108 results on '"Chang, Sheng-Jiang"'
Search Results
2. Plastic film mulching reduces net greenhouse gas emissions in a rice–rapeseed rotation field
- Author
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Wei-Xia Xiong, Chang-Sheng Jiang, Jun-Jiang Chen, Zhong-Jing Zhao, Wei Zeng, and Qing-Ju Hao
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Rapeseed ,Agronomy ,Greenhouse gas ,Crop yield ,Global warming ,Plastic film ,Environmental science ,Paddy field ,Ecosystem ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Mulch ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
With the aim of assessing differentiation of greenhouse gas emissions as manipulated by plastic film mulching (PFM) from paddy field from a year-round perspective, we determined net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE, CO2 flux), CH4 and N2O fluxes from a rice–rapeseed rotation field. PFM and non-mulching (NM) treatments were set from 2014 to 2017 (May 2014 to April 2015, May 2015 to April 2016 and May 2016 to April 2017 were set as Annual 1, Annual 2 and Annual 3, respectively) in Southwest China. Compared with NM, CH4 emissions were increased by 60.00% (P
- Published
- 2021
3. Rearranged Diels–Alder Adducts and Prenylated Flavonoids as Potential PTP1B Inhibitors from Morus nigra
- Author
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Bin Wang, Jia Li, Ke-Jun Qu, Song-Wei Li, Mao Shuichun, Chang-Sheng Jiang, Bao-Gang Xie, Yue-Wei Guo, and Ai-Hong Liu
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,biology ,Chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Absolute configuration ,Pharmaceutical Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Analytical Chemistry ,Adduct ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Prenylation ,Drug Discovery ,Molecular Medicine ,Moiety ,Specific rotation ,IC50 ,Morus nigra ,Oleanolic acid - Abstract
Two novel rearranged Diels-Alder adducts, morunigrines A (1) and B (2), and four new prenylated flavonoids, morunigrols A-D (3-6), were isolated from the twigs of Morus nigra, together with four known prenylated phenolic compounds, including two flavonoids (7 and 8) and two 2-arylbenzofurans (9 and 10). Morunigrines A (1) and B (2) are a novel class of Diels-Alder adducts with unprecedented carbon skeletons featuring a rearranged chalcone-stilbene/2-arylbenzofuran core decorated with a unique methylbiphenyl moiety. The structures of the new compounds were assigned by analysis of spectroscopic data. The absolute configuration of compound 6 was determined by the measurement of specific rotation. A plausible biogenetic pathway for 1 and 2 is also proposed. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited more potent protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 1.8 ± 0.2 and 1.3 ± 0.3 μM, respectively, than that of the positive control oleanolic acid (IC50, 2.5 ± 0.1 μM).
- Published
- 2021
4. [Treatment Effect of Corncob and Rice Straw Enhanced Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland on Low C/N Ratio Wastewater]
- Author
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Man-Li, Hu, Qing-Ju, Hao, Rong-Zhen, Ma, Ke-Qin, Chen, Shi-Xu, Luo, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
Nitrogen ,Wetlands ,Nitrogen Dioxide ,Denitrification ,Oryza ,Wastewater ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,Zea mays ,Carbon - Abstract
The lack of carbon sources severely inhibits denitrification in wastewater with a low C/N ratio. Corncob and rice straw were chosen as supplementary carbon sources to bring into the wetland system to supplement the carbon sources needed for denitrification, and the enhancing effects of the two carbon sources on nitrogen removal from the wetland were studied. The cumulative release of carbon was in the order of rice straw[(145.17±9.44) mg·g
- Published
- 2022
5. Study on the crustal stress field of the Tengchong volcanic area using composite focal mechanism method
- Author
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Yong-ge Wan, Shan-shan Liang, Shu-zhong Sheng, Gen-ru Xiao, Chang-sheng Jiang, Xiao-hui Hu, and Xiao-shan Wang
- Subjects
geography ,Focal mechanism ,Geophysics ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Volcano ,Field (physics) ,Composite number ,Crustal stress ,Geology ,Seismology - Published
- 2021
6. [Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Biochar Application on N
- Author
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Jian, Hu, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Xin-Tong, Chen, Yan-Fang, Xiong, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Charcoal ,Vegetables ,Nitrous Oxide ,Humans ,Agriculture ,Fertilizers ,Plastics - Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine the effects of biochar addition (B0:0 t·hm
- Published
- 2022
7. [Effects of Hematite and Biochar Addition on Wastewater Treatment Efficiency, Greenhouse Gas Emission, and Microbial Community in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland]
- Author
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Xin-Tong, Chen, Qing-Ju, Hao, Yan-Fang, Xiong, Jian, Hu, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
Greenhouse Gases ,Nitrogen ,Charcoal ,Microbiota ,Wetlands ,Denitrification ,Nitrous Oxide ,Ferric Compounds ,Water Purification - Abstract
The type and structure of the substrate in constructed wetland affects the diversity and abundance of microorganisms, thereby influencing the effect of sewage treatment. In this study, four groups of wetlands were constructed in the greenhouse:blank-constructed wetland (CW0), hematite-constructed wetland (CW1), biochar-constructed wetland (CW2), and hematite+biochar-constructed wetland (CW3), to study the differences in sewage treatment effects, greenhouse gas emissions, and microbial community structures of constructed wetland systems under different filler substrates. The results showed that the addition of hematite or biochar increased the COD removal rate of -0.12% to 1.7%. The addition of biochar increased the removal rate of NH
- Published
- 2022
8. Distribution characteristics and comparison of chemical stabilization ways of heavy metals from MSW incineration fly ashes
- Author
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Qing-Ju Hao, Jiemin Zhu, Man-Li Hu, Ting-Ting Tu, Chang-Sheng Jiang, and Jun-Jiang Chen
- Subjects
Chemistry ,020209 energy ,Inorganic chemistry ,Heavy metals ,Incineration ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Solid Waste ,Coal Ash ,01 natural sciences ,Carbon ,Sodium sulfide ,Refuse Disposal ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Metals, Heavy ,Reagent ,Fly ash ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Particulate Matter ,Ammonium ,Particle size ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
With the purpose of fully understanding the potential toxicity of heavy metals of various particle sizes in fly ash (FA) and finding an optimal chemical reagent stabilization scheme for fly ash with single or mixture reagents, basic physicochemical characteristics of FA was investigated using multiple chemical stabilization reagent schemes to stabilize heavy metals. The following compounds were used to develop single and mixed chemical stabilization schemes for heavy metals in waste incineration FA: sodium sulfide (Na2S), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), ammonium dibutyl dithiophosphate (DDTP), and 2,4,6-tri-mercapto-S-triazine trisodium salt (TMT-15). The results showed that the various particle sizes of FA were mainly distributed in the range of 48–1700 μm. FA was packed with heavy metals, and the smaller the particle size, the more toxic it was. The speciation distribution of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cr in different particle sizes was identical to that of the mixed samples. In the experiments of single reagent stabilization scheme, 8% Na2S, 8% NaH2PO4, 4.2% DDTP or 4.2% TMT-15 could decrease the leaching concentration to meet the limits set by Chinese law, but 8% Na2S adding scheme had the lowest cost among them. However, in the mixture reagent scheme, 1.2% Na2S, 1.2% NaH2PO4 and 0.8% DDTP was more effective and even cheaper than other mixture or single schemes.
