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Hipertensão arterial e diabetes são condições que frequentemente estão presentes de forma conjunta e ambas são consideradas fatores de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Desta forma, mudanças nos hábitos de vida, como a atividade física, podem ser determinantes para melhores prognósticos de saúde. O presente artigo objetivou evidenciar a importância da atividade física para pessoas com hipertensão e/ou diabetes através da discussão com a literatura científica. Trata-se de um delineamento metodológico de revisão da literatura do tipo narrativa, com reflexão teórica sobre a atividade física para pessoas com hipertensão e/ou diabetes. Conclui-se, que evidências da literatura apontam que a atividade física é uma forma de tratamento não medicamentoso extremamente relevante para o tratamento da hipertensão e/ou diabetes., Keywords: physical activity; arterial hypertension; diabetes mellitus. more...

Background: Chronic pain is a frequent health problem, causing 6.8% of the Disability-Adjusted Life Years lost. Spine is the most affected region, which compromises functionality and generates absenteeism, increased health care costs, and disability retirement rates. Based on the biopsychosocial model, it is believed that chronic spinal problems are the result of a complex network of factors, both individual and contextual. Method: This is a cross-sectional study, with data from the 2013 National Health Survey, the United Nations Development Programme, and the National Register of Health Establishments - state level - for the second and third level of aggregation, respectively. Multilevel Poisson regression was performed at 3 levels, with the first level being individual variables, the second added context variables, and the third added health program variables. Results: The prevalence of chronic back problems was 18.5% (95%CI 17.8;19.1), with higher prevalence in female gender (RP = 1.23; 95%CI1.15;1.30), aged above 49 years (RP = 1.75; 95%CI 1.61;1.90), performing heavy activities at work (RP = 1.37; 95%CI 1.28;1.46), depressive days (RP = 1.70; 95%CI 1.50;1.94), smokers (RP = 1.37; 95%CI 1.27;1.48) and in states with higher coefficient of Multiprofessional Teams in Primary Care per 100. 000 habitants (PR = 1.28; 95%CI 1.07; 1.54). Conclusion: Spine chronic problems were associated with biological and behavioral factors, besides the association with higher coefficient of Multiprofessional Teams in Primary Care in Brazilian municipalities. more...

Background: Shoulder subluxation is a common complication of cerebral vascular accident (stroke) and the use of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) within the rehabilitation process is extremely important. Objective: To analyze the therapeutic effects of FES in the treatment of chronic shoulder subluxation in post-stroke patients. Method: This is a case study of patients with radiologically subluxation confirmed, who were randomly divided into two groups: Control Group (CG) and Treatment Group (TG). Patients were assessed before and after treatment and at the 2-month follow-up. The assessment consisted of the modified Ashworth scale; passive goniometry; Fugl-Meyer scale; McGill pain questionnaire and evaluation of shoulder subluxation by radiography. The CG did not receive physiotherapeutic intervention; and TG underwent 20 sessions of motor kinesiotherapy and FES associated with functional exercises with a total duration of 1 hour, three times a week, for 7 weeks. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results: The mean age of CG participants was 82.5 ± 1.5 years and of the TG was 70.5 ± 13.5 years. All of them were retired, sedentary, non-smokers/alcoholics and had hemiparesis on the left side. There was an approximate increase of 10o for most joint movements of the shoulder, improvement in McGill scale scores and reduction of shoulder subluxation in TG patients. Conclusion: FES associated with functional movements was effective in reducing the degree of subluxation of the shoulder joint and decreased pain in subjectsin the chronic phase of the post-stroke. more...

Knee pain can impact the performance of activities and sports participation in children. Dynamic knee valgus is a movement pattern commonly related to health conditions that may be associated with sex and foot kinematics in children.To assess the prevalence of dynamic knee valgus and its relationship with foot mobility, sex, and knee pain in children.A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with 144 children (10-18 years old). The pain level was investigated using the Visual Analog Pain Scale and categorized into no pain/minor pain (≤2 cm), moderate pain (3-4,9 cm), and severe pain (≥5.0 cm). Foot mobility was assessed using the adapted navicular drop test and categorized into poor/adequate foot mobility (0.0 cm-0.9 cm) and greater foot mobility (≥1.0 cm). The dynamic knee valgus presence was checked using the step-down test. The association analysis was performed using simple tabulation considering the cluster effect. The Prevalence Ratios and the respective confidence intervals (95%) were estimated from Multiple Poisson Regression with robust variance. A significance level of 5% was adopted.The dynamic knee valgus prevalence was 26.3% and 26.9% in the right and left lower limbs, respectively. Females presented greater dynamic knee valgus frequency in the left lower limb than males. The dynamic knee valgus presence in males was associated with foot mobility in right (Male and female children showed different relationships of the analyzed factors, suggesting that characteristics related to sex may impact the aspects linked to dynamic knee in children. more...

This study assesses the relationship between biopsychosocial factors and limitations in activities of daily living (ADL) in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Individual data from the National Health Survey were analyzed, with a sample size of 839 participants. The outcome was dichotomous, presenting limitations in ADL, and the factors considered were clinical and health characteristics, self-perceived behavior, contextual social support, and housing. Cox regression was applied to control the interaction between factors, using the prevalence ratio as a measure of effect and a significance level of 5%. A total of 839 individuals with CKD were reported, of which 373 (40.7%: 35.4 - 46.1%) reported having limitations in ADL. The presence of limitations in ADL was related to residing in a rural area, as well as to the absence of private health insurance, worse self-perceived health, presence of depressive symptoms, and disabilities, in addition to the use of medications and hemodialysis. Limitations in ADL in individuals with CKD are associated with biopsychosocial factors in the Brazilian population, requiring public policies that enable better therapeutic management and support for behavioral health and contextual needs. more...

