44 results on '"Bilal-Ul-Amin"'
Search Results
2. Eco-friendly biodegradable polyurethane based coating for antibacterial and antifouling performance
- Author
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Abid Ali, Bilal Ul Amin, Wenwu Yu, Taijiang Gui, Weiwei Cong, Kai Zhang, Zheming Tong, Jiankun Hu, Xiaoli Zhan, and Qinghua Zhang
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Environmental Engineering ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2023
3. Studies on the Synthesis and Drug Release Behavior of Cross-Linked Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-fluorescein) Microspheres
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Sahid Mehmood, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Jian Hu, Md Alim Uddin, Bilal Ul Amin, Fazal Haq, Shah Fahad, Muhammad Haroon, Di Shen, and Jinming Xu
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Environmental Engineering ,Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry - Published
- 2022
4. Cross-Linked Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-phloretin) Microspheres and Their Application for Controlled Drug Delivery
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Sahid Mehmood, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Md Alim Uddin, Bilal Ul Amin, Fazal Haq, Shah Fahad, and Muhammad Haroon
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Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry - Published
- 2022
5. Study on Synthesis, Burning Rate Catalytic and Anti-migration Properties of Ferrocene-Based Furan and Triazole Derivatives
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Bilal Ul Amin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Shah Fahad, Ahsan Nazir, Fazal Haq, Sahid Mehmood, Md Alim Uddin, Ruixue Liang, Jinyi Liu, Xuefei Li, and Lei Ding
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General Chemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2022
6. Preparation of size-controlled poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-resveratrol) microspheres and their properties as drug delivery carriers
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Sahid Mehmood, Md Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Bilal Ul Amin, Fazal Haq, Shah Fahad, and Muhammad Haroon
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Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry - Published
- 2022
7. Study on synthesis of cross-linked poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-luteolin) nanospheres and their properties for controlled drug delivery
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Sahid Mehmood, Md Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Bilal Ul Amin, Fazal Haq, Shah Fahad, and Muhammad Haroon
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Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Polymers and Plastics ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Published
- 2022
8. Synthesis of succinylated carboxymethyl starches and their role as adsorbents for the removal of phenol
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Lison Teng, Muhammad Haroon, Shah Fahad, Di Shen, Li Wang, Bilal-Ul-Amin, Alim Uddin, Sahid Mehmood, Fazal Haq, and Haojie Yu
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Thermogravimetric analysis ,Polymers and Plastics ,Succinic anhydride ,Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallinity ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,health services administration ,Pyridine ,Materials Chemistry ,Proton NMR ,Phenol ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,health care economics and organizations ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Phenol is the toxicant present in cigarette smoke that causes pulmonary diseases, eyes infection, and even various kinds of cancer. So, in this research, an attempt was done to prepare a suitable absorbent to remove phenol from cigarette smoke. A novel bio-based adsorbent succinylated carboxymethyl starch (S-CMS) was prepared by reacting carboxymethyl starch (CMS) with succinic anhydride (SA) in the presenting of N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent and pyridine. The structure of the S-CMS was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques including proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared. The S-CMS crystallinity and thermal properties were checked by x-ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed a decrease in thermal properties and crystallinity for S-CMS. The S-CMS were tested as adsorbents for the removal of phenol. The adsorption efficiencies of CMS, S-CMS1, S-CMS2, and S-CMS3 towards phenol were shown to be 0.297 g/g, 0.321 g/g, 0.322 g/g, and 0.324 g/g, respectively.
- Published
- 2021
9. Microneedle Patch Prepared from a Hydrogel by a Mild Method for Insulin Delivery
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Xiang Chen, Jingyi Feng, Wei Xiong, Bilal Ul Amin, Di Shen, Li Wang, Qian Zhang, and Haojie Yu
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Biomaterials ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Diabetes mellitus ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Insulin delivery ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2021
10. Polypyrrole nanotube/ferrocene-modified graphene oxide composites: From fabrication to EMI shielding application
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Tengfei Lin, Shah Fahad, Sergey Z. Vatsadze, Alim Uddin, Zhikun Huang, Bilal Ul Amin, Xiaowei Liu, Li Wang, Yun Wang, Haojie Yu, and Shuning Ren
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Nanotube ,Materials science ,Graphene ,Mechanical Engineering ,Composite number ,Oxide ,Polypyrrole ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,law ,Electromagnetic shielding ,symbols ,General Materials Science ,Composite material ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Raman spectroscopy - Abstract
Polypyrrole nanotube/ferrocene-modified graphene oxide composites (PNT/GO-Fc, PNT/GO-Fc-GO, PNT/GO-EDA-Fc and PNT/GO-EDA-Fc-EDA-GO) were fabricated via in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The prepared composites were characterized by FTIR, XRD, XPS, Raman, TGA, SEM, TEM and EDS. The electromagnetic interference shielding performance of the prepared composites was evaluated by a coaxial method within the frequency range of 1.0–4.5 GHz. The results demonstrated that the composite of PNT/GO-EDA-Fc-EDA-GO-7:1 exhibited the best electromagnetic interference shielding property with 28.73 dB (at the frequency of 1.0175 GHz with the thickness of 3.0 mm) of total shielding effectiveness by adding 50 wt% of the composite in the paraffin matrix. And the composite of PNT/GO-EDA-Fc-EDA-GO-7:1 exhibited good conductivity with a value of 1.320 S/cm. The relationship between the conductivities of prepared samples and the EMI shielding performance was investigated.
