293,063 results
Search Results
2. mLearning Versus Paper and Pencil Practice for Telling Time: Impact for Attention and Accuracy
- Author
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Aaron R. Deris, Cynthia F. DiCarlo, and Thomas P. Deris
- Subjects
Original Paper ,Technology ,Treatment design ,IPad app ,05 social sciences ,mLearning ,Math ,050301 education ,Education ,Elementary ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Mathematics education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Mobile device ,Pencil (mathematics) ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of mLearning or mobile device practice on the attention and accuracy of student's use of math concepts, specifically, telling time. A single subject, alternating treatment design was used to compare mLearning to paper and pencil practice in four 3rd grade male students. Results were mixed; two children were observed to be more on-task during the mLearning practice, and two children were observed to perform similarly across both conditions. Additionally, two children performed similarly on correctly completed problems across both conditions, and two children performed better using paper and pencil practice. All students completed more math problems during the paper and pencil practice.
- Published
- 2021
3. 'Toilet Paper Panic': Uncertainty and Insecurity in Early 1970s Japan
- Author
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Eiko Maruko Siniawer
- Subjects
Archeology ,History ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Museology ,medicine ,Panic ,Toilet paper ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Psychiatry - Abstract
When toilet paper disappeared from store shelves across Japan in November 1973, the housewives who searched their neighborhood markets and stood in long lines for the scarce packs were described as unwitting perpetrators of a “toilet paper panic.” The word “panic” evoked well-established notions of a social frenzy, irrational and overwrought. This article overturns a conception of panic laden with condescension and adopts, instead, a more empathetic approach to examining why a run on toilet paper and other daily necessities occurred in late 1973, and why it resonated so deeply across Japan as a “panic.” In the broader context of the early 1970s, the toilet paper scare and its characterization as a “panic” can be understood as responses to sweeping and multifaceted economic challenges that destabilized daily life and threatened to upend middle-class lifestyles. After more than fifteen years of high economic growth, that sense of middle-class comfort and security was shaken by shortages and inflation as well as mounting evidence of government ineptitude and corporate profiteering. Buffeted by insecurity and uncertainty, Japanese “middle-classness” as both an experience and an ideal had never seemed as vulnerable as it did in the early 1970s.
- Published
- 2021
4. Toilet Paper Thrones and Heated Tweets: Applying Moral Panic and Social Network Theory to Responses Over Panic Buying during COVID-19
- Author
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Shuxuan (Elizabeth) Li
- Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Toilet paper ,Panic buying ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Moral panic - Abstract
Social networks string everyone together. In the world affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, residents left their houses less often and maintained their connections online. Preparing for longer periods at home, some customers stockpiled supplies, the most discussed of which being toilet paper. When internet users came across videos of empty store shelves and people boasting about the amount of toilet paper they obtained, public contempt exploded over these supposed “panicked buyers.” From February to May of 2020, patterns of reaction against panic buying matched the description of a moral panic as presented by sociologist Stanley Cohen. The media is an agent of contagions in a social network. During COVID-19, news headlines often detailed shortages of supplies around the world. Meanwhile, social media became a platform for videos of stockpiling consumers, like those who built thrones out of toilet paper boxes. These behaviors from the media further escalated a small issue of temporary toilet paper shortage to almost a national emergency, while drawing attention away from shortages of crucial medical supplies and test kits.
- Published
- 2021
5. Pre-registration of a systematic review protocol for meta-analyses of conference papers presented at Japanese Psychological Association and Japanese Society for Social Psychology in 2013 and 2018 (stage 1)
- Author
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Hiraishi, Kai, Miura, Asako, HIGUCHI, Masataka, Fujishima, Yoshitsugu, and Nakamura, Daiki
- Subjects
FOS: Psychology ,publication bias ,Social Psychology ,systematic review ,Psychology ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,conference paper ,p-curve analysis ,meta analysis - Abstract
This project will conduct a systematic review of conference papers that had been presented at the Japanese Psychological Association and the Japanese Society of Social Psychology.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Pre-registration of a systematic review protocol for meta-analyses of conference papers presented at Japanese Psychological Association and Japanese Society for Social Psychology in 2013 and 2018 (stage 1) (revision 1)
- Author
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Hiraishi, Kai, Miura, Asako, HIGUCHI, Masataka, Fujishima, Yoshitsugu, Nakamura, Daiki, and Suyama, Masaki
- Subjects
FOS: Psychology ,publication bias ,Social Psychology ,systematic review ,Psychology ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,conference paper ,p-curve analysis ,meta analysis - Abstract
This project will conduct a systematic review of conference papers that had been presented at the Japanese Psychological Association and the Japanese Society of Social Psychology. This is a revised version (revision 1) of our protocol preregistered at https://osf.io/9u8fg.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. A systematic review protocol for meta-analyses of conference papers presented at the Japanese Psychological Association and the Japanese Society for Social Psychology in 2013 and 2018 (stage 2)
- Author
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Hiraishi, Kai, Miura, Asako, HIGUCHI, Masataka, Fujishima, Yoshitsugu, Nakamura, Daiki, and Suyama, Masaki
- Subjects
publication bias ,selective reporting ,Social Psychology ,Social and Behavioral Sciences ,p-curve analysis ,FOS: Psychology ,meta-analysis ,replicability crisis ,systematic review ,evidential value ,Questionable Research Practices ,p-hacking ,Psychology ,z-curve analysis ,conference paper - Abstract
This project will conduct a systematic review of conference papers that had been presented at the Japanese Psychological Association and Japanese Society of Social Psychology. This is a protocol for the stage 2 data collection.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Classification of Head, Neck, and Face Pains First Edition (WHS-MCH1): Position paper of the WHS Classification Committee
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Anand Kumar, Divyani Garg, Pravin Thomas, Ahamed Subir, Madhav Raje, Brian E McGeeney, Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi, Chaithra D Aroor, and Kris Castle
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Head neck ,Optometry ,Face (sociological concept) ,Position paper ,Psychology - Published
- 2021
9. The Effects of Digital Written Feedback on Paper-based Tests for College Students
- Author
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Yoon Mi Cha and Hyeon Woo Lee
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business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,050301 education ,Usability ,Paper based ,Education ,Learning experience ,Perception ,College education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Learning Management ,business ,Sociology of Education ,Set (psychology) ,Psychology ,0503 education ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,media_common - Abstract
Feedback is beneficial to students’ learning process and overall achievement, but one of the common complaints from students about college education is regarding feedback. So, this study aimed to examine whether digital written feedback positively influences students’ learning experience and attitude toward learning. Digital written feedback refers to feedback provided through a learning management system as handwritten feedback added to a scanned copy of the student’s paper-based assessment using a smart pad and smart pencil. The study surveyed a diverse set of college students’ (n = 175) perceptions regarding feedback satisfaction, learning satisfaction, the usefulness of digital written feedback, and perceived achievement via an online survey. A one-way analysis of variance found a significant difference between feedback satisfaction and learning satisfaction according to the feedback method. A multiple regression analysis indicated the satisfaction and perceived usefulness of digital written feedback predicted perceived achievement. From the students’ open responses regarding the benefits of digital written feedback, five themes emerged, namely usability, psychological relief, accessibility, self-regulation, and acceptance. The implications for digital written feedback are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
10. White Paper: Recognizing Child Trafficking as a Critical Emerging Health Threat
- Author
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Dawn Lee Garzon Maaks, Stacia M. Hays, Mikki Meadows-Oliver, and Jessica L. Peck
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Vulnerability ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Nursing ,030225 pediatrics ,Health care ,medicine ,Humans ,Family ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,media_common ,Human rights ,business.industry ,Sex trafficking ,Public health ,Child Abuse, Sexual ,Health equity ,Human Trafficking ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Public Health ,business ,Psychology ,Criminal justice - Abstract
Human trafficking is a pandemic human rights violation with an emerging paradigm shift that reframes an issue traditionally seen through a criminal justice lens to that of a public health crisis, particularly for children. Children and adolescents who are trafficked or are at risk for trafficking should receive evidence-based, trauma-informed, and culturally responsive care from trained health care providers (HCPs). The purpose of this article was to engage and equip pediatric HCPs to respond effectively to human trafficking in the clinical setting, improving health outcomes for affected and at-risk children. Pediatric HCPs are ideally positioned to intervene and advocate for children with health disparities and vulnerability to trafficking in a broad spectrum of care settings and to optimize equitable health outcomes.
