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Resume L’augmentation du contour osseux facial — qu’elle soit a visee esthetique ou reconstructrice — fait appel le plus souvent a deux types de techniques chirurgicales : autologues et alloplastiques. A ce titre, differentes therapeutiques chirurgicales ont ete proposees pour permettre des corrections volumetriques secondaires du visage. Materiels et methodes A travers 5 cas cliniques et une revue de la litterature, cet article explore l’utilisation d’implants alloplastiques en titane microporeux pour les corrections volumetriques du visage. Resultats Il n’existe a ce jour que peu de donnees dans la litterature relatives a l’utilisation des implants alloplastiques en titane microporeux pour les corrections volumetriques du visage, ces implants etant principalement utilises dans la reconstruction craniofaciale de defauts osseux post-traumatiques ou post-chirurgicaux. Discussion Les avantages et inconvenients respectifs de ces implants sont discutes, ainsi que l’interet de cette technique dans la pratique chirurgicale.

Explicit recognition measures of statistical learning (SL) suggest that children and adults have similar linguistic SL abilities. However, explicit tasks recruit additional cognitive processes that are not directly relevant for SL and may thus underestimate children's true SL capacities. In contrast, implicit tasks and neural measures of SL should be less influenced by explicit, higher-level cognitive abilities and thus may be better suited to capturing developmental differences in SL. Here, we assessed SL to six minutes of an artificial language in English-speaking children (n = 56, 24 females, M = 9.98 years) and adults (n = 44; 31 females, M = 22.97 years), using explicit and implicit behavioural measures and an EEG measure of neural entrainment. With few exceptions, children and adults showed largely similar performance on the behavioural explicit and implicit tasks, replicating prior work. Children and adults also demonstrated robust neural entrainment to both words and syllables, with a similar time course of word-level entrainment, reflecting learning of the hidden word structure. These results demonstrate that children and adults have similar linguistic SL abilities, even when learning is assessed through implicit performance-based and neural measures.