PURPOSE: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which presents a big prevalence in the world and several patients with this condition fail to respond to the available treatments. There is a huge unmet clinical need for the development of new therapeutic approaches for this condition. This study aims to evaluate the effects of anodal tDCS on Quality of Life and physical fitness in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. METHODS: A pilot, parallel, sham, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted with twenty patients. Five consecutive sessions of C3/Fp2 tDCS montage were performed. To assess the primary outcome Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) was used. Physical fitness level, according to lower and upper body strength, flexibility, Time Up and Go Test (TUG) and Six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) were measured as secondary outcomes. The measures were performed at 3 different times (baseline, 1st and 2nd weeks). RESULTS: SF-36 increased throughout the protocol, but no difference between groups were found. However, there was a significant difference between groups at 1st and 2nd weeks, which shows a permanent growth in the active-tDCS group. Physical health and functioning, functional capacity and bodily pain showed significant improvements in active-tDCS group in 1st and 2nd weeks during inter-group analysis. Emotional scores showed significant interaction group-time with interaction effects only for active-group in 1st and 2nd weeks. TUG and 6MWT showed significant improvements only in active-tDCS group. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that five sessions of anodal M1 tDCS improves QoL and functionality of patients with diabetic polyneuropathy. more...

Objective The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of five consecutive sessions of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the motor cortex (M1) on pain, mood, and physical performance in patients with primary dysmenorrhea (PDM). Design This is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Subjects Twenty-two participants with PDM according to the No. 345-PDM Consensus Guideline were included. Methods Eleven active treatment and 11 sham stimulation patients received five applications over a one-week period. The primary outcome measures were pain evaluated by numeric rating scale (NRS) and McGill Questionnaire score. Secondary outcomes measures were responses to the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), grip strength, and six-minute walk test (6MWT). Baseline data were performed during the first menstrual cycle, and during the second menstrual cycle, participants were conducted to tDCS treatment, and postintervention data were collected. Results The intervention provided significant improvements on NRS in active tDCS, shown as an interaction between group intervention vs pre/postintervention vs days of menstrual cycle (Wald x2 = 10.54, P = 0.005), main effect of days of menstrual cycle (Wald x2 = 25.42, P < 0.001), and pre/postintervention (Wald x2 = 6.97, P = 0.008). McGill showed an interaction effect between pre/postintervention and group of stimulation (Wald x2 = 18.45, P = 0.001), with a large reduction in active tDCS (P < 0.001, d = 0.75). Psychological and functional outcomes did not differ between groups or pre/postintervention. Conclusions tDCS could provide pain relief in subjects with PDM. These results provide some preliminary evidence for the potential role of tDCS as a contributor to the management of symptoms of PDM. more...

Introdução: Complicações diabéticas são condições preveníveis em sua maioria, sendo o pé diabético uma das mais comuns. O manejo adequado do pé diabético mitiga eventos incapacitantes e maiores gastos ao sistema de saúde. As intervenções efetivas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) possibilitam prevenir as complicações diabéticas. Objetivo: Analisar a tendência das complicações do pé diabético e sua relação com a cobertura da APS nas capitais brasileiras, entre 2008 e 2018. Métodos: Estudo ecológico de séries temporais das incidências acumuladas de complicações do pé diabético nas 27 capitais utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Hipertensos e Diabéticos. As variáveis independentes foram ano, cobertura da APS e da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Empregou-se modelo de regressão de Prais-Winsten. Resultados: No Brasil, ocorreram 45.095 casos de complicações do pé diabético no período, com média de 0,57 casos/100.000 habitantes (p0,05) e crescente em 13 capitais (p more...

Objetivo: verificar se determinantes de saude e habitos estao relacionados a adesao terapeutica hemodialitica na regiao de Paulo Afonso-BA. Metodos: estudo observacional, transversal e analitico. Amostra de 200 pacientes adultos de ambos os sexos, de areas rurais e urbanas da regiao, portadores de DRC e que faziam hemodialise ha mais de tres meses. Resultados: foi identificada associacao entre as pessoas que consomem/consumiam alcool e a nao adesao a hemodialise. Verificou-se que o consumo de alcool e a nao adesao a hemodialise e maior em mulheres que moram na zona urbana do que as de zona rural. Discussao: os achados tem relacao com outros estudos, em relacao a predominância do sexo masculino, de moradores da zona urbana, ao consumo de alcool e a nao adesao a hemodialise maior em mulheres da zona urbana. Conclusoes: entre os pacientes que realizam hemodialise, ha mais homens que mulheres, e mais da zona urbana que rural da regiao de Paulo Afonso. O consumo de bebidas alcoolicas e a nao adesao ao tratamento e maior em mulheres que moram na zona urbana. Descritores: Insuficiencia Renal Cronica; Dialise Renal; Area Urbana; Zona Rural; Genero e Saude; Cooperacao e Adesao ao Tratamento. more...

