Search

Bacterial infection was one of the most serious public health problems, harmful to human health and cost a lot. Nowadays, misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence...

Supplementary Material 1

Recently, observational hints for supermassive black holes have been accumulating, which has inspired ones to wonder: Can primordial black holes (PBHs) be supermassive, in particular with the mass $M\gtrsim 10^{9}M_\odot$? A supercritical bubble (with an inflating baby universe inside it) that nucleated during inflation can develop into a PBH in our observable Universe. Here, we find that when the inflaton slowly passes by a neighboring vacuum, the nucleating rate of supercritical bubbles would inevitably attain a peak, so the mass distribution of multiverse PBHs, and the mass of peak can be up to $M\gtrsim 10^{11}M_\odot$. Thus our mechanism naturally provides a primordial origin of supermassive BHs., Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures

Additional file 2. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis in TCGA-ATM dataset.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Amplicon sequences for technical replication of methylation profiling. Table S2. Chlorpromazine equivalent doses for the antipsychotic drugs (mg, mean±SD). Table S3. Top 20 risk-DMRs. Table S4. Top 20 RES-DMRs. Table S5. Enrichment analysis of gene ontology and biological pathways for ASM genes (Top 20 terms in each category). Table S6. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs11125746 from LINC01795. Table S7. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs12674515 from DDHD2. Table S8. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs28759130 from SBNO1. Table S9. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs498541 from KCNG2. Table S10. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs56370020 from RUFY1. Table S11. Linkage disequilibrium analysis of rs72728886 from SEMA7A. Table S12. Pearson correlation of methylation levels from proxy-model CpG sites between blood and brain tissues. Table S13. Evaluation of methylation proxy models. Table S14. Performance evaluation for RES-prediction models. Fig.S1. Statistical power of samples. Fig.S2. Technical replication of methylation profiling. Fig.S3. Correlations between PRSs. Fig.S4. Relationship between treatment response and PRSs. Fig.S5. Variable importance plot of PRSs. Fig.S6. Correlation of PMS to PANSS reduction rate. Fig.S7. Correlation of epigenetic clocks and PANSS reduction rate. Fig.S8. Heatmap for the distribution of CpG sites from meQTLs, risk-DMRs, RES-DMRs, and ASM genes. Fig.S9. Enrichment analysis of gene ontology and biological pathways for ASM genes. Fig.S10. Comparison between peripheral blood and brain tissues in transcription, methylation, and chromatin interaction of RUFY1. Fig.S11. Performance of the optimal proxyDNAm models.

Additional file 1. Supplementary methods.

The main goal of distribution network (DN) expansion planning is essentially to achieve minimal investment constrained with specified reliability requirements. The reliability-constrained distribution network planning (RcDNP) problem can be cast an instance of mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) which involves ultra-heavy computation burden especially for large scale DNs. In this paper, we propose a parallel computing-based acceleration algorithm for solve RcDNP problem. The RcDNP is decomposed into a backbone grid and several lateral grid problems with coordination. Then a parallelizable augmented Lagrangian algorithm with acceleration strategy is developed to solve the coordination planning problems. In this method, the lateral grid problems are solved in parallel through coordinating with the backbone grid planning problem. To address the presence of nonconvexity, Gauss-Seidel iteration is adopted on the convex hull of the feasible region constructed by the decomposition method. Under mild conditions, the optimality and convergence of this algorithm is proven. The numerical tests show the proposed method can significantly reduce the computation time and make the RcDNP applicable for real-world problems.

