Conclusion: In general, diagnosed giant BCCs account for lower then 1% of all BCCs. One must keep in mind this diagnosis to discard the metastasis rate among BCCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, we describe two cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), one of them is on the lower lip and the other is on the popliteal area. A 45-year-old male patient with an unhealed wound on the lower lip and a 38-year-old male patient with an unhealed wound over the popliteal skin were admitted to our clinic. There was no sun exposure and trauma in their medical history. A biopsy was taken from each case. The results were BCC in two patients. BCC is usually seen in the head and neck regions, but it may be also localized in rare areas such as the lower lip and lower extremity. These unpredictable areas should be considered for tumor surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are tumors arising from pluripotent stem cells of the epidermis or hair follicles. There are many histological subtypes such as clear cell, a rare variant, and they have the capacity to differentiate towards distinct directions such as neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). An 81-year-old female patient presented with a mass on the lateral side of the right eyebrow. Excisional biopsy was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed clear cell BCC with prominent rosette-like structures suggesting NED. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for chromogranin and CD56. This is the first reported case of clear cell basal carcinoma with NED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequently observed cancer. Its ethiopathogenesis is not totally clarified. In recent years one of the factors mentioned on ethiopathogenesis is 'fusion regions'. In our study we aimed to investigate whether the number of BCC is more or not in anatomic areas which contain more fusion regions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred twenty-eight BCC case whose anatomic region is indicated in histopathology report is taken into study. Fusion regions are determined according to the mapping system given in Tessier's publication. First the number of total fusion region for each anatomic area on face is calculated. Then, the number of BCC located in each anatomic area and the number of fusion region located in the same anatomic area are compared. In conclusion findings are commented with respect to cause result relationship. Results: The most important anatomic areas with respect to fusion region number were forehead and lip. In forehead and lip there were 11 fusion regions. 34 BCC on forehead and 14 BCC on lip are observed. There were 10 fusion regions on around the eye and a total of 74 BCC were observed on both periorbital area. But 9 fusion area is detected on nose area where BCC is mostly present (135). Conclusion: More BCC is not observed in anatomic areas where fusion region is plenty compared to anatomic areas where fusion region is less. As a result; in BCC development, it is seen that only fusion regions do not have ethiopathogenetic importance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Micrographic surgery is an intraoperative microscope-controlled surgery which aims at the excision of the entire tumor by achieving 100% control of the surgical margins with horizontal sectioning. In micrographic surgery, the healthy skin is preserved maximally due to the stepwise excision of the tumor using narrow margins. Due to its highest cure rates and maximal tissue preserving properties, it is the treatment of choice for high-risk non-melanoma skin cancers. Micrographic surgery is not routinely included in the dermatologic surgical procedures in Turkey. The aim of this study was to provide the availability of micrographic surgery for selected patients. Materials and Methods: During 2010-2015, 116 non-melanoma skin cancers that belong to 102 patients (53 male, 49 female) were treated with micrographic surgery. All tumors were located on the head or neck, and exhibiting at least one high-risk factor for recurrence. Micrographic surgery was performed with the Munich method between 2010 and 2013, and with Mohs surgery between 2013 and 2015. Results: The mean age of patients was 65.86±12.33 years (range: 33-90 years). The localization of the tumors was the head (n=112) and the neck (n=4). The number of micrographic surgery sessions to eliminate the tumor was 1 session for 55 (47.41%), 2 sessions for 55, and more than 2 sessions for 8 (6.89%) of the tumors. Six of the defects were left for secondary intention healing, 31 were repaired primarily and 13 defects were repaired with full thickness skin grafts whereas 66 were repaired with flaps. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that microscopic eradication of non-melanoma skin cancer necessitates more than one session for more than half of the cases, illuminating that microscopic extension of non-melanoma skin cancer beyond clinically apparent tumor is very likely. The results support that for tumors located on the head and neck where healthy skin should be preserved maximally for functional and cosmetic reasons, the use of micrographic surgery is a necessity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A considerable number of dermatolologist in Turkey perform standard surgical excision of non-melanoma skin cancer and repair the defects functionally and cosmetically. It is possible to appropriately treat most basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) with standard excision and even with curettage and electrodessication. However, for a group of patients at high risk of recurrence, standard excision cannot provide the desired oncologic cure rates. In order to increase the possibility of oncologic cure, it is recommended that high risk BCCs and SCCs should be excised with larger than 4-6 mm safety margins. On the other hand the most common localization for BCCs and SCCs are the face, and using safety margins larger than 4-6 mm on the face might contradict with the principles of tissue-preserving surgical approach. A more unfavorable situation is that the oncologic cure rates remain below 80% for high-risk BCC and SCC even after standard excisions with safety margins of wider than 4-6 mm. The goal of Mohs micrographic surgery is complete tumor removal with maximum preservation of healthy tissue.. Mohs micrographic surgery is a staged surgery that enables 100% assessment of the entire lateral and deep surgical margins microscopically in minutes after excision with horizontally cut frozen sections for residual cancer. Thus, it increases the oncologic cure rate especially for a certain group of patients with high-risk BCC and SCC. The aim of this paper was to review the Mohs technique, the most thorough method for treating BCC and SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has reported that enough evidence from human and animal researches are validated to accept ultraviolet (UV) radiation as a human carcinogen. Ultraviolet radiation is an important toxic environmental agent but it does not penetrate under skin. Lifelong, human skin is exposed to UV. Chronic UV exposure leads to accumulation of oncogenic potential and development of skin cancer in later years. Squamous cell carcinoma, one of the three most common skin cancers is directly related to solar radiation. Lesions appear at sun-exposed sites and the risk of development of malignancy is related with cumulative exposure. On the other hand, malign melanoma and basal cell carcinoma seems to be related with intermittant but high dose solar exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A considerable number of dermatolologist in Turkey perform standard surgical excision of non-melanoma skin cancer and repair the defects functionally and cosmetically. It is possible to appropriately treat most basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) with standard excision and even with curettage and electrodessication. However, for a group of patients at high risk of recurrence, standard excision cannot provide the desired oncologic cure rates. In order to increase the possibility of oncologic cure, it is recommended that high risk BCCs and SCCs should be excised with larger than 4-6 mm safety margins. On the other hand the most common localization for BCCs and SCCs are the face, and using safety margins larger than 4-6 mm on the face might contradict with the principles of tissue-preserving surgical approach. A more unfavorable situation is that the oncologic cure rates remain below 80% for high-risk BCC and SCC even after standard excisions with safety margins of wider than 4-6 mm. The goal of Mohs micrographic surgery is complete tumor removal with maximum preservation of healthy tissue.. Mohs micrographic surgery is a staged surgery that enables 100% assessment of the entire lateral and deep surgical margins microscopically in minutes after excision with horizontally cut frozen sections for residual cancer. Thus, it increases the oncologic cure rate especially for a certain group of patients with high-risk BCC and SCC. The aim of this paper was to review the Mohs technique, the most thorough method for treating BCC and SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malharbe'nin kalsifiye epitelyoması olarakta bilinen pilomatriksoma kıl folikülünden kaynaklanan nadir, selim bir deri tümörüdür. En sık baş boyun bölgesinde yerleşim göstermektedir. Kadın/erkek oranı 3/2'dir. Derin subkutan yerleşim gösterir ve hayatın ilk iki dekadında ortaya çıkar. Çapı 0,5 cm ile 3 cm arasında değişmektedir. Birden fazla lezyon görülmesi nadirdir. Histopatolojik olarak bazoloid hücreler ve gölge hücreler ile karakterizedir. Perforan (ekzofitik) tipi nadir bir klinik varyanttır. Tedavisi cerrahi eksizyondur. Olgumuz pilomatriksomanın az rastlanan bir klinik varyantına dikkat çekmek amacıyla sunulmuştur. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment of malignant eyelid tumors have different properties according to histological diagnosis, assessment of tumor margins and local or systemic spread. Chances of success in the treatment of malignant tumors of the eyelids are high only when the right procedures through which all tumor cells are eradicated with the condition that the role of protecton of ocular surface of the eyelids are functional. The aim of this review is to scrutinize the current treatment of malignant eyelid tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lips are important anatomic structures which have vital and social functions such as eating, drinking, phonation, speaking, kissing and expressing emotions. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histopathological type of lip cancer. Sun exposure, smoking, and chronic irritation have an important role in the etiopathogenesis. Lip cancers constitute a serious health problem and their treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. The operability status of patients, comorbid disease and patient expectations, tumor stage, location, size, depth and characteristics should be carefully evaluated while planning the treatment of these cancers. The purpose of this article is to present contemporary treatment modalities in cancers of the lip, tumor staging and treatment planning, analysis of lip defects related to surgery, major principles and techniques of lip reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer in humans. Surgery is still the gold standard for treating BCCs. However, there are also less-invasive, nonsurgical therapies such as imiquimod cream and intralesional interferon (IFN) alpha-2b for patients who are poor surgical candidates and who care about cosmetic outcomes. We report 11 patients with various subtypes of BCC successfully treated with either imiquimod alone or in combination with interferon alfa-2b. In this paper, we present 11 patients with various subtypes of histopathologically proven BCCs, who were treated with imiquimod or combination of imiquimod and IFN alpha-2b, in our outpatient clinic between 2005 and 2010. Of 11 patients, only 4 patients (3 infiltrative, 1 solid types) had received intralesional interferon alpha-2b at a dose of 3 million IU, 3 times a week combined with topical imiquimod while 7 patients had received only 5% imiquimod cream. All patients were cured with these regimens. Imiquimod is found to be effective not only in superficial, but also in infiltrative, solid, and nodular types. Intralesional interferon alpha-2b is also known to be effective in BCCs and it has a synergistic effect when combined with imiquimod. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Eyelid tumors are common neoplasm and comprise a wide variety of benign and malignant tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the relative frequency of eyelid tumors and to present their some clinical features. Material and Methods: Clinical and histopathological charts of the patients presenting eyelid neoplasm, between January 2005 and December 2012, were reviewed retrospectively. The data retrieved were age, gender, tumor location and histological findings. The results: A total of 233 cases were found. The mean age of patients was 50.4 years, with an average of 63.2 years for malignant tumors and 46.2 years for benign ones. Of the eyelid lesions, 24.1% were malignant and 75.9% were benign. The most frequently seen eyelid malignancy was basal cell carcinoma (%86); others were squamous cell carcinoma (%7) and basosquamous carcinoma (%7). The most common benign lesions were xanthelasma (%24), followed by nevus (%22), epidermoid cyst (%15), fibroepithelial polyps (%13) and seborrheic keratosis (%10), respectively. The most common area of lesion location was lower eyelids for malign tumors (%84) and upper eyelids for benign ones (%46). Conclusions: A lot of types of tumor can be seen on eyelids and most of them are benign. Malign eyelid tumors are seen in advanced age and are generally located on the lower eyelids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 44-year-old male and 75 year old woman has a lesion on their lower eyelid presented to our clinic. Biopsies revealed basal cell carcinoma and patients undergo general anesthesia for excision of the tumors and repair. The full-thickness nearly total lower eyelid defects were reconstructed with the modified Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap for posterior lamellar reconstruction combined with a Fricke supraorbital island flap for anterior lamellar coverage. Supraorbital flap had provided a good support to prevent ectropion with sling effect in our cases. This combination allowed us to do second stage surgery for separating tarsoconjunctival flap earlier (10 to 12 days) than usual and provided an acceptable cosmetic result for lower eyelid defects in our two cases. Combination of modified Hughes tarsoconjunctival flap and Fricke supraorbital island flap may become a good alternative for reconstruction of bilamellar lower lid defects reaching 75 percent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burns, trauma and tumor excision repair due to defects of the nasal aesthetic and functional point view is of particular importance.. A 62 years-old male patient underwent a tumor excision that was diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma on the dorsum of the nose. A full thickness defect with 4,2x4,5 cm in size extending from nasal dorsum to left lateral side involving cutaneous, subcutaneous, muscle, nasal bone and mucosa occurred. Triple layer reconstruction was performed where the nasal mucosa was repaired with septal mucochondral flap, nasal skeleton with free calvarial bone graft and the skin defect with forehead flap. No early or late complication