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The article examines the development of arm wrestling at the international level, as well as student arm wrestling in the world. The current state of development of student arm wrestling in Ukraine, organizational structures and competition rules are analyzed. It was determined that student arm wrestling helps to preserve the health of students and keep them in good physical shape. Regular arm wrestling training has a positive effect on the muscular system, strengthens bones and reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. In addition, student arm wrestling can be a means to increase self-esteem and self-confidence. For many students, participation in arm wrestling competitions becomes an important part of their lives, which allows them to realize their potential and reach new heights. It has been proven that in order to popularize arm wrestling among students, it is necessary to organize competitions among students from various universities and colleges; use of social networks; attracting famous athletes to participate in arm wrestling competitions and training, this can stimulate students to engage in this sport; cooperation with universities and colleges to help draw students' attention to arm wrestling and provide them with access to gyms and coaches with relevant experience. As a result of the research, the conclusions were drawn that for the development of student arm wrestling in Ukraine, it is necessary to attract students to this sport, hold competitions and trainings, attract talented athletes and support them.

а feature of the course of diseases, the correction of which requires the use of antidepressants, is the small number of requests for specialized help in the early stages of the development of mental disorders. This creates certain limitations for fast and effective therapy. However, given that depression is the most common mental disorder in the world, there is a certain scientific interest in researching this pathology. The purpose of the work is a comprehensive assortment analysis of the group N06A "Antidepressants" on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. The study of the assortment of antidepressants registered on the pharmaceutical market was carried out in accordance with the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical classification and the data of the State Register of Drugs of Ukraine. The objects of research were information on drugs registered in Ukraine, which belong to category N06A "Antidepressants". According to the data of the State Register of Drugs of Ukraine, as of January 2022, taking into account drugs produced in different dosages, 149 trade names of drugs belonging to category N06A "Antidepressants" and represented by 20 international non-proprietary names were registered. Of all the antidepressants registered on the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, 52 drugs with a limited validity period of the registration certificate should be noted. The pharmaceutical market of Ukraine for the treatment of depression is clearly dominated by foreign pharmaceutical companies, and the share of domestic companies is represented only by 18.1%, which indicates the need to expand this group of drugs, because 9 out of 20 international non-proprietary names do not have a single domestic drug. Antidepressants are imported to the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market from 19 countries. The main importing countries are: India – 18.9%, Slovenia – 12.3%, Germany – 9.0%, Poland and Turkey – 7.4% each, Hungary – 5.7%. Other countries collectively occupy 39.3% of the pharmaceutical market of imported drugs from category N06A "Antidepressants". But it is important that according to the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical classification, in Ukraine this group of drugs is classified only into 3 subgroups. It should be noted that in Ukraine there are harmonized protocols, where, according to the recommendations for the treatment of depression, drugs are offered that, unfortunately, are not registered on the domestic market, which is reflected in the absence of two subgroups: N06AF and N06AG, which creates certain problems of patient access to high-quality and effective therapy recommended by the 2020 "Protocols for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with mental disorders (Finnish version)".

Purpose. To justify the use of the Lewis phenotypic stabi­lity factor (SF) to determine the stability of the manifestation of quantitative and economic value characteristics of national varieties of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatasL.). Methods.Field research on the comprehensive assessment of new sweet potato varieties was carried out in 2021–2022 at the Institute of Vegetable and Melon of the NAAS (Kharkiv Region). Phenological observations and biometric measurements of plants were carried out, as well as recording of meteorological data during the growing season, in particular during interphase periods of the culture. The stability of the studied traits was determined by finding the limit values of their manifestation (Xmaxand Xmin) and further calculating the Levis phenotypic stability factor (SF). Results.The use of the Levis phenotypic stability factor (SF) made it possible to determine the stability of the manifestation of morphological features of sweet potato varieties (I. batatas), in particular, the quantitative characteristics of tubers: their number under the bush for the variety ‘Admiral’ is 5.3 pcs., for ‘Slobozhanskyi rubin’ – 3.7 pcs.; the average weight of the tuber is 254 and 283 g, respectively. The trait “sweet potato tuber shape index” ensured stability with a coefficient of 0.98 (‘Admiral’) and 1.03 (‘Slobozhanskyi rubin’). The stability of the manifestation of morphological features of sweet potato tubers was established for the varieties ‘Admiral’ and ‘Slobozhanskyi rubin’, which are common in Ukraine. They represent two maturity groups, and therefore differ in the duration of the tuber formation period. Thus, the early-ripening ‘Admiral’ has a vegetation period of 100–110 days; medium-ripening ‘Slobozhanskyi rubin’ – 110–120 days. Conclusions.The quantitative trait of sweet potato tubers of the ‘Admiral’ variety was more stable in terms of width; ‘Slobozhanskyi rubin’ variety –in terms length. Tuber length values varied within cultivars. The shape index of sweet potato tubers as an identification feature of varieties turned out to be variably unstable; the calculated Lewis phenotypic stability factor was lower than unity for both studied varieties.