- Published
- 2021
11. Comparison of electric hand dryers and paper towels for hand hygiene: a critical review of the literature
- Author
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Kelly A. Reynolds, Jonathan D. Sexton, A. Norman, and D.J. McClelland
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Paper ,Infection risk ,media_common.quotation_subject ,electric dryer ,Review Article ,Multiple methods ,air dryer ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Scientific evidence ,paper towel ,03 medical and health sciences ,Human health ,Electricity ,Microbial risk ,Hygiene ,hand hygiene ,Humans ,Relevance (law) ,Statistical analysis ,Review Articles ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,Actuarial science ,030306 microbiology ,General Medicine ,Hand ,hand dryer ,Psychology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Summary Numerous studies are published on the benefits of electric hand dryers vs paper towels (PT) for drying hands after washing. Data are conflicting and lacking key variables needed to assess infection risks. We provide a rapid scoping review on hand‐drying methods relative to hygiene and health risks. Controlled vocabulary terms and keywords were used to search PubMed (1946–2018) and Embase (1947–2018). Multiple researchers independently screened abstracts for relevance using predetermined criteria and created a quality assessment scoring system for relative study comparisons. Of 293 papers, 23 were included in the final analysis. Five studies did not compare multiple methods; however, 2 generally favoured electric dryers (ED); 7 preferred PT; and 9 had mixed or statistically insignificant results (among these, 3 contained scenarios favourable to ED, 4 had results supporting PT, and the remaining studies had broadly conflicting results). Results were mixed among and within studies and many lacked consistent design or statistical analysis. The breadth of data does not favour one method as being more hygienic. However, some authors extended generalizable recommendations without sufficient scientific evidence. The use of tools in quantitative microbial risk assessment is suggested to evaluate health exposure potentials and risks relative to hand‐drying methods. We found no data to support any human health claims associated with hand‐drying methods. Inconclusive and conflicting results represent data gaps preventing the advancement of hand‐drying policy or practice recommendations.
- Published
- 2020
12. Self Psychology in a Pluralistic World: A Position Paper
- Author
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Martin Gossmann
- Subjects
Clinical Psychology ,Psychoanalysis ,Self psychology ,Narcissism ,medicine ,Position paper ,Psychoanalytic theory ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Reciprocity (evolution) ,Intersubjectivity - Abstract
In this article the author outlines his understanding of self-psychology as an independent psychoanalytic treatment paradigm created by the late Heinz Kohut and initially geared toward the psychoan...
- Published
- 2021
13. Hard or Soft Sell? Understanding White Papers as Content Marketing
- Author
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Sean M. Campbell, Kim Sydow Campbell, and Jefrey S. Naidoo
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TheoryofComputation_MISCELLANEOUS ,Value (ethics) ,Persuasion ,White (horse) ,Content marketing ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Advertising ,02 engineering and technology ,White paper ,020204 information systems ,Technical communication ,Industrial relations ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Descriptive research ,Psychology ,business ,Research question ,media_common - Abstract
Background: Although some have noted that combining technical and marketing content is precarious, technical communication professionals are increasingly involved in content marketing, which includes the creation of white papers. Literature review: The little existing literature on white papers provides conflicting guidance about managing the combination of technical and marketing content. Both soft-sell and hard-sell marketing approaches have been recommended. One source of such inconsistent guidance may be the lack of agreement about definitions. Research on print advertisements has described hard and soft selling as multidimensional rather than binary aspects of persuasive appeals. Research question: Which dimensions of hard- and soft-sell appeals are predominant in white papers? Research methodology: To complete our descriptive study, we collected a corpus of documents labeled as white papers in TechRepublic, and then selected and trained three raters to complete a series of judgments about dimensions of persuasive appeals in the corpus. We aggregated those ratings, calculating the mean and standard deviation for the dimensions to describe their distribution across the corpus. Results/discussion: Overall, hard-sell dimensions were more prevalent than soft-sell dimensions. However, the soft-sell category of “implicitness” was also dominant. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the value of treating hard and soft selling as multidimensional, complementary, and combinatory marketing appeals that allow, for example, a single white paper to be both “subjective” (soft sell), and “precise” (hard sell), or both “creative” (soft sell) and “informative” (hard sell).
- Published
- 2020
14. White Paper: Yoga Therapy and Pain—How Yoga Therapy Serves in Comprehensive Integrative Pain Management, and How It Can Do More
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Marlysa Sullivan, Shelly Prosko, Matthew J. Taylor, and Neil Pearson
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Psychotherapist ,Psychological intervention ,Pain ,Context (language use) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Yoga Therapy ,medicine ,Humans ,Pain Management ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Pain Measurement ,Yoga ,Public health ,Chronic pain ,General Medicine ,Pain management ,medicine.disease ,humanities ,Meditation ,Psychology ,human activities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
This paper examines the role of yoga therapy in comprehensive integrative pain management (CIPM). The pain crisis is described, and how yoga therapists can contribute to its solution is explained. Yoga therapy can be an essential component of the multidisciplinary undertaking that will be required to improve patient outcomes and alter the trajectory of the global public health crisis constituted by an epidemic of poorly understood and inadequately addressed pain. Additional context and evidence are presented to document the effectiveness of yoga therapy interventions to support people living with pain. The white paper concludes by listing recommendations to providers, consumers, payers, and legislators, who together can address systemic and structural barriers to CIPM, as well as suggestions for enabling the yoga therapy profession to more fully participate in these solutions.
- Published
- 2020
15. Comparison of test performance on paper-based testing (PBT) and computer-based testing (CBT) by English-majored undergraduate students in China
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Noriko Iwashita and Wenjing Yu
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Linguistics and Language ,Paper-based testing ,Test takers’ attitude ,Language and Literature ,Applied psychology ,Computer based ,English proficiency ,Paper based ,Impact test ,Language and Linguistics ,Test (assessment) ,Score equivalence ,Test performance ,Language education ,Computer familiarity ,Thematic analysis ,Psychology ,Computer-based testing - Abstract
Computer-based testing (CBT), which refers to delivering assessments with computers, has been widely used in large English proficiency tests worldwide. Despite an increasing CBT in China, limited research is available concerning whether CBT can be used for the Test for English Majors-Band 4 (TEM 4). The current study investigated whether testing mode impacted TEM 4 score and factors (i.e., computer familiarity level and attitude towards CBT) that might correlate with performance on CBT of TEM 4. Overall 92 Chinese undergraduate students were randomly assigned to one of the groups, i.e., CBT or paper-based testing (PBT), and took the test. A mixed method was employed, including (1) quantitative and qualitative analysis of test performance in two modes, as well as CBT group participants’ computer familiarity and attitudes towards the mode; and (2) thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. The results revealed that (1) test scores in CBT and PBT were comparable; (2) two items in the computer familiarity questionnaire, i.e., comfort level of reading articles on the computer and forgetting time when using computers, positively correlated with CBT scores; and (3) participants’ attitude towards CBT did not impact test performance.