Background:A study estimated the biopsychosocial factors related to active physical behavior in the Brazilian population with and without chronic non-transmissible disease (CNCD).Methodology: Cross-sectional study of the National Health Survey (NHS) in Brazil, with 60,202 individuals. The outcome was physically active behavior. The independent variables were social characteristics, lifestyle and health. Cox regression was applied to estimate the prevalence ratio (PR).Results: 29,666 (48.3%; 95% CI: 47.0–50.0) reported having CNCD. Not being a smoker or alcoholic, living in an urban area, having informal social support, you are in class A, high schooling as well as paid work are more associated with active lifestyle in both groups. However, in the group without CNCD, the female sex, having some disability and not having private health insurance were more associated with sedentary behavior, while in the group with CNCD, being elderly, white and not having restful sleep are associated with sedentary lifestyle.Conclusion: People with and without CNCD in Brazil have very close active behavior, however, some biopsychosocial factors such as: sex, age, lifestyle, socioeconomic level are unevenly associated with the active lifestyle in the groups. Thus, therapeutic or preventive proposals as well as public policies for health promotion must observe these distinctions when elaborating their actions. more...

Low- and moderate-impact physical activity (PA) is associated with the prevention of urinary incontinence (UI). The objective of the cross-sectional study presented herein is to analyze the factors associated with UI in physically older active women who participate in senior community groups. The variable UI was measured by the International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF). Socioeconomic variables were also collected, along with data on life habits and clinical history. The multivariate analysis employed Poisson’s Regression with robust variance for factors associated with UI. Of the 106 participants evaluated, 54.7% presented UI, of which stress incontinence was more frequent, with 40.6%. UI presented a statistically significant association with dizziness/loss of balance during Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (prevalence ratio-PR 1.48, 95% CI 1.06–2.07) and nocturia (PR 1.63, 95% CI 1.05–2.55). Despite PA being a protection factor, UI presented an elevated prevalence in the older population, and therefore, other biological, social, and cultural aspects could also contribute to the occurrence of UI in this age group. Moreover, physically active older women with UI presented nocturia and dizziness/loss of balance during ADL, regardless of education levels and the number of births. These findings can help improve multi-professional programs aimed at promoting, preventing, and managing UI in the public. more...

Resumo Objetivo Determinar a concordância entre os instrumentos de mensuração short test of functional health literacy in adults (S-TOFHLA) e short assessment of health literacy for Portuguese-speaking adults (SAHLPA-18) como estratégia para estimar a validade concorrente. Métodos Estudo transversal, com usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para testar a validade concorrente, aplicou-se abordagem de concordância com teste de Kappa ponderado para dados qualitativos. Resultados Participaram 372 indivíduos, dos quais 66% e 62% não apresentaram nível de letramento adequado, segundo o SAHLPA-18 e o S-TOFHLA, respectivamente. Observou-se correlação forte entre os instrumentos (p more...

To determine agreement between the Short Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and the Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Portuguese-speaking Adults (SAHLPA-18) measurement instruments as a strategy for estimating concurrent validity.This was a cross-sectional study conducted with users of the Brazilian National Health System. An agreement approach using a weighted Kappa test for qualitative data was applied in order to test for concurrent validity.372 individuals participated. It was found that 66% and 62% of them did not have an adequate level of literacy according to SAHLPA-18 and S-TOFHLA, respectively. There was strong correlation between the instruments (p0.001; r=0.60), although the 65.3% agreement of correct answers found was considered weak (Kappa=0.35; p0.001).The SAHLPA-18 and S-TOFHLA instruments have different constructs and poor agreement. Use of different instruments is indicated in research intended to measure level of literacy, as is the development of instruments specific to health conditions that allow results close to the real context of individuals to be obtained.Determinar a concordância entre os instrumentos de mensuração short test of functional health literacy in adults (S-TOFHLA) e short assessment of health literacy for Portuguese-speaking adults (SAHLPA-18) como estratégia para estimar a validade concorrente.Estudo transversal, com usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde. Para testar a validade concorrente, aplicou-se abordagem de concordância com teste de Kappa ponderado para dados qualitativos.Participaram 372 indivíduos, dos quais 66% e 62% não apresentaram nível de letramento adequado, segundo o SAHLPA-18 e o S-TOFHLA, respectivamente. Observou-se correlação forte entre os instrumentos (p0,001; r=0,60); e a concordância de acertos encontrada, 65,3% (Kappa=0,35; p0,001), foi considerada fraca.Os instrumentos SAHLPA-18 e S-TOFHLA apresentam constructos diferentes e fraca concordância. É indicado o uso de diferentes instrumentos em pesquisas de mensuração do nível de letramento; e desenvolvimento de instrumentos específicos às condições de saúde que permitam obter resultado próximo ao real contexto dos indivíduos.Determinar la concordancia entre instrumentos de medición psicométrica short test of functional health literacy in adults (S-TOFHLA) y short assessment of health literacy for portuguese-speaking adults (SAHLPA-18) como estrategia para estimar la validez concurrente.estudio transversal realizado con usuarios del Sistema Único de Salud. Para testear la validez concurrente se aplicó un enfoque de concordancia con una prueba ponderada de Kappa para datos cualitativos.participaron 372 individuos. Se encontró que 66% y 62% de estos no tenía un nivel adecuado de letramiento según SAHLPA-18 y S-TOFHLA, respectivamente. Hubo una fuerte correlación entre los instrumentos (p0.001; r=0.60), sin embargo 65.3% de concordancia, se consideró débil (Kappa=0.35; p0.001).Los instrumentos SAHLPA-18 y S-TOFHLA tienen diferentes construcciones y escasa concordancia. En la investigación se indica el uso de diferentes instrumentos para medir el nivel de letramiento y el desarrollo de instrumentos específicos a las condiciones de salud que permitan obtener resultados cercanos al contexto real de los individuos. more...