Zhao-Shan Fang,1,* Zhi Zhang,1,* Zhi-Jie Liang,2 Zhong-Rong Long,1 Yi Xiao,1 Zhi-Yin Liang,1 Xing Sun,1 Hong-Mian Li,3 Hai Huang4 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Wound Repair Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530022, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Medical Laboratory Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530022, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Hong-Mian LiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, 530022, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail lihongmian@gxmu.edu.cnHai HuangDepartment of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wuming Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530199, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail Huanghaidr@126.comAim: The aim of the present study was to identify the association between tumor grade and liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS)-related genes, and to generate a LLPS-related gene-based risk index (LLPSRI) as a prognostic tool for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: Weighted gene correlation network analysis was performed to test whether the LLPS-related gene modules were associated with tumor grade of HCC. The candidate modules were subjected to functional enrichment analysis. We generated a LLPSRI using the expression profiles of the hub genes among the candidate modules in order to identify patients at high risk. Then, the biological characteristics of the high-risk patients were revealed using gene set enrichment analysis. Additionally, an independent external data set was used to validate the LLPSRI.Results: Four gene modules showed a significant positive correlation with tumor grade and involved various cancer-related pathways. Among the hub genes, six were selected to generate the LLPSRI, which was significantly associated with prognosis of HCC patients. The LLPSRI could successfully divide patients with HCC into high- and low-risk groups, and patients in the high-risk group showed shorter overall survival than those in the low-risk group. E2F, MYC, and mTORC1 signaling may be important determinants of survival in the high-risk group. The prognostic value of the LLPSRI was validated with the independent external data set.Conclusion: We identified LLPS-related gene modules that are associated with HCC tumor grade. The LLPSRI may be useful as a prognostic marker of HCC, and it may reliably stratify patients into groups at low or high risk of worse survival. Our analysis also suggests that certain biological characteristics of HCC may be associated with high risk of worse survival.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, liquid–liquid phase separation, WGCNA, prognostic biomarker

To evaluate the effect of hydraulic fracturing in a low-permeability reservoir, a propagation path tracing method for hydraulically created fractures was established based on microseismic monitoring data. First, the numerical simulation of the wave propagation process, grid search, and error-weight coefficient method was combined to locate the microseismic source. Then, the moment tensor inversion method was used to determine the tensile angle and source mechanism of hydraulically created fractures. Next, the tensile angle was used as the weight-index to determine the size of the mixed-source mechanism fracture combined with the shear and tensile source size quantization model. Finally, the spatial topological relationship between fractures was determined by comprehensively considering the spatial location and radius of the fractures, to realize the propagation path tracing of hydraulically created fractures. These tracking results can be used as one of the bases for the evaluation of the hydraulic fracturing effect.

Damage mechanics and rheological mechanics are combined to solve the shale sidewall instability problems in oil and gas drilling engineering. The microcracks in the shale sidewall rocks and the rhe...

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a global health challenge with an increasing incidence worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) function critically in HCC initiation and development. However, the prognostic significance of CAF-related gene signatures in HCC remains unknown. Therefore, the specific functions of CAF-related genes in HCC were investigated to help develop potential therapeutic strategies. In this study, CAF-related genes were screened from three CAF-related gene sets. HCC data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was applied to verify the screened CAF-related genes. Cluster analysis was used to identify clusters based on the expression pattern of CAF-related genes and two identified clusters were found to have a significant difference in overall survival (OS) and progression free intervals (PFI). The prognosis of HCC patients was predicted using the prognostic risk score model developed based on HCC data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. High-risk group patients had a worse OS than those in low-risk group in TCGA. These results were validated in International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Moreover, combining the clinicopathological characteristics related to prognosis with the model, a nomogram was built for a more accurate prediction of OS of HCC patients. In addition, analyses of immune infiltration characteristics of tumor microenvironment (TME), chemosensitivity, and immunotherapy response were conducted to further evaluate the prognostic value of CAF-related genes. Patients with low-risk scores were found to have higher chemosensitivity to cisplatin, doxorubicin, and sorafenib. Individuals with high-risk scores were found with a higher expression of most immune checkpoints which indicated patients with high-risk scores may benefit more from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Furthermore, a correlation between immune infiltration characteristics of TME and patients with different risk levels was found. These findings provide a possibility for the further development of personalized treatments in HCC.