Small molecule heterojunction nanoparticles based on a phenoxazine photosensitizer and a non-fullerene acceptor ITIC have been developed for photocatalytic hydrogen production.

The paper is grounded upon the fact that the amount of vocabulary in the English language is expending and growing quickly, as its constant development and enrichment are both an obligatory condition and a direct consequence of the progress in the particular branches of human activity. It has been accentuated that all terms, fulfilling the applied function of the tools of cognition and means of fixing scientific and technological progress, are unified and fixed in the language. Based on this, the classification of terms has been done according to normativity – non-normativity. Grounding on the number of already existing definitions, we understand a terminological phrase as a semantically integral word combination of two and more words connected by prepositions, or asyndetically. The correlation concerning the morphological structure of terms demonstrates a clearly expressed tendency of derivation being used as the main way of word-building in the development of sports terminological units. The conducted analysis of the studied mono- and multi-component terminological units showed that derivation is one of the most powerful sources of development of sport terminology. The corpus of sports terms can be described in accordance with the specialized spheres of use. The amount of vocabulary in the English language is expending and growing quickly, as its constant development and enrichment are both an obligatory condition and a direct consequence of the progress in the particular branches of human activity. The dynamic development of sports contributes to its belonging to the social area and gains a global meaning. Sport is not only a purely professional activity of a person, but also a part of the cultural, political and economic life of the country, an integral segment of traditions and self-consciousness of the people. Sport draws attention of lots of specialists and scholars, in particular linguists, who study its verbal representation and treat sports terminology as a prior one.

In the article, for the first time in Eastern European linguodidactics, an original method of using students' emotional intelligence data and their personal linguoculture for a new structuring of didactic material in the study of foreign languages (on the example of Ukrainian as a foreign language) is offered. The authors aimed to make theoretical generalizations and conclusions about the main subject of the research, to determine the types of emotional-intellectual relation of students to a foreign language in the classes of the higher educational institutions and to model the general methodological scheme on the basis of sociological and functional-semantic data. The used methods can be clearly divided into theoretical, sociological and modeling, which made it possible to demonstrate a new approach to the thematic presentation of didactic material on the example of the concept HAPPY and determine the degree of flexibility of students' emotional intelligence in foreign language classes. First of all, the international significance of the article lies in the first attempt of the synthesis of the theory of emotional intelligence and linguoculturology (theory of concepts) in the optimization of the foreign language didactics; secondly, the authors, with the help of associative experiment and functional-field thematic structuring, offered a new model of presenting the lexical material of foreign language teaching for the first time.