IntroductionSocial medias are seen as a risk factor for mental health because they increase body dissatisfaction and decrease self-esteem. This program is based on alimentation and physical well-being by relying on integrated intuitive eating and physical self-esteem. This program, implemented in a community setting use social media (i.e. Instagram-Loricorps), is composed of 12 monthly 180-second video capsule that address themes related to the promotion of body sensations and intuitive movement.ObjectivesThe main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of the program into the physical environment targeting the physical self-perceptions (PSP). Specifically, this study evaluates whether the eSILENCE 1.0 Program improves the level of PSP related to nutrition and explores the changes in the level and variability of the PSP.MethodsThis project is a mixed sequential explanatory study. 300 participants (Experimental Group [EG; N=200], Control Group [CG; N=100]) are targeted. Online nomothetic questionnaires evaluate occupational changes and PSP in relation to alimentation and are completed by the EG and the CG at pre-test, mid-test and post-test. Online idiographic questionnaires assess PSP and are completed by the EG before and after each video capsule and by the CG once a month without viewing the capsules. Following a preliminary analysis, a focus group will be formed to explain and deepen these results. Participants (N=5) will be recruited voluntarily into the EG.Resultsto come.ConclusionsAnalysis of quantitative data will be used to assess the effectiveness of the program and analysis of qualitative data will provide an in-depth understanding of the linkages between the variables.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Intérêt de l’indométacine comme traitement d’épreuve des céphalées hémi-faciales : aspects cliniques et pharmacologiques Arek SULUKDJIAN1, Diane NGUYEN2, Vanina LUCIANI3, Audrey CHANLON2, Nathan MOREAU4,5 1- Etudiant en 5ème année de chirurgie dentaire, Faculté de Chirurgie dentaire, Université Paris Descartes 2 - Praticien attaché, consultation de diagnostic et traitement des douleurs chroniques orofaciales, service de médecine bucco- dentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, AP-HP, Paris 3 - Etudiante en 6ème année de chirurgie dentaire, Faculté de Chirurgie dentaire, Université Paris Descartes 4 - Responsable de la consultation de diagnostic et traitement des douleurs chroniques oro-faciales, service de médecine buccodentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, AP-HP, Paris 5 MCU-PH en médecine et chirurgie orale, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université Paris Descartes & Service de Médecine buccodentaire, Hôpital Bretonneau, AP-HP, Paris & Laboratoire de Neurobiologie Oro-Faciale, Université Paris Diderot La région oro- faciale peut être le siège de nombreuses pathologies douloureuses dont certaines d’origine neurovasculaire (migraine) ou trigémino-autonomiques (algie vasculaire de la face, hémicrânie paroxystique) peuvent être de diagnostic difficile, surtout en cas de présentation purement faciale. L’hémicrânie paroxystique (HP) est une céphalée primaire caractérisée par de multiples crises douloureuses unilatérales associées à des troubles autonomiques crânio-faciaux (ICHD3). De prédominance féminine, sa prévalence est estimée à 1/50 000. Son âge moyen d’apparition est en moyenne à 40 ans et touche une population de 5 à 68 ans. La grande particularité de cette pathologie est que son traitement de référence est aussi son principal outil de confirmation diagnostique. En effet, l’HP présente une réponse complète à l’indométacine, ce qui pourrait permettre ainsi d’écarter les autres pathologies douloureuses faciales. Cet AINS a pour particularité d’être le seul à avoir une action spécifique au niveau hypothalamique, dont l’activation serait responsable du tableau céphalalgique dans l’hémicrânie paroxystique. A ce titre, il peut s’avérer un test diagnostique intéressant en cas de douleurs hémifaciales inexpliquées, en particulier si des signes autonomiques sont présents. Il est rapporté trois cas de patients ayant consulté dans la consultation douleurs chroniques orofaciales du service de médecine bucco-dentaire de l’hôpital Bretonneau pour des douleurs oro-faciales inexpliquées associées à de discrets signes dysautonomiques (sudation, obstruction nasale, rhinorhée, larmoiement ). Alors que leurs précédents traitements étaient peu ou pas du tout efficaces (antalgiques de pallier 2, carbamazépine ou gabapentine), un traitement d’épreuve par indométacine a permis une disparition immédiate de leurs douleurs faciales. La présentation clinique et la réponse absolue à l’indométacine ont ainsi permis de poser le diagnostic d’hémicrânie paroxystique chez ces trois patients. Les contre-indications de la molécule étant réduites à celles de sa famille pharmacologique, cette série de cas suggère l’intérêt de l’utilisation l’indométacine comme test diagnostique chez tout patient souffrant de céphalées hémifaciales strictes, surtout en présence de signes autonomiques.

Introduction Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign salivary gland tumor, frequently affecting the major salivary glands but also the palatal or labial minor salivary glands. Pleomorphic adenomas affecting the retromolar trigone have seldom been reported with only few cases described in the literature. Observation We present the case of a young female patient who presented with this rare localization of pleomorphic adenoma and its subsequent management. Discussion Pleomorphic adenoma of the retromolar trigone is a rare occurrence. Nevertheless, when faced with a swelling of the retromolar trigone, a diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma should not be omitted from the differential.

The VAMDC Consortium intended to find a way for users to cite the datasets accessed through the infrastructure. The Research Data Alliance Data citation working group provided the researchers and data centres communities with a recommendation to identify and cite dynamic data. This recommendation perfectly matched the VAMDC needs: the proposed solution relies on a query centric view and the set-up of a Query Store. Data should be stored in a versioned time-stamped manner and accessed through queries. The Query Store we implemented for VAMDC is interlinked with Zenodo. Since Zenodo is indexed in OpenAIRE and since the latter implements Scholix, VAMDC indirectly implements Scholix via its Query Store. The paper outlines the successes and limitations of the above approach.

Early elimination of natural organic matter (NOM) by ion exchange (IEX) in water treatment is expected to improve subsequent water treatment processes and the final drinking water quality. Nine anionic exchange resins were investigated to remove NOM and specific NOM fractions determined by liquid chromatography in combination with organic carbon detection (LC-OCD) and fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEM). Breakthrough of NOM was predicted by model calculations using Freundlich isotherms and IEX rate experiments. The time to breakthrough varied from 4 to 38 days. Removal of specific NOM fractions proved to vary considerably for the different types of IEX resins, ranging from 1% to almost 60%. The removal of NOM fractions, specifically humic substances, increased with an increase in water content of the investigated IEX resins and with a decrease in resin size. The best-performing IEX resins consisted of the smallest resins and/or those with the highest water content. The worst-performing IEX resins reflected the highest exchanging capacities and the lowest water contents.