BackgroundDyslipidemia is a well-recognized risk factor for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Growing evidences have shown that compared with the traditional lipid parameters, some lipid ratios may provide additional information of lipid metabolism. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate which lipid index was most related to DKD.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional study that enrolled patients with T2D from January 2021 to October 2021. Each participant was screened for DKD, and the diagnostic criterion for DKD is estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥ 30 mg/g for 3 months. Fasting blood was collected to determine lipid profiles by an automatic biochemical analyzer, and lipid ratios were calculated based on corresponding lipid parameters. Spearman’s correlation analyses were conducted to assess the correlations between lipid indices and kidney injury indices, and binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between lipid indices and the risk of DKD.ResultsA total of 936 patients with T2D were enrolled in the study, 144 (15.38%) of whom had DKD. The LDL-C/Apo B ratios were positively correlated with eGFR (r = 0.146, p < 0.05) and inversely correlated to cystatin C and UACR (r = -0.237 and -0.120, both p < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that even after adjusting for other clinical covariates, the LDL-C/Apo B ratios were negatively related to DKD, and the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.481 (0.275–0.843). Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that compared with patients with normal lipid profiles and a high LDL-C/Apo B ratio, the odds ratio of DKD in patients with normal lipid metabolism and a low LDL-C/Apo B ratio was 2.205 (1.136-4.280) after adjusting for other clinical covariates.ConclusionIn patients with T2D, the LDL-c/Apo B ratio was most closely associated with DKD among various lipid indices, and a lower LDL-C/Apo B ratio was associated with increased risks of DKD among patients with T2D.

Sugarcane is a cash crop that plays an integral part in the sugar industry. The Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) has been adopted globally, ensuring enough and aiming for more yield, helping increase disease-free sugarcane cultivation. Single-bud seeds could be the best approach for sugarcane cultivation. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) is a rooting agent utilized significantly in seedling propagation. Greenhouse experiment results discovered the significant growth promotion in sugarcane seedlings and accumulation of plant hormones at 100 ppm IBA. Next, we performed transcriptomic analysis of sugarcane buds using RNA sequencing and compared their gene expression during root development due to affect of IBA (100 ppm). A total of 113,475 unigenes were annotated with an average length of 836 bp (N50 = 1,536). The comparative RNA-seq study between the control (CK) and IBA-treated (T) buds showed significant differentially expressed unigenes (494 upregulated and 2086 downregulated). The IBA influenced major biological processes including metabolic process, the cellular process, and single-organism process. For cellular component category, cell, cell part, organelle, membrane, and organelle part were mainly affected. In addition, catalytic activity and binding were primarily affected in the molecular function categories. Furthermore, the expression of genes related to plant hormones and signaling pathways was analyzed by qRT-PCR, which was consistent with the RNA-seq expression profile. This study provides new insights into the IBA response to the bud sprouting in sugarcane based on RNA sequencing, and generated information could help further research on breeding improvement of sugarcane.

Additional file 11: Table S4. Different variants of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion in TCGA dataset.

Existing studies on neural architecture search (NAS) mainly focus on efficiently and effectively searching for network architectures with better performance. Little progress has been made to systematically understand if the NAS-searched architectures are robust to privacy attacks while abundant work has already shown that human-designed architectures are prone to privacy attacks. In this paper, we fill this gap and systematically measure the privacy risks of NAS architectures. Leveraging the insights from our measurement study, we further explore the cell patterns of cell-based NAS architectures and evaluate how the cell patterns affect the privacy risks of NAS-searched architectures. Through extensive experiments, we shed light on how to design robust NAS architectures against privacy attacks, and also offer a general methodology to understand the hidden correlation between the NAS-searched architectures and other privacy risks., Comment: Accepted by CCS 2022

Additional file 4: Table S2. The effect of chemotherapy for young stage IB GAC patients by cumulative incidence function analysis before and after PSM.

Additional file 10: Table S3. The normalized read counts of TMPRSS2-ERG (e2e4), TMPRSS2-ERG (e1e4), TMPRSS2 and ERG in TCGA after Agrep analysis (1 error allowed).

Additional file 1. Figure S1: Statistical analysis of human BMSCs. Figure S2. General features of multi-strategic libraries for adipo-osteogenesis of BMSCs. Figure S3. Adipogenesis and osteogenesis of human AMSCs. Figure S4. General features of multi-strategic libraries for adipo-osteogenesis AMSCs. Figure S5. Confirmation of circRNAs by qPCR and Sanger sequencing during adipo-osteogenesis of human AMSCs. Figure S6. The abundant of circ-CRLF1 and CRLF1 mRNA at day 14 during adipogenesis treated with RNase R.