- Published
- 2020
9. Rearranged Diels-Alder Adducts and Prenylated Flavonoids as Potential PTP1B Inhibitors from
- Author
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Ke-Jun, Qu, Bin, Wang, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Bao-Gang, Xie, Ai-Hong, Liu, Song-Wei, Li, Yue-Wei, Guo, Jia, Li, and Shui-Chun, Mao
- Subjects
Flavonoids ,Prenylation ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 ,China ,Molecular Structure ,Phytochemicals ,Morus ,Enzyme Inhibitors - Abstract
Two novel rearranged Diels-Alder adducts, morunigrines A (
- Published
- 2021
10. [Effect of Ferric-carbon Micro-electrolysis on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Constructed Wetlands]
- Author
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Zhong-Jing, Zhao, Qing-Ju, Hao, Ting-Ting, Tu, Man-Li, Hu, Yao-Yu, Zhang, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
Greenhouse Effect ,Greenhouse Gases ,Wetlands ,Nitrous Oxide ,Carbon Dioxide ,Methane ,Carbon ,Electrolysis - Abstract
As the problem of global warming becomes increasingly serious, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction measures of constructed wetlands (CWs) have drawn significant attention. Ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis exhibits an excellent effect on wastewater purification as well as the potential to reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, to explore the impact of ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis on GHG emissions from intermittent aeration constructed wetlands, four kinds of different wetlands with different fillers were constructed. The four fillers were ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis filler+gravel (CW-Ⅰ), ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis filler+zeolite (CW-Ⅱ), zeolite (CW-Ⅲ), and gravel (CW-Ⅳ). Intermittent aeration technology was used to aerate the wetland systems. The results show that ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis significantly improved the nitrogen removal efficiency of the intermittent aeration constructed wetlands and reduced GHG emissions. Compared with CW-Ⅳ, the CH
- Published
- 2021
11. [Wastewater Treatment Effects of Ferric-carbon Micro-electrolysis and Zeolite in Constructed Wetlands]
- Author
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Zhong-Jing, Zhao, Qing-Ju, Hao, Yao-Yu, Zhang, Wei-Xia, Xiong, Wei, Zeng, Jun-Jiang, Chen, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
Ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis fillers and zeolite have been increasingly used as substrates in constructed wetlands due to their good wastewater pollution-removal efficiencies. To explore the effects of different fillers on wastewater treatment in constructed wetlands, four constructed wetlands were examined with vertical subsurface flow areas filled with ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis filler+gravel (CW-A), ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis filler+zeolite (CW-B), zeolite (CW-C), and gravel (CW-D). In addition, intermittent aeration was used to improve the dissolved oxygen (DO) environment. The results showed that, compared with CW-D, the ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis filler significantly increased the dissolved oxygen (DO
- Published
- 2021
12. [Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from the Ridges and Furrows of a Vegetable Field]
- Author
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Wei-Xia, Xiong, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Zhong-Jing, Zhao, Wei, Zeng, Man-Li, Hu, Ting-Ting, Tu, Jun-Jiang, Chen, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Abstract
Investigate the effects of plastic film mulching on CH
- Published
- 2021
13. Traffic light system and its application on induced earthquake monitoring
- Author
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Yu, Qiu, Lihua, Fang, Ruijia, Wang, Liping, Fan, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Published
- 2021
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14. [Characteristics of Aerosol Optical Depth in the Urban Area of Beibei and Its Correlation with Particle Concentration]
- Author
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Wei, Zeng, Qing-Ju, Hao, Zhong-Jing, Zhao, Wei-Xia, Xiong, Jun-Jiang, Chen, Jin-Yuan, Xin, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
To understand the atmospheric quality of the Beibei District of Chongqing, using the simultaneous observation data of aerosol optical depth and particulate matter concentration in 2014, we analyzed the characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD) in the urban area of Beibei and its correlation with particle concentration. The results showed that the annual average of AOD
- Published
- 2020
15. [Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Rice-Rapeseed Rotation in Cropland]
- Author
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Shi-Jie, Chen, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Xue, Ni, Xiao-Xi, Li, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China at the farm of Southwest University in Chongqing. In the study, static chamber and gas chromatography methods were used to study the effects of plastic film mulching treatment on CO
- Published
- 2019
16. Robust adaptive dynamic surface control for hypersonic vehicles
- Author
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Hector Gutierrez, Yuchun Bi, Yifei Yang, Nai-Bao He, Chang-Sheng Jiang, and Gao Qian
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Hypersonic speed ,Computer science ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Aerospace Engineering ,Ocean Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Attitude control ,Nonlinear system ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,Radial basis function neural ,Robustness (computer science) ,Backstepping ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Abstract
An adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) scheme is proposed for the multi-input multi-output attitude control of near-space hypersonic vehicles (NHV). The proposed control strategy can improve the control performance of NHV despite uncertainties and external disturbances. The proposed controller combines dynamic surface control and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) and is designed to control the longitudinal dynamics of NHV. The DSC technique is used to handle the problem of “explosion of complexity” inherent to the conventional backstepping method. RBFNN is used to approximate the unknown nonlinear function, and a robustness component is introduced in the controller to cancel the influence of compound disturbance and improve robustness and adaptation of the system. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy possesses good robustness and fast response.