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- 2021
11. One‐Pot Synthesis of Size‐Controlled Poly(cyclotriphosphazene‐ co ‐hesperetin) Microspheres and Their Properties as Drug Delivery Carriers
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Sahid Mehmood, Md Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Bilal Ul Amin, Fazal Haq, Shah Fahad, and Muhammad Haroon
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General Chemistry - Published
- 2022
12. Advances in the Synthesis of Polyolefin Elastomers with 'Chain-walking' Catalysts and Electron Spin Resonance Research of Related Catalytic Systems
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Bilal Ul Amin, Zhu Lei, Yu Haojie, Xing Yusheng, and Wang Li
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,law ,Chain walking ,Organic Chemistry ,Elastomer ,Electron paramagnetic resonance ,Polyolefin ,Catalysis ,law.invention - Abstract
In recent years, polyolefin elastomers play an increasingly important role in industry. The late transition metal complex catalysts, especially α-diimine Ni(II) and α-diimine Pd(II) complex catalysts, are popular “chain-walking” catalysts. They can prepare polyolefin with various structures, ranging from linear configuration to highly branched configuration. Combining the “chain-walking” characteristic with different polymerization strategies, polyolefins with good elasticity can be obtained. Among them, olefin copolymer is a common way to produce polyolefin elastomers. For instance, strictly defined diblock or triblock copolymers with excellent elastic properties were synthesized by adding ethylene and α-olefin in sequence. As well as the incorporation of polar monomers may lead to some unexpected improvement. Chain shuttling polymerization can generate multiblock copolymers in one pot due to the interaction of the catalysts with chain shuttling agent. Furthermore, when regarding ethylene as the sole feedstock, owing to the “oscillation” of the ligands of the asymmetric catalysts, polymers with stereo-block structures can be generated. Generally, the elasticity of these polyolefins mainly comes from the alternately crystallineamorphous block structures, which is closely related to the characteristic of the catalytic system. To improve performance of the catalysts and develop excellent polyolefin elastomers, research on the catalytic mechanism is of great significance. Electron spin resonance (ESR), as a precise method to detect unpaired electron, can be applied to study transition metal active center. Therefore, the progress on the exploration of the valence and the proposed configuration of catalyst active center in the catalytic process by ESR is also reviewed.
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- 2021
13. Synthesis of poly(2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl ferrocene carboxylate-co-glycidyl methacrylic acid)s and their anti-migration and burning rate catalytic properties
- Author
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Li Wang, Kaleem-ur-Rehman Naveed, Bilal Ul Amin, Tarig Elshaarani, Ahsan Nazir, Amin Khan, Haojie Yu, Muhammad Usman, Shah Fahad, and Salam J.J. Titinchi
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Thermal decomposition ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Ammonium perchlorate ,01 natural sciences ,010406 physical chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Thermogravimetry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Methacrylic acid ,chemistry ,Ferrocene ,Carboxylate ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Cyclic voltammetry ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Ferrocene (Fc)-based polymers have promising application in burning rate catalysts (BRCs) for solid composite propellants, and some of them have already been practically used. However, they have some drawbacks such as high migration during a long-time storage. Copolymers of poly(2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl ferrocene carboxylate-co-glycidyl methacrylic acid)s (P(FHEMA-co-GMA)s) were synthesized to overcome the migration problem of Fc-based BRCs as well as to boost the burning rate (BR) of ammonium perchlorate (AP)-based propellants. The structures of the obtained P(FHEMA-co-GMA)s were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) method was used to study their electrochemical behavior, and the P(FHEMA-co-GMA)s showed redox behavior for the existence of the Fc units. Because of the formation of integrated network structures, the P(FHEMA-co-GMA)s have good anti-migration performances. The BR catalytic property of P(FHEMA-co-GMA)s were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential thermogravimetry (DTG). They showed competent catalytic effects on the thermal decomposition of AP.
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- 2021
14. Multiple-stimuli-responsiveness and conformational inversion of smart supramolecular nanoparticles assembled from spin labeled amphiphilic random copolymers
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Xiang Chen, Ahsan Nazir, Fazal Haq, Tengfei Lin, Haojie Yu, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Sahid Mehmood, Bilal Ul Amin, Zhipeng Ni, Alim Uddin, and Li Wang
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Materials science ,Supramolecular chemistry ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Nanomaterials ,law.invention ,Biomaterials ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,chemistry ,law ,Amphiphile ,Self-assembly ,Cyclic voltammetry ,0210 nano-technology ,Electron paramagnetic resonance - Abstract
Hypothesis Organic radical polymers with tailored pendant functionalities have emerged as exciting and promising materials for their application versatility. Moreover, eco-friendly polymer-based organic nanomaterials with redox-active pendant side groups can replace the harmful heavy metal-based inorganic materials. On the other hand, self-assembled nanomaterials are of great interest and attracted more attention recently for their promising application in different advanced fields, but it is yet challenging to predict suitable hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) for stimuli-responsive random copolymers assembly due to structural irregularity. Among several experimental techniques, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy plays a unique and promising role in revealing structural and dynamic information of nanostructured radical containing materials. Experiments In this study, a series of spin labeled amphiphilic random copolymers poly(methyl methacrylate-co-acrylic acid) have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis spectroscopies, TGA, DSC and water contact angle (CA) techniques. Their electrochemical properties have been determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in different organic solvents. EPR spectroscopy has been applied with other analytical techniques to elucidate the smart supramolecular nanoparticles (SNPs) formation, stimuli-responsiveness and structural changes through the dynamics of different molecular interactions. Findings The structural and dynamic information of self-assembled nanoparticles have been observed to be dependent on multiple-stimuli-responsiveness in different microenvironments by applying physiological and chemical parameters such as the different concentration of radicals, pH, temperature, nature of the solvent and reducing agent. The obtained results reveal the knowledge to understand insight into the mechanism for the formation of stimuli-responsive colloidal nanoparticles assembled from amphiphilic random copolymers with apt HLB value. The CV results reveal that the charge transfer process of the nanoparticles in solution was diffusion regulated and depended on the accessibility of radicals. The radical (spin labeled) polymers offer a broad way to develop stimuli-responsive materials in various colloidal nanostructures by changing the microenvironment, appreciating their potential advanced applications in electronic devices, catalysis, stimuli-triggered drug/gene delivery and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger.
