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Nano-reinforcements in carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) have proven to enhance the mechanical properties considering quasi-static, as well as fatigue load and, are a promising option with regard to CFRP performance optimisation. While general knowledge about the nanofiller content and its influence in CFRP is well documented, the use of alignment techniques for a specific orientation of the nano-reinforcements is still insufficiently studied. In this work, the influence of oriented carbon nanofibres (CNF) on the mechanical properties of bidirectional CFRP is investigated. CFRP was produced CNF-reinforced with and without orientation using a hot press, where an electric field was applied during curing. The laminates were characterised with respect to dispersion quality, pore volume, quasi-static properties (tensile and bending tests) and dynamic properties (fatigue tests). Electrical resistance measurement was applied together with digital image correlation and in situ computed tomography to generate knowledge about the fatigue-related damage evolution and evaluate the sensors for viable use of condition monitoring. Results show that the orientation of CNF has a significant impact on both quasi-static and fatigue properties, increasing the strength while reducing and slowing down the introduced damage. Orientation of nanofillers thus shows large optimization potential of mechanical properties of CFRP components., Journal of composite materials;57(6)

The present study addresses young childrens (three-to five-year-olds) peer interactions and explores a recurrent interactional genre, i.e. childrens affectively heightened attention-organizing practices used when initiating an exchange in preschool interactions in Sweden. The data consists of 40 h of video recordings collected in two regular pre-schools in Sweden. By using Multimodal Interaction Analysis (Goodwin, 2000) of video -recordings from everyday activities, we examine the verbal, embodied and material fea-tures of childrens interactions. The analysis shows that children exploited common access to objects or physical personal attributes within their socio-material environment and relied on them to secure the others attention, while using various methods for making the object noteworthy. By indexing their affective stance towards the referent, the children created the interpretative framework for the recipients response. However, the recipients orientation and stance alignment were not to be presumed. The peer responses comprised a continuum of their affective engagement: the children aligned with or downplayed the prior speakers stance through the affective quality of their response. In all, detailed interactional analysis reveals the young childrens interactional repertoires and the communicative challenges associated with childrens peer interactions. Funding Agencies|Swedish Research Council [742-2013-7626]

The use of molecular data to study the evolutionary history of organisms has revolutionized the field of systematics. Now with the appearance of high throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies, more and more genetic sequence data are available. One of the important sources of genetic data for phylogenetic analyses has been mitochondrial DNA. The limitations of mitochondrial DNA for the study of phylogenetic relationships have been thoroughly explored in the age of single locus phylogenetic studies. Now with the appearance of genomic scale data, increasing number of mitochondrial genomes are available, leading to an increasing number of mitophylogenomic studies. Here, we assemble 47 mitochondrial genomes using whole genome Illumina short reads from representatives of the family Erebidae (Lepidoptera), in order to evaluate the accuracy of mitochondrial genome application in resolving deep phylogenetic relationships. We find that mitogenomes are inadequate for resolving subfamily-level relationships in Erebidae, but given good taxon sampling, we see its potential in resolving lower level phylogenetic relationships.

Multimodal registration is a challenging problem in visual computing, commonly faced during medical image-guided interventions, data fusion and 3D object retrieval. The main challenge of multimodal registration is finding accurate correspondence between modalities, since different modalities do not exhibit the same characteristics. This paper explores how the coherence of different modalities can be utilized for the challenging task of 3D multimodal registration. A novel deep learning multimodal registration framework is proposed by introducing a siamese deep learning architecture, especially designed for aligning and fusing modalities of different structural and physical principles. The cross-modal attention blocks lead the network to establish correspondences between features of different modalities. The proposed framework focuses on the alignment of 3D point clouds and the micro-CT 3D volumes of the same object. A multimodal dataset consisting of real micro-CT scans and their synthetically generated 3D models (point clouds) is presented and utilized for evaluating our methodology.

This study describes the opposite charge electrospun method for preparation of polyacrilonitrile / DMF nanofibrous tubular structure . Constant a processing parameters such as high polymer concentration and high rotational speed mandrel collector with varied the applied voltage and flow rate in wide range to display the effect of each one in determining the diameter , alignment, porosity, mean surface area and mean pores size of nanofibers. Tubular structures were produced from highly aligned continuous and uniform nanofibers through the opposite charge electrospinning methods and effect of each regulating parameter on tubular structure properties were evaluated and characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and thresholding method. Increasing flow rate of polymer solution considerably increased the diameter of the nanofibers , ranges of the average diameters were larger , the nanofibers diameter distribution were gradually border. Nanofibers diameter on the other hand, decreased as the applied voltage increased, ranges of the average diameters were smaller and the nanofibers diameter distribution were gradually narrower . while increased the porosity % , heights intensity(Y%) and mean surface area (nm2) and decreased the mean pores size (nm) with increased both the applied voltage and flow rate of polymer solution

The Americas, particularly Brazil, were greatly impacted by the widespread Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in 2015 and 2016. Efforts were made to implement genomic surveillance of ZIKV as part of the public health responses. The accuracy of spatiotemporal reconstructions of the epidemic spread relies on the unbiased sampling of the transmission process. In the early stages of the outbreak, we recruited patients exhibiting clinical symptoms of arbovirus-like infection from Salvador and Campo Formoso, Bahia, in Northeast Brazil. Between May 2015 and June 2016, we identified 21 cases of acute ZIKV infection and subsequently recovered 14 near full-length sequences using the amplicon tiling multiplex approach with nanopore sequencing. We performed a time-calibrated discrete phylogeographic analysis to trace the spread and migration history of the ZIKV. Our phylogenetic analysis supports a consistent relationship between ZIKV migration from Northeast to Southeast Brazil and its subsequent dissemination beyond Brazil. Additionally, our analysis provides insights into the migration of ZIKV from Brazil to Haiti and the role Brazil played in the spread of ZIKV to other countries, such as Singapore, the USA, and the Dominican Republic. The data generated by this study enhances our understanding of ZIKV dynamics and supports the existing knowledge, which can aid in future surveillance efforts against the virus. ispartof: VIRUSES-BASEL vol:15 issue:6 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published

The genomic diversity across strains of a species forms the genetic basis for differences in their behavior. A large-scale assessment of sequence variation has been made possible by the growing availability of strain-specific whole-genome sequences (WGS) and with the advent of large-scale databases of laboratory-acquired mutations. We define the Escherichia coli “alleleome” through a genome-scale assessment of amino acid (AA) sequence diversity in open reading frames across 2,661 WGS from wild-type strains. We observe a highly conserved alleleome enriched in mutations unlikely to affect protein function. In contrast, 33,000 mutations acquired in laboratory evolution experiments result in more severe AA substitutions that are rarely achieved by natural selection. Large-scale assessment of the alleleome establishes a method for the quantification of bacterial allelic diversity, reveals opportunities for synthetic biology to explore novel sequence space, and offers insights into the constraints governing evolution.