- Published
- 2018
17. Aglaiabbrevins A–D, New Prenylated Bibenzyls from the Leaves of Aglaia abbreviata with Potent PTP1B Inhibitory Activity
- Author
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Jian-Mei Jiang, Tong-Jun Liang, Ai-Hong Liu, Zhang Yi, Bin Wang, Chang-Sheng Jiang, Jia Li, Mao Shuichun, Pan Sun, and Yue-Wei Guo
- Subjects
010405 organic chemistry ,Stereochemistry ,Absolute configuration ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Prenylation ,Drug Discovery ,Bibenzyl ,Specific rotation ,Tyrosine ,Oleanolic acid ,IC50 - Abstract
Four new prenylated bibenzyls, named aglaiabbrevins A-D (2, 4-6), were isolated from the leaves of Aglaia abbreviata, along with two known related analogues, 3,5-dihydroxy-2-[3,7-dimethyl-2(E),6-octadienyl]bibenzyl (7) and 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)bibenzyl (8). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic experiments, mainly one and two dimensional (1D- and 2D)-NMR, and the absolute configuration of 5 was determined by the measurement of specific rotation. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity. The results showed that compounds 5-7 exhibited more potent PTP1B inhibitory effects with IC50 values of 2.58±0.52, 2.44±0.35, and 2.23±0.14 µM, respectively, than the positive control oleanolic acid (IC50=2.74±0.20 µM). On the basis of the data obtained, these bibenzyls with the longer C-2 prenyl groups may be considered as potential lead compounds for the development of new anti-obesity and anti-diabetic agents. Also, the PTP1B inhibitory effects for prenylated bibenzyls are being reported for the first time.
- Published
- 2017
18. [Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on CH
- Author
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Xue, Ni, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Shi-Jie, Chen, Xiao-Xi, Li, Xiao-Jun, Shi, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Nitrogen ,Vegetables ,Agriculture ,Fertilizers ,Methane ,Plastics ,Carbon - Abstract
To investigate the effects of plastic film mulching and nitrogen fertilizer application on CH
- Published
- 2019
19. [Effects of Plastic Film Mulching and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on N
- Author
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Xue, Ni, Qing-Ju, Hao, Shi-Jie, Chen, Xiao-Xi, Li, Xiao-Jun, Shi, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Nitrogen ,Vegetables ,Nitrous Oxide ,Agriculture ,Fertilizers ,Plastics - Abstract
To investigate the effects of plastic film mulching and nitrogen fertilizer application on N
- Published
- 2019
20. [Effects of the Crop Rotation on Greenhouse Gases from Flooded Paddy Fields]
- Author
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Xi, Feng, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Xiao-le, Peng, Yan-Pei, Li, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Subjects
Carbon Sequestration ,China ,Greenhouse Gases ,Soil ,Nitrous Oxide ,Oryza ,Methane ,Crop Production - Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at the Key Field Station for Monitoring Eco-environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China in the farm of Southwest University, Chongqing. The static chamber and gas chromatography method was used to study the effect of the cropping systems on greenhouse gases from rice-fallow (RF), rice-rapeseed rotation (RR), and rice-brussel mustard rotation (RV) cropland
- Published
- 2019
21. [Mass Concentrations and Size Distributions of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in Atmospheric Aerosols in Beibei District, Chongqing]
- Author
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Yan-Pei, Li, Qing-Ju, Hao, Tian-Xue, Wen, Dong-Sheng, Ji, Zi-Rui, Liu, Yue-Si, Wang, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
In order to study the concentration and distribution characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in aerosol particles of the Beibei district of Chongqing, aerosol samples were collected with an Andersen cascade impactor between March 2014 and February 2015. Water-soluble inorganic ions, including Na
- Published
- 2018
22. [Pollution Characteristics of Organic Carbon and Elemental Carbon in Atmospheric Aerosols in Beibei District, Chongqing]
- Author
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Xiao-le, Peng, Qing-Ju, Hao, Tian-Xue, Wen, Dong-Sheng, Ji, Zi-Rui, Liu, Yue-Si, Wang, Jian-Bo, Chen, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
To study the pollution characteristics of atmospheric carbon aerosols, aerosol samples were collected via a cascade impactor (Andersen) from March 2014 to February 2015 in Beibei District, Chongqing. Organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) were detected using a DRI 2001A carbon analyzer. The results showed that the annual average concentrations of OC and EC in PM
- Published
- 2018
23. [Effects of Plastic Film Mulching on Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Rice-Rapeseed Crop Rotation]
- Author
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Jiang-Lai, Shi, Qing-Ju, Hao, Di, Feng, Kai-Li, Zhang, Xiao-Jun, Shi, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Brassica rapa ,Nitrous Oxide ,Oryza ,Seasons ,Methane ,Plastics ,Crop Production - Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China in the farm of Southwest University in Chongqing. Static opaque chamber and gas chromatography methods were used to study the effect of plastic film mulching on CH
- Published
- 2018
24. [Characteristics and Influencing Factors of CH
- Author
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Xue-Si, Chai, Qing-Ju, Hao, Zhe, Huang, Zhi-Wei, Fan, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
Five levels (180 m, 175 m, 165 m, 155 m, and 140 m) in a typical drawdown area in Wangjiagou in the Three Gorges Reservoir were selected to study CH
- Published
- 2018
25. [Change and Influencing Factors of Dissolved Carbon and Dissolved Nitrogen in Water of the Three Gorges Reservoir]
- Author
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Zhi-Wei, Fan, Qing-Ju, Hao, Zhe, Huang, Xue-Si, Chai, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Abstract
In order to understand the changes of dissolved carbon and dissolved nitrogen in the water of Three Gorges Reservoir,this research was carried out once a week by the bank of Yangtze River in Fuling beach from March 2011 to August 2012,and the variation characteristics of dissolved C,N composition and their source were analyzed.The results showed that the concentration of DOC ranged from 0.64 mg·L
- Published
- 2018
26. [Effects of Plastic Film Mulching on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Vegetable Field]
- Author
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Di, Feng, Qing-Ju, Hao, Kai-Li, Zhang, Jiang-Lai, Shi, Xiao-Jun, Shi, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Vegetables ,Nitrous Oxide ,Agriculture ,Plastics - Abstract
Considering the common cropping system (chili-radish rotation) in Southwest China, the objective of this study is to explore the effect of plastic film mulching on N
- Published
- 2018
27. [Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Drawdown Area in the Three Gorges Reservoir]
- Author
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Xue-Si, Chai, Li-Guo, Lei, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Zhe, Huang, Zhi-Wei, Fan, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Nitrogen ,Altitude ,Temperature ,Biomass ,Seasons ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Carbon ,Soil Microbiology - Abstract
Taking a typical drawdown area located in Wangjiagou of the Three Gorges Reservoir as the study object, four elevations 180,175,165 and 155 m were selected to explore the effect of water level change on soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN). Wherein, 175,165 and 155 m elevations located in the fluctuating zone, manifested as short, medium and long-term flooding, respectively; 180 m was used as the control, located on the land and never flooded. Sampling depth in soil samples was 0-20 cm, collected once a week. The results indicated that, soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents at 180 m had no obvious seasonal changes, while they showed remarkable seasonal trends at 175m, which in spring and summer were significantly higher than in autumn and winter; SMBC and SMBN contents and their allocation ratio at four elevations were similar and had significant seasonal fluctuation, which were highest in autumn and lowest in summer at each elevation, indicating that in drawdown area the microbial activity and turnover rate of soil organic carbon and nitrogen were limited by the high-temperature and low-humidity soil environment in summer. Data analysis showed that, compared with the 180 m elevation, contents of SOC, TN, SMBC and microbial quotient, SMBN and its allocation proportion showed varying degrees of increase, while contents of these indexes were significantly lower than control except SMBN and its allocation proportion, meaning that compared with 180 m short and medium-term flooding was conducive to improve soil carbon, nitrogen and their turnover rate and microbial biomass, however, contents of soil carbon and nitrogen and microbial biomass carbon were significantly restricted at 155 m as soil was subjected to flooding stress, meanwhile the turnover rate of SOC was reduced. Correlation analysis implied that SMBC and SMBN had very significant negative correlation with temperature at 5 cm soil depth and pH, meaning that the two environmental factors had a strong effect on soil microbial biomass.