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- 2021
15. Synthesis of AgNWs Using High Molecular Weight PVP As a Capping Agent and Their Application in Conductive Thin Films
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Li Wang, Tengfei Lin, Fazal Haq, Muhammad Usman, Yusheng Xing, Sahid Mehmood, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Shah Fahad, Haojie Yu, Yang Wang, Rizwan Ullah Khan, and Bilal Ul Amin
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Polyvinylpyrrolidone ,Nanoparticle ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Chemical engineering ,0103 physical sciences ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Thin film ,Selected area diffraction ,0210 nano-technology ,High-resolution transmission electron microscopy ,Electrical conductor ,Single crystal ,Sheet resistance ,medicine.drug - Abstract
High molecular weight polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and seeding conditions are considered to have important roles in the synthesis of AgNWs. In this work, we report a versatile synthesis of AgNWs in a salt-free environment and under Ar inert atmosphere using high molecular weight PVP and seeding step during the synthetic process. The high molecular weight PVP was found to efficiently promote the preparation of AgNWs via supporting the proper growth control of AgNWs on {111} facets and selective growth on {100} facets. The seeding step facilitates the formation of seeds such as multiple twinned nanoparticles (MTPs) and single crystal seeds, which promoted the feasible formation of AgNWs. The shape and size of the synthesized AgNWs were characterized by SEM and TEM. The crystalline nature of the synthesized AgNWs was characterized by HRTEM, SAED and XRD, and their LSPR peaks were confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The conductive properties of the synthesized AgNWs were determined by preparing their thin conductive film on a PET substrate. The prepared AgNWs thin films exhibited good sheet resistance.
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- 2021
16. Triple and Two-Way Reversible Shape Memory Polymer Networks with Body Temperature and Water Responsiveness
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Li Wang, Di Shen, Nan Wang, Junchao Fu, Haojie Yu, Yusheng Xing, Bilal Ul Amin, Zhipeng Ni, and Ruixue Liang
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Class (computer programming) ,Shape-memory polymer ,Materials science ,General Chemical Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0210 nano-technology ,Topology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences - Abstract
Shape memory polymers (SMPs), as a class of intelligent materials, have shown great potential in biomedical and robotic fields. Although efforts have been made to design and fabricate SMPs in the p...
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- 2021
17. Synthesis of Succinylated Starches and Their Application as Adsorbents for the Removal of Phenol
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Li Wang, Md. Alim Uddin, Muhammad Haroon, Shah Fahad, Sahid Mehmood, Bilal-Ul-Amin, Haojie Yu, Fazal Haq, Di Shen, and Yang Wang
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Thermogravimetric analysis ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Starch ,Succinic anhydride ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Crystallinity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Succinylation ,020401 chemical engineering ,chemistry ,Differential thermal analysis ,Materials Chemistry ,Phenol ,Thermal stability ,0204 chemical engineering ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Succinylated starches (SS) were prepared by the reaction of normal starch (NS) and porous starch (PS) with succinic anhydride (SA) in the presence of DMF solvent and base pyridine, respectively. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared were used to confirm the successful synthesis of the SS (SS1, SS2, SS3 and SS4, respectively). The X-ray diffractometer XPert PRO (Cu Kα, λ = 1.54 A) was used to study the crystallinity of NS, PS and SS. The XRD analysis showed that the SS exhibited amorphous nature after succinylation. Thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis of NS, PS and SS showed that succinylation decreased the thermal stability. The morphology of the NS, PS and SS was studied by SEM. These SS were used as adsorbents for phenol removal. The adsorption efficiencies for phenol by NS, SS1, SS2, SS3 and SS4 were found to be 0.084 g/g, 0.165 g/g, 0.173 g/g, 0.183 g/g and 0.189 g/g, respectively.
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- 2021
18. A review of recent advances in the preparation of polyaniline-based composites and their electromagnetic absorption properties
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Bilal Ul Amin, Ahsan Nazir, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Amin Khan, Tengfei Lin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Fazal Haq, and Shah Fahad
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Materials science ,Electromagnetic absorption ,020502 materials ,Mechanical Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0205 materials engineering ,chemistry ,Mechanics of Materials ,Magnet ,Polyaniline ,General Materials Science ,Environmental stability ,Electronics ,Composite material ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Carbon ,Microwave - Abstract
The development of telecommunication instruments and electronic devices caused a number of subtle electromagnetic radiations, which have adverse effects on the equipment and especially the health of humans. To date, in order to reduce the harmful radiations, considerable attention has been given to the microwave absorbers due to their several attributes, such as cost-effectiveness, environmental stability and lightweight. Given that polyaniline possesses all above-mentioned properties, in this review, we mainly focus on preparation methods and application of polyaniline-based composites as microwave absorbers, including polyaniline/carbon material composites, polyaniline/magnetic material composites and polyaniline/carbon material/magnetic material composites, and the mechanisms of electromagnetic (EM) wave dissipation have also been discussed. The polyaniline-based composites are more efficient for microwave absorption due to their unique properties; therefore, they could be considered as good materials for microwave absorbers to hinder the EM radiations.