The article examines the superstructures of the tramway tracks of tramway line No. 1 in Budapest (the capital of Hungary). Since the first appearance of tramways, several technological advancements have been made to serve passenger needs as efficiently as possible. Several types of tramway track superstructure systems can be differentiated, which are implemented differently in each project. Furthermore, these superstructure types have different degradation times (both geometrical and structural), which depend on several factors. Nowadays, visual inspections are no longer considered sufficient in monitoring the tracks’ condition and deterioration, thus it is necessary to consider examinations carried out using the sensors mounted on the vehicles. Adopting appropriate methods, the measured data can be modeled and the life cycle of superstructures and structural elements can be determined as a result of sufficiently long-term studies (i.e., life cycle costs, the whole lifetime, etc.). First, the authors present a review of the relevant international literature, after that they conduct analysis of track geometry parameters of the superstructures related to five sections on the investigated tramway line based on the results of the measurements performed for three consecutive years between 2019 and 2021. The analyses consist primarily in statistical examination of the measured and calculated parameters.

A beta-class carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) was cloned from the genome of the Monogenean platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris, a parasite of Atlantic salmon. The new enzyme, GsaCA beta has a significant catalytic activity for the physiological reaction, CO2 + H2O (sic) HCO3- + H+ with a k(cat) of 1.1 x 10(5) s(-1) and a k(cat)/K-m of 7.58 x 10(6) M-1 x s(-1). This activity was inhibited by acetazolamide (K-I of 0.46 mu M), a sulphonamide in clinical use, as well as by selected inorganic anions and small molecules. Most tested anions inhibited GsaCA beta at millimolar concentrations, but sulfamide (K-I of 81 mu M), N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (K-I of 67 mu M) and sulphamic acid (K-I of 6.2 mu M) showed a rather efficient inhibitory action. There are currently very few non-toxic agents effective in combating this parasite. GsaCA beta is subsequently proposed as a new drug target for which effective inhibitors can be designed.

Mixed reality provides on-the-spot and real-time data access capabilities by making virtual models and information more intuitive and accessible. Furthermore, allowing the operator to perceive 3D as holograms would allow for a more natural and straightforward manipulation of the perceived 3D content by permitting the augmentation of real objects with various levels of data. This can be accomplished by appropriately registering and superimposing the presented 3D models with the surrounding environment. This work aims to provide a quantitative evaluation of HoloLens 2 capabilities in registering virtual content inside monumental spaces. Two different methodologies are evaluated: Vuforia image targets and Microsoft World Locking Tools (WLTs). Tests have been performed inside Milan Cathedral's monumental spaces. Here, ambience dimensions, single architectural element repetition and non-uniform lighting conditions push out-of-the-box methods to their limits. Results show that WLTs with their space pins API can correctly reference virtual content keeping deviations in the order of 15 cm coping with the scale error produced from sensors’ drifts.

Compound refractive lenses (CRLs) are established X-ray focusing optics, and are used to focus the beam or image the sample in many beamlines at X-ray facilities. While CRLs are quite established, the stack of single lens elements affords a very small numerical aperture because of the thick lens profile, making them far more difficult to align than classical optical lenses that obey the thin-lens approximation. This means that the alignment must be very precise and is highly sensitive to changes to the incident beam, often requiring regular readjustments. Some groups circumvent the full realignment procedure by using engineering controls (e.g. mounting optics) that sacrifice some of the beam's focusing precision, i.e. spot size, or resolution. While these choices minimize setup time, there are clear disadvantages. This work presents a new automated approach to align CRLs using a simple alignment apparatus that is easy to adapt and install at different types of X-ray experiments or facilities. This approach builds on recent CRL modeling efforts, using an approach based on the Stochastic Nelder–Mead (SNM) simplex method. This method is outlined and its efficacy is demonstrated with numerical simulation that is tested in real experiments conducted at the Advanced Photon Source to confirm its performance with a synchrotron beam. This work provides an opportunity to automate key instrumentation at X-ray facilities.

Seeing sociology visually adds a sense of realness to the viewer compared to only reading sociological texts. In this paper, I aim to provide an example of how a single scene from a feature film can be utilized as a practical and meaningful means to analyze a social situation and to help students of sociology to grasp key features of Goffman’s theory of interaction order. More precisely, the main aims of the paper are 1) to illustrate Goffman’s theory of the interaction order by identifying acts of disruption and alignment in interaction through a film clip; and 2) to attempt to analyze, in a Goffmanian sense, what is really going on in the situational interaction. The scene is from the 2013 American movie August: Osage County and follows a dinner of immediate family in the wake of the funeral of the hostess’s late husband. The normative and civilized interaction of the meal is, however, jeopardized by the hostile and provocative mood of the hostess, as she repeatedly disrupts the interaction order with attempts to mock and/or uncover the hidden and vulnerable truths of the immediate members of her family, exemplifying her power status in the particular situation. The dinner guests, however, try to overlook and resist the provocation of the hostess and stick to their predetermined roles to save and sustain their idealized selves (their faces) and the interaction order (the faces of others), In doing so they, on the one hand, discard the uncomfortable truths acclaimed by the hostess and, on the other, explain the hostess’s provocative actions in terms of their claim that she is unwell and in need of medical attention. Thus, the attacked dinner guests in the scene align more alliance to the interaction order than to truth itself.

The propensity of cells to align in particular directions is relevant to a number of areas, including tissue engineering and biohybrid robotics. Cell alignment is modulated through various extracellular conditions including surface topographies, mechanical cues from cell-matrix interactions, and cell-cell interactions. Understanding of these conditions provides guidance for desirable cellular structure constructions. In this study, we examine the roles of surface topographies and cell-cell interactions in inducing cell alignment. We employed wavy surface topographies at the nanometer scale as a model extracellular environment for cell culture. The results show that, within a certain range of wavelengths and amplitudes of the surface topographies, cell alignment is dependent on cell confluency. This dependence on both topology and confluency suggests interplay between cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in inducing cell alignment. Images of sparsely distributed and confluent cells also demonstrated clear differences in the structures of their focal adhesion complexes. To understand this effect, we introduced anti-N-cadherin to cell culture to inhibit cell-cell interactions. The results show that, when anti-N-cadherin was applied, cells on wavy surfaces required greater confluency to achieve the same alignment compared to that in the absence of anti-N-cadherin. The understanding of the cell alignment mechanisms will be important in numerous potential applications such as scaffold design, tissue repair, and development of biohybrid robotic systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cell alignment plays a critical role in numerous biological functions. Advances in tissue engineering utilizes cell alignment to restore, maintain, or even replace different types of biological tissues. The clinical impact that tissue engineering has made is facilitated by advancements in the understanding of interactions between scaffolds, biological factors, and cells. This work further elucidates the role of cell-cell interactions in promoting the organization of biological tissues. Nanyang Technological University Published version This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Health (R01AG06100501A1), Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA9550–18–1-0262), National Science Foundation (CMMI-1946456), Office of Naval Research (N00014-17–1–2566), and the Pennsylvania Department of Health (SAP4100077084). BD and KJH acknowledge partial financial support by the NIH Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (grant R01HD086325). KJH, YH and HRS would like to acknowledge the financial support from Nanyang Technological University (grant M4082428.050).