was encountered in the 38-month follow-up period. The combined use of septal chondromucosal flap, calvarial bone graft and forehead flap is supposed to be a reliable and a suitable method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trichoepithelioma is a benign cutaneus tumour originating from hair follicles. It is most commonly found on the face and scalp. Histopathologic examination was composed of band-like nests of basaloid cells showing peripheral palization, abortive hair papilla and horn cysts in a fibrocellular stroma. A 82-year-old woman applied for a 10-year old groin mass that recently slowly growing. The lesion was excised and it was diagnosed as giant solitary trichoephitelioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common form of cancer. It usually occurs at sites with the greatest concentration of pilosebaceous follicles, and it is directly related to sun exposure. It grows slowly and shows local invasion but distant metastases is rare. The complete excision of basal cell carcinoma and histological confirmation of tumor clearance allows disease control. Material and Methods: The present group of 436 cases surgically treated between 2006 and 2011 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. Patient and tumor characteristics recorded were: age, gender, tumor size, anatomic location, histologic subtype, excisional margins and recurrence rate. Results: The mean age of the patient was 58,4 years. The lesions were primarily localized to the face (82.6%). The most frequent histological type was the nodular. Infiltrative type had a high recurrence rate. The average follow-up period in this report was 30.6 months. Incomplete excisions occurred in 21(6.7%) cases. The rate of basal cell carcinom recurrence was 3.4% (13 cases). Conclusion: The success of surgical treatment of basal cell carcinoma is essential to determine the correct exicional boundaries. Also risc factors must be evaluated. Histological type influence the surgical treatment and rate of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the intraoperative frozen section controlled excision method in the treatment of periocular basal cell carcinomas (BCC) and the recurrence rate. Metarial and Method: Records of 30 patients with histological diagnosis of BCC were included in this study. Patients were investigated for demographic information, tumor site and size, histology of tumor, and recurrence rate. The tumor was treated with the frozen section controlled excision method with a 3 mm clear margin in all patients. In cases, where the surgical margins contained tumor cells, further excision was undertaken and eyelid reconstruction was performed at the same session. Postoperatively, histological examination of paraffin sections was done for all patients. Results: The mean age of the 30 patients with primary BCC was 66.1±10.03 (range, 45-82) years. Most BCCs were located at the lower and upper eyelids. In five (16.7%) patients, tumor was detected within the surgical borders after the excision performed under intraoperative frozen section control. In these patients, the excision was extended from the positive margin. Recurrence has not been monitored in any of the patients during the mean follow-up period of 18.46±6.22 (range, 12-36) months. Discussion: We believe that frozen section controlled excision in the surgical treatment of BCC is an effective method for obtaining tumor-free surgical borders and for preventing recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Design: Photodynamic therapy (FDT) is a photochemotherapy modality which is used frequently and effectively in the treatment of actinic keratosis, Bowen disease and basal cell carcinomas. This study was performed to determine cure rates, cosmetic outcome and recurrence rates after aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-based photodynamic therapy for skin lesions showing complete response to treatment procedure. Material and Method: Sixty-eight patients (27 females and 41 males) with 78 lesions were included in the study. Among them, 25 were actinic keratosis (AK), 8 were actinic cheilitis (AC), 30 were basal cell carcinomas (BCC), 3 were Bowen disease, 10 were intraepidermal epithelioma (IEE), one lesion was parapsoriasis and one lesion was verruca plantaris. Six to 8 hours after topical administration of ALA (20%), the lesions were exposed to light from a broad-band light source. Skin biopsy specimens were obtained from 74 lesions for histopathological control. Results: At the end of the second month of treatment, fifty-six (72%) of seventy-eight lesions showed complete clinical response, whereas fourty-seven of 74 lesions (63.5%) exhibited complete histopathological clearance. A total of 9 recurrences (16%) was observed during a median follow-up of 36 months. Recurrence rates were 3 (14%) in AK, 1 (17%) in AC, 1 (8%) in superficial BCC, 3 (75%) nodular BCC and 1 (12.5%) in IEE. Cosmetic outcome was excellent and good in 42 lesions (89%), fair in 3 lesions (6%) and poor in 2 lesions (5%). Conclusion: Topical photodynamic therapy is a noninvasive, effective and cosmetic modality of treatment in the selected skin lesions, as an alternative to the conventional procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Eyelids and conjunctiva, which are composed of cutaneous, mucosal and stromal tissues, may develop various pathologies. Histopathological diagnosis of the lesions located in these anatomical regions is crucial for determining the optimal therapeutic modality and protection of ocular functions. Material and Methods: In this retrospective study, the clinical and histopathological features of neoplastic lesions located on the eyelids and the conjunctiva diagnosed at the Department of Pathology in Karaelmas University Faculty of Medicine between the years of 2003 and 2008 were reviewed and evaluated. Results: A total of 127 cases were included to the study. 