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- 2021
19. Synthesis and Anti-migration Studies of Ferrocene-Based Amides as Burning Rate Catalysts
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Alim Uddin, Fazal Haq, Li Wang, Shah Fahad, Di Shen, Haojie Yu, Ahsan Nazir, Ruixue Liang, Bilal Ul Amin, and Sahid Mahmood
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Polymers and Plastics ,Thermal decomposition ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Ammonium perchlorate ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Thermogravimetry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Ferrocene ,Materials Chemistry ,Thermal stability ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Cyclic voltammetry ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
To overcome the migration problems of burning rate catalysts (BRCs), ferrocene-based amide compounds (AM-Fcs) were synthesized. The successful synthesis of AM-Fcs were confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electrochemistry behaviors of AM-Fcs were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The CV experimental results indicated that these AM-Fcs showed good electrochemical performances, which were contributable to their burning rate (BR) catalytic activity in composite solid propellants. The anti-migration test of AM-Fcs verified significantly slower migration than ferrocene and the most commonly used BRCs catocene. Thermal stability and BR catalytic impact of AM-Fcs on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were studied by thermogravimetry and differential thermogravimetry. These AM-Fcs revealed good catalytic behaviors on the thermal degradation of AP.
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- 2021
20. Synthesis of Ferrocene‐based Esters as Burning Rate Catalysts and their Anti‐migration Study
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Tarig Elshaarani, Shah Fahad, Bilal Ul Amin, Ahsan Nazir, Fazal Haq, Li Wang, Alim Uddin, Sahid Mahmood, Haojie Yu, and Di Shen
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Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ferrocene ,chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2020
21. Preparation of poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-piperazine) nanospheres and their drug release behavior
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Shah Fahad, Zhipeng Ni, Bilal-ul Amin, Haojie Yu, Fazal Haq, Sahid Mehmood, Di Shen, Alim Uddin, Muhammad Haroon, and Li Wang
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010407 polymers ,Piperazine ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Polymers and Plastics ,chemistry ,General Chemical Engineering ,Drug release ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study, poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-piperazine) p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres were prepared. The successful preparation of the p(HCCP-co-PIP) nanospheres was confirmed by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, XRD, ...
- Published
- 2020
22. Recent progress in <scp>EPR</scp> study of spin labeled polymers and spin probed polymer systems
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Bilal Ul Amin, Sahid Mehmood, Yusheng Xing, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Fazal Haq, Li Wang, Di Shen, and Ahsan Nazir
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,chemistry ,law ,Materials Chemistry ,Polymer ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Spin (physics) ,Electron paramagnetic resonance ,Spin labeled ,law.invention - Published
- 2020
23. Electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness of ferrocene‐based polyimidazole/carbon material composites
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Amin Khan, Bilal Ul Amin, Li Wang, Alim Uddin, Muhammad Usman, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Jinhua Liu, Ahsan Nazir, Haojie Yu, Songbiao Li, and Tarig Elshaarani
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Ferrocene ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Ceramics and Composites ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Electromagnetic interference shielding ,General Chemistry ,Composite material ,Carbon - Published
- 2020
24. Synthesis of corrugated surface AgNWs and their applications in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
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Fazal Haq, Li Wang, Muhammad Usman, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Shah Fahad, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Haojie Yu, Zheping Ni, Bilal Ul Amin, Tarig Elshaarani, Sahid Mehmood, and Yang Wang
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Materials science ,Aqueous solution ,Reducing agent ,General Chemistry ,Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Isotropic etching ,Rhodamine 6G ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,symbols.namesake ,Silver nitrate ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,symbols ,General Materials Science ,Raman spectroscopy ,Ethylene glycol - Abstract
Among metals, AgNWs are considered to be excellent materials for use in surface enhancement Raman spectroscopic (SERS) sensing due to their superior electrical properties, strong electromagnetic field generation and strong enhancement intensity. Herein, we used a simple conventional polyol method to synthesize AgNWs feasibly in 40 min under Ar inert atmosphere without using any inorganic salts; only high molecular weight PVP was used as a capping and growth controlling agent, while ethylene glycol was used as a solvent as well as a reducing agent and silver nitrate was used as a Ag source. The polyol-synthesized smooth surface AgNWs were then subjected to chemical etching using aqueous ammonia and 30% hydrogen peroxide as etchant materials, and corrugated surface AgNWs were successfully prepared. The as-synthesized corrugated surface AgNWs were used as surface enhancement materials to increase the intensity of Raman signals, and the surface enhancement properties of the corrugated surface AgNWs were studied using rhodamine 6G as a probe molecule via SERS sensing. The results showed that the AgNWs were successfully prepared in 40 min of reaction; also, corrugated surface AgNWs were prepared, and their corrugated surfaces resulted in high intensity SERS signals.
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- 2020
25. Dynamics in Controllable Stimuli-Responsive Self-Assembly of Polymer Vesicles with Stable Radical Functionality
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Md Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Bilal Ul Amin, Sahid Mehmood, Ruixue Liang, Fazal Haq, Jian Hu, and Jinming Xu
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General Materials Science - Abstract
Self-assembled polymer vesicles have emerged as exciting and promising materials for their potential application in drug delivery, but the dynamics of stimuli-responsive polymers in these areas with pendant functionality in order to understand the structure-property relationship under different physicochemical conditions is still open to discussion. In this work, nitroxide radical-containing copolymers were synthesized and utilized to investigate local dynamics in their vesicular assemblies. Herein, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was applied to reveal the smart supramolecular vesicular structure and polymer chain dynamics in stimuli-responsive controlled assemblies by considering molecular-level interactions. These interactions and dynamics were dependent on the microenvironment of the assemblies, which might be affected by physicochemical parameters such as radical concentration, pH, redox agent, polarity, and viscosity. These observations help to accomplish quantitative insights into the stimuli-responsive colloidal vesicular assemblies. The vesicles were used as an anticancer drug carrier, which showed high drug loading efficiency (63.65%). The reduction-responsive prompt disassembly accelerated the release. Furthermore, the biocompatibility and anticancer activity were examined by cellular experiments against normal fibroblasts (L929) and human cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines, respectively. The results demonstrate that this effort provides an easy strategy for designing controllable stimuli-responsive polymer nanosystems which promotes their promising application in cancer treatment.