Objetivo: estimar a tendência do peso ao nascer e a sua relação com fatores determinantes no estado de Alagoas, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico de série temporal cuja amostra foi composta pelos nascidos vivos no Estado de Alagoas no período de 1998 a 2018. A fonte de dados foi o Sistema de Informações sobre nascidos vivos. Os dados foram coletados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foram coletados dados referentes ao peso ao nascer, características sociodemográficas maternas e relacionadas à gestação. Na análise de dados utilizou-se o método de regressão polinomial linear e adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Foram analisados 1.199.161 nascidos vivos, dos quais 85.375 (7,1%) estavam com baixo peso ao nascer (BPN). A taxa mais elevada de BPN ocorreu em 2013 (7,6%). Nascidos vivos de mães com idade ≥35 anos apresentaram uma tendência crescente de BPN com aumento médio anual de 13,4% dos nascimentos com BPN (p more...

Com o intuito de revitalizar um evento marcante naformação acadêmica de vários fisioterapeutas da Paraí­ba,hoje já graduados e atuantes, o Centro Acadêmico ElianePinto promove a V Interação Paraibana dos Acadêmicos deFisioterapia (V IPAF).O V IPAF ocorrerá nos dias 4, 5 e 6 de junho de 2010na cidade de Campina Grande-PB no auditório do CCBS- UEPB. O evento terá a participação de renomes da Fisioterapiaparaibana assim como de outros Estados.Dentro do contexto atual da necessidade cada vez maiorde divulgar as produções cientí­ficas que respaldam a atuaçãodo profi ssional da Fisioterapia e promover uma formação maiscoesa e corporativista dos componentes desta categoria, o VIPAF terá a fi nalidade de integrar os acadêmicos paraibanosperante essas perspectivas, buscando criar uma nova mentalidadee um novo perfil de fisioterapeuta.Dessa forma, tanto os acadêmico como profissionais poderãocongregar-se nesta iniciativa, obtendo valiosa formaçãocientí­fica e polí­tica, as quais refl etirão no reconhecimentosocial e representatividade como categoria profissional. Alémdisso, a população torna-se também beneficiária do evento,partindo do pressuposto de que ela é o lócus de atuação daFisioterapia e que a presença de profissionais qualifi cadostorna-se fundamental para o seu bem-estar. more...

Introdução: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é um problema de saúde pública com altos níveis de morbimortalidade apresentando como sinais clínicos característicos a fadiga e dispneia precoce que geram limitações funcionais. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da ventilação não invasiva (VNI) na capacidade funcional de portadores de insuficiência cardíaca estável com fração de ejeção normal, avaliada através do teste da caminhada de seis minutos em esteira (TC6est). Métodos: Após a avaliação das provas de função pulmonar, os pacientes com IC estudados foram submetidos aos seguintes testes: 3 TC6est (uso prévio da VNI por 30 minutos, com uso da VNI durante o teste e sem uso da VNI) e a um teste de caminhada de 6 minutos em solo (TC6’). Nós comparamos a distância percorrida e variáveis cardiorrespiratórias: antes, durante e após os testes da caminhada. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 13 pacientes com IC classe funcional II e III (NYHA). Na prova de função pulmonar 3 participantes apresentaram distúrbio ventilatório restritivo e 8 pacientes apresentaram redução das pressões respiratórias máximas. Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa na distância percorrida entre os quatro testes realizados (p=0,986). Na análise das variáveis cardiorrespiratórias durante os 3 TC6est pôde-se observar apenas diferença estatística significativa na frequência respiratória no sexto minuto (f6’) entre os testes de 30’ antes de VNI X VNI durante (p=0,026), sendo inferior no teste com a aplicação de VNI durante. Conclusão: Apesar do comprometimento da capacidade funcional e da função pulmonar, os portadores de insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção normal estudados não tiveram aumento da distância percorrida no teste de caminhada em esteira com a utilização do suporte ventilatório não–invasivo. more...