Introduction. Tourism is the most intensive economic system that is developing. The rate of its growth is almost two times higher than the same of other branches of the world economy. Tourism contributes to the active local development of regions, the development of national ideas, and the employment of the local population. In addition, tourism ensures the inflow of funds to budgets, foreign currency, and the improvement of finances. The COVID-19 pandemic has made adjustments to the development of the tourism industry. Practically all countries experienced an outflow of tourists. It is negatively affected the socioeconomic condition of the region. For example, inflows of funds to local budgets have decreased, many people have lost their jobs, the number of unemployed has increased, and the income level of the local population has decreased. So, with this in mind, the European Union 2022 proposed new approaches to tourism development. The European Agenda for Tourism 2030 will be interesting for Ukraine. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the European experience regarding the formation of priority directions for the development of the tourism industry until 2030 to implement the best practices for the changes in the tourism sector in Ukraine. Results. Over the years, the tourism sector has proven its resilience and ability to «recover» from any economic crises. But also to contribute to economic and social recovery. The tourism industry in 2020 received perhaps the worse results from its activities in its entire history. The main goal of the «European Agenda for Tourism 2030» is the transformation and reboot of the tourism industry. In the future, tourism must be more sustainable, digital, global, social, and responsible. The goal of the strategy is green and digital technologies, processes of social and economic integration, social responsibility, training, and support, as well as the renewal of policy and management in the tourism industry. The hospitality industry and public catering create 18% of all food waste, so tourism, hotel, and restaurant establishments should recommend reducing the waste. Also, they need to implement food waste management strategies. Conclusions. Despite the negative impact, the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the transformation of the tourism industry. Thus, the world community has united to create a new narrative - sustainable tourism development. The full realization of the tourism sector's potential will provide positive change and opportunities for all people all over the world. The tourism industry of the European Union is already strengthening its status as a world leader due to the high demand for regional and domestic travel, as well as ecological and sustainable tourism. Reducing waste is a primary goal of sustainable development, which is relevant for the global hospitality industry. Hotels and accommodations are better prepared than others to address these challenges thanks to the growing trend of environmental management systems and certification across the industry. The presented experience of the European Union regarding the future vision of the tourism industry will be relevant for study and implementation in the tourism industry of Ukraine.

Мета роботи. Узагальнення перспектив використання губок медичних/гемостатичних, особливості їх технології та методів контролю якості. Матеріали і методи. У роботі використали методи пошуку інформації, аналізу статистичних даних і відомостей наукової літератури за період 2006–2021 років щодо губок медичних та перспектив їх використання. Результати й обговорення. Незважаючи на створення та дослідження великої кількості губок медичних на основі желатину, хітозану, похідних целюлози, колагену та інших допоміжних речовин, а також клінічне доведення їхньої ефективності та необхідності використання, дані засоби все ще потребують вдосконалення та подальшого вивчення, а пошуки ідеальної основи для створення універсальної губки медичної все ще тривають. Висновки. Розширення асортименту губок медичних та дослідження нових допоміжних речовин для їх виготовлення – перспективний напрям сучасної медицини та фармації.

The relevance of the work is determined by the war of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and the decision of the leading countries of the world, the EU and Ukraine to abandon energy dependence on energy from the Russian Federation. An analysis is provided of the main directions for reducing the European Union's dependence on Russian natural gas by a third by the end of 2022, in particular, the development of the Waste-to-Energy market in the EU and other leading countries of the world. The main ways are presented and computational investigations of the possibility of substitution of certain amounts of natural gas with artificial fuel from residual MSW are carried out. Based on the performed calculations, the authors formulated proposals for the feasibility of constructing facilities for energy use of residual MSW in different regions of Ukraine, as well as connecting them to the systems of centralized heating in Ukraine. The paper proves the necessity of building Waste-to-Energy power plants in the largest, large and big cities of the country. The ecological expediency of recovery of residual waste is shown.

The paper examines the discussion of the origins of Russia’s present-day aggression and militarism, between those accusing NATO of unjustified intrusion into the Russian “sphere of influence”, and those deeming that Putin’s bellicose Anti-Western sentiment is a product of his need to consolidate and legitimize his power within Russia. The authors prove that domestic factors were significantly more important. The development of Ukraine’s partnership with NATO and the prospects of the Alliance’s further enlargement were only a false excuse for Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. V. Putin’s genuine fear is not NATO but the rise of successful democratic western-oriented countries along Russia’s borders, especially Ukraine. It is unjustified to blame the Alliance while Putin wants to destroy Ukraine as an independent state and is ready to indiscriminately kill Ukrainian civilians. However, NATO took the disadvantageous approach of pursuing a policy of pretending that Ukraine and Georgia were on their way to Alliance membership, while, in reality, the question of their integration has been kept in limbo since the 2008 Bucharest summit. Russia probably interpreted it as a window of opportunity to change the situation to its own benefit while these countries had no “insurance policy” from NATO.