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- 2021
26. A review on synthesis of Fe-based compounds and their properties as the burning rate catalysts for propellants
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Jinyi Liu, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Sergey Z. Vatsadze, Zhikun Huang, and Bilal Ul Amin
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Biochemistry - Published
- 2022
27. Electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of polymer/carbon composites
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Li Wang, Shah Fahad, Tarig Elshaarani, Muhammad Usman, Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed, Ahsan Nazir, Amin Khan, Bilal Ul Amin, Tengfei Lin, Haojie Yu, and Fazal Haq
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010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Graphene ,Composite number ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Carbon nanotube ,Carbon black ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,chemistry ,law ,Paraffin wax ,0103 physical sciences ,Electromagnetic shielding ,Thermal stability ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Composite material ,Carbon - Abstract
Ferrocene-based polythiophene (PT) composites containing different carbon fillers like multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and carbon black (CB) were prepared through in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The prepared PT composites were characterized by employing SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS techniques. The thermal stability of the PT composites was investigated by TG analysis. It was found that the thermal stability of PT composites was highly improved as compared with pure PT. The electrical conductivity of the composites was measured by a typical four-probe method. Electrical conductivity measurements indicated that the PT composites showed excellent electrical conductivity. Electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of the composites was measured by using coaxial method in the frequency range of 1–4.5 GHz. The total shielding effectiveness (SET) achieved for PT composites along with MWCNT, RGO and CB was − 24 dB, − 11.27 dB, and − 10.46 dB at 50 wt% composite sample loading in the paraffin wax matrix, respectively. Therefore, the PT-MWCNT composite can be used for the EMI shielding applications.
- Published
- 2019
28. Synthesis of silver nanowires with controlled diameter and their conductive thin films
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Tarig Elshaarani, Shah Fahad, Haojie Yu, Sahid Mehmood, Li Wang, Bilal Ul Amin, Amin Khan, Raja Summe Ullah, Ahsan Nazir, and Kaleem-ur-Rahman Naveed
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Spin coating ,Materials science ,Scanning electron microscope ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Silver nitrate ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Transmission electron microscopy ,0103 physical sciences ,Polyethylene terephthalate ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Selected area diffraction ,Thin film ,High-resolution transmission electron microscopy - Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with high uniformity and controlled morphology were synthesized by employing silver nitrate as precursor and ethylene glycol as reducing agent and solvent. Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was used as growth controlling agent and the synthetic process was carried out in salt free environment. The effect of reaction parameters like concentration of AgNO3 and the reaction temperature on the final morphology of AgNWs was studied. AgNWs obtained by changing different conditions were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Synthesized AgNWs were coated on polyethylene terephthalate substrate by spin coating method to make thin conductive flexible film. The silver nanowires film was found to have a sheet resistance of 6.82 Ω/sq.
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- 2019
29. Molecular design, synthesis and biomedical applications of stimuli-responsive shape memory hydrogels
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Amin Khan, Li Wang, Ruixue Liang, Bilal Ul Amin, Haojie Yu, and Rizwan Ullah Khan
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Polymers and Plastics ,Stimuli responsive ,Computer science ,Organic Chemistry ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Smart material ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Design synthesis ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Materials Chemistry ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The review article encompasses an overview of the contemporary research related to an arsenal of smart materials i.e., shape memory hydrogels (SMHs). SMHs are instrumental in fixing temporary shapes or recovering permanent ones in response to external stimuli and are playing an increasingly important role in a diverse range of applications including soft robots, artificial mussels, embolic agents and so forth. As cynosure of smart materials, SMHs have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their unique functionality. We highlighted the mechanism of the shape memory effect (SME) and the design principle of SMHs coupled with recent advances in four distinct classes of SMHs where SME is triggered in response to temperature, pH, chemicals, and light. Besides, the progress in biomedical applications of SMHs has also been presented.
- Published
- 2019
30. Preparation of ferrocene-based phenylethylamino compounds and their properties as burning rate catalysts
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Bilal Ul Amin, Zhikun Huang, Li Wang, Haojie Yu, Jinyi Liu, and Sergey Z. Vatsadze
- Subjects
Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ferrocene ,chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,Spectroscopy ,Analytical Chemistry ,Catalysis - Published
- 2022
31. Stimuli-sensitivity and dynamics in the self-assembly structure of TEMPO-containing nonamphiphilic nanoparticles and their triggering hydrophobic drug release
- Author
-
Md Alim Uddin, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Yan Sheng, Sahid Mehmood, Bilal Ul Amin, and Ruixue Liang
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,Materials Chemistry ,General Materials Science - Published
- 2022
32. Dual modification of starches by phosphorylation and grafting and their application as adsorbents for the removal of phenol
- Author
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Bilal-ul Amin, Shah Fahad, Fazal Haq, Alim Uddin, Jian Liu, Muhammad Haroon, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, and Sahid Mehmood
- Subjects
Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Starch ,Organic Chemistry ,Radical polymerization ,Infrared spectroscopy ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Phosphate ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,Methacrylic acid ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Proton NMR ,Phenol ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this article, starch phosphate-g-poly (methacrylic acids) (SP-g-PMAAs) were synthesized by dual modification. Firstly starch phosphate (SP) was synthesized by phosphorylation of native starch (NS) with mono sodium-phosphate and di sodium-phosphate. Afterwards, methacrylic acid (MAA) was grafted onto SP via free radical polymerization to synthesize SP-g-PMAAs. The structure of the SP and SP-g-PMAAs was investigated by phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction studies showed that the modification diminished the crystalline nature of SP and SP-g-PMAAs. The SEM images showed spherical or polyhedral smooth surface for the starch. After modification, SP and SP-g-PMAAs exhibited distorted and rougher surfaces which are assumed to be good for adsorption. The dual modification produced phosphate and carboxylic groups on the starch backbone. The phosphate and carboxylic groups have high tendency to make hydrogen bonding with phenol. The comparative adsorption studies of NS, SP and SP-g-PMAAs were checked for phenol. The experimental results showed adsorption efficiencies of 0.022 g/g, 0.082 g/g, 0.100 g/g, 0.148 g/g and 0.151 g/g for NS, SP, SP-g-PMAA1, SP-g-PMAA2 and SP-g-PMAA3, respectively. The following findings revealed that dual modification enhanced the adsorption ability of NS.