Healthcare projects, like other complex projects, begin with a project definition phase, where client needs are identified, and design solutions are proposed. All decisions related to this phase have an important impact on workspace conditions. Nevertheless, traditional methods of project definition management have been proven to be inadequate. An ill-defined project might lead to an increase in hospital-acquired infections or patient mortality. Participatory approaches such as Lean-led Design—in which clients including users play an important role from the beginning—are proposed to address this problem. This paper aims to identify and analyze the advantages and difficulties of Lean-led Design during the project definition process. A single case study was used to explore these issues. The case study chosen was a mega Canadian hospital project that implemented a Lean-led Design approach. Data were collected using archive research and semistructured interviews. This paper will help AEC industry stakeholders to understand the advantages and challenges involved in implementing a Lean-led Design approach. The findings of this study could help architects as well as managers to concentrate their efforts on significantly relevant issues.

Intensive aquaculture conditions expose fish to bacterial infections, leading to significant financial losses, extensive antibiotic use and risk of antibiotic resistance in target bacteria. Flavobacterium columnare causes columnaris disease in aquaculture worldwide. To develop a bacteriophage-based control of columnaris disease, we isolated and characterized 126 F. columnare strains and 63 phages against F. columnare from Finland and Sweden in 2017. Bacterial isolates were virulent on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and fell into four previously described genetic groups A, C, E and G, with genetic groups C and E being the most virulent. Phage host range studied against a collection of 227 bacterial isolates (from 2013 to 2017) demonstrated modular infection patterns based on host genetic group. Phages infected contemporary and previously isolated bacterial hosts, but bacteria isolated most recently were generally resistant to previously isolated phages. Despite large differences in geographical origin, isolation year or host range of the phages, whole-genome sequencing of 56 phages showed high level of genetic similarity to previously isolated F. columnare phages (Ficleduovirus, Myoviridae). Altogether, this phage collection demonstrates a potential for use in phage therapy.

The first goal of this study was to develop reliable three-dimensional definitions of alignment for the ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot joints. These alignments are based on three-dimensional morphological features derived from renderings of the bones obtained from weightbearing computer tomography. The second goal was to establish a database quantifying the alignment of the ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot joints in a healthy population during weightbearing bilateral standing. This level 1 study was performed on 95 normal subjects in which random subjects were recruited into a control group. Weightbearing computed tomography scans of the leg were collected in neutral, bilateral, standing posture. In 30 of the subjects, both the left and right leg was scanned. Six alignment parameters for each joint were calculated from morphological measurements conducted on three-dimensional renderings of the bones. Intra- and intertester reliability was assessed from repeated measurements by several testers. Analysis of variance statistics of the alignment parameters showed no statistical differences due to age, gender, or foot side. Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis showed excellent inter- and intratester reliability. It was concluded that the alignment process is comprehensive and reliable. Therefore, without classification by gender or age, it may be used as a foundation for quantifying abnormal alignment associated with various ankle deformities. Clinical significance: The alignment methodology and control database may be used to diagnose ankle, subtalar, and hindfoot misalignment. It can also serve as basis for surgical planning designed to restore normal alignment in various hindfoot pathologies, such as ankle realignment in total ankle replacement.

The physical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are extraordinary and surpass most state-of-the-art bulk materials. However, three decades since their discovery, CNT technology commercially thrives as additives to plastics, paints, or battery electrodes rather than standalone macroscopic products. The main reason for this shortcoming is the inability to transfer the CNTs' superb nanoscale properties into macroscopic materials. To realize the CNTs' full potential so this material can be widely adopted, efficient and inexpensive methods must be developed to narrow the gap between nanoscale and bulk properties. Novel applications must also be developed to harness current CNT textiles' multifunctional capabilities rather than striving for the superiority of an individual physical property. CNT alignment within a textile has been proven to be a critical contributor to narrow the nano to the macro gap. To facilitate this need, a setup was designed to apply an AC electric field to continuously align the CNTs in situ during the CNT bundling phase in a floating catalyst CVD reactor. The resulting bulk CNT textiles demonstrated an increase in the specific electrical and tensile properties (up to 90 and 460%, respectively) without modifying the quantity or quality of the CNTs, as verified by thermogravimetric analysis and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The enhanced properties were correlated to the degree of CNT alignment within the textile as quantified by small-angle X-ray scattering and scanning electron microscopy image analysis. The first application that was developed taking advantage of the direct-spun CNT textile's multifunctionality involved the design and production of active air filters using ultra-thin carbon nanotube electrically conductive membranes, mechanically supported by a porous polyester backing. Filtration efficiencies were measured up to 99.999%, while ultra-thin materials with low areal density (0.1 g m-2) exhibited pressure drops comparable to commercial High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters. These electrically conductive filters were designed to be actively self-sanitized by thermal flashes via resistive heating to temperatures above 80°C within milliseconds to seconds. The second application involved the development of a high-efficiency standalone electromagnetic interference shielding material (ESM) made of a direct-spun nonwoven CNT mat. The electrically conductive textile (~50×103 S m-1) was post-treated by chemical oxidation or thin copper metallization, increasing the conductivity by ~10 and ~1000 times, respectively, thus increasing its attenuation efficiency. The mats were tested for shielding effectiveness (SE) in an ultra-wide bandwidth of 30 kHz to 70 GHz. Maximal SE of >120 dB was measured for a 30 g m-2 CNTM (20,000 dB cm-1 for an HCl oxidized CNT mat. Both attenuation values are the highest values for non-metal-based ESMs. The textiles were also successfully utilized as ESMs integrated into waveguide gaskets or battery enclosures, outperforming their commercial counterparts., Q-Flo Limited

People repeat each other words in conversation, for example by using the word "brolly" instead of the word "umbrella" after their interlocutor used "umbrella". In other words, people entrain at a lexical level (Branigan et al., 2011). Lexical entrainment has been described as a consequence of alignment at the level of lexical representations, based on priming (Pickering and Garrod, 2004) but also as an audience design mechanism (e.g. speakers may repeat their interlocutors' words to facilitate their comprehension, in particular when their linguistic competence is assumed not to be optimal) (Brennan and Clark, 1996) or a combination of the two (Branigan et al.,2011). Speakers entrain with their interlocutors regardless of who they are. However, some elements of interlocutors' identity can modulate entrainment: Not only do people repeat their interlocutors' words when they interact with other people, but also when they interact with computer systems (such as virtual agents or social robots) (Branigan et al.,2011; Cirillo et al., 2021). Branigan et al. (2011) showed that the tendency to entrain is modulated by the perceived competence of the interlocutors (i.e. speakers entrain more often with systems that are perceived as less competent), which supports the audience design explanation or the combination between audience design and priming. However, it is still not clear how automatic mechanisms (based on priming) and strategic mechanisms (based on audience design) interact. Ivanova et al. (2020) proposed that attention might have a role: People might pay more attention to interlocutors when they assume they would need more help for comprehension. Attention would increase the depth of processing and encoding of linguistic information which would lead to greater alignment, and entrainment consequentially. In the current experiment, we replicate Branigan et al. (2011)'s experiment, by manipulating participants' beliefs about their interlocutor. One group of participants will play a picture matching/picture naming task with a virtual agent which is presented as highly competent (high competence condition), while another group will play the same task with the same virtual agent, presented, this time, as a beta version (low competence condition). Moreover, half of the participants will be asked to perform a secondary memory task (load condition). Additionally, all participants will be asked to perform a surprise follow-up memory task (word recognition task) that will allow us to investigate whether they attended to interlocutors' linguistic behaviour to a different extent in different conditions and whether attention boosts entrainment.