- Published
- 2018
28. [Features and Influencing Factors of N
- Author
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Rui, Li, Li-Guo, Lei, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Xue-Si, Chai, Zhe, Huang, Zhi-Wei, Fan, and Qing-Ju, Hao
- Abstract
Three heights (180 m, 175 m and 155 m) located in a typical drawdown area in Wangjiagou of the Three Gorges Reservoir were selected for studying the N
- Published
- 2018
29. [Effect of Plastic Film Mulching on Methane Emission from a Vegetable Field]
- Author
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Kai-Li, Zhang, Qing-Ju, Hao, Di, Feng, Jiang-Lai, Shi, Xiao-Jun, Shi, and Chang-Sheng, Jiang
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Vegetables ,Agriculture ,Seasons ,Methane ,Plastics - Abstract
Using the static opaque chamber method and choosing a chili-radish cropping system, a field experiment, located in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China in the farm of Southwest University in Chongqing, was conducted
- Published
- 2018
30. Anti-disturbance control of hypersonic flight vehicles with input saturation using disturbance observer
- Author
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Qin Xian Wu, Mou Chen, Chang Sheng Jiang, and Beibei Ren
- Subjects
Attitude control ,Lyapunov function ,symbols.namesake ,Disturbance (geology) ,General Computer Science ,Control theory ,Computer science ,Convergence (routing) ,Terminal sliding mode ,symbols ,State observer ,Stability (probability) ,Sliding mode control - Abstract
This paper proposes an anti-disturbance control scheme for the near space vehicle (NSV) based on terminal sliding mode (TSM) technique and disturbance observer method. To tackle the system uncertainty and the time-varying unknown external disturbance of the NSV, a disturbance observer based on TSM technique is designed which can render the disturbance estimate error convergent in finite time. Furthermore, an auxiliary design system is introduced to analyze the input saturation effect. Based on the developed disturbance observer and the auxiliary design system, an anti-disturbance attitude control scheme is developed for the NSV using the TSM technique to speed up the convergence of all signals in closed-loop system. For the closed-loop system, the stability is rigorously proved by using the Lyapunov method and we guarantee the finite time convergence of all closed-loop system signals in the presence of the integrated affection of the system uncertainty, the input saturation, and the unknown external disturbance. Simulation study results are given to show the effectiveness of the developed TSM anti-disturbance attitude control scheme using the disturbance observer and the auxiliary system for the NSV.
- Published
- 2015
31. Aglaiabbrevins A-D, New Prenylated Bibenzyls from the Leaves of Aglaia abbreviata with Potent PTP1B Inhibitory Activity
- Author
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Pan, Sun, Chang-Sheng, Jiang, Yi, Zhang, Ai-Hong, Liu, Tong-Jun, Liang, Jia, Li, Yue-Wei, Guo, Jian-Mei, Jiang, Shui-Chun, Mao, and Bin, Wang
- Subjects
Plant Leaves ,Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Molecular Structure ,Bibenzyls ,Humans ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Aglaia - Abstract
Four new prenylated bibenzyls, named aglaiabbrevins A-D (2, 4-6), were isolated from the leaves of Aglaia abbreviata, along with two known related analogues, 3,5-dihydroxy-2-[3,7-dimethyl-2(E),6-octadienyl]bibenzyl (7) and 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)bibenzyl (8). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic experiments, mainly one and two dimensional (1D- and 2D)-NMR, and the absolute configuration of 5 was determined by the measurement of specific rotation. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their protein tyrosine phosphatase-1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activity. The results showed that compounds 5-7 exhibited more potent PTP1B inhibitory effects with IC
- Published
- 2017
32. Guaranteed transient performance based control with input saturation for near space vehicles
- Author
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Chang-Sheng Jiang, Qingxian Wu, Bin Jiang, and Mou Chen
- Subjects
Attitude control ,Tracking error ,Controllability ,General Computer Science ,Rate of convergence ,Computer science ,Control theory ,Backstepping ,Convergence (routing) ,Overshoot (signal) ,Transient (oscillation) - Abstract
This paper describes the design of guaranteed transient performance based attitude control for the near space vehicle (NSV) with control input saturation using the backstepping method. To improve the robust controllability of the NSV, the parameter adaptive method is used to tackle the integrated effect of unknown time-varying disturbance and control input saturation. Based on the backstepping technique and parameter estimated outputs, a robust attitude control scheme is proposed for the NSV with input saturation. A novel robust attitude control scheme is then proposed based on a prescribed performance bound (PPB) which characterizes the convergence rate and maximum overshoot of the attitude tracking error. The closed-loop system stability under both the developed robust attitude control schemes is proved using Lyapunovs method and uniformly asymptotical convergence of all closed-loop signals is guaranteed. Finally, simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of both the proposed robust constrained attitude control schemes.
- Published
- 2014
33. Robust control of near-space vehicles with input backlash-like hysteresis
- Author
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Chang-Sheng Jiang, Bin Jiang, Mou Chen, and Qingxian Wu
- Subjects
Lyapunov function ,Disturbance (geology) ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Control engineering ,Sliding mode control ,Attitude control ,symbols.namesake ,Nonlinear system ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,Backstepping ,symbols ,Robust control ,Backlash - Abstract
In this article, robust attitude control schemes are proposed for the near-space vehicle with the backlash-like hysteresis and the time-varying unknown disturbance using backstepping technique. In the robust attitude control design, the backlash-like hysteresis is described by a dynamic equation which is decomposed as a linear term and a nonlinear term. To handle the nonlinear term in the dynamic equation of the backlash-like hysteresis and the time-varying unknown disturbance, they are treated as a compounded disturbance and the nonlinear disturbance observer is designed to estimate them. Based on the developed nonlinear disturbance observer, the robust backstepping attitude control is firstly developed for the near-space vehicle. Then, the robust sliding mode attitude control scheme is presented for the near-space vehicle to further enhance the robust attitude control performance. The convergence of all closed-loop signals is rigorously proved via Lyapunov analysis method under the developed robust attitude control schemes. Finally, simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed attitude control approaches.