Summary What is known and objective The dofetilide label recommends using actual body weight (ABW) to calculate the Cockcroft–Gault creatinine clearance (CrCl) for the determination of the initial dose; however, few studies have attempted to evaluate this dosing recommendation in overweight and obese patients. We evaluated whether the current dofetilide dosing recommendation based on ABW is appropriate in overweight and obese patients. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study conducted at two large academic medical centres in the United States on overweight and obese patients (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2) who were newly started on dofetilide based on ABW. Patients were categorized into (i) the different-dose group if their CrCl calculated based on the ideal body weight (IBW) resulted in a lower initial dofetilide dose compared with ABW-based CrCl and (ii) the same-dose group if they would have the same initial dose based on IBW and ABW. The primary outcome was dofetilide dose reduction or discontinuation due to prolongation of the corrected QT interval during the first 3 days of dofetilide therapy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors predicting the risk of primary outcome. Results and discussion Of the 132 patients included in the study, 29 (22·0%) were in the different-dose group and 40 (30·3%) had the primary outcome. The per cent of patients with the primary outcome was not statistically significantly different between the different-dose and same-dose groups (37·9% vs. 28·2%; P = 0·31). Diabetes mellitus was a significant predictor for the primary outcome (odds ratio 2·54; 95% confidence interval 1·05–6·15). What is new and conclusion Our study provides the evidence on the safety of the current dofetilide dosing recommendation in overweight and obese populations in clinical practice. Current ABW-based dofetilide dosing is reasonable in overweight and obese patients.

This paper presents the complete design of an audio data hiding system destined to transmit a binary information via the audio communication channel for audio annotation applications. The proposed system is based on an innovative embedding strategy. It consists of 1) a new inaudibility control procedure that locally regulates the watermark transparency, 2) an informed embedding function that maximizes system robustness to additive channel perturbation by using a new criterion of robustness - that is by maintaining the error probability at a fixed value, and 3) an efficient and low computational cost synchronization mechanism. System performance in terms of inaudibility of the watermark, transmission reliability with respect to various perturbations, and computational cost is evaluated on real audio signals to determine the efficiency of the proposed embedding strategy

In this paper, we present an MPEG-7-based audio classification and retrieval technique targeted for analysis of film material. The technique consists of low-level descriptors and high-level description schemes. For low-level descriptors, low-dimensional features such as audio spectrum projection based on audio spectrum basis descriptors is produced in order to find a balanced tradeoff between reducing dimensionality and retaining maximum information content. High-level description schemes are used to describe the modeling of reduced-dimension features, the procedure of audio classification, and retrieval. A classifier based on continuous hidden Markov models is applied. The sound model state path, which is selected according to the maximum-likelihood model, is stored in an MPEG-7 sound database and used as an index for query applications. Various experiments are presented where the speaker- and sound-recognition rates are compared for different feature extraction methods. Using independent component analysis, we achieved better results than normalized audio spectrum envelope and principal component analysis in a speaker recognition system. In audio classification experiments, audio sounds are classified into selected sound classes in real time with an accuracy of 96%.

This paper presents an analysis of dark signal nonuniformity induced in a charge coupled device (CCD) by 90 MeV neutrons. Random telegraph signal switching between multiple levels was seen for some dark current spikes. The probability distribution of the dark current spikes is shown to be pseudo-exponential and the distribution remains exponential during annealing, but with an increasing decay constant. Similar dark current spikes were also observed to be generated in an APS device exposed to high energy neutrons at the WNR facility.