The aim – to develop a new approach to the assessment of LV systolic function – LV systolic performance index. To check correlation of this index with left ventricular ejection fraction determined by standard Simpson planimetric method.Materials and methods. A total of 121 patients were included into the study. We first determined left ventricular ejection fraction by Simpson method for each patient included in the study, and then determined VTI in the LVOT and myocardial motion velocity in four LV parts. We evaluated the correlation of these indices with left ventricular ejection fraction and derived a hybrid index of LV systolic function performance based on stepwise multiple regression.Results and discussion. The myocardial velocity in four LV parts, its averaged value and velocity time integral in LVOT not only showed a high level of correlation with left ventricular ejection fraction, but appeared also its independent predictors in multivariate analysis. The hybrid formula «0.7 × Sum of MV + VTI» derived in our study provides an index of LV systolic function performance. A good correlation of the new index with left ventricular ejection fraction determined by Simpson (Kendall’s tau 0.818; p

Summary. Introduction. According to the opinion of a number of experts, acute biliary pancreatitis should be considered a combination of acute pancreatitis with chronic or acute diseases of the biliary tract. Aim. To assess intraoperative morphological changes during laparoscopy in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. Materials and methods. We treated 65 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis who had isolated cholecystolithiasis. Forty-two patients had acute calculous cholecystitis, twenty-three patients had chronic calculous cholecystitis. All patients underwent laparoscopy, which included diagnostic and treatment stages. Results. Signs of acute biliary pancreatitis were: serous fluid (6.2 %), fibrinous fluid (10.8 %), hemorrhagic fluid (41.5 %), fatty spots (7.7 %), mesenteric hemorrhagic edema of the large intestine (64.6 %), pancreas edema (23.1 %), omentum edema (50.8 %), vitreous edema of the hepatoduodenal ligament (36.9 %), enlarged gallbladder (60.0 %), destructive acute cholecystitis (9.2 %). When the head of the pancreas was damaged, we observed hemorrhagic fluid, hepatoduodenal ligament edema, an enlarged gallbladder, and acute cholecystitis. When the body of the pancreas was damaged, we observed serous fluid, fatty spots, mesenteric edema of the large intestine, and parapancreatic infiltrate. In the inflammatory process of the pancreas tail, we often observed fibrinous fluid in the abdominal cavity.

Rutile of the Neogene-aged Zelenyi Yar titanium-zirconium placer was studied. The average size of the rutile grains is 0.25 mm that are elliptical, rounded, short-prismatic, isometric, and elongated-prismatic crystals in shape. On the surface of the crystals, elements of physical abrasion of varying degrees, as well as chemical dissolution, are observed. The color of the rutile crystals ranges from black to yellow with black and brown being the most common. A relationship between the concentration of various impurity elements and their variations with the color of the crystals is present. The highest average content of impurity elements is recorded in green rutiles and the lowest in light brown crystals. About 61% of the rutiles contain V2O5 (30% of all crystals; average content 1.28%), Nb2O5 (25%; 1.38%), FeO (24%; 1.10%), WO3 (9%; 0.91%), ZrO2 (9%; 0.85%), Al2O3 (2%; 0.70%), Cr2O3 (5%; 0.60%), SiO2 (7%; 0.57%). The temperature of primary rutile crystallization was calculated using Zr-in-rutile thermometry and corresponds to granulite and eclogite metamorphic conditions. Cluster analysis of 284 microprobe analyses of rutile allows at least five groups of crystals to be identified. According to the chemical composition of various rutiles, it can be concluded that they originated from metapelitic rocks, enderbites, and eclogite-like rocks located in the Dniester-Bug megablock of the Ukrainian Shield.