Background: Sleep is a dimension of well-being and health. Non-restful sleep is related to health dysfunctions, especially in vulnerable populations, considering that related factors change contextually. Thus, the objective of the present study was to measure the magnitude of the reduction in sleep restorative function (SRF) and related biopsychosocial factors in Brazilian elderly. Method: Secondary data from the 2013 National Health Survey of cross-sectional design were analyzed. The sample consisted of individuals as from 60 years old. The outcome considered was the prevalence of reduced self-perceived sleep restorative function (SRF). Health and sleep characteristics, emotional behavior, lifestyle, social support, and urbanization were all investigated. The association with outcome was measured with the prevalence ratio (PR) and estimated with Cox regression, assuming α ≤ 0.05. Results: SRF was reduced by 29.2% (95%CI 27.2 - 30.6%). It is related to depression (PR = 3.37; 95%CI 2.87 - 3.97), insomnia/sleepiness (PR = 2.45; 95%CI 2.14 - 2.79); behavioral oscillation (PR = 1.75; 95%CI 1.53 - 1.99), negative health perception (PR = 1.50; 95%CI 1.23 - 1.82), computer and internet (PR = 1.44; 95%CI 1.01 - 2.07) and functional difficulty (PR = 1.13; 95%CI 1.01 - 1.27). Living in urban areas (PR = 1.32; 95%CI 1.14 - 1.52) and having a chronic condition (PR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.11 - 2.40) were only associated to the worst situation of reduced SRF. Conclusion: The reduction in SRF affects one third of the elderly in Brazil and is closely related to biopsychosocial factors, requiring intersectoral public health promotion approaches. RESUMO: Introdução: O sono é uma dimensão do bem-estar e da saúde. Um sono não reparador relaciona-se com disfunções de saúde, principalmente em populações vulneráveis, à medida que os fatores relacionados mudam contextualmente. Assim, objetivou-se mensurar a magnitude da redução da função reparadora do sono (FRS) e os fatores biopsicossociais relacionados em idosos brasileiros. Método: Foram analisados dados secundários da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2013, de delineamento transversal. A amostra constituiu-se de indivíduos a partir de 60 anos. O desfecho considerado foi a prevalência de redução da função restaurativa do sono (FRS) autorreferida. Características de saúde e sono, comportamento emocional, hábitos de vida, suporte social e urbanização tiveram suas relações investigadas. A associação com desfecho foi medida pela razão de prevalência (RP) e estimada pela regressão de Cox, assumindo α ≤ 0,05. Resultados: A FRS estava reduzida em 29,2% (intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 27,2 - 30,6%). Ela está relacionada à depressão (RP = 3,37; IC95% 2,87 - 3,97), insônia/sonolência (RP = 2,45; IC95% 2,14 - 2,79); oscilação comportamental (RP = 1,75; IC95% 1,53 - 1,99), percepção negativa de saúde (RP = 1,50; IC95% 1,23 - 1,82), computador e internet (RP = 1,44; IC95% 1,01 - 2,07) e dificuldade funcional (RP = 1,13; IC95% 1,01 - 1,27). Viver em áreas urbanas (RP = 1,32; IC95% 1,14 - 1,52) e ter condição crônica (RP = 1,58; IC95% 1,11 - 2,40) associaram-se apenas à pior situação de redução da FRS. Conclusão: A redução da FRS atinge um terço dos idosos no Brasil e está intimamente relacionada a fatores biopsicossociais, exigindo abordagens de políticas públicas intersetoriais de promoção de saúde. more...

Resumo Os objetivos foram confirmar a validade do Guedes Tool, instrumento para avaliação do apoio social informal (ASI) para idosos, e estimar sua acurácia. Foi realizada análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) com avaliação dos índices CFI, RMSEA e relação do qui-quadrado (X2) com graus de liberdade (gl). Para análise de acurácia foi verificada a área sob a curva ROC, valores de sensibilidade (S), especificidade (E), valor preditivo positivo (VP+), valor preditivo negativo (VP-) e o Índice J de Younder (J) para confirmar o melhor ponto de corte. A coleta de dados ocorreu com idosos de Natal e região metropolitana em 2018. Os critérios de inclusão foram: ter 60 anos ou mais, com níveis cognitivos preservados. Duzentos e seis idosos participaram do estudo de AFC e 197 participaram da análise de acurácia. As estimativas dos índices avaliados na AFC foram: X2/gl=1,33, RMSEA=0,04 (IC95% 0,025-0,054) e CFI=0,91. A curva ROC obteve área de 0,78 (IC95: 0,72-0,85; p more...

Background SARS-CoV-2 causes the new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and it is weakening all health systems. Therefore, the most vulnerable populations are exposed to harmful consequences, such as illness and death. Thus, this study aims to estimate the temporal effect of COVID-19 dissemination on social indicators of the Northeastern region of Brazil. Methods An ecological time-series study was developed with the following: diagnosed cases of COVID-19 in the largest inland cities of Northeast Brazil, Human Development Index (HDI), poverty incidence, and Gini coefficient. Cities with high HDI, poverty rate, and Gini presented a larger number of patients. Results It was observed by evaluating case trends that COVID-19 spreads unevenly in inland cities of the Northeastern region of Brazil. Conclusions In this sense, we emphasize that regional health managers should support small cities with vulnerable population and social assistance. more...

[Purpose] To estimate the effect of Klapp method on idiopathic scoliosis in school students. [Subjects and Methods] A single-blind randomized clinical trial with 22 students randomly divided into intervention group (n=12) and inactive control group (n=10). Exercise protocol consisted of Klapp method, 20 sessions, three times a week for intervention group, and inactivity for control group. Dorsal muscle strength was measured by dynamometer; body asymmetries and gibbosity angles were measured by biophotogrammetry. Data were obtained by Generalized Estimated Equation, with 5% significance level. Clinical impact for dependent variables was estimated by “d” Cohen. [Results] There was no change in intragroup analysis and intergroup for all postural symmetry variables. However, it was detected intergroup difference in extensor muscle strength and intergroup difference with marginal significance of gibbosity angles. Regarding extensor muscle strength, intervention group produced average improvement of 7.0 kgf compared to control group. Gibbosity angles progressed less in intervention group, with 5.71° average delay compared to control group. [Conclusion] Klapp method was effective for gibbosity stabilization and it improves spine extensor muscle strength. more...