We determined the nucleotide sequence of a 6-kb DNA region harboring the recF, orf192, gyrB, and gyrA genes from Mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2)155. The amino acid sequences deduced from gyrA and gyrB displayed 89 and 86% identity, respectively, with the DNA gyrase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and 67 and 65% identity, respectively, with that from Streptomyces coelicolor. An open reading frame encoding the C-terminal region of the M. smegmatis RecF polypeptide was found upstream from gyrB and was 57% identical to the open reading frame encoding the C-terminal region of the S. coelicolor RecF protein. The gene orf192 was identified between recF and gyrB and was 39% identical to orf191 found in S. coelicolor in the recF-gyrB region. The M. smegmatis DNA gyrase, which was purified by affinity chromatography on novobiocin-Sepharose, consisted of two polypeptides with apparent molecular masses of 98 and 80 kDa. Determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the B subunit confirmed GTG as the start codon in gyrB. Analysis of the supercoiling activity of the enzyme indicated that the M. smegmatis DNA gyrase was characterized by a specific activity equivalent to that of the Escherichia coli DNA gyrase. Inhibition of this activity by 4-quinolones was investigated by determining the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50S) of nalidixic acid, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. The results indicated that the inhibitory activities of these drugs against the M. smegmatis DNA gyrase were markedly lower than those previously reported for the E. coli DNA gyrase. The results also suggested that the higher levels of activity of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin against M. smegmatis (MICs, 0.5 to 1 microgram/ml), in contrast to that of nalidixic acid (MIC, 256 micrograms/ml), could be related to the higher inhibitory activities of fluoroquinolones against the DNA gyrase from this species (IC50S, 7 to 14 micrograms/ml) compared with that of nalidixic acid (IC50, 1,400 micrograms/ml).

The effect of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibacterials, including quinolones, on the surface properties of a uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli was examined. The effect on the charge and hydrophobicity of the cell surface was assessed by means of partition between two aqueous phases, polyethylene glycol and dextran. Antibiotics at 1/8 x MIC inhibited adhesion to uroepithelial cells, and induced an increase in bacterial charge and hydrophobicity. Inhibition of adhesion correlated with increased charge, but not with hydrophobicity. The influence of magnesium on the inhibition of adhesion by sub-MICs of pefloxacin was also investigated. Loss of the anti-adhesive property of pefloxacin was observed with increasing magnesium concentrations, suggesting that quinolones should be free from magnesium to induce an inhibition of adhesion. Examination by electron microscopy showed a disappearance of fimbriae following treatment of E. coli cells with 1/8 x MIC of pefloxacin.

A series of fluoro-quinolones was evaluated for antibacterial activity and DNA-gyrase inhibitory potency. The relative enhancement of the overall antibacterial activity resulting from C-6 or C-8 fluorine substituent was not accompanied with a major change of DNA-gyrase inhibitory potency.

Although most people see the cell phone as an extension of conventional wired phone service or POTS (plain old telephone service), the truth is that cell phone technology is extremely complex and a marvel of technology. Very few people realize that these small devices perform hundreds of millions of operations per second to be able to maintain a phone conversation. If we take a closer look at the module that converts the electronic version of the speech signal into a sequence of bits, we see that for every 20 ms of input speech, a set of speech model parameters is computed and transmitted to the receiver. The receiver converts these parameters back into speech. In this chapter, we will see how linear predictive (LP) analysis- synthesis lies at the very heart of mobile phone transmission of speech. We first start with an introduction to linear predictive speech modeling and follow with a MATLAB-based proof of concept.

We report on the development of a new standard for exchange of atomic, molecular and particle‐surface(solid)‐interaction data based on the XML schema (XSAMS). The general structure of XSAMS is discussed, and future directions of XSAMS development are outlined.

In his 1929 painting “La trahison des images,” Belgian painter Rene Magritte highlighted the power of illusions by painting a pipe and commenting it with “Ceci n’est pas une pipe” (“This is not a pipe”) as Magritte himself explained: “Try to stuff the painting with tobacco… .“

A particular application of audio data hiding systems and watermarking systems consists of using the audio signal as a transmission channel for binary information. The system should ensure a reliable and robust transmission for various channel perturbations but also propose a low computational cost for real-time applications. In this paper, we present a hybrid spread-spectrum data hiding system, which combines two reference systems taken from the State-Of-The-Art: the one based on a real-time receiver and the other one based on an informed embedding strategy with maximized robustness to additive perturbations. Experimental results permit to assess the efficiency of the system in terms of: (1) transmission reliability, which is significantly improved compared to reference systems, and (2) computational costs, which allows for the feasible real-time reception process of broadcast applications with off-line embedding.