- Published
- 2020
33. Electromagnetic interference shielding properties of ferrocene-based polypyrrole/carbon material composites
- Author
-
Di Shen, Bilal Ul Amin, Li Wang, Ahsan Nazir, Haojie Yu, Yang He, and Quan Chen
- Subjects
010302 applied physics ,Materials science ,Graphene ,Oxide ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Carbon nanotube ,Carbon black ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Polypyrrole ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Ferrocene ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,General Materials Science ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Composite material ,0210 nano-technology ,Carbon - Abstract
Ferrocene-based polypyrrole (PPyFc) composites containing multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and carbon black (CB) have been prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization. The prepared PPyFc/MWCNT, PPyFc/RGO and PPyFc/CB composites have been characterized by SEM, TEM, FTIR, XRD, XPS and TGA. Electrical conductivity of the PPyFc/MWCNT, PPyFc/RGO and PPyFc/CB composites has been tested by a typical four-probe method. Furthermore, the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of the PPyFc/CB, PPyFc/RGO and PPyFc/MWCNT composites has been measured through a coaxial method in the S-band frequency range. The EMI SE achieved for PPyFc/CB, PPyFc/RGO and PPyFc/MWCNT composites was − 11.08 dB, − 11.44 dB and − 23.74 dB, respectively.
- Published
- 2020
34. An overview of controlled-biocide-release coating based on polymer resin for marine antifouling applications
- Author
-
Xiaoli Zhan, Muhammad Shoaib, Muhammad Imran Jamil, Jingxian Jiang, Abid Ali, Shengzhe Luo, Qinghua Zhang, Bilal Ul Amin, and Fengqiu Chen
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Biocide ,Acrylate ,Materials science ,Polymers and Plastics ,Organic Chemistry ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Polyester ,Biofouling ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Surface coating ,Coating ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,engineering ,Tributyltin ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
Biofouling is one of the major worldwide problems associated with the vessel due to its accumulation with the surface of the ship hull. The biofouling is the main origin of the coating’s deterioration that ultimately leads to bio-corrosion, roughness and drag, resulting in an enormous increase in the fuel consumption. Although Tributyltin (TBT) has been used as a pioneer class of antifoulant to overcome this problem, however, after the legal restriction on TBT, some biocides have been used as its alternatives. These biocides are potentially harmful to the environment due to the higher release rate in the aquatic environment. This review paper focuses on the progress made in eco-friendly antifouling coating techniques, using control biocide release principal for marine application. The three main strategies, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, and biodegradable antifouling coating, are reviewed. Biodegradable antifouling coating is a new promising route based on the combination of eco-friendly biocide with dynamic surfaces by utilizing degradable polyurethane, polyester acrylate, and modified polyester based polymers. They are used as a carrier of antifoulant, which control the release rate and also show excellent antifouling activity in the marine coatings due to tunability, sustainability, and mechanical performance, therefore, they have a longer shelf period. Moreover, this review focuses on the challenges associated with vessel surface coating and their possible solutions.
- Published
- 2020
35. Chitosan reinforced hydrogels with swelling-shrinking behaviors in response to glucose concentration
- Author
-
Jingyi Feng, Li Wang, Tarig Elshaarani, Weibin Zhou, Haojie Yu, Muhammad Usman, Amin Khan, Bilal Ul Amin, Chengjiang Li, and Rizwan Ullah Khan
- Subjects
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Maleic acid ,Chemical Phenomena ,macromolecular substances ,02 engineering and technology ,Biosensing Techniques ,Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic ,Biochemistry ,Polyethylene Glycols ,Chitosan ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structural Biology ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,medicine ,Insulin ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Drug Carriers ,Chemistry ,technology, industry, and agriculture ,Maleates ,Hydrogels ,General Medicine ,Dynamic mechanical analysis ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Controlled release ,Drug Liberation ,Glucose ,Chemical engineering ,Self-healing hydrogels ,Swelling ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Ethylene glycol - Abstract
Different hydrogels of poly(acrylamide-co-3-acrylamido phenylboronic acid-co-chitosan grafted maleic acid) (P(AM-co-AAPBA-co-CSMA)s) were synthesized using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) as a crosslinker to serve for glucose sensing and insulin delivery. The structure and morphology of the hydrogels, named as CSPBA were studied by FTIR and SEM, while the mechanical properties were tested using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and universal testing machine. The prepared hydrogels shrinked at low glucose concentration due to the 2:1 boronate-glucose binding, and swelled at high glucose concentration because of 1:1 boronate-glucose complexation. Both binding mechanisms are useful for glucose sensing and insulin delivery. The integration of CSMA into hydrogels network not only enhanced the response to glucose at physiological pH, but also improved the mechanical properties and increased the encapsulation efficiency of the prepared hydrogels. These CSPBA may find potential as implantable hydrogels in applications were continuous glucose monitoring and controlled release is beneficial.