- Published
- 2013
34. Soil respiration and its influencing factors in rice-rape rotation fields during rape growing season
- Author
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Qing-Ju Hao, Zhi-Xiang Liu, Zhi-Bo Xu, and Chang-Sheng Jiang
- Subjects
Soil respiration ,Ecology ,Agronomy ,Soil Science ,Environmental science ,Growing season ,Plant Science ,Rotation ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics - Published
- 2013
35. Attitude tracking control for variable structure near space vehicles based on switched nonlinear systems
- Author
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Chang-sheng Jiang, Qingxian Wu, and Yufei Wang
- Subjects
Engineering ,Variable structure control ,Switched nonlinear systems ,Adaptive control ,business.industry ,Variable structure near space vehicle ,Mechanical Engineering ,Robust control ,Aerospace Engineering ,Control engineering ,Attitude control ,Fuzzy control system ,Fuzzy control ,Sliding mode control ,Variable structure system ,Control theory ,Robustness (computer science) ,business - Abstract
An adaptive robust attitude tracking control law based on switched nonlinear systems is presented for a variable structure near space vehicle (VSNSV) in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. The adaptive fuzzy systems are employed for approximating unknown functions in the flight dynamic model and their parameters are updated online. To improve the flight robust performance, robust controllers with adaptive gains are designed to compensate for the approximation errors and thus they have less design conservation. Moreover, a systematic procedure is developed for the synthesis of adaptive fuzzy dynamic surface control (DSC) approach. According to the common Lyapunov function theory, it is proved that all signals of the closed-loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded by the continuous controller. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed control scheme.
- Published
- 2013
36. Disturbance-observer-based robust synchronization control of uncertain chaotic systems
- Author
-
Chang-Sheng Jiang, Mou Chen, and Qingxian Wu
- Subjects
Scheme (programming language) ,Disturbance (geology) ,Computer simulation ,Computer science ,Applied Mathematics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Synchronization of chaos ,Aerospace Engineering ,Ocean Engineering ,Constraint (information theory) ,Matrix (mathematics) ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Control theory ,Synchronization (computer science) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Robust control ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
In this paper, a robust synchronization control scheme is proposed for chaotic systems in the presence of system uncertainties and unknown external disturbances. For the synchronization error system, the compound disturbance which is estimated using the disturbance observer cannot be directly measured. If the gain matrix is properly chosen, the disturbance observer can approximate the unknown compound disturbance well. And then, the constrained robust synchronization control scheme is presented for uncertain chaotic systems based on the output of disturbance observer. In the design of a robust synchronization control scheme, the effect of unknown control input constraint has been explicitly considered to guarantee the synchronization performance. Numerical simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed constrained synchronization control scheme for uncertain chaotic systems.
- Published
- 2012
37. [Effects of Land Use Type on Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen in Water-Stable Aggregates in Jinyun Mountain]
- Author
-
Zeng-quan, Li, Chang-sheng, Jiang, and Qing-ju, Hao
- Subjects
Soil ,Nitrogen ,Altitude ,Clay ,Water ,Agriculture ,Aluminum Silicates ,Biomass ,Forests ,Carbon ,Soil Microbiology - Abstract
In this study, four land use types including subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (abbreviation: forest), sloping farmland, orchard and abandoned land were selected to collect soil samples from 0 to 60 cm depth at the same altitude in Jinyun Mountain. Four sizes of large macroaggregates (2 mm), small macroaggregates (0.25-2 mm), microaggregates (0.053-0.25 mm) and silt + clay (0.053 mm) were achieved by wet sieving method and the contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) in each aggregate fraction were measured to study the impacts of the different land use types on MBC and MBN in soil aggregates. The results showed that the contents of MBC and MBN in all aggregates in the four land use types decreased with the increasing soil depth. Except large macroaggregetes, the contents of MBC and MBN in the other three soil aggregates decreased when the forest was reclamated into orchard and sloping farmland. MBC and MBN contents in large macroaggregates, small macroaggregates and microaggregates all increased when the sloping farmland was abandoned. The storages of organic carbon and nitrogen in soil depth of 0-60 cm in the four proportions were calculated by the equivalent soil mass method. The results revealed that MBC storages in the other three sizes except silt + clay were higher in the forest than those in orchard and sloping land. And MBC storages in the all aggregates were higher in the abandoned land than those in the sloping land. MBN storages in small macroaggregates and microaggregates were higher in the forest than those in orchard and sloping land. And MBN storages in the other three aggregates except silt + clay were higher in the abandoned land than those in the sloping land. Generally speaking, the storages of MBC in soil aggregates of forest and abandoned land were higher than in orchard and sloping land, MBN storage in soil aggregates of forest was nearly equal to the storage in orchard. However, the storages of MBN in soil aggregates of forest and abandoned land were higher than those in sloping land. The results showed that the reclamation of the forest resulted in the loss of MBC and MBN in soil aggregates of sloping land. However, the abandon of the sloping land contributed to the acumulation of MBC and MBN in soil aggregates. In the process of land use change, the direction and quantity of change in MBC in the soil aggregates were not consistent with those of the total soil organic carbon, which meant the microbial quotient in soil aggregates was not suitable for using to evaluate the impact of land use change on soil quality, using the total organic carbon as an index to express the sensitivity of the land use change may be better.