A general framework for deriving and interpreting analysis and synthesis spectra of the autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) type is presented. Investigation of AR linear transformations of finite dimensional data records yields a set of intermediate MA techniques associated with approximation of the inverse correlation matrix R-1. The corresponding spectrum we call a parameterized maximum likelihood method (pMLM) spectrum. Investigation of MA linear transformations yields a set of intermediate MA techniques associated with approximation of the correlation matrix R. The corresponding spectrum we call a parameterized Bartlett spectrum (pBA). Simulations on synthetic AR, MA and ARMA data sets illustrate the techniques and lead to interesting remarks concerning the use of parameterizations of R and R-1to differentiate between data sets of AR and MA type.

This paper discusses two custom integrated circuits designed to perform the functions of signal correlation and lattice filtering (MA or AR). Each circuit is decomposed into P operators, each being a direct implementation of the equations. To allow concurrent use of an arbitrary number of operators and to simplify inter-module connections (both within and between chips), a bit-serial architecture was adopted. These chips can be cascaded; computation speed is independent of model order in both types of calculations. These chips have been designed to operate at a sample frequency between 0 and 300 kHz for the correlator, 0 and 150 kHz for the lattice filter.

This paper describes a custom integrated circuit designed to perform LPC-based feature measurements. The chip is decomposed in 4 operators, working concurrently, implementing the functions of preem-phasizing, correlation, Parcor extraction and filtering. By using bit-serial architecture, each block can be adapted to the computation requirement. The projected chip complexity is approximately 25000 transistors (9 mm2 without I/O pads in 2µ NMOS technology) plus 2640 bits of RAM. The maximum sampling frequency is about 25 kHz which is sufficient for speech coding.

The problem of determining sparse MA models has received much attention in recent years and is of fundamental importance in various application areas such as speech (multi-pulse excitation) or seismic data (wavelet time of arrival). This paper addresses the problem of selection and identification of non-zero coefficients in the MA models (pulse position and amplitude). The selection is done globally in the Fourier transform domain using a (complex) Pisarenko procedure, instead of sequentially. Moreover, the pulses being frequently placed in contiguous locations as a short solvo, a new MA identification method is proposed for this special case. This method only uses the AR model coefficients and the prediction residual as entries.

High quality music coders use an auditory masked threshold to account for the characteristics of the human ear. The masked thresholds calculated by these coders do not correspond to the theoretical threshold, solution of a non-linear constrained deconvolution problem because of the huge complexity required. We present a binary allocation algorithm solving at the same time the deconvolution problem, while maintaining a tolerable complexity.

This paper presents the application of the promising public key watermarking method to the audio domain. Its detection process does not need the original content nor the secret key used in the embedding process. It is the translation, in the watermarking domain, of a public key pair cryptosystem. We start to build the detector with some basic assumptions. This leads to a hypothesis test based on probability likelihood. But real audio signals do not satisfy the assumption of a Gaussian probability density function. Moreover, the use of an advanced human perception model to hide the watermark makes the detection issue a tough problem. Our works result in a new detection process offering a good test's power for a low probability of false alarm.

This paper deals with the problem of incorrect data rejection in a large vocabulary directory task. Two different strategies are investigated to improve the rejection of noises and OOV data. An incremental adaptation algorithm is first proposed to adapt word models and a garbage model to field data. The second method consists in post-processing the recogniser hypotheses by computing for each of them a confidence measure based on frame level likelihood ratios. Both methods yield a noticeable reduction in the false alarm rate on noises and OOV data. Their combination leads to a further false alarm rate reduction.

The space and time development of a single nanosecond pulsed corona discharge is studied in atmospheric air-propane mixtures with different concentrations of propane up to 8%. Time-resolved imaging of the discharge shows a complete diffuse pattern in pure dry air, which becomes more and more filamentary when propane is added. Filaments are thinner with higher concentrations of propane, and the whole discharge energy increases and gets saturated.

To identify gene products important for gastrulation in the amphibian Pleurodeles waltl, a screen for regional differences in new protein expression at the early gastrula stage was performed. A 45 kDa protein whose synthesis was specific for progenitor endodermal cells was identified. Microsequencing and cDNA cloning showed that P45 is highly homologous to rat NUDC, a protein suggested to play a role in nuclear migration. Although PNUDC can be detected in all regions of the embryo, its de novo synthesis is tightly regulated spatially and temporally throughout oogenesis and embryonic development. New PNUDC synthesis in the progenitor endodermal cells depends on induction by the mesodermal cells in the gastrula. During development, PNUDC is localized in the egg cortical cytoplasm, at the cleavage furrow during the first embryonic division, around the nuclei and cortical regions of bottle cells in the gastrula, and at the basal region of polarized tissues in the developing embryo. These results show for the first time the expression and compartmentalization of PNUDC at distinct stages during amphibian development.