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- 2021
16. Psychological aspects of sport-related concussion: An evidence-based position paper
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Alicia M Trbovich, Gordon A. Bloom, Jeffrey G. Caron, and Anthony P. Kontos
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Evidence-based practice ,biology ,Athletes ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,030229 sport sciences ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,050105 experimental psychology ,Sport related concussion ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Concussion ,medicine ,Position paper ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychological aspects ,Psychology ,human activities ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
The field of sport-related concussion (SRC) is evolving quickly, and psychological aspects affecting athletes’ recovery and well-being are now recognized as an important component for research and ...
- Published
- 2020
17. Deconstructing applied linguistics conference paper titles: A syntactic analysis
- Author
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Joseph Benjamin Archibald Afful and Christopher Ankomah
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applied linguistics,compound unit title,conference papers ,syntactic configuration ,title style ,050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Phrase structure rules ,Applied linguistics ,Syntax ,Punctuation ,Language and Linguistics ,Noun phrase ,Linguistics ,Education ,03 medical and health sciences ,Social ,0302 clinical medicine ,030202 anesthesiology ,Noun ,Academic writing ,Rhetorical question ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,Sosyal ,media_common - Abstract
Following Swales’ (1990) influential study on research article (RA) introductions, some attention has increasingly been paid to other rhetorical units of both expert and learners’ writing, including titles. A key and effective discursive means through which titles are constructed and presented is the syntactic configuration. The present study, thus, investigates the syntactic structures employed by authors of conference paper titles (CPTs) in Applied Linguistics. A qualitative content analysis was employed to study a corpus of 592 CPTs from a popular conference for researchers, scholars, and practitioners of Applied Linguistics worldwide, supported by some descriptive statistics. The analysis of data study identified three main title styles: Single Unit Title, Compound Unit Title, and Complex Unit Title. The analysis showed that, out of these three title styles, Compound Unit Titles were preferred by researchers. Further, the colon was the dominantly used punctuation mark in separating the components of Compound Unit titles. The final point was that authors preferred prepositional phrases in the post modification of the noun phrase structure of CPTs. The findings of this study have implications for the scholarship on titlelogy, academic writing pedagogy as well as further research.
- Published
- 2020
18. A Position Paper on the Implementation of Learning Technology Tools: Uncovering Faculty Perceptions
- Author
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Zhanat Alma Elliston
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Higher education ,business.industry ,Component (UML) ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Mathematics education ,Key (cryptography) ,Position paper ,Psychology ,business ,Style (sociolinguistics) ,media_common - Abstract
Effective integration of learning technology tools in classrooms is a key component of 21st century higher education classrooms. The goal of the position paper is to provide a discussion from the results of the research study and to uncover the faculty members’ views and perceptions about implementing learning technology tools. Insights from this study revealed that it is a teaching technique and style of the faculty members in the use of these learning technology tools that determined the nature of their perception of success rather than the learning tools themselves.
- Published
- 2020
19. Rubrics for EFL Oral Presentations A Position Paper
- Author
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Magdy M. Aly
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Formative assessment ,Medical education ,Perception ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Foreign language ,Position paper ,English as a foreign language ,Rubric ,Context (language use) ,Student learning ,Psychology ,media_common - Abstract
The instructional value of rubrics for promoting student learning and aiding teacher feedback to student performance has been extensively reached in the educational literature. There is nonetheless a dearth of studies on students' rubric use in second/foreign language contexts. And fewer studies have investigated the factor affecting rubrics' effectiveness for promoting student learning. The paper Reports a classroom-based inquiry unto students' perceptions of rubric use in self-assessment in English as a foreign language context and the factors moderating its effectiveness. Eighty students at Chinese university participated in the study. The data collected included their reflective journals and six case study informants' retrospective interviews. Results showed that the rubric was perceived as useful for fostering the students' self-regulation by guiding them through the stages of goal-setting, planning, self- monitoring and self-reflection. Both within-rubric and rubric-user factors were identified as affecting the rubric's effectiveness in student self-assessment. The findings are discussed with reference to the design features of rubrics implications are drawn for formative rubric use in student self-assessment
- Published
- 2020
20. Teaching acronyms to the military: A paper-based DDL approach
- Author
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Pascual Pérez-Paredes and Yolanda Noguera-Díaz
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050101 languages & linguistics ,Concordance ,05 social sciences ,Rank (computer programming) ,050301 education ,Paper based ,Target population ,English for specific purposes ,Language acquisition ,Mathematics education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Materials Science ,Psychology ,0503 education - Abstract
This research investigates the use of Data-driven learning (DDL) tasks in the teaching and learning of acronyms in a specialised corpus. Our target population is professional military staff (n=16). The researchers collected and analysed the Salvage and Rescue of Submarines Corpus (SAR) where the patterning of acronyms, neglected in English for Specific Purposes (ESP), plays a substantial role. Using a mixed-methods methodology, this research looked at the students’ interaction with DDL, as well as at the subsequent interviews with the students. Deductive and inductive paper-based DDL tasks with concordance lines of acronyms were used with two groups of students of different rank. Both groups found the tasks challenging and showed mixed reactions towards concordance lines. While there has been a much-needed emphasis on tools and corpus methods training in DDL, we suggest that conversations with adult, professional students about the nature of instructed language learning and language patterning are absolutely essential to promote a more active learner role in DDL approaches.
- Published
- 2020
21. Anne Boykin Institute for the Advancement of Caring in Nursing Use of Robots to Complement Caring Relationships in Nursing Position Paper
- Author
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Willa Fuller, Claudia Grobbel, and Susan Bulfin
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Community and Home Care ,Nursing (miscellaneous) ,030504 nursing ,06 humanities and the arts ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Complement (complexity) ,InformationSystems_GENERAL ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nursing ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY ,Position paper ,Robot ,060301 applied ethics ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Care Planning - Abstract
This position paper expresses current and future concerns about the use of robots in nursing. This statement reflects integration of humanoid nurse robots (HNRs) in nursing education, practice, and research. It is imperative nurses be directly involved in decisions about the design, implementation, and evaluation of the use of HNRs in healthcare. As questions arise about the ethical use of robots in nursing situations, caring theories will inform the implementation of HNRs in nursing to ensure the we protect the safety and the dignity of those entrusted to our care.
- Published
- 2019
22. Partnering to Improve Career and Technical Education for Students With Disabilities: A Position Paper of the Division on Career Development and Transition
- Author
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Allison Lombardi, David W. Test, Michael W. Harvey, Amy Szymanski, Catherine Imperatore, Kristy Barnett, Michelle Conrad, and Dawn A. Rowe
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Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,Vocational education ,Transition (fiction) ,Pedagogy ,Position (finance) ,Position paper ,Division (mathematics) ,Special education ,Psychology ,Teacher education ,Education ,Career development - Abstract
This article describes the Division of Career Development and Transition’s (DCDT) position regarding Career Technical Education (CTE) and provides recommendations regarding more intense collaboration to improve access to and persistence in CTE for students with disabilities. Professional groups, such as the DCDT and the Association for Career and Technical Education, as well as policy makers, should strengthen collaboration in this area. This position paper: (a) explores CTE’s effectiveness as a secondary special education and transition service; (b) summarizes relevant federal legislation; and (c) presents key recommendations for policy, practice, personnel preparation and professional development, and research. Policy and practice recommendations emphasize access and equity, personnel preparation and professional development recommendations promote an understanding of related legislation and instructional practices, and research recommendations emphasize collaborative high-quality research.