Additional file 9: Table S2. The characteristics of four NEPC specific chimeric RNAs.

Additional file 3: Table S1. The effect of chemotherapy for old stage IB GAC patients by cumulative incidence function analysis before and after PSM.

Additional file 3: Figure S1. ROC curve to compare the capability of 1,5-AG and other independent risk factors in identifying DPN.

Additional file 1: Table S1. ROC analysis displaying AUC of 1,5-AG and other independent risk factors in identifying DPN.

The magnetic fields with the first- and second-order gradient are engineered in several mechanically controlled hybrid systems. The current-carrying nanowires with different geometries can induce a tunable magnetic field gradient because of their geometric symmetries, and therefore develop various couplings to nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. For instance, a straight nanowire can guarantee the Jaynes-Cummings (JC) spin-phonon interaction and may indicate a potential route towards the application on quantum measurement. Especially, two parallel straight nanowires can develop the coherent down-conversion spin-phonon interaction through a second-order gradient of the magnetic field, and it can induce a bundle emission of the antibunched phonon pairs via an entirely different magnetic mechanism. Maybe, this investigation is further believed to support NV's future applications in the area of quantum manipulation, quantum sensing, and precision measurement, etc., Comment: This manuscript need to be modified

The shape of 3$d$-orbitals often governs the electronic and magnetic properties of correlated transition metal oxides. In the superconducting cuprates, the planar confinement of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital dictates the two-dimensional nature of the unconventional superconductivity and a competing charge order. Achieving orbital-specific control of the electronic structure to allow coupling pathways across adjacent planes would enable direct assessment of the role of dimensionality in the intertwined orders. Using Cu-$L_3$ and Pr-$M_5$ resonant x-ray scattering and first-principles calculations, we report a highly correlated three-dimensional charge order in Pr-substituted YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7}$, where the Pr $f$-electrons create a direct orbital bridge between CuO$_2$ planes. With this, we demonstrate that interplanar orbital engineering can be used to surgically control electronic phases in correlated oxides and other layered materials.

Additional file 8: Table S1. The number and sequences of primers in neuroendocrine PCa.

Additional file 2: Table S2. ROC analysis comparing the capability of 1,5-AG and other independent risk factors in identifying DPN.

Additional file 12: Table S5. The sequences of primers for TMPRSS2-ERG (e1e4) and TMPRSS2-ERG (e2e4).

Background Cadmium is a well-characterized bone toxic agent and can induce bone damage via inhibiting osteogenic differentiation. However, only a few studies have addressed the mechanism on cadmium-associated bone damage and none of them has used a panel of sensitive and specific biomarkers for the detection of cadmium-associated bone damage. BMP/SAMD signaling pathway can mediate osteogenic differentiation, but the association between cadmium and BMP/SAMD signaling pathway is yet to be illuminated. Methods We treated human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with CdCl2 in vitro to to detect the expression of BMPs and SAMDs. And we also enrolled 67 cases of bone damage and 67 cases without bone damage. Urinary cadmium concentration and the concentrations of BMP-2 and BMP-4 of subjects were detected. Mediation analyses was used to estimate the influence of urinary cadmium and BMP-4 on bone damage, adjusting for a set of confounders. Results Cd exposure significantly promoted adipogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, and inhibited its' osteogenic differentiation by inhibiting the expression of BMP-2/4, SAMD4, and p-SAMD1/5/9 complex. BMP-4 mediated 22.92% (95%CI 6.37, 46.00) of the total association between cadmium and the risk of osteoporosis. Conclusions We found BMP-4 can be a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target of cadmium-associated bone damage.

A maternal woman was positive for SARS-CoV-2 tested in throat swabs but negative tested in other body fluids, and she had IgG and IgA detected in breast milk. Her infant negative for SARS-CoV-2 at birth had elevated IgG in serum but quickly decayed. These findings suggest that breastfeeding might have the potential benefit to the neonates.

We present a comprehensive mechanistic study on the highly tunable selectivity over Inx/ZrO2 catalysts in CO2 hydrogenation. By variation of the indium loading between 0.1 and 5 wt %, either an adm...