This pilot study investigates whether human participants, by interacting with a language model that is more capable than they are at answering particular kinds of difficult multiple-choice questions, can find ways to answer these questions such that their accuracy after they have interacted with the model will exceed the accuracy of the model when it is asked the question directly. The study also explores the effects of presenting model-generated arguments in support of both answer options, and of offering bonus payments to participants whose responses meet a target level of usefulness.

In this study, we are interested in whether or not young children (4 and 5-years of age) are sensitive to higher-order relational mappings. The study is an online conceptual replication of Kotovsky & Gentner, 1996 where it was shown that 4-year-olds succeeded at easier relational mappings (where a single dimension varies in identical ways across the target and the match) , but failed at harder mappings (where the the target dimension varies in one way (e.g., getting monotonically bigger) and the match in the inverse way (e.g., monotonically smaller).

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are leading candidates to explain the dark matter in the universe. Their production via the misalignment mechanism has been extensively studied for cosine potentials characteristic of pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons. In this work we investigate ALPs with non-periodic potentials, which allow for large misalignment of the field from the minimum. As a result, the ALP can match the relic density of dark matter in a large part of the parameter space. Such potentials give rise to self-interactions which can trigger an exponential growth of fluctuations in the ALP field via parametric resonance, leading to the fragmentation of the field. We study these effects with both Floquet analysis and lattice simulations. Using the Press-Schechter formalism, we predict the halo mass function and halo spectrum arising from ALP dark matter. These halos can be dense enough to produce observable gravitational effects such as astrometric lensing, diffraction of gravitational wave signals from black hole mergers, photometric microlensing of highly magnified stars, perturbations of stars in the galactic disk or stellar streams. These effects would provide a probe of dark matter even if it does not couple to the Standard Model. They would not be observable for halos predicted for standard cold dark matter and for ALP dark matter in the standard misalignment mechanism. We determine the relevant regions of parameter space in the (ALP mass, decay constant)-plane and compare predictions in different axion fragmentation models., Comment: 49 pages and 22 figures in the main text, and 14 pages and 2 figures in appendices

This discussion originally took place as part of the Sounding the Land exhibition curated by Simon Gush, Helena Pohlandt-McCormick, Craig Paterson and Gary Minkley at the virtual National Arts Festival that ran from 25 June 5 July 2020. Sounding the Land (https://soundingtheland.co.za/) intended to use the bicentennial of the so called 1820 settlers' arrival as a critical platform from which to discuss the legacies of the settler colonial project, the ways in which it is commemorated, and to reassess the historical understandings of the 1820 settler moment in South African history. In the following discussion, which took place via Zoom Video Communication and was originally recorded on 2 June 2020, between Leslie Witz in Cape Town (6 pm South African time) and Helena Pohlandt-McCormick in San Francisco (9 am Pacific time) they talk about the cyclical and accumulative power of anniversary and commemoration, the ways they set in place temporal certainties that align past, present and future, and how configurations of memorial space through visual technologies are authoritative mechanisms in establishing the time and times of history. They discuss strategies of resisting such memorial power and whether the simple inversion of historical figures and events may inadvertently serve to reinforce anniversary histories of founding. By linking the contemporary moments of the interview the COVID-19 pandemic, the postponement of settler commemorations, the virtual National Festival, and the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis they consider dystopian futures as inaugurating the possibilities of disruptive memorial time that constantly exposes the fractures of racial violence and colonial dispossession rather than masking it through either the commemoration or the inversion of the anniversary.

Previous experimental findings support the hypothesis that laughter and positive emotions are contagious in face-to-face and mediated communication. To test this hypothesis, we describe four experiments in which participants communicate via a chat tool that artificially adds or removes laughter (e.g. haha or lol), without participants being aware of the manipulation. We found no evidence to support the contagion hypothesis. However, artificially exposing participants to more lols decreased participants’ use of hahas but led to more involvement and improved task-performance. Similarly, artificially exposing participants to more hahas decreased use of haha but increased lexical alignment. We conclude that, even though the interventions have effects on coordination, they are incompatible with contagion as a primary explanatory mechanism. Instead, these results point to an interpretation that involves a more sophisticated view of dialogue mechanisms along the lines of Conversational Analysis and similar frameworks and we suggest directions for future research.

Three examples are presented of reanalyses of antipassives as or in the direction of ordinary transitive constructions, from Tsez, Chukchi, and Mayan languages. In all cases, an antipassive construction remains in the language or language family concerned, thus presenting empirical evidence of reanalysis to parallel earlier hypothesized reconstructions of antipassives to explain synchronic idiosyncrasies, Die folgende Untersuchung erörtert drei Beispiele einer Reanalyse von Antipassiven als oder in Richtung einer üblichen transitiven Konstruktion, und zwar in der tsesischen, der tschuktschischen und den mayanischen Sprachen. In allen Beispielen bleibt das Antipassiv in der jeweiligen Sprache bzw. der jeweiligen Sprachfamilie erhalten, was einen empirischen Beweis für die Reanalyse neben früher hypothetisch aufgestellten Rekonstruktionen des Antipassivs als Erklärung von synchronischen Eigenarten bietet.

The success of many clinical, association, or population genetics studies critically relies on properly performed variant calling step. The variety of modern genomics protocols, techniques, and platforms makes our choices of methods and algorithms difficult and there is no "one size fits all" solution for study design and data analysis. In this review, we discuss considerations that need to be taken into account while designing the study and preparing for the experiments. We outline the variety of variant types that can be detected using sequencing approaches and highlight some specific requirements and basic principles of their detection. Finally, we cover interesting developments that enable variant calling for a broad range of applications in the genomics field. We conclude by discussing technological and algorithmic advances that have the potential to change the ways of calling DNA variants in the nearest future.

Objective: This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcomes following the use of a lordotic cage in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).Material and Methods: All patients who underwent ACDF, at Vajira Hospital; between May 2017 and May 2020, were included in this study. Radiographic images were used to evaluate the device-level Cobb angle (DLCA), segmental Cobb angle (SCA), global Cobb angle (GCA), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), sagittal alignment (SA), and intervertebral disk height. The visual analog scale (VAS) for neck pain, and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score were reviewed as part of the patient’s medical records. Preoperative DLCA, SCA, GCA, SVA, SA, and intervertebral disk height measurements were compared with postoperative measurements at 1 year.Results: A total of 51 patients (88 disks), having undergone ACDF with lordotic cage insertion were included in this study. The initial curvature of the cervical spine was diagnosed as kyphosis in 30 (58.8%) patients, and as lordosis in 21 (41.2%) patients. There was significant improvement in the VAS, JOA, DLCA, SCA, GCA, SVA, SA, and intervertebral disk height after ACDF (p-value