- Published
- 2019
36. Recent advances in the smart insulin delivery systems for the treatment of diabetes
- Author
-
Li Wang, Xiang Chen, Di Shen, Yangyang Lu, Haojie Yu, Yudi Huang, and Bilal Ul Amin
- Subjects
Polymers and Plastics ,Mechanism (biology) ,business.industry ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Organic Chemistry ,Insulin delivery ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Bioinformatics ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes treatment ,Exogenous insulin ,Chronic disease ,Diabetes mellitus ,Materials Chemistry ,medicine ,business - Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an intractable chronic disease manifested as high blood glucose levels (BGLs) accompanied by a series of complications. Exogenous insulin supplement is essential for both type I and advanced type II diabetics to manage blood glucose in their daily life. Thus insulin delivery has become a hot research topic and a lot of effort has been witnessed on the development of insulin delivery methods. Being like artificial pancreases, smart glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems that are able to automatically release insulin on-demanded according to the real-time BGLs are considered to be ideal alternatives to damaged islets and have significant potential for diabetes treatment. Therefore, this review is aimed to summarize the recent advances in the smart glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems, including microscopic or macroscopic systems based on the glucose oxidase (GOx), phenylboronic acid (PBA) and concanavalin A (Con A). From the point of view of materials science and engineering, preparation, properties and glucose response mechanism of different systems are introduced. Their advantages, challenges and opportunities are also discussed.
- Published
- 2021
37. Biodegradable polyurethane based clay composite and their anti-biofouling properties
- Author
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Qinghua Zhang, Bilal Ul Amin, Muhammad Shoaib, Lina Song, Xiaoli Zhan, Jiankun Hu, Yue Xiao, Qingqing Rao, and Abid Ali
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Composite number ,Artificial seawater ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Biofouling ,Crystallinity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,Differential scanning calorimetry ,Chemical engineering ,Butanediol ,Polycaprolactone ,Seawater ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
The colonization of tiny marine organisms on ship's hull which are connected directly from seawater, is a costly issue. Biofouling contributes to enhanced hydrodynamic drag, which leads to higher consumption of fuel and greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the environment-friendly solution is very necessary for anti-biofouling activity. For this purpose, we have synthesized biodegradable polyurethane (CL-PU) composed of e-CL and 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (H12MDI) and 1,4 butanediol (1,4 BD). The synthesized CL-PU was further modified with 4, 5-dicholoro-2-octyl-isothiazolone (DCOIT) and clay by mixing of the solution to make composites. Our study showed that CL-PU/DCOIT/clay composite degraded in the artificial seawater (ASW), enzymatic solution and seawater (through laboratory test) due to the contents of clay. Because the existence of clay reduced the size of the spherulite of polycaprolactone (PCL) in the composite, therefore remarkably improved the crystallinity as determined via the polarizing optical microscope (POM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The composite acted as carrier of antifoulant (DCOIT) and controlled their release rate. The anti-bacterial and anti-diatom experiments exhibited that the composite with DCOIT contents were effective in preventing the accretion of Escherichia coli (E.coli) (region inhibition 14 mm) and marine diatom Navicula incerta (82.5% reduction). The degradable CL-PU/DCOIT/clay composite will have tremendous durability and excellent anti-fouling activity for marine biofouling owning to sustainability and tunability without being toxic to aquatic biota.
- Published
- 2021
38. Recent Progress on Fabrication and Performance of Polymer Composites with Highly Thermal Conductivity
- Author
-
Bilal Ul Amin, Xudong Wu, Haojie Yu, Xingguang Meng, and Li Wang
- Subjects
Fabrication ,Materials science ,Thermal conductivity ,Polymers and Plastics ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Polymer composites ,Composite material - Published
- 2021
39. Synthesis of AgNWs using copper bromide as stabilizing agent and oxygen scavenger and their application in conductive thin films
- Author
-
Shah Fahad, Muhammad Usman, Bilal Ul Amin, Li Wang, Haojie Yu, Wang Nan, Fazal Haq, Sahid Mehmood, Jinhua Liu, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Songbiao Li, and Junchao Fu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Reducing agent ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Silver bromide ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Crystallinity ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Silver nitrate ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Polyethylene terephthalate ,Copper bromide ,General Materials Science ,0210 nano-technology ,High-resolution transmission electron microscopy ,Ethylene glycol - Abstract
Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have attracted growing interest because of their wide range of applications in modern nano electronic appliances. During polyol method, the presence of cations and anions in the reaction solution has influence on the final morphology of AgNWs. Here we report a feasible way to prepare AgNWs by polyol method. Copper bromide (CuBr2) salt was used to provide anions and cations in the reaction solution. The anions (Br−) helps in reducing the amount of free Ag+ by forming silver bromide (AgBr) during initial silver seeds formation and the cations scavenge oxygen from the surface of AgNWs during preferential growth of the AgNWs. Ethylene glycol (EG) was used as a solvent and reducing agent, silver nitrate (AgNO3) was used as Ag source and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) was used as a capping agent. The effects of various factors which influence the final morphology of AgNWs were studied. AgNWs were successfully synthesized in the presence of CuBr2 salt. The morphology of the synthesized AgNWs was characterized by the SEM and TEM. The crystallinity was characterized by HRTEM, SAED and XRD. The LSPR peaks of Ag nanostructures were revealed by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The conductive properties of AgNWs thin conductive films were studied by coating the synthesized nanowires on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate.
