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Review question / Objective: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the chronic microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Chinese Tuina is a promising external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which can promote blood circulation, increase the support of tissues, accelerate metabolism and facilitate the improvement of neurological function, thereby improving the quality of life of patients with DPN. Although increasing clinical studies reveals the efficacy of Chinese Tuina therapy and its safety on DPN patients, whether Chinese Tuina therapy is indeed improving DPN remains unclear. In this study, we intended to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Chinese Tuina in the treatment of DPN. Patient, Participant, or population: Inclusion criteria: Patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (diagnosed clinically using any accepted diagnostic criteria).

H1N1 influenza is a kind of acute respiratory infectious disease that has a high socioeconomic and medical burden each year around the world. In the past decades, H1N1 influenza viruses have exhibited high resistance to adamantanes, which has become a serious issue. To understand the up-to-date distribution and evolution of H1N1 influenza viruses with adamantanes-resistant mutations, we conducted a deep analysis of 15875 M2 protein and 8351 MP nucleotides sequences. Results of the distribution analyses showed that 77.32% of H1N1 influenza viruses harbored-resistance mutations of which 73.52% were S31N, And the mutant variants mainly appeared in North America and Europe and H1N1 influenza viruses with S31N mutation became the circulating strains since 2009 all over the world. In addition, 80.65% of human H1N1 influenza viruses and 74.61% of swine H1N1 influenza viruses exhibited adamantanes resistance, while the frequency was only 1.86% in avian H1N1 influenza viruses. Studies from evolutionary analyses indicated that the avian-origin swine H1N1 influenza viruses replaced the classical human H1N1 influenza viruses and became the circulating strains after 2009; The interspecies transmission among avian, swine, and human strains over the past 20 years contributed to the 2009 swine influenza pandemic. Results of our study clearly clarify the historical drug resistance level of H1N1 influenza viruses around the world and demonstrated the evolution of adamantanes-resistant mutations in H1N1 influenza viruses. Our findings emphasize the necessity for monitoring the adamantanes susceptibility of H1N1 influenza viruses and draw attention to analyses of the evolution of drug-resistant H1N1 influenza variants.

OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate nasal morphologies associated with nasal airway obstruction in unilateral alveolar cleft patients. METHODS A total of 234 unilateral alveolar cleft cases were performed cone beam computed tomography scans. The digital imaging and communication in medicine data were imported into Simplant Pro software. The radiographic features including nasal septum deviation and inferior turbinate hypertrophy as well as nasal airway volume and sinusitis were analyzed. RESULTS A new radiographic classification of relationship between nasal septum and inferior turbinate (NS-IT) on the cleft side was proposed and three types of NS-IT relationship (type I, II and III) were identified in 234 cases. The statistical analysis revealed that the nasal airway volume on non-cleft side was significantly higher than that on cleft side in each of three types (P

Review question / Objective: This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of Tuina in the treatment of Sciatica to clarify its efficacy and safety. Condition being studied: Sciatica is one of the common pain symptoms in the human body, also known as radiating leg pain. Sciatica is increasingly occurring due to poor posture and lack of physical exercise all over the world. At present, many studies have indicated that Tuina can improve the clinical symptoms and functional status of sciatica. However, there is currently no relevant systematic review to evaluate and report this clinical scientific issue. Consequently, this study will conduct a meta-analysis on the effectiveness and safety of Tuina therapy for sciatica.

This study aims to quantitatively evaluate and summarize the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CBM, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for randomized controlled trails (RCTs) from their inception through July 10, 2021. RCTs that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study, and RevMan software was used for meta-analysis. Outcome indicators included scores on the fatigue severity scale (FSS), modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and the H/M amplitude ratio of the Soleus H reflex. When p 0.05, the difference was considered significant.A total of 10 articles were included in this study, with 8 of them in the quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis showed that the short-term effect of rTMS treatment for the MAS was better than that of the control treatment (95% CI: -1.27 to -0.25, p = 0.004); and compared with the control group, the effect of rTMS treatment for the H/M ratio showed a significant effect (95% CI: -0.12 to -0.03, p = 0.002); while the treatment effect for the FSS was not significant (95% CI: -4.87 to 1.28, p = 0.25).Our results provide preliminary evidence for the treatment of patients with MS by rTMS, especially for improving spasticity, but further research is needed to evaluate its effects on fatigue.

To understand the evolution and molecular characteristics of Jiangxi H9N2 viruses, we isolated 17 viruses in 2011 and analyzed their characteristics. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that their hemagglutinin genes originate from JS/1/00‐like sublineage, neuraminidase genes originate from BJ/94‐like sublineage, PB1, PA, NP, and NS genes all come from SH/F/98‐like sublineage, PB2 genes originate from ST/163/04‐like sublineage, while M genes come from G1‐like sublineage. Genotype analysis showed that our isolates were classified as genotype 57. Molecular analyses indicated that our strains contained specific sites characteristic of low‐pathogenic viruses. The current study once again highlights the necessity for continued surveillance of novel H9N2 viruses.

A robust, safe, and scalable process for the synthesis of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile is described. All of the intermediates in the process are storable under normal conditions. Significant process safety evaluation was undertaken in this route, and the highlights of these studies are presented. This scalable and safe synthetic strategy can be applied for multikilogram-scale production.

The resources of animal medicinal materials have gradually attracted the attention of people around the world, however, the increase of heavy metals in animal medicine possesses a serious threat to human health. A multi-channel analysis technique with high accuracy and sensitivity become more urgent and necessary, particularly in such complex animal matrix which contains various interference components. Here, a multi-channel analysis strategy for the detection of As (Ⅲ), total Cu and Hg at trace level in Bombyx batryticatus was established by using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) on prepared Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) combined with four different purification procedures. Firstly, a nano-sized uniform spherical AuNPs material was electro-deposited onto a bare Au substrate, which leads to the enhancement of effective working area at 6.98% after modification. Secondly, the animal matrix was purified by electrochemical deposition (ED) and special removal materials for the methodology study in positive samples, which proved that above purification procedure can reduce interference and lower the current baseline of Bombyx batryticatus matrix successfully. Thirdly, the electrochemical property of As (Ⅲ), Cu and Hg was obtained successfully, and the validation result was demonstrated that the intensity of the significant anodic peaks of As, Cu and Hg at −0.045 V, 0.177 V and 0.322 V were proportional (R2 = 0.9996, 0.9929, 0.9987) to their concentrations in the purified sample solution in the range of 0.01–0.10 mg L−1, with a satisfactory recovery rate (97.50%–103.00%) and detection limits (0.0004 mg L−1, 0.0013 mg L−1 and 0.0035 mg L−1). Therefore, the proposed SWASV technique combined with purification procedure would have wide application prospect especially on the online monitoring of multiple heavy metals in other animal drugs.