The treatment of long-gap (>10 mm) peripheral nerve injury (PNI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) remains a continuous challenge due to limited native tissue regeneration capabilities. The current clinical strategy of using autografts for PNI suffers from a source shortage, while the pharmacological treatment for SCI presents dissatisfactory results. Tissue engineering, as an alternative, is a promising approach for regenerating peripheral nerves and spinal cords. Through providing a beneficial environment, a scaffold is the primary element in tissue engineering. In particular, scaffolds with anisotropic structures resembling the native extracellular matrix (ECM) can effectively guide neural outgrowth and reconnection. In this review, the anatomy of peripheral nerves and spinal cords, as well as current clinical treatments for PNI and SCI, is first summarized. An overview of the critical components in peripheral nerve and spinal cord tissue engineering and the current status of regeneration approaches are also discussed. Recent advances in the fabrication of anisotropic surface patterns, aligned fibrous substrates, and 3D hydrogel scaffolds, as well as their in vitro and in vivo effects are highlighted. Finally, we summarize potential mechanisms underlying the anisotropic architectures in orienting axonal and glial cell growth, along with their challenges and prospects., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • The anatomy of peripheral nerves and spinal cords, and their current clinical treatments are summarized. • Recent cutting-edge techniques for fabricating scaffolds with anisotropic features are highlighted. • The effects of anisotropic scaffolds on glial cell behaviors and axon reconnection and remyelination are discussed. • Potential mechanisms underlying the anisotropic architectures in orienting axonal and glial cell growth are reviewed.

PurposeThis paper aims to address an important theoretical shortcoming in the conceptualization of internal alignment by investigating the cognitive processes involved in aligning operations with strategy and the role of performance measurement (PM) in sustaining these processes.Design/methodology/approachA theory-building study investigates the process of using PM to drive the implementation of a new strategy in a large beer manufacturer in Italy. The study uses a sensemaking perspective to theorize the findings. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field observations and company documents.FindingsThis study develops a theoretical model suggesting that establishing and maintaining internal alignment occurs through seeking, assembling, adjusting and finalizing the meaning of how strategic priorities inform local action. PM plays a central role in this process by providing interpretive support.Research limitations/implicationsThis article advances a cognition-centred view of internal alignment that complements the behavioural aspect of the phenomenon emphasized in prior literature.Practical implicationsUsing PM for aligning operations with strategy is a complex and iterative process that requires time and effort and generates temporary stability. Managers may need to complement traditional approaches to alignment with providing space for sensemaking.Originality/valueThe paper proposes a view of internal alignment as an ongoing interpretive process that is sustained by PM. This process brings about the consistency of meanings that generates strategy-consistent behaviours.

Fungi, as eukaryotic organisms, contain two genomes, the mitochondrial genome and the nuclear genome, in their cells. How the two genomes evolve and correlate to each other is debated. Herein, taking the gourmet pine mushroom Tricholoma matsutake as an example, we performed comparative mitogenomic analysis using samples collected from diverse locations and compared the evolution of the two genomes. The T. matsutake mitogenome encodes 49 genes and is rich of repetitive and non-coding DNAs. Six genes were invaded by up to 11 group I introns, with one cox1 intron cox1P372 showing presence/absence dynamics among different samples. Bioinformatic analyses suggested limited or no evidence of mitochondrial heteroplasmy. Interestingly, hundreds of mitochondrial DNA fragments were found in the nuclear genome, with several larger than 500 nt confirmed by PCR assays and read count comparisons, indicating clear evidence of transfer of mitochondrial DNA into the nuclear genome. Nuclear DNA of T. matsutake showed a higher mutation rate than mitochondrial DNA. Furthermore, we found evidence of incongruence between phylogenetic trees derived from mitogenome and nuclear DNA sequences. Together, our results reveal the dynamic genome evolution of the gourmet pine mushroom.

Registration is a ubiquitous operation in visual computing and constitutes an important pre-processing step for operations such as 3Dobject reconstruction, retrieval and recognition. Particularly in cultural heritage (CH) applications, registration techniques are essential for the digitization and restoration pipelines. Cross-time registration is a special case where the objects to be registered are instances of the same object after undergoing processes such as erosion or restoration. Traditional registration techniques are inadequate to address this problem with the required high accuracy for detecting minute changes; some are extremely slow. A deep learning registration framework for cross-time registration is proposed which uses the DeepGMR network in combination with a novel down-sampling scheme for cross-time registration. A dataset especially designed for cross-time registration is presented (called ECHO) and an extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art methods is conducted for the challenging case of cross-time registration.

In dialogue, speakers process a great deal of information, take and give the floor to each other, and plan and adjust their contributions on the fly. Despite the level of coordination and control that it requires, dialogue is the easiest way speakers possess to come to similar conceptualizations of the world. In this paper, we show how speakers align with each other by mutually controlling the flow of the dialogue and constantly monitoring their own and their interlocutors' way of representing information. Through examples of conversation, we introduce the notions of shared control, meta-representations of alignment and commentaries on alignment, and show how they support mutual understanding and the collaborative creation of abstract concepts. Indeed, whereas speakers can share similar representations of concrete concepts just by mutually attending to a tangible referent or by recalling it, they are likely to need more negotiation and mutual monitoring to build similar representations of abstract concepts. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Concepts in interaction: social engagement and inner experiences’.

A fast-changing world has created a speed-obsessed society. In this development-seeking and innovation-driven environment, leaders and individuals must adopt more strategic leadership techniques in their work and duties. Global competition presents challenges and opportunities. Strategic leadership is a commercial and intellectual topic that is testing modern businesses. Absence of strategic leadership affects an organization's success and performance when facing economic issues. Strategic alignment requires a highly structured, cohesive, and synergetic organisation. Without communication or connectedness between departments, individuals, and teams, the company would certainly fail. Harvard Business School has studied alignment for over 30 years, and integrated organisations outperform their rivals financially. Organizational effectiveness from alignment techniques ensures competitive advantage. Strategy, teams, personnel, essential processes, and customers align to create growth and profits. Aligned firms would have happier customers and employees and perform better. Effective strategic leadership helps organisations perform in a volatile environment. Thus, strategic leadership level effects provide empirical data on organisational processes with strategic value. Understanding the leadership and alignment methods that drive organisational success would encourage organisations to take more action. This study will show the importance of leadership and alignment in high-performing firms. This study employed qualitative research to show the impact of strategic leadership and alignment on businesses.

International audience; For broadband quantum noise reduction of gravitational-wave detectors, a frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum field realized using a filter cavity is the most promising technique and will be implemented in Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo in the fourth observing run. To obtain the benefit of frequency-dependent squeezing, the length and alignment of the filter cavity with respect to the squeezed vacuum field must be accurately controlled. To this purpose, a new length and alignment control scheme for a filter cavity, using coherent control sidebands, was suggested [Phys. Rev. D 102, 042003 (2020)]. The coherent control sidebands are already used to control the squeezing angle in squeezed vacuum sources for gravitational-wave detectors. As both the squeezed vacuum field and coherent control sidebands have the same mode-matching conditions and almost the same frequency, the length and alignment of the filter cavity with respect to the squeezed vacuum field can be accurately controlled with this scheme. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate the new control scheme for a filter cavity with coherent control sidebands. In addition to the conventional filter cavity control with the green field, we succeed in controlling the length of a 300-m filter cavity with coherent control sidebands and reduce the filter cavity length noise (rms) from 6.8 to 2.1 pm.