In spite of much work on DNA gyrase and quinolones for many years, our knowledge of the molecular basis of quinolone-gyrase action is still incomplete. We designed a photoaffinity labeling reagent for the quinolone target, and synthesized a norfloxacin analogue with an azide function which, under UV irradiation, becomes covalently linked to its target. For that, a large amount of purified gyrase was needed. Both subunits were purified using exclusion and affinity chromatography. A plasmid was used that allowed the overproduction of GyrA as a fusion-protein with six histidine residues at its carboxy-terminal domain. GyrA-(His)6 was purified after chromatography on a nickel-containing column, and native GyrB after chromatography on immobilized novobiocin. Reconstituted DNA gyrase (A2B2) had supercoiling activity. Photoaffinity labeling showed covalent binding of the 3H-photoaffinity analogue of norfloxacin to the gyrase-DNA complex, and mainly to the GyrA. The specific binding site remains to be explored.

The use of pulsed nanosecond scale discharges is promising for automotive engine ignition because air-hydrocarbon mixtures can be chemically activated with a nonthermal plasma. Very short high voltage pulses are a good way to control the energy which is transferred into the gas at pressures above atmospheric. The development of such a discharge, in a point-to-plane configuration, under a short and high overvoltage, is investigated in air for different pressures through fast imaging and electrical records.

Using immunocytochemical methods, we analyzed the localization of the HSP70 protein constitutively expressed during embryogenesis in the amphibian Pleurodeles waltl. Our results provide evidence for nuclear transfer of the protein during gastrulation, and particularly for predominant nuclear labeling in gastrula internalized cells. Using two inhibitors of DNA replication -hydroxyurea (HUA) and aphidicolin- or/and an inhibitor of transcription -actinomycin D- applied to embryos, we demonstrated that nuclear transfer of HSP70 is related to the transcriptional activity of the cells during the early S phase of the cell cycle.

The structural and magnetic properties of self-organized CoxPt1−x nanostructures grown by codeposition at room temperature on Au(1 1 1) are reported. The samples have been imaged by scanning tunnelling microscopy and characterized by x-ray magnetic circular dichroism in the same ultra-high vacuum setup. We observe that the ordered growth is preserved for a large range of Pt concentrations. The magnetization cycles as functions of the magnetic field angle and the temperature are well reproduced by a simple model, giving a good estimation of the magnetic anisotropy distributions in these assemblies of nanostructures. The initially out-of-plane anisotropy for pure Co nanostructures strongly decreases until it lies in-plane for a 40% Pt concentration. This spin reorientation transition and the measured broadening of the switching field distribution with x are discussed using a phenomenological pair model that reproduces well the main magnetic properties of CoxPt1−x epitaxial nanostructures.

It was indeed the merit of Roman Jakobson to draw aphasiology away from the mere surface description of symptoms and to provide the first interpretations of aphasics’ language disturbances in a linguistically motivated way (Jakobson, 1942). As far as segmental errors are concerned, he was thus able to interpret the nature of phonemic paraphasias by resorting to such linguistic theoretical constructs as features and markedness through which could be understood, for instance, the preferential tendencies often observed (on the paradigmatic axis) in phonemic substitutions, something that his predecessors —mainly clinicians — could not do! In the same way, although with less sophistication, (a) consonantal omissions within clusters were interpreted as simplification of so-called “syntagmatic” patterns and (b) some displacements of segments as assimilations such as the ones philologists had been observing for years in diachronic studies.