- Published
- 2019
23. Nature of the evidence base and frameworks underpinning dietary recommendations for prevention of non-communicable diseases: a position paper from the Academy of Nutrition Sciences
- Author
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Mary Hickson, Margaret Ashwell, Sara Stanner, Ann Prentice, and Christine M. Williams
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0301 basic medicine ,Flexibility (engineering) ,Medical education ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutritional epidemiology ,Nutritional Sciences ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Rigour ,Scientific evidence ,Diet ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Consistency (negotiation) ,Relevance (law) ,Position paper ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychology ,Noncommunicable Diseases ,Cohort study - Abstract
This Position Paper from the Academy of Nutrition Sciences is the first in a series which describe the nature of the scientific evidence and frameworks that underpin nutrition recommendations for health. This first paper focuses on evidence which underpins dietary recommendations for prevention of non-communicable diseases. It considers methodological advances made in nutritional epidemiology and frameworks used by expert groups to support objective, rigorous and transparent translation of the evidence into dietary recommendations. The flexibility of these processes allows updating of recommendations as new evidence becomes available. For CVD and some cancers, the paper has highlighted the long-term consistency of a number of recommendations. The innate challenges in this complex area of science include those relating to dietary assessment, misreporting and the confounding of dietary associations due to changes in exposures over time. A large body of experimental data is available that has the potential to support epidemiological findings, but many of the studies have not been designed to allow their extrapolation to dietary recommendations for humans. Systematic criteria that would allow objective selection of these data based on rigour and relevance to human nutrition would significantly add to the translational value of this area of nutrition science. The Academy makes three recommendations: (i) the development of methodologies and criteria for selection of relevant experimental data, (ii) further development of innovative approaches for measuring human dietary intake and reducing confounding in long-term cohort studies and (iii) retention of national nutrition surveillance programmes needed for extrapolating global research findings to UK populations.
- Published
- 2021
24. Scientific Paper Production by Iranian Dental Schools Between 2015 and 2019
- Author
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Mehrdad Vossoughi, Aira Sabokseir, Ali Golkari, Seyyed Taghi Heydari, and Heshmatollah Heidari
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Medical education ,Dental research ,Scopus ,Paper production ,Christian ministry ,General Medicine ,Psychology ,Accreditation - Abstract
Background: Journal articles published by Iranian dental school faculty members have followed an upward trend Since 2000, based on: (1) the global growth rate; (2) the increase in the number of country’s dental schools and their relatively higher number of faculty members; and (3) the health ministry’s emphasis on research and scientific publications. Hence, it is important to keep ourselves up to date about the trend of scientific articles published by Iranian dental schools. Objectives: This study aimed to extract the number and quantitative value of articles authored by faculty members of Iranian dental schools that are indexed in three databases of SCOPUS, PubMed, and the Web of Science (WoS/ISI) from 2015 to 2019. Methods: A five-year cross-sectional study was conducted on the above-mentioned databases, using a similar strategy for all databases. Words “Iran” and “dent*” were searched in affiliations. The obtained results were investigated in-depth. The details of search results were checked out one by one. Only those articles with at least one author genuinely affiliated to an Iranian dental school were included for further assessment. The “number of articles” authored by at least one author and those with the “first author” affiliated to an Iranian dental school were counted. Then, the “quantitative value” or share of each author was calculated by dividing one by the number of authors of the article. The three variables were compared among databases, dental schools, and study years. Results: A total of 3922, 2473, and 2345 articles were retrieved from SCOPUS, PubMed, and WoS, respectively. Concerning SCOPUS and WoS databased, all three study variables had an increasing trend from 2015 to 2018 but decreased in 2019. In PubMed, however, the decline started from the beginning of the study period. Conclusions: The observed decline in the number of scientific papers produced or published at the end of the study period is worrying. The novel variable of “quantitative value” that was calculated in this study can be regarded as an appropriate and feasible indicator to determine the number of scientific papers published by individuals, dental schools, and the whole country’s dental research society, compared to other variables. Policymakers should rethink facilitating publication in accredited journals, especially those indexed in PubMed.
- Published
- 2021
25. Using a professional framework to guide research interviews with registered nurses who are former refugees: A discussion paper
- Author
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Cathy Dickson, Judy Mannix, Harrison Ng Chok, Lesley M Wilkes, and Peter J. Lewis
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Medical education ,Harm ,Interview ,Cultural safety ,Refugee ,Professional development ,Psychology ,Traumatic memories ,Cultural competence ,General Nursing ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background There is a scarcity of studies exploring the preparation and training of lead researchers prior to ‘entering the field’. This paper provides a critique of the necessary formal training undertaken by the lead researcher in preparation for engaging refugees in a research project. In this study, the [professional training organisation’s] ‘core concepts’ framework was modified and implemented by the lead researcher during in-depth interviews with people who came to Australia as refugees and became Registered Nurses (RNs). Aim To provide practical insights into the preparation and implementation of a modified ‘core concepts’ framework when interviewing refugee participants. Methods Discussion paper. Findings The lead researcher describes the preparation and implementation of a modified ‘core concepts’ framework when conducting interviews with five nurse participants with refugee backgrounds. Discussion This paper highlights the process of acknowledging the nuances of the refugee experience, identifying and minimising factors that exacerbate undue harm, while maintaining positive experiences among participants who have long since resettled and work in a caring profession. Conclusion The importance of formal training and preparation for researchers engaging refugees in sensitive research should not be overlooked. Conversely, it is the researchers’ contention that a lack of training and preparation widens the possibility of unethical, yet preventable harm toward participants and researchers. This study highlights an exemplar of applying professional training with participants who potentially have traumatic memories. Further these considerations can extend to RNs working with colleagues, clients and patients who are refugees.
- Published
- 2022
26. Taiwan's 'White Paper on Teacher Education': Vision and Strategies
- Author
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Shen-Fei Chen, Yi-Huang Shih, and Yan-Hong Ye
- Subjects
White paper ,Pedagogy ,Psychology ,Teacher education ,Education - Published
- 2020
27. Comparisons of Receptive and Expressive Vocabulary Performances between Computer-and Paper-based Test in Children with Language Development Delay
- Author
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Ji Suk Park, Seong Hee Choi, Chul-Hee Choi, and Kyoung jae Lee
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,business.industry ,Communication ,Paper based ,computer.software_genre ,Test (assessment) ,Speech and Hearing ,Language development ,Expressive vocabulary ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Psychology ,computer ,Natural language processing - Abstract
배경 및 목적: 본 연구는 언어발달지연 아동의 한국판 수용 · 표현 어휘력 검사에서 컴퓨터 기반(태블릿 PC) 매체와 종이 기반 매체를 이용하여 매체의 변화가 아동의 언어 수행력에 차이를 보이는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구의 대상은 생활 연령이 만 3-7세의 언어발달지연 아동 27명을 대상으로 하였다. 언어발달지연 정도와 통합언어연령에 따라 각각 두...