Purpose Focal, patellar cartilage defects are a challenging problem as most cases have an underlying multifactorial pathogenesis. This systematic review of current literature analysed clinical results after regenerative cartilage repair of the patella with a special focus on the assessment and treatment of existing patellofemoral malalignment. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify articles reporting clinical results after cartilage regenerative surgeries of the patella using the PubMed and Scopus database. The extracted data included patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) and whether cartilage repair was performed alone or in combination with concomitant surgeries of underlying patellofemoral co-pathologies. In cases of isolated cartilage repair, specific exclusion criteria regarding underlying co-pathologies were screened. In cases of concomitant surgeries, the type of surgeries and their specific indications were extracted. Results A total of 35 original articles were included out of which 27 (77%) were cohort studies with level IV evidence. The most frequently used technique for cartilage restoration of the patella was autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). Results after isolated cartilage repair alone were reported by 15 (43%) studies. Of those studies, 9 (60%) excluded patients with underlying patellofemoral malalignment a priori and 6 (40%) did not analyse underlying co-pathologies at all. Among the studies including combined surgeries, the most frequently reported concomitant procedures were release of the lateral retinaculum, reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL), and osteotomy of the tibial tubercle. In summary, these studies showed lower preoperative PROMS but similar final PROMS in comparison with the studies reporting on isolated cartilage repair. The most frequently used PROMS were the IKDC-, Lysholm- and the Modified Cincinnati Score. Conclusion This comprehensive literature review demonstrated good clinical outcomes after patellar cartilage repair with no evidence of minor results even in complex cases with the need for additional patellofemoral realignment procedures. However, a meaningful statistical comparison between isolated patellar cartilage repair and combined co-procedures is not possible due to very heterogeneous patient cohorts and a lack of analysis of specific subgroups in recent literature. Level of evidence Level IV.

Despite significant investments in training, many organizations fail to implement IT Governance. This problem is known as theory-practice gap. Organizational Learning has been suggested as an approach to overcome this problem but there is still lack of understanding about how Organizational Learning applies to the context of IT Governance. Therefore, this exploratory study presents insights from a Delphi study that was conducted to identify and rank enablers and inhibitors of Organizational Learning in this context.

Non-finite forms constitute an important component of the verbal system of Indo-Aryan (IA) languages. On the one hand, some of them, such as e.g., converbs, have already received proper attention in historical linguistics and typological literature, with regard to Old Indo-Aryan (OIA), Middle Indo-Aryan (MIA) and New Indo-Aryan (NIA) (cf. Tikkanen 1987; Peterson 1998; Subbarao 2012 among others). Other forms, such as participles, have usually been analysed in the wider context of reorganisation of a finite verbal system which led to alignment change (for recent discussion see Dahl and Stroński 2016). On the other hand, adverbial participles or infinitives have so far been under-studied (cf. Sigorski 2005), particularly within early NIA. This period in the history of IA languages witnessed several important morphosyntactic developments and still requires in-depth study, particularly due to the lack of well-edited corpora. The aim of the present paper is to partly fill this gap by highlighting major trends in the development of constructions based on various non-finite forms in early NIA. We focus on main argument marking in converbal chain constructions and its interplay with the animacy hierarchy. We demonstrate a relative stability of differential case marking (DCM), focusing mainly on conditions on differential subject marking (DSM) and differential object marking (DOM). In addition, we compare converbal chain constructions with participial absolute constructions (AC). Finally, in order to give a holistic view of converbal constructions, we verify the type of linking instantiated by them, focusing on three scopal parameters in converbal constructions (Tense, Illocutionary Force and Negation) and using the apparatus of Role and Reference Grammar and Multivariate Analysis.

The aim of this study was to determine age-related changes and sex-specific differences in sagittal alignment, range of motion (ROM), and intervertebral disc height of the thoracolumbar spine in healthy subjects. Lateral neutral and flexion–extension radiographs of the thoracolumbar spine of 627 asymptomatic subjects (307 males and 320 females; average age, 49.6 ± 16.5 years) were evaluated. We included at least 50 males and 50 females in each decade of life between the 20s and the 70s. Intervertebral disc height from T10/T11 to L5/S1, local lordotic alignment, and ROM from T10–T11 to L5–S1 were measured. T10–L2 kyphosis and T12–S1 lordosis as well as flexion, extension, and total ROM were measured. T10–L2 kyphosis did not markedly change with age in subjects of either sex but a sudden increase was noted in the 70s females. T12–S1 lordosis increased with age in both sexes, except the 70s. Flexion, extension, and total ROM at T10–L2 and T12–S1 decreased with age in most subjects. The levels from L3–L4 to L5–S1 were conspicuous as mobile segments. Intervertebral disc height gradually increased from T10/T11 to L4/L5; the shortest was at T10/T11 and the longest at L3/L4 or L4/L5 in all subjects. Age-related decreases in intervertebral disc height were most prominent at L4/L5 in middle-aged and elderly individuals of both sexes. Normative values of sagittal alignment, ROM, and intervertebral disc height at each segmental level were established in both sexes and all age groups in healthy subjects.

Introduction Previous studies have reported differences in lumbopelvic alignment between standing and supine positions. Computed tomography (CT) images taken in the supine position are often used for clinical studies in addition to standing radiographs, although not frequently. Our study aims to clarify normative values of CT-evaluated lumbopelvic parameters and the characteristics of age- and gender-related lumbopelvic alignment in the supine position. Methods Patients undergoing CT scans of abdominal or lumbar regions for reasons other than low back disorders were included (n=581). Sagittal multiplanar reconstruction CT images were obtained, and lumbar lordosis (LL), L5-S1 angle, and sacral slope (SS) were measured. Mean values of the parameters in patients aged 59 years and under, 60-69, 70-79, and 80 and over, and in males and females, were calculated. Age- and gender-related differences in these parameters were statistically analyzed. Results Among the four age groups, patients 80 years and over showed significantly lower LL and SS than patients aged 70-79. Females 80 years and over showed significantly lower LL and SS than all other age groups, but those in males did not. The comparison between males and females showed no significant differences in LL and SS; however, the L5-S1 angle was significantly higher in males than in females. In patients 80 years and over, females showed significantly lower LL and SS than in males. Conclusions This study provides normative CT-evaluated lumbopelvic parameters, such as LL, L5-S1 angle, and SS, which will be utilized for comparisons in future studies. The present study first revealed that pelvic retroversion and lumbar kyphosis occur in elderly females in the supine position, which raised a possibility that age-related decrease of LL and SS in females occurs at an older age in the supine position than in the standing position.

Phage predation constitutes a major mortality factor for bacteria in aquatic ecosystems, and thus, directly impacts nutrient cycling and microbial community dynamics. Yet, the population dynamics of specific phages across time scales from days to months remain largely unexplored, which limits our understanding of their influence on microbial succession. To investigate temporal changes in diversity and abundance of phages infecting particular host strains, we isolated 121 phage strains that infected three bacterial hosts during a Baltic Sea mesocosm experiment. Genome analysis revealed a novel Flavobacterium phage genus harboring gene sets putatively coding for synthesis of modified nucleotides and glycosylation of bacterial cell surface components. Another novel phage genus revealed a microdiversity of phage species that was largely maintained during the experiment and across mesocosms amended with different nutrients. In contrast to the newly described Flavobacterium phages, phages isolated from a Rheinheimera strain were highly similar to previously isolated genotypes, pointing to genomic consistency in this population. In the mesocosm experiment, the investigated phages were mainly detected after a phytoplankton bloom peak. This concurred with recurrent detection of the phages in the Baltic Proper during summer months, suggesting an influence on the succession of heterotrophic bacteria associated with phytoplankton blooms.

