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Additional file 1. Table S1: Information of brain donors in this study. Fig. S1: The expression pattern of S6K1 in HEK293 cells and neurons. Fig. S2: The quantification of PSD95 and synaptophysin in fractions and the validation of p70S6K antibodies. Fig. S3: Knockdown of p85S6K efficiently reduces p85S6K in PSD-1 and does not affect the locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior. Fig. S4: p85S6K cannot be immunoprecipitated with GluA1 with little expression of AKAP79 in HEK293 cells. Fig. S5: p85S6K does not interfere with the interaction between GluA1 and PKA. Fig. S6: The immunoblots of p85S6K/p70S6K and phosphorylated form in remaining human temporal cortex samples related to Fig. 5a. Fig. S7: p85S6K expression in P2 pellets of cortex of APP/PS1 mice. Fig. S8: p85S6K expression is decreased in PSD-1 of cortex of 5×FAD mice. Fig. S9: PSD95 expression is not altered in AD brains. Fig. S10: Overexpression of p85S6K does not affect the locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior. Fig. S11: Upregulation of p85S6K does not enhance the spatial learning and spine density in S845A mice. Fig. S12: The NLS predicted in p85S6K by www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/INSP/ . Fig. S13: The expression of GluA1 and its phosphorylation at Ser845 are reduced in P2 pellets from fractionation of cortex of 7-month old 5×FAD and 9-month old APP/PS1 mice.

Background Depression and high-fat diet are both known as independent risk factors for atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, suggesting the interaction of psychological and physiological factors in the development of these diseases. The liver is a crucial organ that facilitate lipid metabolism especially in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), while according to the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, depression as a kind of psychological stress has an influence on hepatic function. So there seem to be some links between depression and lipid metabolic disorders. Methods To investigate these links, we separately treated rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CMS) and/or a high-fat diet (HD) to evaluate the development of atherosclerosis and the expression of hepatic ABCG8, ABCG5, SR-BI, CYP7A1, LXRα, and LCAT which were associated with reverse cholesterol transport. Results This study provided evidence that high-fat diet greatly decreased these genes expression related to RCT while chronic stress alone tended to promote RCT. Chronic unpredictable mild stress combined with a high-fat diet attenuated RCT and aggravated atherogenesis. Conclusions These observations suggested that chronic psychological stress alone is virtually propitious to lipid metabolism, however when under a condition of high-fat diet, it deteriorated atherosclerotic plague and did harm to RCT.