84,2% of the lesions in our case series were located on the eyelids. 69,1% and 30,9% of these eyelid lesions were benign and malignant, respectively. 15,8% of the lesions were conjunctival. 95% of the conjunctival lesions were benign, while 5% were malignant. The most common benign lesions of the eyelids were squamous papillomas (20,3%), while the most commonly observed malignant neoplasm was basal cell carcinoma (57,6%). Most of the benign conjunctival lesions were melanocytic nevi (57,9%), while only one case was diagnosed as in situ squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Basic histopathological analyses of the periorbital lesions were performed in this study. The most commonly encountered malignant lesions of the eyelids and conjunctiva were basal and squamous cell carcinomas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gorlin-Goltz syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder principally characterized by cutaneous basal cell carcinomas, multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors(KCOTs), and skeletal anomalies. In addition to the classical triad described by Gorlin and Goltz, other neurological, ophthalmic, endocrine, and genital manifestations have also been established as features of the syndrome. In this report a 12-year-old male patient with Gorlin-Goltz syndrome and its teratment is presented with 1.5 year follow up period. The aim of this case report is to increase the awareness of the syndrome among dentists about younger age patients with no lesions of the skin and emphesize the importance of early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of non melanoma skin cancers. Because of less exposure to ultraviolet light in perianal and genital regions, BCC is seen rarely in these areas. It is rarely seen in perianal and genital regions where non U.V. exposed areas. In this case report a fifty years old patient who had an ulcerated lesion on his left perianal region for nearly ten years was evaluated. After BCC is diagnosed with incisional biopsy, the lesion was excised with 5mm surgical margins under general anesthesia. The excision material was reported as BCC with clean surgical margins. Neither recurrence nor metastasis was observed in postoperative twelve months follow-up. Differential diagnosis of ulcerated lesions of perianal and genital regions include sexually transmitted diseases (e.g. Syphilis, HSV), pyoderma gangrenosum, Behçet's disease, thrombosed haemorrhoid, fistula secondary to inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal malignancies. Even it is very rare, BCC must be kept in mind in differential diagnosis of ulcerated perianal and genital lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Only few breast pilomatrixomas have been reported, with imaging showing well defined nodules with microcalcifications. In this paper we report the ultrasonographic and mammographic features of a case of pilomatrixoma of the male breast, a rare benign neoplasm originating from the hair matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is a genodermatosis with autosomal dominant inheritance. Its clinical findings include multiple basal cell carcinomas, jaw cysts, pitting of the hands and feet, skeletal abnormalities, ectopic calcifications, and other less common abnormalities. We describe the development of pedunculated papules in a child with a clinical appearance of acrochordons that when removed showed basal cell carcinoma. These findings suggest that acrochordon in a child may be a sign leading to early diagnosis and deserve biopsy. (Turkderm 2010; 44: 96-8) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer, the scalp lesions of BCC have been rarely reported. Giant BCC is defined as a tumor larger than 5 cm in diameter and only 0.5-1 % of all BCCs achieve this size. We report a case of giant BCC on the scalp that was treated with topical coticosteroids and antifungal shampoo for five years. BCC should be considered in the differential diagnosis in erythematous plaque type lesions resistant to therapy with long duration localized on the scalp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma,the most common human malignancy,accounting for %75 of non-melanoma skin cancer, is uncommon on unexposed skin such as the perianal and genital regions. We describe a woman with basal cell carcinoma of the vulva treated with local resection. Vulvar basal cell carcinoma's account %2 of vulvar cancers. The aetiology of vulvar basal cell carcinoma is not known, early diagnosis is important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]