Purpose Prostate patients with positive lymph node margins receive an initial course of 45 Gy to the planning target volume (PTV) comprised of prostate, seminal vesicles, and lymph nodes with a 1‐cm margin. The prostate is localized via implanted fiducial markers before each fraction is delivered using portal‐imaging. However, the pelvic lymph nodes are affixed to the bony anatomy and are not mobile in concert with the prostate. The aim of this study was to determine whether a significant difference in pelvic lymph node coverage exists between planned and delivered external beam therapy treatments for these patients. Methods The recorded prostate motions were gathered for 19 patients; conjointly the pelvic lymph node motions were determined by manual registration of the bony anatomy in the kV‐images. The difference between the prostate and the bony anatomy coordinates was input into Eclipse as field shifts to represent the deviation in planned vs delivered pelvic lymph node coverage. Results Structure volume at V(100) was recorded for each patient for two structures: summed pelvic lymph nodes (LN CTV) and pelvic lymph nodes +1 cm margin (LN PTV) to express their contribution to the PTV. For the LN PTV, the average difference between the planned coverage and calculated delivered coverage was 3.5%, with a paired t‐test value of P = 0.005. Based upon bony anatomy registration, 26% of patients received less than 95% dose coverage using V(100) criteria for LN PTV. Dose value differences between the two plans at minimum were 6.96 ± 6.23 Gy, at mean were 0.54 ± 0.40 Gy, and at maximum were 0.10 ± 0.29 Gy. For the LN CTV, the average difference between the planned coverage and calculated delivered coverage was 1%, with a paired t‐test value of P = 0.53. Conclusions The results indicate a significant difference exists between the planned coverage and calculated delivered coverage for the LN PTV. There was no significant difference found for the LN CTV. We conclude that lymph node motion must be considered with the prostate motion when aligning patients before each fraction.

The cultivation of systemness for enhanced equity, diversity and inclusivity at a mid-sized district school board in the province of Ontario is addressed. The development of shared mindsets regarding a small number of ambitious goals (system coherence) and the implementation of administrative processes such as policies, procedures, practices and protocols (system alignment) that support the optimization of the multi-year strategic plan may, at times, prove difficult to achieve, especially as it relates to bias awareness and critical consciousness, as well as ameliorated fairness and impartiality throughout the organization. Viewed constructively as an opportunity for organizational improvement towards enhanced equity, diversity and inclusivity, strategies to facilitate the elimination of all forms of discrimination and the removal of systemic barriers to learning are explored. A seven-step model for effective change management is utilized as the framework to lead the change process to address the lack of coherence and alignment between the key categories of the annual action plan for equity and anti-racism, and, the goal statements of the empowering equity priority of the multi-year strategic plan for the district. As a tool that utilizes a blend of face-to-face and digital interactions to collect, communicate, collaborate and create with colleagues, professional learning networks (PLNs) are the selected solution to address the problem of practice. PLNs are endorsed as an innovative, forward-thinking approach for knowledge mobilization and solution generation in public education (Briscoe et al., 2015; Trust et al., 2016; Whitby, 2013). Keywords: systemness, alignment, coherence, equity, diversity, inclusivity, professional learning networks

In a direction-giving task, we examine whether a high-level constraint—the task partners’ relative body alignment—influences spatial language use and task accuracy. In 32 pairs, task partners interacted in two conditions: for one route description, direction givers (DGs) and direction followers (DFs) sat side-by-side (aligned condition), and for another they sat opposite one another (counter-aligned condition). After each description, DFs drew the route on a map. When pairs were counter-aligned (vs. aligned), DGs increased their use of expressions from a survey perspective, using more frequently terms such as east-west. When counter-aligned, DFs also used more words per conversational turn, which was taken to reflect the increased difficulty of coordinating in that condition. Still, in terms of task performance, the accuracy of DFs’ drawings was unaffected by the partners’ body alignment or spatial language use it was only predicted by the DGs’ spatial ability. We argue that, because direction giving emphasizes accuracy, task partners invest in strategies that contribute to mutual understanding (e.g., recaps of the route by the DF at the end, evidenced by shifts in language use over time). Thus, body alignment in direction giving impacts coordination difficulty and spatial language use, but it does not singularly influence task performance. 57 2 99 121

In conversations, speakers align with each other at several linguistic levels. Speakers mimic the way their conversational partners choose, combine and utter words. Moreover, speakers eventually converge to similar conceptualisations, reaching a common understanding of the situation under discussion (Garrod & Pickering, 2004). Why and how do speakers align with each other? Different explanations have been proposed. Whereas unmediated accounts explain alignment in terms of priming, mediated accounts explain alignment in terms of strategic choices employed to enhance mutual comprehension (Branigan et al., 2011) or to regulate social distance (Van Baaren et al., 2003). The two types of mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, indeed it is reasonable to think that priming effects might be modulated by strategic choices, when necessary. Lexical alignment, which, at a behavioural level, manifests itself as the repetition of each other’s words, is a suitable field to study how strategic and automatic mechanisms may interact (e.g. Branigan et al., 2011; Suffill et al., 2021). Sociolinguistic studies suggest that social status, community membership and power dynamics might influence linguistic alignment (Dragojevic et al., 2016). More specifically, alignment may be seen as an attempt to reduce social distance, by increasing social affiliation. Moreover, observational studies suggest that speakers tend to align more to higher status partners (Aronsson et al., 1987; Gregory & Webster, 1996). However, it is not clear whether such tendency can be attested in experimental settings and whether it also concerns lexical alignment. Admittedly, experimental settings - simplified and controlled approximations of real-life dialogues - might indeed reduce the impact of social information on lexical production. Social information might modulate speakers’ tendency to align only when speakers draw their attention to it, as when the context requires to take partner-specific information into account (Pickering & Garrod, 2004). In our present study, we adopt a widely used experimental paradigm that allows measuring lexical alignment in different conditions (Tobar-Henríquez et al., 2019). In an online experiment, we ask participants to match and name some objects following their partner's directions, which consist of a referring expression for each object. We operationalise lexical alignment as the participants' tendency to repeat low frequency referring expressions previously used by their conversational partner. In fact, participants don't play with human partners, but with a bot. Participants play two sessions of the same task with two different partners (in fact, the same bot) and stimuli. Before each session, we ask participants to provide a written description and a picture of themselves, and we provide them with a written description and a picture of their partner. We carefully created the descriptions by combining information about education level, job and hobbies to produce high and low-status fictitious partners. We investigate whether partners' social status modulate participants' tendency to align at a lexical level. Moreover, by asking the participants to rate the social status of their partner before or at the end of the task, we investigate to what extent the attention paid to such social information influences lexical alignment.