Expression of an hsp70 gene strictly inducible in somatic cells and constitutively expressed during oogenesis was investigated during embryogenesis of the amphibian Pleurodeles waltl. Results from Northern hybridization experiments and RNase protection assays provided evidence for the presence of inducible hsp70 mRNA under normal conditions at every embryonic stage. Immunoblotting of embryo proteins separated by 2D-electrophoresis provided evidence for the presence of a single polypeptide of about 74 kDa likely to be an HSP70-related protein, from unfertilized egg to tailbud stage. Immunocytological analysis showed that HSP70-related proteins were localized in the cytoplasm of all blastomeres. It also pointed out that nuclear transfer of the protein occurs in certain cells, precisely at the time of their invagination and subsequent internalization during normal Pleurodeles development. Such nuclear transfer involves involuting mesodermal cells in the blastopore region at the time of gastrulation. It also involves neurodermic cells at the time of neural tube closure. Interestingly, in exogastrulas nuclear transfer did not occur in cells which could no longer invaginate. Such behavior of HSP70-related proteins led us to suggest that they are involved in the control of nuclear activity associated with important developmental events such as cellular internalization processes. Such a role may be a direct consequence of HSP70-related protein functional properties as molecular chaperones.

Le comportement en croisement de génotypes haploïde-doublés (HD) et hybrides de #Coffea canephora$ a été établi par des tests in vitro et des observations du seed-set. L'utilisation de HD offre l'opportunité de travailler avec des parents mâles et femelles génétiquement homogènes. La méthode (ABF) basée sur la fluorescence du bleu d'aniline a été utilisée pour observer l'accumulation de callose dans le pollen et le pistil. Des situations tranchées de compatibilité/incompatibilité sont observées et confirmées par l'analyse du seed-set. Le comportement en croisement de combinaisons hybrides corrobore celui observé chez les phénotypes HD. L'expression de l'auto-incompatibilité ne semble donc pas modifiée par la faible vigueur des HD. La distribution du comportement en croisement observée au sein des génotypes HD dérivés du clone IF 200 confirme que l'auto-incompatibilité chez #C. canephora$ est un système gamétophytique contrôlé par 1 locus (S). Le faible seed-set observé dans des cas de croisements incompatibles pourrait indiquer l'existence de pseudo-incompatibilité. Une analyse de liaison par des marqueurs moléculaires indique que le locus S est associé à un marqueur RFLP sur le groupe de liaison 9. La disponibilité d'un marqueur associé devrait faciliter l'analyse génétique de l'auto-incompatibilité en relation avec les programmes d'amélioration génétique des caféiers. (Résumé d'auteur)

The decomposition of propane in non-thermal plasmas of N2/C3H8 and N2/O2/C3H8 mixtures (oxygen percentage up to 20%) at low temperature is studied in a photo-triggered discharge. Quenching of nitrogen metastable states dissociate C3H8 to produce propene and hydrogen. Oxidation reactions are growing in importance when the O2 concentration increases, but the dissociation quenching reactions still occurs for the air-based mixture. Even for a low concentration of oxygen, OH is an important specie involved in the conversion of the hydrocarbon. A kinetic analysis emphasises that OH comes in great part from the production of H, in which the methyl radical plays a role, strengthening the role of the dissociation processes of propane and propene in the medium reactivity. Results of PLIF measurements performed on OH during the diffuse afterglow of a nanosecond corona discharge correlate with results obtained on the photo-triggered discharge.

The activity of fluoroquinolones depends on two factors: their ability to enter bacteria and their specific inhibition on the DNA gyrase-catalysed supercoiling. Both factors depend on the presence of Magnesium.1,2,3 Actually we attempt to display if the use of SERS (Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy) could give valuable information on the DNA/DNA-Gyrase/Fluoroquinolone complexes with or without magnesium, at biological activity concentrations.

6135 Background: The number of treatments (Rx) administered in our CC increased by 25% over a 4 y period (6,098 in 2006 to 7,633 in 2009). The number of 4hrs+ Rx increased by 158% from 478 in 2007 ...

Using immunocytochemical and biochemical methods, we analyzed the localization of HSP 70-related proteins constitutively expressed during oogenesis and embryogenesis in the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Our results provided evidence for a regional localization in oocytes. In embryos, the regional distribution observed in oocytes was found to be maintained from fertilization up to late blastula. It is noteworthy that, at the beginning of gastrulation, nuclear transfer of such proteins had already occurred by the time of internalization in the involuting marginal zone (IMZ), whereas cells of the vegetal area exhibited only a perinuclear localization of these proteins. These results suggest that HSP 70-related proteins might be involved in the control of the process of cellular internalization.