- Published
- 2020
28. PERCEPTIONS OF PAPER-BASED LECTURE HANDOUTS AMONG FIRST YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS AT AL-KINDY MEDICAL COLLEGE
- Author
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Abdu Al Kareem Ali Hassan, Hasoon Fadhel Abdulla, Al-Ealam Medical Sector M.B.Ch.B. M.Sc., and Haifaa Rashid Hamid
- Subjects
Medical education ,Paper based ,Psychology - Published
- 2020
29. Factors Influencing Homosexuality in Men: A Term Paper
- Author
-
Margie P. Vito
- Subjects
Term paper ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Homosexuality ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,media_common - Published
- 2020
30. Determinants of Job Satisfaction among Healthcare Professionals in Ghana : A Position Paper
- Author
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Lucy Boahemaa, Ama Boafo-Arthur, Maxwell Opuni Antwi, Fanglin Li, and Elvis Adu
- Subjects
Health professionals ,Work engagement ,05 social sciences ,Applied psychology ,Organizational commitment ,Work environment ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Psychological well-being ,0502 economics and business ,Job involvement ,Position paper ,Job satisfaction ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychology ,050203 business & management - Abstract
There is a growing interest in the health professionals’ performance sustenance and work- related attitudes research. This is primarily because health professionals experience on daily basis some undesirable variables like fatigue, `well-being, stress, emotional drain, psychological need frustration and job dissatisfaction which affect performance and its sustenance. Health managers quest to resolve issues of performance sustenance, have resulted in difficulties in their attempt to motivate health professionals to be highly functional and effective to sustain performance. In a lower-middle income country like Ghana, there has not been a lot of success in this regard considering the enormity of psychological challenges and the seemingly disturbing work environment health professionals engage their services in. These continue to affect performance fundamentally because they keep experiencing negative development psychologically. Additionally, it has been documented severally in the extant literature how these negative psychological developments affect the performance of healthcare professionals which unreservedly requires a new dimension in the way work environment is managed. A gap our study intends to address through the incorporation of positive psychological capital which we seek to use in moderating the work related attitudes that has the capacity to address the negativity that has engulfed work environment among healthcare professionals.
- Published
- 2019
31. A Response to the CPA Position Paper on Training in Cultural Psychiatry in February 2021
- Author
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Emmanuel Persad and L. Kola Oyewumi
- Subjects
Psychotherapy ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Race (biology) ,Psychotherapist ,Ethnopsychology ,Cultural Psychiatry ,Stigma (botany) ,Position paper ,Humans ,Psychology ,Training (civil) - Published
- 2021
32. The provision and efficacy of peer feedback in blogs versus paper-based writing
- Author
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Hossein Nassaji and Maria-Lourdes Lira-Gonzales
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Linguistics and Language ,Class (computer programming) ,Peer feedback ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,Paper based ,Popularity ,Language and Linguistics ,Education ,Second language ,Mathematics education ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,0503 education - Abstract
While the use of blogs has gained increasing popularity among second language (L2) writers, research into their role in developing L2 writing ability is yet underdeveloped. In particular, investigations into the use and effectiveness of peer feedback on L2 blogs are limited. The current study sought to fill this gap by comparing the provision of peer feedback in blogs versus on paper. Participants were a class of ESL students in a TESL university program in Quebec who produced written texts both in blogs and on paper, received peer feedback, and then revised their texts. Altogether, the findings suggest that while both blogs and paper can be influential mediums for L2 writing, they may inspire different types of errors, elicit different types and degrees of feedback, and lead to differences in subsequent revisions.
- Published
- 2019
33. WAIMH position paper: Infants’ rights in wartime
- Author
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Miri Keren, Ghasson Abdallah, and Sam Tyano
- Subjects
Male ,050103 clinical psychology ,Human Rights ,Developmental Disabilities ,Poison control ,Suicide prevention ,Occupational safety and health ,Developmental psychology ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Child Development ,Adverse Childhood Experiences ,Pregnancy ,Injury prevention ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Child ,Physician's Role ,Exposure to Violence ,War Exposure ,Infant mental health ,Humanitarian aid ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,Infant Welfare ,Infant ,Human factors and ergonomics ,Armed Conflicts ,Aggression ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Mental Health ,Rape ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Position paper ,Female ,Psychology ,business ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
The World Association for Infant Mental Health (WAIMH) decided to compose a position paper on infants' rights in wartime, as there is still a general lack of attention paid to the impact of war-related traumas on infants' development and psychological health. Though there are numerous areas of violent conflicts around the globe, there have been few published studies that relate specifically to infants. Consequently, humanitarian aid programs tend to overlook infants' psychological needs and to pay more attention to those of older children. This position paper first reviews the studies identified through a literature search, about the impact of war-related traumas during pregnancy and postnatal periods, then describes the existing recommendations that have been added to the Children Rights Convention and their implications for infant mental health clinicians.
- Published
- 2019
34. Comparison of pharmacy students’ perceptions and attitudes toward spirometry first-hand experience versus paper-based active learning
- Author
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Osama A. Shoair, Rachel A. Sharpton, and Frank S. Yu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Spirometry ,Attitude of Health Personnel ,media_common.quotation_subject ,education ,Pharmacy ,Pharmacy curriculum ,Perception ,medicine ,Humans ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,media_common ,Medical education ,Community pharmacies ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Teaching ,Paper based ,Test (assessment) ,Students, Pharmacy ,Education, Pharmacy ,Active learning ,Female ,Curriculum ,Psychology ,business - Abstract
Background and purpose Spirometry is often technically challenging for patients. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of spirometry in the community pharmacy setting. This study compared pharmacy students' perceptions and attitudes toward performing spirometry, as well as implementing spirometry in clinics and community pharmacies through experiencing spirometry first-hand versus completing paper-based active learning exercises. Educational activity and setting First-year (N = 102) and second-year (N = 70) pharmacy students were provided with the same pre-class materials to learn about the spirometry process. During class, first-year (P1) students performed spirometry tests, while second-year (P2) students completed paper-based active learning exercises about spirometry without performing the test. A survey was provided to each group at the end of the class to: (1) compare students’ perception of the difficulty of performing spirometry, and (2) identify patient, clinic, and pharmacy barriers to implementing spirometry testing. Findings P1 students perceived performing spirometry as significantly more difficult compared to P2 students. Both P1 and P2 students perceived correct posture and breathing technique, and patient discomfort as the most difficult parts of performing spirometry. Significantly more P1 students (91.1%) perceived spirometry as a “helpful and noninvasive tool to screen for pulmonary diseases” than P2 students (54.1%). Summary Students who experienced spirometry perceived it to be more difficult than those who completed paper-based active learning exercises. Incorporating spirometry into a pharmacy curriculum could be an opportunity to increase students’ insight of the difficulty of performing spirometry and their appreciation for the clinical services pharmacists can provide.