The article studies fundamental cognitive-semantic theories (Langacker, Lakoff, Fillmore, Croft) used in linguistics. The paper shows the use of ideas that can change the educational system with the aim of improving the teaching of linguistic disciplines in higher education. The relevance of the study is to improve the education quality for linguistics specialists and the possibility of implementing the study results to improve the teaching methodology. Particular focus is on the theories, tools, and methods of teaching foreign languages, which are essential components of quality learning and the formation of knowledge and skills among students of linguistic specialties. The study aims to systematize the theoretical foundations and directions of the cognitive-semantic theory in linguistics to determine the relevance of teaching this theory to the educational process. In the course of the study, general scientific methods of knowledge are applied, in particular analysis and synthesis of theoretical and practical information, as well as methods of questioning and statistical methods of analysis. The hypothesis of the study: the system of basic theoretical innovations used in the complex of cognitive-semantic theories is effective in the field of humanities research. It is an effective tool in the learning process in process of learning foreign languages. The result of the study is to determine the need to study theories of linguistics, which represent effective directions in the postmodern mainstream. The article shows the place of cognitive-semantic theories in the modern practice of teaching foreign languages. The study’s practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the results in constructing foreign language learning methodologies in higher education institutions.

In the context of social-economic transformations and globalization of the international economy, the importance of the agricultural sector of the economy is increasing, the efficiency of which ensures the growth of the level of economic security. Harmonization of effective agricultural policy and economic security involves the protection of national economic interests, sustainable economic growth and modernization of the economy on the basis of agricultural sector development as a tool for economic security, and structural transformation of agricultural policy as part of agricultural security. The purpose of the research lies in substantiating the theoretical and applied principles for the formation and implementation of agricultural policy and assessing its harmonization with the economic security of the European Union. In the course of the research, the following methods have been used, namely: methods of economic analysis and synthesis; comparisons and analogies; generalization and systematization; grouping and cluster analysis. Regarding the results of the research, it has been established that the growth of the level of economic security of the European Union depends on the effectiveness of agricultural policy. Studying the peculiarities of the harmonization of agricultural policy and economic security in the countries of the European Union makes it possible to identify three groups of countries that have common features and trends in the indicators being analysed, namely: countries with a high level of economic security and moderate funding for agricultural policy (Germany (IIES: 0,593; FV: 6279967 thousand EUR), Denmark (IIES: 0,723; FV: 977871 thousand EUR), Ireland (IIES: 0,666; FV: 1573102 thousand EUR), Luxembourg (IIES: 0,607; FV: 47909 thousand EUR), the Netherlands (IIES: 0.702; FV: 836749 thousand EUR), Finland (IIES: 0,675; FV: 874699 thousand EUR) and Sweden (IIES: 0,673; FV: 948511 thousand EUR), which effectively implement public economic policy and support the development of the agricultural sector at a high level; countries with a sufficiently high level of economic security and stable development of the agricultural sector (Spain (IIES: 0.518; FV: 6908343 thousand EUR), France (IIES: 0,490; FV: 9448114 thousand EUR), Belgium (IIES: 0,544; FV: 645317 thousand EUR), the Czech Republic (IIES: 0,507; FV: 1193984 thousand EUR), Estonia (IIES: 0,418; FV: 273189 thousand EUR), Malta (IIES: 0,457; FV: 19320 thousand EUR), Austria (IIES: 0,552; FV: 1281161 thousand EUR) and Portugal (IIES: 0,5694; FV: 1370581 thousand EUR), financing of agricultural policy of which occurs in accordance with the needs of economic entities and is aimed mainly at introducing innovations; countries with a low level of economic security, characterized by structural changes in the development of the agricultural sector (Italy, Greece, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Slovenia, Slovakia).