- Published
- 2016
38. [Effects of Different Land Uses on Soil Active Organic Carbon and Nitrogen Fractions in Jinyun Mountain]
- Author
-
Xin, Qi, Chang-sheng, Jiang, Qing-ju, Hao, and Jian-lin, Li
- Subjects
Manure ,China ,Soil ,Nitrogen ,Charcoal ,Agriculture ,Forests ,Fertilizers ,Carbon - Abstract
In this paper, we take Jinyun Mountain where located in Beibei district of Chongqing as the research object and explore the effect of different ways of land use on soil active organic carbon, nitrogen components by collecting the soil samples from 0 to 60 cm depth in subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (hereinafter referred to as the forest), abandoned land, orchard, farmland and measuring the content of MBC, MBN, DOC and DON. The research results show that the contents of soil MBC, MBN, DOC, DON are reduced with the increase of soil depth in four types of land using soils. Variance analysis of the single factor shows that four kinds of land uses have no significant difference in the contents of MBC, MBN and DON, but the DOC content of the abandoned land is significantly higher than that of other three kinds. It shows that the different ways of land use have no obvious effects on soil MBC, MBN and DON but the abandonment of slope cropland can significantly increase the content of soil DOC. There is no significant difference among the distribution ratio of MBN, DOC, DON in forest, abandoned land, orchard and farmland within the soil from 0 to 60 cm, but the distribution ratio of slope MBC is significantly higher than that of other three kinds. It means farmland soil organic carbon has a higher biological activity, this could due to the application of green manure, farmland manure and other organic fertilizers. Under different land utilizations, DOC/DON is the highest, MBC/MBN is the second, and SOC/TN is the lowest. It means the biological solidification of dissolved organic matter is the strongest, and the mineralization of soil organic matter is the most obvious. Under the four kinds of land uses, there are the lowest ratios in SOC/TN, MBC/MBN and DOC/DON in the farmland. And all the ratios are less than 20, which suggest that the mineralization of farmland soil organic matter is stronger and it's easy to cause the loss of soil carbon.
- Published
- 2016
39. [Impact of Land Utilization Pattern on Distributing Characters of Labile Organic Carbon in Soil Aggregates in Jinyun Mountain]
- Author
-
Rui, Li, Chang-sheng, Jiang, and Qing-ju, Hao
- Subjects
Carbon Sequestration ,China ,Soil ,Clay ,Agriculture ,Aluminum Silicates ,Forests ,Carbon - Abstract
Four land utilization patterns were selected for this study in Jinyun mountain, including subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest (abbreviation: forest), sloping farmland, orchard and abandoned land. Soil samples were taken every 10 cm in the depth of 60 cm soil and proportions of large macroaggregates (2 mm), small macroaggregates (0. 25-2 mm), microaggregates (0. 053 - 0. 25 mm) and silt + clay (0. 053 mm) were obtained by wet sieving method to measure the content of organic carbon and labile organic carbon in each aggregate fraction and analyze impacts of land uses on organic carbon and labile organic carbon of soil aggregates. LOC content of four soil aggregates were significantly reduced with the increase of soil depth; in layers of 0-60 cm soil depth, our results showed that LOC contents of forest and abandoned land were higher than orchard and sloping farmland. Reserves of labile organic carbon were estimated by the same soil quality, it revealed that forest (3. 68 Mg.hm-2)abandoned land (1. 73 Mg.hm-2)orchard (1. 43 Mg.hm-2)sloping farmland (0.54 Mg.hm-2) in large macroaggregates, abandoned land (7.77, 5. 01 Mg.hm-2)forest (4. 96, 2.71 Mg.hm-2)orchard (3. 33, 21. 10 Mg.hm-2)sloping farmland (1. 68, 1. 35 Mg.hm-2) in small macroaggregates and microaggregates, and abandoned land(4. 32 Mg.hm-2)orchard(4. 00 Mg.hm-2)forest(3. 22 Mg.hm-2)sloping farmland (2.37 Mg.hm-2) in silt + clay, forest and abandoned land were higher than orchard and sloping farmland in other three soil aggregates except silt + clay. It was observed that the level of organic carbon and labile organic carbon were decreased when bringing forest under cultivation to orchard or farmland, and augments on organic carbon and labile organic carbon were found after exchanging farmland to abandoned land. The most reverses of forest and abandoned land emerged in small macroaggregates, orchard and sloping farmland were in microaggregates. That was, during the transformations of land utilization pattern, soil aggregates with bigger size were easier to accumulate or lose labile organic carbon. Allocation ratios of labile organic carbon to soil organic carbon under four land uses were decreased as the soil depth added. Allocation ratios of orchard and sloping farmland were a bit higher than forest and abandoned land, which indicated that organic carbon of forest and abandoned land were more steady and available for soil as a carbon sink, meanwhile, the forest and abandoned land would avoid more CO2 diffusing to the atmosphere from the decomposition of soil organic carbon.
- Published
- 2016
40. Study on The Influencing Factors of Photonic Crystals Band Gaps in THz Waveband
- Author
-
张会 Zhang Hui, 徐旺 Xu Wang, 张卫宇 Zhang Wei-Yu, 郭一飞 Guo Yi-Fei, and 常胜江 Chang Sheng-Jiang
- Subjects
Radiation ,Materials science ,Band gap ,Terahertz radiation ,business.industry ,Optoelectronics ,Condensed Matter Physics ,business ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Photonic crystal - Published
- 2012
41. [Impacts of Land Use Changes on Soil Light Fraction and Particulate Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Jinyun Mountain]
- Author
-
Li-guo, Lei, Chang-sheng, Jiang, and Qing-ju, Hao
- Subjects
China ,Soil ,Nitrogen ,Altitude ,Agriculture ,Forests ,Organic Chemicals ,Carbon - Abstract
Four land types including the subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, sloping farmland, orchard and abandoned land were selected to collect soil samples from 0 to 60 cm depth at the same altitude of sunny slope in the Jinyun Mountain in this study. Soil light fraction organic carbon and nitrogen ( LFOC and LFON), and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC and PON) were determined and the distribution ratios and C/N ratios were calculated. The results showed that the contents of LFOC and LFON decreased significantly by 71. 42% and 38. 46% after the forest was changed into sloping farmland (P0. 05) but the change was not significant when it was changed into orchard (P0. 05), while the contents of LFOC and LFON increased significantly by 3. 77 and 1. 38 times after the sloping farmland was changed into abandoned land (P0. 05). The contents of POC and PON did not vary markedly after the forest was converted into orchard or sloping farmland, while the POC and PON contents increased markedly by 4. 12 and 1. 25 times after the sloping farmland was abandoned. Those above results indicated that abandoned land was easy for active organic carbon and nitrogen accumulation; on the contrary, sloping farmland was easy to lose soil labile carbon and nitrogen. The LFOC and LFON distribution ratios were significantly reduced by 31. 20% and 30. 08%, respectively after the forest was changed into the sloping farmland, and increased by 18. 74% and 20. 33% respectively after the forest was changed into the orchard. Nevertheless, the distribution ratios of LFOC and LFON were changed little by converting the forest into the sloping farmland and orchard. The distribution ratios of LFOC, LFON, POC and PON all increased significantly after the farmland was abandoned (P0. 05). Those results showed that the activity of soil organic carbon and nitrogen was enhanced after forest reclamation, while reduced after the sloping farmland was abandoned. The ratios of carbon to nitrogen in soil organic matter, light fraction organic matter and particulate organic matter were in the order of abandoned land (12. 93)forest (8. 53)orchard (7. 52)sloping farmland (4. 40), abandoned land (16. 32)forest (14. 29)orchard (11. 32)sloping farmland (7. 60), abandoned land (23. 41)sloping farmland (13. 85 )forest (10. 30)orchard (9. 64), which indicated that the degree of organic nitrogen mineralization was higher after forest cultivation and lower after the sloping farmland was abandoned.