In hypersonic flow calculations, the grid spacing next to the wall surface is one of the key factors in the prediction of surface heat transfer. The main tool to build the chemical nonequilibrium m...

Background/aim [6]-Gingerol, a compound extracted from ginger, has been studied for its therapeutic potential in various types of cancers. However, its effects on oral cancer remain largely unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the potential anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms of [6]-gingerol in oral cancer cells. Materials and methods We analyzed the antigrowth effects of [6]-gingerol in oral cancer cell lines by cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion assays. We detected cell cycle and apoptosis with flow cytometry and further explored the mechanisms of action by immunoblotting. Results [6]-Gingerol significantly inhibited oral cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle G2/M phase arrest. [6]-Gingerol also inhibited oral cancer cell migration and invasion by up-regulating E-cadherin and down-regulating N-cadherin and vimentin. Moreover, [6]-gingerol induced the activation of AMPK and suppressed the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in YD10B and Ca9-22 cells. Conclusion [6]-Gingerol exerts anticancer activity by activating AMPK and suppressing the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in oral cancer cells. Our findings highlight the potential of [6]-gingerol as a therapeutic drug for oral cancer treatment.

Kagome superconductors with Tc up to 7K have been discovered over 40 years. Recently, unconventional chiral charge order has been reported in kagome superconductor KV3Sb5, with an ordering temperature of one order of magnitude higher than the TC. However, the chirality of the charge order has not been reported in the cousin kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5, and the electronic nature of the chirality remains elusive. In this letter, we report the observation of electronic chiral charge order in CsV3Sb5 via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe a 2x2 charge modulation and a 1x4 superlattice in both topographic data and tunneling spectroscopy. 2x2 charge modulation is highly anticipated as a charge order by fundamental kagome lattice models at van Hove filling, and is shown to exhibit intrinsic chirality. We find that the 1x4 superlattices forms various small domain walls, and can be a surface effect as supported by our first-principles calculations. Crucially, we find that the amplitude of the energy gap opened by the charge order exhibits real space modulations, and features 2x2 wave vectors with chirality, highlighting the electronic nature of the chiral charge order. STM study at 0.4K reveals a superconducting energy gap with a gap size 2{\Delta}=0.85meV, which estimates a moderate superconductivity coupling strength with 2{\Delta}/kBTc=3.9. When further applying a c-axis magnetic field, vortex core bound states are observed within this gap, indicative of clean-limit superconductivity.

Additional file 1. The optimized sequence of p54.

Aiming at the existing short-term traffic flow prediction models, this paper proposes a deep neural network prediction model CNN-LSTM. This model is a combination of the convolutional neural network and the long-short term memory neural network, to better mine the time characteristics of the short-term traffic passenger flow data. This research takes Shanghai metro passenger flow data as an example, trains MLP, LSTM, GRU, CNN, and CNN-LSTM models, compares the applicability of five kinds of prediction model for different time granularity, verifies the accuracy of the models. And the research results show that the precision of the prediction models improves with the increase of the granularity of time. Compared with the existing single model, the CNN-LSTM hybrid model has more accurate prediction performance, its model errors are significantly reduced, and its goodness of fit is improved, which can provide data support for urban rail transit management and operation, and increase its adaptability to emergencies.

Additional file 3: Figure S3. AKT is frequently overexpressed in CRC. (a). The expression of phosphorylated AKT (Ser473) and total AKT (pan) was examined by IHC analysis using a CRC tumor microarray (100× magnification). The top panels show the quantitation of all samples. (b). Representative images of IHC staining on a CRC tumor microarray are shown. The AKT and p-AKT expression are stained in brown, and the nuclei are stained blue with hematoxylin. Two images are shown from each group (magnification, 100×). (c). The mRNA level of of AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3 expression was calculated from the data set GSE21815 (N = 123 pairs, which were examined using cDNA microarray from primary CRC and paired normal tissues). (*p

Additional file 5: Figure S5. Effects of AKT1/2 knockdown on the intranuclear content of p53 and MDM2. The cells were stained for p53 (red) and MDM2 (Green), and the nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Localization of p53 and MDM2 expression in the cells are shown in the merged image. Scale bar = 100 μm.