- Published
- 2021
40. NIR Light‐Triggered Shape Memory Polymers Based on Mussel‐Inspired Iron–Catechol Complexes
- Author
-
Bilal Ul Amin, Haojie Yu, Ruixue Liang, Li Wang, and Nan Wang
- Subjects
Biomaterials ,Shape-memory polymer ,Catechol ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Near infrared light ,Materials science ,Nir light ,chemistry ,Electrochemistry ,Nanotechnology ,Mussel inspired ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Published
- 2021
41. Advances in chemical modifications of starches and their applications
- Author
-
Amin Khan, Haojie Yu, Ahsan Nazir, Fazal Haq, Lisong Teng, Bilal-Ul-Amin, Sahid Mehmood, Muhammad Haroon, Rizwan Ullah Khan, Li Wang, and Raja Summe Ullah
- Subjects
Retrogradation (starch) ,Starch ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Analytical Chemistry ,Modified starch ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Organic chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,010405 organic chemistry ,Hydrolysis ,Organic Chemistry ,food and beverages ,Chemical modification ,Glycosidic bond ,General Medicine ,Biodegradation ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Solubility ,engineering ,Acid hydrolysis ,Biopolymer ,Adsorption - Abstract
Starch is a homopolysaccharide made up of glucose units which are linked together via a glycosidic linkage. This biopolymer is well known for its low cost, biodegradability, renewability and easy availability. In spite of all these beauties, starch has some problems with their solubility in water, retrogradation, loss of viscosity due to rupturing of glucosidic bond when subjected to treatment and absence of some groups of primary importance like different functional groups especially carboxylic group, ester group, ether group and amino group. In order to overcome these shortcomings and enhance its applications, starch must be modified. The modification can be done chemically, physically and enzymatically, but noteworthy one is the chemical modification. In this review article, we focused on the recently used ways of chemical modification such as acid hydrolysis, cross-linking, acetylation/esterification, dual modification, oxidation and grafting of starch, and their properties. This review article highlighted the application of modified starch as an adsorbent for the removal of ammonia, phenol, heavy metals, and dyes.
- Published
- 2018
42. Synthesis of carboxymethyl starch grafted polyvinyl imidazole (CMS-g-PVIs) and their role as an absorbent for the removal of phenol
- Author
-
Bilal-Ul-Amin, Li Wang, Di Shen, Muhammad Haroon, Shah Fahad, Sahid Mehmood, Fazal Haq, Alim Uddin, Lisong Teng, and Haojie Yu
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Chemical modification ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Carboxymethyl starch ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Imidazole ,Phenol ,0210 nano-technology ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
Cigarette industry plays an important role in the economy of the advanced countries. But the cigarette smoke contains toxic chemicals such as phenol which causes various kind of diseases and affect human life. In this paper, we synthesized carboxymethyl starch grafted poly vinyl imidazole (CMS-g-PVIs) by reacting carboxymehtyl starch (CMS) with vinyl imidazole (VI). The structures of the CMS-g-PVIs were investigated by 1H NMR and FT-IR. The crystalline properties of the CMS and CMS-g-PVIs were checked by XRD. The thermal properties of the original CMS and CMS-g-PVIs were investigated by TGA analysis. It was found that the modified starches had high thermal stability due to aromatic imidazole ring. The modified starches also showed more rough and distorted morphology as compared to native CMS. The CMS-g-PVIs were subjected for phenol adsorption and showed adsorption efficiencies of 0.170 g/g, 0.190 g/g, 0.192 g/g and 0.199 g/g for CMS, CMS-g-PVI 1, CMS-g-PVI 2 and CMS-g-PVI 3, respectively. Due to higher grafting ratio, CMS-g-PVI 3 showed good adsorption efficiency of 0.199 g/g for phenol. The obtained results showed that the grafting of vinyl imidazole on CMS can increase the adsorption efficiency of native CMS towards phenol.
- Published
- 2020
43. Recent advances on ferrocene-based compounds and polymers as a burning rate catalysts for propellants
- Author
-
Bilal Ul Amin, Ahsan Nazir, Alim Uddin, Shah Fahad, Fazal Haq, Ruixue Liang, Haojie Yu, Li Wang, Tengfei Lin, and Sahid Mahmood
- Subjects
Propellant ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,animal structures ,010405 organic chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Composite number ,Nanotechnology ,Polymer ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ferrocene ,chemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Efficient composite solid propellants possess stable burning rate (BR) and low-pressure exponents. To achieve the ideal performance of propellants, addition of burning rate catalysts (BRC) to the propellants system is one of the best choice. BRC are of tremendous notable significance in composite propellants for their distinctive feature to positively enhance the operational efficiency of solid propellants. In this regard, many valuable kinds of BRC have been synthesized. Due to their better ignitability, ferrocene-based compounds are well-known class of BRC. However, considerable migration and diffusion tendency of this developed class of useful compounds during storage procedures of composite solid propellants limit their practical use as an ideal BRC. This article reviews recent advances in the active field of Fc-based derivatives. In gradual addition, this article also highlights recent progress of Fc-based derivatives as a BRCs and adequately discuss their significant improvements in anti-migration properties.
- Published
- 2020
44. Synthesis of carboxymethyl starch grafted poly (methacrylic acids) (CMS-g-PMAAs) and their application as an adsorbent for the removal of ammonia and phenol
- Author
-
Li Wang, Tengfei Lin, Bilal-Ul-Amin, Sahid Mehmood, Muhammad Haroon, Haojie Yu, Fazal Haq, Yang Wang, and Amin Khan
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,010405 organic chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Potassium persulfate ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Ammonia ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Crystallinity ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Methacrylic acid ,Differential thermal analysis ,Phenol ,Spectroscopy ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
In this study carboxymethyl starch grafted poly(methacrylic acids) (CMS-g-PMAAs) were synthesized by treating carboxymethyl starch with methacrylic acid in the presence of initiator potassium persulfate (KPS). The modified starches were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The crystallinity of the modified starches was analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD) while thermal properties of the modified starches were found out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTG). These modified starches were then tested as an adsorbent for the removal of ammonia and phenol from the gaseous mixture. The maximum adsorption efficiencies of CMS, CMS-g-PMAA1, CMS-g-PMAA2, and CMS-g-PMAA3 for ammonia were 0.005, 0.020, 0.023 and 0.031 g/g respectively. Similarly, for phenol, the maximum adsorption efficiencies of CMS, CMS-g-PMAA1, CMS-g-PMAA2 and CMS-g-PMAA3 were shown to be 0.2085, 0.2445, 0.2473 and 0.2501 g/g respectively. It was shown that CMS-g-PMAAs could be used as an additive in cigarette filters to remove the toxicant ammonia and phenol from cigarette smoke.
- Published
- 2020
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