- Published
- 2015
42. The Particle Size Distribution, Gross Contents of Heavy Metals and its Leaching Behavior of Fly Ash from Municipal Solid Wastes Incineration of Chongqing
- Author
-
Yan Shi, Si Chen Liu, Qing Ju Hao, Chang Sheng Jiang, and Qing Ling Li
- Subjects
Materials science ,General Engineering ,Environmental engineering ,Heavy metals ,Incineration ,Metal ,Municipal solid waste incinerator ,visual_art ,Environmental chemistry ,Fly ash ,Particle-size distribution ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Particle size ,Leaching (metallurgy) - Abstract
The distributions in different particle sizes of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash in spring and autumn were studied by sieve method, and the heavy metal contents of Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Hg in different size particles were measured, and the heavy metal leaching amount in the different particle size were also studied under the GB5085.3-2007 and USEPA-TCLP leaching procedure, respectively. The results showed that the particle size of fly ash in autumn was relatively smaller than that of in spring, more than 90% of particle size of fly ash in spring and autumn were less than 250 μm, and the particle size in 83-105 μm of fly ash in spring distributes in most with about 40% of the total, but 105-149 μm in autumn distributes in most, accounted for about 45% of the total. The content of heavy metals decreased first and then increased with the decreasing particle sizes except for Ni, and the content of heavy metals in the spring is higher than that of in autumn except for Fe and Zn. Under the GB5085.3-2007 leaching procedure, the leaching content of Cu, Zn and Ni in MSWI fly ash in both spring and autumn and Cr in spring were not beyond limited standard, but Pb and Cd in both spring and autumn and Cr in autumn were beyond limited standard. However, under TCLP leaching procedure, the leaching content of Pb, Cr and Cd in both spring and autumn were beyond the standard limits.
- Published
- 2011
43. Investigation of Contaminated Soils and Plants by Mn in Manganese Mining Area in Xiushan Autonomous County of Chongqing
- Author
-
Chang Sheng Jiang, Xiao Juan Huang, Tao Zhu, and Qing Ju Hao
- Subjects
Pollution ,Waste management ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,General Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Sewage ,Manganese ,Tailings ,Soil contamination ,Phytoremediation ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Soil water ,Shoot ,Environmental science ,business ,media_common - Abstract
The manganese contents of soils and dominant plants from the manganese mining areas in Xiushan autonomous county of Chongqing were researched in this paper. The results showed that the Mn pollution of soil in the Mn mining tailings were very serious with high indexes (Igeo>5), and sewage irrigated soil was also contaminated by manganese metal. The uptake of Mn by dominant plants can be classified into three types according to the Mn contents in plant shoots and roots, (1) the accumulator which absorbs a large content of Mn by the roots and transports it to the shoots, (2) the root compartment which also absorbs a large content of Mn but mainly in the roots, and (3) the excluder which absorbs a smaller content of Mn than the accumulator. The edible parts of radishes and peppers growing in the Mn mining tailings and cropland were all seriously polluted by manganese and not safe for human health.
- Published
- 2011
44. Stabilization of Chromium(VI) from Chromic Slag with Two Types of Thiol Collectors
- Author
-
Chang Sheng Jiang, Qing Ping Lu, and Qing Ju Hao
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure ,Inorganic chemistry ,General Engineering ,chemistry.chemical_element ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chromium ,chemistry ,Potassium ethyl xanthate ,Thiol ,Chelation ,Leaching (metallurgy) ,Hexavalent chromium ,Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate - Abstract
Two thiol collectors, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) and potassium ethyl xanthate (EXT), were adopted to stabilize hexavalent chromium from chromic slag. The average usage of each thiol collector is 62.5 μmol∙g-1 in chromic slag. The leaching characteristic of Cr6+ in chromic slag was analyzed according to the acidic extraction process with the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and the procedures of extraction in water with the horizontal vibration method (HMV). Under the 0.1 mol∙L-1 TCLP and HMV conditions, we compared them with FeSO4 and found that two thiol collectors presented better stabilization effects for Chromium (VI) from chromic slag, especially the effect by DDTC is more stabilized than that by EXT. The rate of their stabilized treatments is 78.42% and 83.18%, respectively, which both are obviously higher than that by FeSO4. Heavy metal-thiol collectors such as flocculent mass is more stabilized under the neutral and alkalized conditions (pH>8), but it may be partly dissolved under the acidic conditions (pH6+ from chromic slag will increase quickly with pH decreasing.
- Published
- 2011
45. Disturbance-Observer-Based Robust Flight Control for Hypersonic Vehicles Using Neural Networks
- Author
-
Chang-Sheng Jiang, Mou Chen, and Qing-Xian Wu
- Subjects
Hypersonic speed ,Health (social science) ,General Computer Science ,Artificial neural network ,Computer science ,General Mathematics ,Control (management) ,General Engineering ,Education ,General Energy ,Aeronautics ,Control theory ,Disturbance observer ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2011
46. Online-SVR-compensated nonlinear generalized predictive control for hypersonic vehicles
- Author
-
Lu Cheng, Ming Pu, and Chang-sheng Jiang
- Subjects
Lyapunov function ,Nonlinear system ,Model predictive control ,symbols.namesake ,Adaptive control ,General Computer Science ,Artificial neural network ,Control theory ,Computer science ,Robustness (computer science) ,Control system ,symbols ,Robust control - Abstract
This paper is concerned with the problem of hypersonic vehicle (HSV) attitude control system in uncertain flight conditions. The problem can be expressed as the adaptive robust control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. Based on the description of the aerodynamic structure and the model of flight control system of a certain kind of HSV, the ideal nonlinear generalized predictive control (NGPC) law based on uncertain nonlinear model is raised first to optimize the receding-horizon criterion of tracking errors. Then the online support vector regression (SVR) is employed to identify the uncertain item in the ideal control law. It is the compensating part of the controller. In addition, the stability of the close-loop system is analyzed using the Lyapunov method. The developed control strategy is well-implemented in this HSV attitude control system, and the simulation results compared with both nominal NGPC and RBF neural network disturbance observer show the good robustness and disturbance attenuation ability of this strategy and demonstrate the efficiency of online SVR algorithm.