Arboviral diseases have been considered a global public health problem due to their growing territorial dispersion and impact on the population around the world. Individuals affected by the chikungunya virus go through an acute febrile illness associated with severe pain and long-lasting polyarthralgia. After the initial stage, infected individuals may progress to the chronic stage, which has an epidemic character and a high rate of disability and reduced mobility, impacting negatively on their quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain, functional capacity, and kinesiophobia in individuals in the chronic stage of chikungunya virus infection. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Natal, in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, between July and September 2018. The participants were 59 women in the chronic stage of chikungunya virus infection. Data were collected in at physical therapy outpatient clinic of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), using a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis of the time data were conducted by simple regression. The participants' mean age was just over 50 years and average duration of virus infection was 21.54 months. Most participants had moderate to severe pain intensity that more frequent in the ankle and wrist joints. Functional capacity was low, and there was moderate fear of performing exercises and activities of daily living. Duration of infection was associated with increased pain intensity and loss of functional capacity. We can conclude that women in the chronic stage of chikungunya infection have significant pain, reduced functional capacity, and fear of performing common movements of daily living. more...

RESUMO: Objetivo: O estudo avaliou a tendência de hospitalização por acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico (HAVEI) e a sua mortalidade hospitalar no Brasil nos últimos 15 anos, assim como o impacto do programa Hiperdia nesse cenário. Métodos: Delineou-se um estudo ecológico com abordagem analítica e dados coletados no Sistema de Internação Hospitalar sobre episódios de AVEI, referentes aos anos de 1998 a 2012. Todos os dados foram estratificados por sexo e faixa etária, criando-se um indicador para HAVEI e proporção de mortalidade hospitalar. A fim de estimar a tendência dos dados criou-se uma curva polinomial de melhor aderência e para a averiguar o impacto do Hiperdia aplicou-se o Modelo Linear Generalizado tomados como desfecho a HAVEI e a mortalidade hospitalar. Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5% para minimizar um erro tipo I. Resultados: Foi evidenciada redução das HAVEI de 37,57/105 habitantes em 1998 a 2001 para 10,33/105 habitantes em 2002 a 2005, declinando 73,64%. A redução aconteceu em ambos os sexos, assim como para todas as faixas etárias. A mortalidade hospitalar por AVEI também declinou no Brasil a partir de 2002, tanto em homens como em mulheres, porém em menos de 3% e apenas nas faixas entre 0 e 14 anos e acima de 80 anos não detectamos tendência. Conclusão: Portanto, o declínio das HAVEI coincidiu temporalmente com a implementação do Hiperdia no ano de 2002 e essa tendência se mantém até hoje. ABSTRACT: Objective: The study evaluated the trend of hospitalization for ischemic stroke (HIS) and its hospital mortality in Brazil over the last 15 years as well as the impact of the Hiperdia program in this scenario. Methods: An ecological study was designed with analytical approach and data collected in the Hospital Admission System on episodes of stroke, over the years 1998 to 2012. All data were stratified by sex and age, creating an indicator for HIS and proportion of hospital mortality. To estimate the trend of the data a polynomial curve fitting was created; and the Generalized Linear Model was applied to investigate the impact of Hiperdia on the endpoint HIS and hospital mortality. We adopted a 5% significance level to minimize an error type I. Results: We observed a reduction of HIS from 37.57/105 inhabitants in 1998 to 2001 to 10.33/105 inhabitants in 2002 to 2005, declining 73.64%. The reduction occurred in both sexes and for all age groups. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke also declined in Brazil since 2002, in both men and women, therefore in less than 3%; and only in the groups aged between 0 and 14 and above 80 years, we did not detect trend. Conclusion: Therefore, the decline of HIS temporally coincided with the implementation of Hiperdia in 2002 and this trend continues today. more...

RESUMO O presente estudo relata a experiência da aplicação do Exame Clínico Objetivo Estruturado (do inglês Objective Structured Clinical Examination – Osce) em um curso de Fisioterapia e demonstrar a confiabilidade interexaminador dos instrumentos de avaliação da simulação de atendimento fisioterapêutico. Participaram do estudo 29 estudantes regularmente matriculados no sétimo período do curso de Fisioterapia da Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (Facisa/UFRN). Foram elaboradas quatro estações de casos clínicos referentes à área de aparelho locomotor; para cada estação, havia um instrumento de avaliação da simulação do atendimento fisioterapêutico com as opções de resposta “sim”, “não” e “insuficiente”, com avaliação realizada por dois docentes em cada estação. O aluno teve sete minutos em cada estação para realizar a tarefa clínica, sendo que quatro alunos foram avaliados simultaneamente. Houve diferença significativa na distribuição de notas entre as estações 1 e 2 (p < 0,001) e 1 e 3 (p = 0,001). Verificou-se confiabilidade interexaminador excelente nas estações 1 (CCI = 0,89), 2 (CCI = 0,99) e 3 (CCI = 0,99), enquanto na estação 4 a confiabilidade interexaminador foi satisfatória (CCI = 0,73). Dessa forma, os achados indicam que o Osce na prática fisioterapêutica possui confiabilidade interexaminador de satisfatória a excelente, independentemente do perfil de ensino-aprendizagem e do instrumento de avaliação adotado, podendo ser um método útil para o processo avaliativo da formação profissional em saúde. more...