- Published
- 2019
35. Narrative comprehension and engagement with e-books vs. paper-books in autism spectrum condition
- Author
-
Melissa L. Allen, Bethany R Wainwright, and Kate Cain
- Subjects
education ,autism ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Spectrum (topology) ,Developmental psychology ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,e-books ,mental disorders ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Association (psychology) ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,SoE Language Literacies and Education Network ,lcsh:LC8-6691 ,lcsh:Special aspects of education ,SoE Centre for Psychological Approaches for Studying Education ,medicine.disease ,Narrative comprehension ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,narrative comprehension ,Autism ,Psychology ,engagement - Abstract
Background and aims Children with autism spectrum condition often have specific difficulties with narrative comprehension, a skill which has a strong association with both concurrent and longitudinal reading comprehension. A better understanding of narrative comprehension skills in autism spectrum condition has the potential to provide insight into potential later reading comprehension difficulties and inform early targeted intervention. In the current study, the main objective was to investigate how differences in the medium of story presentation (paper-book vs. e-book) and differences in story narration (adult narration vs. in-app narration) would influence narrative comprehension in general, and between groups (autism spectrum condition and a receptive language-matched control group). We were also interested in how task engagement (visual attention and communication) differed between group and conditions and whether task engagement was related to narrative comprehension. Method Forty-two children with autism spectrum condition and 42 typically developing children were read a story either via a paper-book or an e-book with interactive and multimedia features. The e-book was either narrated by the experimenter (adult narrated iPad condition) or narrated by an in-app voiceover (e-book narrated iPad condition). Children’s behaviour during storybook reading was video recorded and coded for engagement (visual attention and communication). They then completed two measures of narrative comprehension: multiple-choice questions (measuring recall of literal information) and a picture ordering task (measuring global story structure). Results Contrary to predictions, we did not find any significant group or condition differences on either measure of narrative comprehension, and both groups demonstrated a similar level of narrative comprehension across the three conditions. We found differences in engagement between conditions for both groups, with greater visual attention in the e-book conditions compared to the paper-book condition. However, visual attention only significantly correlated with narrative comprehension for the typically developing group. Conclusion Overall, this study suggests that children with autism spectrum condition are just as able as language-matched peers to comprehend a narrative from storybooks. Presenting a story on an iPad e-book compared to a paper-book does not influence narrative comprehension, nor does adult narration of the story compared to in-app narration. However, on-task engagement is linked to narrative comprehension in typically developing children. Implications: Taken together, our findings suggest that e-books may be more successful than paper-based mediums at encouraging visual attention towards the story, but no better at supporting narrative comprehension and eliciting communication.
- Published
- 2022
36. Serious Games for seniors: Learning safe behaviors on the web : Position paper
- Author
-
Jose Henrique Pereira Sao Mamede, Jose Manuel Emiliano Bidarra de Almeida, Iolanda Bernardino, and Ricardo Baptista
- Subjects
World Wide Web ,Action (philosophy) ,Process (engineering) ,SAFER ,Information system ,Position paper ,Lack of knowledge ,Action research ,Psychology ,Theme (narrative) - Abstract
In a modern society, seniors want to be a part of the digital world and the research in progress seeks to present whether through Serious Games can help their learning process and understanding of cybersecurity when online browsing, namely, deciding which actions to make when facing an eminent threat. this position paper aims to presents a new research on how Serious Games can help seniors to become more aware in the cybersecurity theme and how to be more careful when search the web. In this research the methodology apply is the Action Research, by identifying the problem –lack of knowledge that seniors have on the online threats and promoting an action –the Serious Game played to teach and motivate the senior to become safer online.
- Published
- 2021
37. Ethical issues in two parallel trials of personalised criteria for implantation of implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention: the PROFID project-a position paper
- Author
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Ayca Kocar, Alireza Seperhi Shamloo, Georg Lindinger, Georg Schmidt, Hanno Tan, Marieke A. R. Bak, Dick Willems, Gerhard Hindricks, Nikolaos Dagres, Ethics, Law & Medical humanities, General practice, Graduate School, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Personalized Medicine, Cardiology, APH - Methodology, and APH - Digital Health
- Subjects
Research design ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,education ,Decision Making ,Myocardial Infarction ,Harmonization ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medical ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Superiority Trial ,Viewpoint ,Artificial Intelligence ,Health care ,medicine ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,Humans ,Medical physics ,030212 general & internal medicine ,outcome assessment ,Clinical Trials as Topic ,business.industry ,Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator ,research design ,ethics ,health care ,3. Good health ,Test (assessment) ,Defibrillators, Implantable ,Primary Prevention ,Death, Sudden, Cardiac ,Scale (social sciences) ,RC666-701 ,Position paper ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Psychology ,business ,heart arrest - Abstract
AimTo discuss ethical issues related to a complex study (PROFID) involving the development of a new, partly artificial intelligence-based, prediction model to enable personalised decision-making about the implantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in postmyocardial infarction patients, and a parallel non-inferiority and superiority trial to test decision-making informed by that model.MethodThe position expressed in this paper is based on an analysis of the PROFID trials using concepts from high-profile publications in the ethical literature.ResultsWe identify ethical issues related to the testing of the model in the treatment setting, and to both the superiority and the non-inferiority trial. We underline the need for ethical-empirical studies about these issues, also among patients, as a parallel to the actual trials. The number of ethics committees involved is an organisational, but also an ethical challenge.ConclusionThe PROFID trials, and probably other studies of similar scale and complexity, raise questions that deserve dedicated parallel ethics and social science research, but do not constitute a generic obstacle. A harmonisation procedure, comparable to the Voluntary Harmonization Procedure (VHP) for medication trials, could be needed for this type of trials.
- Published
- 2021
38. Identifying 'hot papers' and papers with 'delayed recognition' in large-scale datasets by using dynamically normalized citation impact scores
- Author
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Lutz Bornmann, Fred Y. Ye, and Adam Yongxin Ye
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Field-normalized impact scores ,05 social sciences ,General Social Sciences ,Hot paper ,Library and Information Sciences ,Scientometrics ,050905 science studies ,Citation impact ,Article ,Computer Science Applications ,Delayed recognition ,Paper with delayed recognition ,Family medicine ,medicine ,0509 other social sciences ,050904 information & library sciences ,Citation ,Psychology - Abstract
“Hot papers” (HPs) are papers which received a boost of citations shortly after publication. Papers with “delayed recognition” (DRs) received scarcely impact over a long time period, before a considerable citation boost started. DRs have attracted a lot of attention in scientometrics and beyond. Based on a comprehensive dataset with more than 5,000,000 papers published between 1980 and 1990, we identified HPs and DRs. In contrast to many other studies on DRs, which are based on raw citation counts, we calculated dynamically field-normalized impact scores for the search of HPs and DRs. This study is intended to investigate the differences between HPs (n = 323) and DRs (n = 315). The investigation of the journals which have published HPs and DRs revealed that some journals (e.g. Physical Review Letters and PNAS) were able to publish significantly more HPs than other journals. This pattern did not appear in DRs. Many HPs and DRs have been published by authors from the USA; however, in contrast to other countries, authors from the USA have published statistically significantly more HPs than DRs. Whereas “Biochemistry & Molecular Biology,” “Immunology,” and “Cell Biology” have published significantly more HPs than DRs, the opposite result arrived for “Surgery” and “Orthopedics.” The results of the analysis of certain properties of HPs and DRs (e.g. number of pages) suggest that the emergence of DRs is an unpredictable process.
- Published
- 2018
39. The challenges of feedback in higher education. A brief discussion paper based on a review of selected literature
- Author
-
Sandra Edith Meiras
- Subjects
Higher education ,Process (engineering) ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Face (sociological concept) ,Paper based ,Literacy ,General partnership ,Mass education ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Key (cryptography) ,Mathematics education ,Psychology ,business ,media_common - Abstract
Feedback is integral to the process of education but is not a simple process and in mass education and global systems presents numerous additional challenges. This paper, which is intended as an informative awareness-raising paper, provides a review of recent literature on the challenges that educators and students face when feedback is given and received. It conceptualizes feedback as a process that requires multiple inputs and should support the partnership between educators and students through dialogue and engagement. Feedback literacy that incorporates the role of emotion is seen as a key aspect of professional and student development to motivate and engage students.