Additional file 2: Figure S2. CTD suppressed the migration of colon cancer cells by a transmembrane assay. (a) Representative images of the in vitro migration assays in the transwell system. (b) Representative images of the in vitro invasion assay in the transwell system.

The investigation on significantly enhancing the coupling to NV centers at single-quanta level is of great key point to further explore its application in quantum information processing (QIP). We here study a joint scheme to further enhance NV-phonon coherent coupling with two methods working together in a hybrid optomechanical systems. Both methods are mechanic-induced mode field coupling (MFC) leading to the modification of the spatial distribution of the optical field, and the mechanical parametric amplification (MPA) realized by modulating the mechanical spring constant in time, respectively. With the joint assistance of MFC and MPA, the coherent coupling between the NV spin and one supermode of the mechanical resonators (MRs) can be further enhanced significantly, with the rate ne^r, several potential applications on this proposal are also discussed in this work. For the ultimate target of enhancing the coupling to NV spin at single-quanta level, this attempt may provide a promising spin-phonon platform for implementing the more active control.

The myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2)-related lipid-recognition protein is involved in immune responses through recognizing bacteria lipopolysaccharide in mammals, arthropods and plants. However, the physiological roles of MD-2 in other biological processes are largely unknown. Here, we identified three homologue MD-2 genes (NlML1, NlML2 and NlML3) by searching the genome and transcriptome databases of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, a hemipteran insect species. Temporospatial analysis showed that the NlML1 gene was highly expressed in the fat body but lowly expressed in the other tissues, while the NlML2 and NlML3 genes were highly expressed in the testis or digestive tract. RNA interference-mediated depletion of the NlML1 gene significantly downregulated the transcription of numerous integument protein genes. The NlML1 knockdown led to moulting failure and mortality at the nymph���adult transition phase, impaired egg laying and hatching and reduced 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) production in the nymphs. 20E could rescue the deficient moulting phenotypes derived from dsNlML1 RNAi. These novel findings indicate that NlML1 is required for nymphal moulting and female reproductive success���as it plays an important role in regulating 20E synthesis, lipid and chitin metabolisms in N. lugens���thus contributing to our understanding of developmental and reproductive mechanisms in insects.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Analysis of cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis after treatment with CTD. (a) MTT assay was performed to measure the effect on the cytotoxicity of healthy colon cells named CCD-18Co at 24, 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively. Data are shown as mean ± SD of values from triplicate samples. (*p

Firstly, this paper briefly introduces computer-aided Rhino software. Then it expounds the application of Rhino software in ceramic art design teaching, including the application of 3D printing in ceramics, 3 D modeling in ceramics and 2 D plane graphics in ceramics. Finally, it elaborates the advantages of Rhino in ceramic art teaching, including developing ceramic art design thinking, combining theory with practice, improving ceramic art teaching effect and enhancing students' interest in learning, in order to make ceramic art design related personnel pay attention to Rhino in ceramic art design process, which is conducive to improving ceramic art design teaching effect.

Background 20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Rh2) has demonstrated therapeutic effects in many types of cancers. We aimed to investigate the potential anticancer activity and underlying mechanisms of G-Rh2 in oral cancer cells. Materials and methods The antigrowth effect of G-Rh2 in oral cancer cells was stimulated by cell proliferation, soft agar colony formation, and migration and invasion assay. The cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. The underlying mechanism of G-Rh2 in oral cancer cells was explored by immunoblotting. Results G-Rh2 significantly inhibited oral cancer cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle G0/G1-phase arrest. G-Rh2 inhibited oral cancer cell migration and invasion through regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins. G-Rh2 inhibited the Src/Raf/ERK signaling pathway in YD10B and Ca9-22 cells. Conclusion G-Rh2 exerted anticancer activity in vitro by inhibiting the Src/Raf/ERK signaling pathway in oral cancer. G-Rh2 is a potential therapeutic drug for oral cancer treatment.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Dynamic changes of D-Dimer, NLR in intubated and non-intubated patients

Additional file 6: Table S2. Primer sequences for real time PCR.