The home environment is a particularly significant environment that satisfies inhabitants’ needs, forms their identity and contributes to psychological well-being. The construct of home attachment is especially relevant for students as a most mobile social group. This study is devoted to the validation of the Short Home Attachment Scale (SHAS) in a student sample from five countries (Armenia, India, Indonesia, Russia, and Ukraine). A total of 1,349 (17–26 years; Mage = 19.82, SDage = 2.14; 78% females) university students participated in the study and filled in the Home Attachment Scale (HAS) including 14 items. In order to avoid redundant items with high error covariances, which damaged the model fit, 7 items were eliminated; a new scale — the Short Home Attachment Scale (SHAS) was developed. The shortened scale has shown satisfactory structure validity in terms of model fit in all countries except Indonesia; internal reliability values were acceptable in all countries. Measurement invariance across countries was tested with multi-group confirmatory factor analysis and alignment analysis. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis confirmed both configurational and metric invariance. The invariance of item factor loadings as well as item intercepts was also confirmed by the alignment analysis. The mean scores varied across cultures, with the highest in India and the lowest in Russia. The final version of SHAS is a valid, reliable tool that may be recommended for use in cross-cultural research. However, the robustness of the SHAS factor structure in Indonesian population should be investigated more thoroughly.

Data associated with NovoGraph https://github.com/NCBI-Hackathons/NovoGraph

AMOS with EIE as main subcontractor has recently completed the erection of the 4 m telescope located at the Turkish Eastern Anatolia Observatory (DAG) set up by the Ataturk University Astrophysics Research and Application Centre (ATASAM) of Erzurum. The telescope design is based on a Ritchey-Chrétien configuration with two folded Nasmyth focal planes and a focal length of 56m. The optical train is composed of three mirrors: the primary mirror (M1) with an optical aperture of 4m, a convex secondary mirror (M2), and a large flat folding mirror (M3). Diffraction-limited performances in optical and near infrared spectral bands will be achieved thanks to the combination of active and adaptive optics systems. The active optics system is controlling the shape of the primary mirror by means of 66 axial force actuators and position actively the secondary and tertiary mirrors by means of hexapods. The adaptive optics system will be implemented at one of the two Nasmyth ports. As main contractor, AMOS is in charge of the overall project management, the system engineering, the optical design and the active optics development. As main sub-contractor and partner of AMOS, EIE is in charge of the development of the mount. Following the factory acceptance in Europe, the telescope was dismounted and delivered in early 2021. The activities onsite were carried out according to the assembly, integration and verification plan (AIV plan). In the meantime, the fabrication of the 4 m primary mirror was completed, and the full set of mirrors was forwarded on-site before the end of the year 2021. In this paper is presented a brief description of the design and performances of the telescope followed by the project progress status at the time the optics are being integrated in the telescope for the first time. This includes the review of the mirrors as-built quality and the excepted performances of the telescope mount after alignment and tuning. The path forward final acceptance is explained with the presentation of the optical alignment method and the test carried-out on-sky. The Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) WOS:000865326800108

The aim of this study is to contribute knowledge on the implementation of a new multimodal choreography-informed method, Choreopattern, which was developed for participatory educational design. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of Choreopattern applied in a teacher education workshop on curriculum design with participants from the dance education and teacher education sectors. We shed light on the interactions that arise when Choreopattern is implemented in a workshop and how the method provides infrastructure for the configuration of genuine participation in a Thing, a sociomaterial assembly in which participants align around a shared object of concern—that is, the course content and form of a teacher education program. Drawing on choreography, we provide an extended understanding of alignment in a Thing that involves spatial, mental and emotional alignment, presenting Choreopattern as a design method that equally values emotions and rationality.

Akkermansia muciniphila is a champion of mucin degradation in the human gastrointestinal tract. Here, we report the isolation of six novel strains from healthy human donors and their genomic, proteomic and physiological characterization in comparison to the type-strains A. muciniphila Muc and A. glycaniphila Pyt. Complete genome sequencing revealed that, despite their large genomic similarity (>97.6%), the novel isolates clustered into two distinct subspecies of A. muciniphila: Amuc1, which includes the type-strain Muc, and AmucU, a cluster of unassigned strains that have not yet been well characterized. CRISPR analysis showed all strains to be unique and confirmed that single healthy subjects can carry more than one A. muciniphila strain. Mucin degradation pathways were strongly conserved amongst all isolates, illustrating the exemplary niche adaptation of A. muciniphila to the mucin interface. This was confirmed by analysis of the predicted glycoside hydrolase profiles and supported by comparing the proteomes of A. muciniphila strain H2, belonging to the AmucU cluster, to Muc and A. glycaniphila Pyt (including 610 and 727 proteins, respectively). While some intrinsic resistance was observed among the A. muciniphila straind, none of these seem to pose strain-specific risks in terms of their antibiotic resistance patterns nor a significant risk for the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance determinants, opening the way to apply the type-strain Muc or these new A. muciniphila strains as next generation beneficial microbes., M-SHIME operation was supported by UGent project BOF12-GOA-008. JPO and CB were funded by the ERC Advanced Grand 250172—Microbes Inside awarded to WMdV. The antibiotic testing was partly supported by A-mansia Biotech SA. Further work atWageningen University by JE and HPLT was supported by the Spinoza Award and SIAM Gravity Grant 024.002.002 of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) of WMdV. PDC is research director at FRS-FNRS (Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique) and recipient of grants from FNRS (FRFS-WELBIO: WELBIO-CR-2022A-02).

Cell cycle regulation is crucial for all living organisms and is often targeted by viruses to facilitate their own propagation, yet cell cycle progression control is largely underexplored in archaea. In this work, we reveal a cell cycle regulator (aCcr1) carrying a ribbon-helix-helix (RHH) domain and ubiquitous in the Thermoproteota of the order Sulfolobales and their viruses. Overexpression of several aCcr1 members including gp21 of rudivirus SIRV2 and its host homolog SiL_0190 of Saccharolobus islandicus LAL14/1 results in impairment of cell division, evidenced by growth retardation, cell enlargement and an increase in cellular DNA content. Additionally, both gp21 and SiL_0190 can bind to the motif AGTATTA conserved in the promoter of several genes involved in cell division, DNA replication and cellular metabolism thereby repressing or inducing their transcription. Our results suggest that aCcr1 silences cell division and drives progression to the S-phase in Sulfolobales, a function exploited by viruses to facilitate viral propagation. Cell cycle regulation is crucial for all living organisms and is often targeted by viruses to facilitate their own propagation, yet cell cycle progression control is largely underexplored in archaea. In this work, we reveal a cell cycle regulator (aCcr1) carrying a ribbon-helix-helix (RHH) domain and ubiquitous in the Thermoproteota of the order Sulfolobales and their viruses. Overexpression of several aCcr1 members including gp21 of rudivirus SIRV2 and its host homolog SiL_0190 of Saccharolobus islandicus LAL14/1 results in impairment of cell division, evidenced by growth retardation, cell enlargement and an increase in cellular DNA content. Additionally, both gp21 and SiL_0190 can bind to the motif AGTATTA conserved in the promoter of several genes involved in cell division, DNA replication and cellular metabolism thereby repressing or inducing their transcription. Our results suggest that aCcr1 silences cell division and drives progression to the S-phase in Sulfolobales, a function exploited by viruses to facilitate viral propagation.