- Published
- 2021
40. The most 100 cited papers in addiction research on cannabis, heroin, cocaine and psychostimulants. A bibliometric cross-sectional analysis
- Author
-
Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent, Juan Carlos Valderrama Zurián, Lourdes Castelló Cogollos, Francisco J. Bueno Cañigral, Generalitat Valenciana, and Ayuntamiento de Valencia
- Subjects
Marijuana Abuse ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Biomedical Research ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Scientific literature ,Bibliometrics ,Toxicology ,Heroin ,Cocaine-Related Disorders ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Psychiatry ,Social network analysis ,media_common ,Pharmacology ,biology ,Heroin Dependence ,Addiction ,Subject (documents) ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,United Kingdom ,United States ,Cited papers ,Substance abuse ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Substance related disorders ,Central Nervous System Stimulants ,Cannabis ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The number of citations a peer-reviewed article receives is often used as a measure of its importance and scientific impact. This paper identifies, describes and categorizes the highly cited papers in addiction research on cannabis, heroin, cocaine and psychostimulants. Highly cited papers were identified in the Web of Science Core Collection database. Several bibliometric indicators were calculated. Social network analysis was applied to draw groups of authors and institutions with the greatest number of collaborations and co-words. The number of citations for the top 100 cited articles ranged from 649 to 4,672. The articles were published in 40 journals. The subject category Substance Abuse included 10 papers. The United States was the most productive country (79 papers), followed by the United Kingdom (9). The main funding institutions were the National Institutes of Health in the United States. The network of collaboration between authors distributes the 352 researchers into 53 groups. The three most cited works address the neural basis of drug craving as an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction, the clinical and research uses of the Addiction Severity Index, and the neurocircuitry of addiction. Scientific literature on addictions is widely dispersed both in multidisciplinary and specific journals of neurology, psychiatry and addictions, with relatively few publications providing most of the citations. An ongoing challenge for this field is the concentration of highly cited papers coming from a select number of countries, with the United States being the research hub of the world, with the highest volume of publications and total citations., This work have been funding by Servicio de Drogodependencias (PMD/UPCCA-València). Concejalía de Sanidad y Consumo. Ajuntament de València.
- Published
- 2021
41. Normative Emotional Agents: A Viewpoint Paper
- Author
-
Estefania Argente, Daniel Perez-Garcia, Elena del Val, and Vicente Botti
- Subjects
Human-Computer Interaction ,Multiagent systems ,Intelligent agents ,Affective computing ,Normative ,Psychology ,LENGUAJES Y SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS ,Social psychology ,Social agents ,Software - Abstract
[EN] Human social relationships imply conforming to the norms, behaviors and cultural values of the society, but also socialization of emotions, to learn how to interpret and show them. In multiagent systems, much progress has been made in the analysis and interpretation of both emotions and norms. Nonetheless, the relationship between emotions and norms has hardly been considered and most normative agents do not consider emotions, or vice-versa. In this article, we provide an overview of relevant aspects within the area of normative agents and emotional agents. First we focus on the concept of norm, the different types of norms, its life cycle and a review of multiagent normative systems. Secondly, we present the most relevant theories of emotions, the life cycle of an agent¿s emotions, and how emotions have been included through computational models in multiagent systems. Next, we present an analysis of proposals that integrate emotions and norms in multiagent systems. From this analysis, four relationships are detected between norms and emotions, which we analyze in detail and discuss how these relationships have been tackled in the reviewed proposals. Finally, we present a proposal for an abstract architecture of a Normative Emotional Agent that covers these four norm-emotion relationships., This work was supported by the Spanish Government project TIN2017-89156- R, the Generalitat Valenciana project PROMETEO/2018/002 and the Spanish Goverment PhD Grant PRE2018-084940.
- Published
- 2022
42. Ethics of Collaboration: Comments on the AUCCCD White Paper
- Author
-
Lee N. Keyes, Jon Brunner, Paul D. Polychronis, and David L. Wallace
- Subjects
Medical education ,Higher education ,business.industry ,education ,Mental health ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,White paper ,Center (algebra and category theory) ,Organizational structure ,business ,Association (psychology) ,Psychology ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
Recently, the Association of University and College Counseling Center Directors (AUCCCD) published a White Paper on a multidimensional understanding of organizational structures for counseling cent...
- Published
- 2019
43. White Paper: the Provision of School Psychological Services to Dual Language Learners
- Author
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Cathi Draper Rodríguez, Pedro Olvera, and Carol Robinson-Zañartu
- Subjects
Medical education ,05 social sciences ,School psychology ,050301 education ,Spec# ,Educational psychology ,General Medicine ,White paper ,Second language ,Dual language ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,0503 education ,computer ,Neuroscience of multilingualism ,Competence (human resources) ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
School psychologists are increasingly tasked with assessing, supporting, and intervening with dual language learner (DLL) students, their teachers, and their families. Understanding the assets of bilingualism along with multiple issues associated with comprehensive practice with DLL has become paramount. Currently, practitioners often lack the depth in knowledge of cultural variables, dual language acquisition, knowledge of programs to effectively serve DLL students, bilingual assessment, and research and evidence-based practice to serve DLLs competently, as well as depth in second language competence. This white paper, endorsed by the School Psychology Educators of California (SPEC) and the California Association of School Psychologists (CASP), outlines areas of competence deemed to be essential to all psychologists, as well as additional areas of competence for practitioners identifying themselves bilingual school psychologists.
- Published
- 2019
44. Harms in Systematic Reviews Paper 1: An introduction to research on harms
- Author
-
Tianjing Li, Riaz Qureshi, and Evan Mayo-Wilson
- Subjects
Research Report ,Epidemiology ,Applied psychology ,Psychological intervention ,Research Personnel ,Terminology ,law.invention ,Clinical trial ,Identification (information) ,Systematic review ,Harm ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Meta-analysis ,Humans ,Psychology ,Systematic Reviews as Topic - Abstract
Objective : Most systematic reviews of interventions focus on potential benefits. Common methods and assumptions that are appropriate for assessing benefits can be inappropriate for harms. This paper provides a primer on researching harms, particularly in systematic reviews. Study Design and Setting : Commentary describing challenges with assessing harm. Results : Investigators should be familiar with various terminologies used to describe, classify, and group harms. Published reports of clinical trials include limited information about harms, so systematic reviewers should not depend on these studies and journal articles to reach conclusions about harms. Visualizations might improve communication of multiple dimensions of harms such as severity, relatedness, and timing. Conclusion : The terminology, classification, detection, collection, and reporting of harms create unique challenges that take time, expertise, and resources to navigate in both primary studies and evidence syntheses. Systematic reviewers might reach incorrect conclusions if they focus on evidence about harms found in published reports of randomized trials of a particular health problem. Systematic reviews could be improved through better identification and reporting of harms in primary studies and through better training and uptake of appropriate methods for synthesizing evidence about harms.
- Published
- 2022
45. Update on Third Party Observers in Neuropsychological Evaluation: An Interorganizational Position Paper
- Author
-
Tannahill Glen, Tresa Roebuck Spencer, Mark T. Barisa, Edward A. Peck, and Rebecca E. Ready
- Subjects
050103 clinical psychology ,Applied psychology ,Validity ,Context (language use) ,Neuropsychological Tests ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cognition ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Neuropsychology ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Medical education ,Third party ,05 social sciences ,Academies and Institutes ,Reproducibility of Results ,General Medicine ,United States ,Test (assessment) ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Clinical neuropsychology ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Trier of fact ,Position paper ,Professional association ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Objective The National Academy of Neuropsychology (NAN), the American Academy of Clinical Neuropsychology (AACN), and the American College of Professional Neuropsychology (ACPN) collaborated to publish an update to their original position statements, confirming the organizations' opposition to third party observer (TPO). Method A review of literature addressing TPO effects, ethical standards, professional organization position statements, test publisher policies and new telemedicine developments was completed to obtain consensus on relevant issues in TPO and recording of neuropsychological evaluations. Results TPO has been shown to impact the cognitive functions most often assessed in forensic or medicolegal settings. Third party observation, whether in person, recorded or electronic, remains a potential threat to the validity and reliability of evaluation results, and violates test security guidelines, ethical principles and standards of conduct in the field. Demands for TPO in the context of medicolegal or forensic settings have become a tactic designed to limit the ability of the consulting neuropsychologist to perform assessment and provide information to the trier of fact. Conclusion The field of neuropsychology opposes the presence of TPO in the setting of medicolegal or forensic neuropsychological evaluations.