Objectives : To analyze the accuracy of the 2 minute step test in the diagnosis of the normal functional capacity (FC) of hypertensive elderly individuals or hypertensive elderly individuals with other associated chronic conditions (ACC). Methods : An observational diagnosis type study of 101 subjects, 41 of whom were hypertensive and 60 of whom were normotensive, was carried out. Receiver Operating Characteristic curves (ROC) were constructed based on the normal FC variable. Results : For hypertensive patients, the 2MST, with an under the ROC curve area of 0.7 (95% CI: 0.50 to 0.87, p = 0.04), proved to be accurate at diagnosing FC. Among hypertensive individuals with an elevation of 69, sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 54% were observed. The 2MST was accurate at predicting normal FC among hypertensive patients with ACC, with an under the ROC curve area of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.69 to 1.00, p= 0.02). With an elevation of 65 the sensitivity was 83% and the specificity was 67%. Conclusions : The 2MST revealed good sensitivity and specificity when assessing the FC of elderly hypertensive individuals and elderly hypertensive patients with ACC, which was not the case among normotensive elderly persons. Objetivos : Analisar a acurácia do teste de marcha estacionária de 2 minutos (TME2') em diagnosticar a capacidade funcional (CF) normal para indivíduos idosos hipertensos ou idosos hipertensos com outras condições crônicas associadas (CCA). Método : Estudo transversal, observacional do tipo diagnóstico, com 101 sujeitos, sendo 41 hipertensos e 60 normotensos. Foi construído curvas de Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), tendo como variável de estado a CF normal. Resultados : Para os hipertensos, o TME2', com área sob a curva ROC de 0,7 (IC95%: 0,50 a 0,87; p=0,04), mostrou-se ser acurada em diagnosticar a CF. Entre hipertensos em 69 elevações, observou-se uma sensibilidade de 80% e especificidade de 54%. Para os hipertensos com CCA, observamos acurácia do TME2' em predizer CF normal, com área sob a curva ROC de 0,88 (IC95%: 0,69 a 1,00; p=0,02). Em 65 elevações, obteve sensibilidade de 83% e especificidade de 67%. Conclusões : O TME2' mostrou boa sensibilidade e especificidade para avaliar a CF de idosos hipertensos e hipertensos com CCA, o que não ocorreu entre os idosos normotensos. more...

Background The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and to analyze the factors associated with scoliosis in schoolchildren aged between 7 and 17 years. Methods This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study with stratified random selection of public school students in the city of Santa Cruz, Brazil. The presence of scoliosis was examined, as well as the flexibility of the posterior muscle chain, socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometry, lifestyle habits, sexual maturation, and ergonomics of school furniture. In order to identify factors associated with scoliosis, the variables were divided in biological, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and ergonomic factors, and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated by means of Poisson regression analysis. Results Two hundred and twelve pupils participated in this study (mean age 11.61 years, 58% female). The prevalence of scoliosis was 58.1% (n = 123) and associated with female sex (PR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.33-4.86) and age between 13 and 15 years (PR 5.35; 95% CI, 2.17-13.21). Sleeping in a hammock was inversely associated with scoliosis (PR 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23-0.81). Conclusions Scoliosis seems to be positively associated with female sex and age between 13 and 15 years, whereas the habit of sleeping in a hammock is negatively associated with the onset of scoliosis. more...

Taking care of life habits in hypertensive people becomes an imperative to improve blood pressure control and avoid damage. However, it is known that healthy behaviors can have a large influence on the social context. Based on this, we aimed to measure the effect of social constraints on the more...

The scope of the study was to evaluate patient safety culture and associated factors in Brazilian hospitals with different types of management, namely federal, state and private hospitals. The design was cross-sectional and observational. A survey of 1576 professionals at three hospitals of Rio Grande do Norte state was performed using the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture adapted for Brazil, which measures 12 dimensions of safety culture. Perceptions are described by attributing a general result (Range 0-10) and the percentage of positive responses to estimate their strengths and weaknesses. The response rate was 13.6% (n= 215). The patient safety coefficient was between 7 and 10 for 78.1% of the respondents, whereby the highest average grade was attributed to the private hospital (8.32). It has been estimated that the type of hospital management, unit service, position and number of adverse event notifications are associated with the overall patient safety grade (p0.001). Only the private hospital had strengths in the dimensions analyzed, while the weaknesses appeared in all the hospitals.O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a cultura de segurança do paciente e fatores associados em hospitais brasileiros com diferentes tipos de gestão: federal, estadual e privado. O desenho foi observacional transversal. Enviaram-se 1576 questionários aos profissionais de três hospitais do estado do Rio Grande do Norte, utilizando o Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, adaptado para o Brasil, que mede 12 dimensões da cultura de segurança. As percepções são descritas através de uma nota geral (0 a 10) e dos percentuais de respostas positivas para estimar fortalezas e fragilidades em cada dimensão. A taxa de resposta foi de13,6% (n = 215). A segurança do paciente teve nota entre 7 e 10, para 78,1% dos respondentes, sendo a maior média das notas apresentada pelo hospital privado (8,32). O tipo de gestão hospitalar, unidade de serviço, cargo e quantidade de notificação de eventos adversos estiveram associados à nota geral da segurança do paciente (p0,001). Apenas o hospital privado apresentou fortalezas nas dimensões analisadas, enquanto que as fragilidades apareceram em todos os hospitais. more...