- Published
- 2011
47. Effect of Tillage Systems on Soil Organic Carbon and Soil Quality in a Purple Paddy Soil
- Author
-
Chang Sheng Jiang, Yan Wu, Jun Ke Zhang, and Qing Ju Hao
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Tillage ,Topsoil ,Conventional tillage ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Soil water ,General Engineering ,Environmental science ,Organic matter ,Soil carbon ,Soil type ,Soil quality - Abstract
The impact of conservation tillage practices on carbon sequestration has been of great interest in recent years. This experiment analyzed the organic carbon status of soils sampled at depth increments from 0 to 60 cm after 20 years in a purple paddy soil. The tillage experiment was established in the Key Field Station for Monitoring of Eco-Environment of Purple Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, located in the farm of Southwest University (30°26′N, 106°26′E), Chongqing. In this paper, five tillage treatments including conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SL), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF) were selected as research objectives to measure SOC storage and stratification ratio of SOC (CSR). The SOC storage under different tillage systems was calculated based on an equivalent soil mass. The CSR can be used as an indicator of soil quality because surface organic matter is essential to erosion control, water infiltration, and the conservation of nutrients. Results showed that in soil under no-till SOC was concentrated near the surface, while in tilled soil SOC decreased equably with the increase of soil depth. The difference of SOC contents between the five tillage systems was the largest in the top soil and the lowest in the bottom soil. The order of SOC storage was LM (158.52 Mg C•ha-1) >DP (106.74 Mg C•ha-1) >XM (100.11 Mg C•ha-1) >LF (93.11 Mg C•ha-1) >SL (88.59 Mg C•ha-1), LM treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. The CSR of 0-10/50-60 cm was 2.65, 2.70 and 2.14 under LM, XM and LF treatments, while 1.54 and 1.92 under DP and SL treatments. We considered CSR>2 indicate an improvement in soil quality produced by changing from tillage to no-tillage, as well as changing from plane to ridge. Overall, long-term LM treatment is a valid strategy for increasing SOC storage and improving soil quality in a purple paddy soil in Southwest China.
- Published
- 2011
48. Tillage Effects on Soil Active Organic Carbon in a Purple Paddy Soil
- Author
-
Qing Ju Hao, Chang Sheng Jiang, and Yan Wu
- Subjects
Tillage ,Total organic carbon ,Soil depth ,Animal science ,Conventional tillage ,Waste management ,Chemistry ,General Engineering ,Soil carbon - Abstract
The effect of different tillage systems on the soil organic carbon (SOC), active organic carbon (AOC) and remaining organic carbon (ROC) were studied in a long-term experiment in Chongqing, China. The experiment included five tillage treatments, which are conventional tillage with rice only system (DP), conventional tillage with rotation of rice and rape system (SH), no-till and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LM), no-till and plain culture with rotation of rice and rape system (XM) and tillage and ridge culture with rotation of rice and rape system (LF), respectively. The results showed that the content of SOC declined as the soil depth increased, and presented obvious surface enrichment phenomenon under the no-tillage systems. The order of SOC, AOC, ROC and ROC/SOC in the 0–60 cm soil layer under different tillage systems was LM (22.74 g kg-1) > DP (14.57 g kg-1) > XM (13.73 g kg-1) > LF (13.10 g kg-1) > SH (11.92 g kg-1), DP (3.67 g kg-1) > LF (3.49 g kg-1) > LM (3.28 g kg-1) > XM (3.17 g kg-1) > SH (2.69 g kg-1), LM (18.09 g kg-1) > DP (10.34 g kg-1) > XM (10.12 g kg-1) > LF (9.20 g kg-1) > SH (8.80 g kg-1) and LM (85%) > SH (78%) > XM 77%) > LF (75%) > DP (74%). Compared with other systems, LM significantly increased SOC, ROC and ROC/SOC, which indicated long-term LM system performed good effect for carbon sequestration.
- Published
- 2011
49. Temporal and Spatial Features of Isostasy Anomaly Using Gravitational Admittance Model at Eastern Margin of Tibetan Plateau
- Author
-
Yi-Qing Zhu, W.G. Wang, Qian-Shen Wang, Chang-Sheng Jiang, Feng-Yi Guo, Hong-Yan Lu, Shi Chen, and Duan-Fa Liu
- Subjects
geography ,Plateau ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Admittance ,General Medicine ,Geophysics ,Geodesy ,Gravity anomaly ,Tectonics ,Isostasy ,Anomaly (physics) ,Bouguer anomaly ,Geology ,Free-air gravity anomaly - Abstract
The eastern margin of Tibetan plateau belongs to north-south seismic belt. There is a distinct variation characteristic of gradient zone between positive and negative anomalies on satellite anomaly figure of free air gravity. Along the anomaly zone there are many deep faults. The eastern margin is also a boundary region of tectonic units. In this paper, we used the gravitational admittance theory and method to compute the background isostasy anomaly of gravitational admittance model in this region. Through comparing the isostasy anomaly characteristics of Airy model and elastic plate model, and analyzing the regional seismic activity, we evaluated the results and optimized the parameters used for calculation. Based on this, we finished the comparison and analysis of isostasy anomaly response characteristics along three profiles across the eastern margin of Tibetan plateau, and taking this background isostasy anomaly as the reference field, further explained the temporal and spatial features of mobile gravity measurement dataset of 1998~2005. The result shows that the isostatic anomaly derived with the gravitational admittance model is applicable to the region of tectonic boundary and can indicate the state of non-equilibrium of upper crust.
- Published
- 2011
50. Adaptive fuzzy control for a class of chaotic systems with nonaffine inputs
- Author
-
Chang-Sheng Jiang and Jie Wen
- Subjects
Scheme (programming language) ,Numerical Analysis ,Adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system ,Applied Mathematics ,Chaotic ,Fuzzy control system ,Lorenz system ,Compensation (engineering) ,Control theory ,Modeling and Simulation ,Stability theory ,Backstepping ,computer ,Mathematics ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
A robust adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of chaotic systems with nonaffine inputs, modeling uncertainties and external disturbances by using backstepping approach. Fuzzy logic systems (FLS) are employed to approximate the unknown parts of the virtual control and practical controls. The main characteristics of the scheme are that the number of the online adaptive parameters is no more than two times of the order of chaotic system and the tracking errors are guaranteed to be uniformly asymptotically stable with the aid of additional adaptive compensation terms. Lorenz system, Chen system, Lu system and Liu system are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control technique.
- Published
- 2011
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