- Published
- 2021
46. Dysexecutive disorders and their diagnosis: A position paper
- Author
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Hermine Lenoir, Pauline Narme, Pierre-Alain Joseph, Philippe Robert, Philippe Azouvi, Céline Bertola, Marianne Krier, Martine F. Roussel, Anne Bellmann, Thierry Meulemans, Olivier Martinaud, Claire Boutoleau-Bretonnière, Marc Verny, Claire Bindschaedler, Virginie Czernecki, Chrystèle Mosca, Eric Bretault, Pierre Labauge, Eugénie Lhommée, Olivier Godefroy, Service de neurologie [Amiens], CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de neurologie [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Neuropsychologie et imagerie de la mémoire humaine (NIMH), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Service de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratoire de physiopathologie de l'épilepsie (LNPEE), CHU Grenoble, Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Médecine Gériatrique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Laboratoire de recherches cliniques et en santé publique sur les handicaps psychique, cognitif et moteur (HANDIReSP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Service de neurologie [Nantes], Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Hôpital Guillaume-et-René-Laennec [Saint-Herblain], Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de gériatrie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
- Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,050105 experimental psychology ,Executive Function ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Dementia ,Cognitive Dysfunction ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Adaptive behavior ,Rehabilitation ,Operationalization ,Working memory ,05 social sciences ,Cognition ,Executive functions ,medicine.disease ,Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology ,Position paper ,Cognition Disorders ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Although executive function disorders are among the most prevalent cognitive impairments a consensus on diagnostic criteria has yet to be reached. With a view to harmonizing these criteria, the present position paper (i) focuses on the main dysexecutive disorders, (ii) examines recent approaches in both the behavioral and cognitive domains, (iii) defines diagnostic boundaries for frontal syndrome, (iv) reports on the frequency and profile of the executive function disorders observed in the main brain diseases, and (v) proposes an operationalization of diagnostic criteria. Future work must define the executive processes involved in human adaptive behavior, characterize their impairment in brain diseases, and improve the management of these conditions (including remediation strategies and rehabilitation).
- Published
- 2018
47. THE USE OF SAND PAPER LETTERS IN TEACHING THE ENGLISH ALPHABET
- Author
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Rodolfo Casupanan and Ivy Casupanan
- Subjects
English alphabet ,Sand-paper ,Mathematics education ,General Medicine ,Creative commons ,Psychology ,Curriculum ,Monitoring program ,License ,Class (biology) ,Test (assessment) - Abstract
This study was conducted as part of the curriculum monitoring program to determine the level of student performance in English, specifically on letter recognition of Royal International School, 2nd Semester, SY 2014-2015.The experimental method was utilized using the Pre Test and Post Test Equivalent Group Design where the lowest performing class was the focus of the study of preschool department. The study involved a total of fourteen (14) students randomly selected from the kindergarten class. Seven (7) samples were identified as control group and seven (7) as experimental group using fish bowl technique to avoid bias, each with an equal chance of being selected. The researcher made sure that both groups were almost identical based on their Pre-Test results, and parameter such as the means were taken into consideration. Findings showed that the use of Sand Paper Letters in the experimental group has a significant effect on student performance. Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.20319/pijtel.2018.23.5562 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, PO Box 1866, Mountain View, CA 94042, USA.
- Published
- 2018
48. White Paper-Geriatric Emergency Medicine Education: Current State, Challenges, and Recommendations to Enhance the Emergency Care of Older Adults
- Author
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Don Melady, Teresita M. Hogan, Lauren T. Southerland, Megan Dougherty, Thom Ringer, Colleen M. McQuown, and Kei Ouchi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,Original Contributions ,media_common.quotation_subject ,MEDLINE ,Emergency department ,Emergency Nursing ,Social learning ,Education ,Academic support ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,White paper ,State (polity) ,030502 gerontology ,Emergency medicine ,Emergency Medicine ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,0305 other medical science ,Psychology ,Curriculum ,media_common - Abstract
Older adults account for 25% of all emergency department (ED) patient encounters. One in five Americans will be 65 or older by 2030. In response to this need, geriatric emergency medicine (GEM) has developed into a robust area of academic and clinical interest, with extensive evidence-based research and guidelines, including clear undergraduate and postgraduate GEM competencies. Despite these developments, GEM content remains underrepresented in curricula and licensing examinations. The complex reasons for these deficits include a perception that care of older adults is not a core emergency medicine (EM) competency, a disjunction between traditional definitions of expertise and the GEM perspective, and lack of curricular capacity. This White Paper, prepared on behalf of the Academy of Geriatric Emergency Medicine, describes the state of GEM education, identifies the challenges it faces, and reviews innovations, including research presented at the 2018 Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Annual Scientific Meeting. The authors propose a number of recommendations. These include recognizing GEM as a core educational priority in EM, enhancing academic support for GEM clinician-educators, using social learning and practical problem solving to teach GEM concepts, emphasizing a whole-person multisystem approach to care of older adults, and identifying ageist attitudes as a hurdle to safe and effective GEM care.
- Published
- 2018
49. Analysis and Critique of the Advocacy Paper Towards Inclusive Education: A Necessary Process of Transformation
- Author
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Rahul Ganguly and Jennifer Stephenson
- Subjects
Process (engineering) ,Engineering ethics ,General Medicine ,Psychology ,Transformation (music) - Abstract
The increasing inclusion of students with disabilities in regular classes still leads to debate and many advocate for full inclusion of all students. Arguments for full inclusion are generally rights-based, but proponents also claim research supports the effectiveness of full inclusion over specialist provision for all students with disabilities. In this article, we analyse and critique the use of the research literature in an Australian advocacy paper as an example of the broad claims made concerning full inclusion. We examine the extent to which the sources used provide conclusive evidence about the merits of full inclusion. We find the advocacy paper relies heavily on opinion and non-peer-reviewed literature, with little use of quantitative research that compares outcomes for students in different settings. We suggest that policymakers should treat the conclusions drawn in this paper cautiously and give due consideration to the literature that is not supportive of full inclusion.
- Published
- 2021
50. Comparing Syntactic Complexity: Research Papers Written by Undergraduate Researchers and Published Research Papers
- Author
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Xiaofang Zeng
- Subjects
050101 languages & linguistics ,Academic language ,05 social sciences ,Mathematics education ,050301 education ,Syntactic complexity ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Psychology ,0503 education ,Education - Abstract
This study compared syntactic complexity between undergraduate students’ research papers and published research papers. A 2 (Groups: experts, students) × 4 (Sections: introduction, methods, results, discussions) mixed factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on each of the following variables: T-unit length, clause density, the frequencies of adverbial clauses, relative clauses, and nominal clauses. The analyses showed there were longer T-units and fewer adverbial clauses in the published papers than in the student papers. Section effects were robust. Qualitative analyses were further conducted to reveal how the student research paper is different from the published papers syntactically. Implications for education were discussed.
- Published
- 2021
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