EEG is a popular, low-cost examination used in neurologic and nonneurologic evaluations. Nevertheless, the diagnostic usefulness of EEG has some limitations, and it may increase medical costs. The manifestations of syncope may lead to misdiagnoses, and frequently, it is mislabeled as epilepsy. An EEG is usually obtained, yet some studies have suggested that EEGs have little value in diagnosing this condition. We aimed to determine the diagnostic usefulness of EEG in patients with syncope. We retrospectively examined EEG recordings of 10,408 patients. EEG findings were evaluated for all patients with a diagnosis of syncope (syncope, convulsive syncope, loss of consciousness, or sudden unexplained falls), including requests from neurologists and nonneurologists. EEGs were classified into (1) normal, (2) epileptiform discharges (spike/sharp waves), and (3) slow waves. The EEGs were separated according to gender and age. From 1,003 patients with the diagnosis of syncope, 899 (89.53%) were normal, 62 (6.18%) showed bilateral slow waves, 19 (1.89%) right slow waves, 18 (1.79%) epileptiform discharges, and 6 (0.6%) left slow waves. Epileptiform discharges only occurred among females. Left focal sharp waves were disclosed in 18 (50%), generalized discharges in 8 (44.4%), and right focal discharges in 1 (5.6%). Bilateral slow waves were more prevalent among adults. We conclude that EEG is not useful for evaluating the diagnosis of syncope because of its very low diagnostic yield. Patients with syncope must have a correct history and physical examination plus cardiovascular tests. more...

Introduction: Child development is a complex process influenced by several factors, among others is highlighted the practice of breastfeeding. Beyond the biological effects, breastfeeding has effects on the social dimension and the psychological apparatus of the actors directly involved. Objective: To analyse the influence of exclusive breastfeeding and associated factors on the neurodevelopment (ND) of children up to 36 months old. Methods: A cross-sectional, community-based study with individuated data of 99 children up to 36 months old, evaluated socio demographic, obstetric and neonatal variables and assessed ND through the Development Monitoring Instrument. The variables were analysed using descriptive statistics and regression testing. Data were considered significant when p more...

The study evaluated the trend of hospitalization for ischemic stroke (HIS) and its hospital mortality in Brazil over the last 15 years as well as the impact of the Hiperdia program in this scenario.An ecological study was designed with analytical approach and data collected in the Hospital Admission System on episodes of stroke, over the years 1998 to 2012. All data were stratified by sex and age, creating an indicator for HIS and proportion of hospital mortality. To estimate the trend of the data a polynomial curve fitting was created; and the Generalized Linear Model was applied to investigate the impact of Hiperdia on the endpoint HIS and hospital mortality. We adopted a 5% significance level to minimize an error type I.We observed a reduction of HIS from 37.57/105 inhabitants in 1998 to 2001 to 10.33/105 inhabitants in 2002 to 2005, declining 73.64%. The reduction occurred in both sexes and for all age groups. The mortality rate of ischemic stroke also declined in Brazil since 2002, in both men and women, therefore in less than 3%; and only in the groups aged between 0 and 14 and above 80 years, we did not detect trend.Therefore, the decline of HIS temporally coincided with the implementation of Hiperdia in 2002 and this trend continues today. more...

This study aims to evaluate the impact of the conditional cash transfer program known as Bolsa Família in overcoming food insecurity. A cohort study was conducted in 2005 and 2011 in a sample of families in São José dos Ramos and Nova Floresta, Paraíba State, Brazil. In 2005, 609 households were interviewed, and in 2011 we located and re-interviewed 406 families. There had been an increase in food security and mild food insecurity and an improvement in socioeconomic indicators. A significant association was observed between higher income and improved food security. The program showed a positive impact by increasing income and providing improved levels of food security and mild food insecurity. Other socioeconomic variables may be contributing to this improvement. The fight against food insecurity and malnutrition thus requires additional policies and programs that act on other determinants. more...

OBJECTIVE: To observe the relationship between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS) and the presence of risk factors for cardiovascular dysfunction, depression and obesity in the elderly. METHODS: We interviewed 168 elderly from the community of Campina Grande, Paraíba. They were selected according to health districts in the period of 2010. We used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale to diagnose excessive daytime sleepiness (> 10 points); waist circumference for the risk of cardiovascular dysfunction (> 94 or > 80 cm); Geriatric Depression Scale for depression (>10 points) and body mass index for obesity (> 25 kg/m2). Association analysis was performed by the Chi-square test adjusted for sex and age group, adopting α < 0.05. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty eight elderly individuals with mean age of 72.34 ± 7.8 years old participated in this study, being 122 (72.6%) women. EDS was identified in 53 (31.5%) of them; depression, in 72 (42.9%); overweight/obesity, in 95 (64.46%); and risk of cardiovascular dysfunction, in 129 (79.6%). Depressed men (78.6%, p = 0.0005) and risk of cardiovascular dysfunction (57.1%, p = 0.02) were more prone to EDS. In women, only obesity was related to sleepiness (42.1%, p = 0.01). Only those aged between 70 - 79 years old showed association between sleepiness and obesity. CONCLUSION: It was found that obesity for women, and depression and cardiovascular dysfunction risking for men were associated with EDS in the elderly. The variable sex is a confusion condition for the association with sleepiness. more...

Objetivo: Comparar o antes e o depois de uma ação de educação postural sobre o conhecimento relativo ao modo de transportar o material escolar, o modo de se sentar e a posição ao dormir de escolares da rede pública e privada do município de Santa Cruz (RN), Brasil. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 200 escolares do 1º ao 5º ano, e a ação, de três atividades: palestra sobre hábitos posturais, peça teatral e paródia educativa. Para comparação antes e após as intervenções, foi aplicado um questionário com figuras ilustrativas das diversas posições que poderiam ser adotadas pelo escolar. Na análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste de Mcnemar (α≤0,05). Resultados: Apenas os alunos da escola privada obtiveram aumento significativo no número de respostas corretas em todas as variáveis observadas: 16% em relação ao transporte do material escolar [55 (67,9%) versus 68 (83,9%)]; 27,5% no modo de sentar [48 (60%) versus 70 (87,5%); χ2=1,905; p more...