The purpose of this paper is to develop a machine-learning model for analyzing and predicting the number of hospitalizations of children in the Lviv region during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. This wave is characterized by dominance of a new strain of the virus-Omicron-that spreads faster than previous ones and often affects children. Their high sociability and a low level of vaccination in Ukraine resulted in a sharp increase in the number of hospitalizations. The complexity of the research is also related to the geolocation of the Lviv region. This article analyzes and predicts the number of hospitalizations of children during the fourth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic for the first time for the Lviv region. Data were obtained from publicly available resources. Public Domain Software-the Python programming language and the Pandas library-was used for software implementation of the machine-learning method: the developed model consists of two components-analysis and prediction. The analysis of the number of hospitalized children was performed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Short- and medium-term predictions were made with the use of non-iterative SGTM neural-like structures that were taught in supervised mode and tested in online mode. The RMS and maximum ones that were reduced to the range of error values of short-term (up to a week) and medium-term (up to 2 weeks) predictions did not exceed 0.48% and 0.61% and 1.81% and 2.83%, respectively. The developed model can also be used for predicting other COVID-19 parameters.

Досліджуються позиції євроскептичних партій, які входять до Європейського Парламенту, щодо питань розширення ЄС, розглядається рівень їх впливу на прийняття відповідних рішень у Європарламенті. Аналізується громадська думка та ставлення до розширення ЄС у державах-членах об’єднання. Стверджується, що партійний євроскептицизм не має серйозного впливу на політику розширення. Більшість євроскептичних партій не приділяють уваги питанням приєднання нових членів, так як вони не є сьогодні «гарячою темою», і не декларують чіткої позиції щодо цього у своїх партійних програмах. Водночас суспільний євроскептицизм у питанні подальшого розширення, який має тенденцію до зростання, може виступати гальмівним або й обмежувальним чинником на шляху приєднання західнобалканських держав до ЄС.

The article presents a comparative analysis of test results in which the SL–520PЕ muzzle velocity measurement system and the MFTR – 2100/40 Doppler radar system were used. A set of recommendations is proposed, which are aimed at improving the efficiency of the organization and the quality of tests during which the parameters of the initial (muzzle) velocity of the measured objects are determined. Qualitative testing of a wide range of new and modernized models of rocket and artillery armament largely depends on modern radar measurement systems. Recently, the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Armed Forces of Ukraine) have been using the SL – 520PЕ muzzle velocity measurement system and the Doppler radar system MFTR – 2100/40 to determine the initial (muzzle) velocity and trajectory measurements of rocket and artillery armament. The issue of checking the compliance of the parameters of modern models of rocket and artillery armament with the stated specifications is well-timed and is constantly in the focus of attention of the leadership of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The above mentioned determines the relevance of scientific research to solve the problem of testing rocket and artillery armament by developing a set of recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of the organization and quality of tests during which the parameters of the initial (muzzle) velocity of measured objects are determined. Thus, anticipating the urgency of this issue there was an initiation of research on the feasibility for use of SL–520PЕ muzzle velocity measurement system and the MFTR – 2100/40 Doppler radar system, taking into account their practical employment. Therefore, the author's team considers it appropriate to contemplate certain test methods using the above measurement systems. The conducted research makes it possible to offer recommendations on setting the options Maximum Velocity, Tracking Time; to determine the magnitude of the minimum value of the start signal level, source of signal, and the optimal value of the angle (Elevation) of the SL–520PЕ antenna for reliable measurement of the initial (muzzle) velocity of artillery shells (mines) during a single shot or a series of shots of the artillery system; determination of the average initial (muzzle) velocity of artillery shells (min) in a series of shots; ensuring the transmission of measured data to the automated fire control system for calculation of ballistic range correction in the process of artillery firing and more efficient testing and certification of artillery weapons offered for procurement to the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

The article considers one of the problems of legal capacity of minors - emancipation. Emancipation is a complex civil law institution that has become a novelty for Ukrainian civil law, which needs to be comprehensively studied and improved. The formation of this institution is due to several objective reasons: the rapid growth of modern youth, both psychologically and physically; developed market relations that involve minors; mass media that promote the dissemination of information. Given the above, at the legislative level, this institution was introduced into the Civil Code of Ukraine. In foreign law, the institution of emancipation has become quite widespread and is seen as the declaration of minors fully capable of reaching adulthood, the actual receipt of the person the opportunity to acquire rights and responsibilities. The nature of different types of emancipation is determined both by the grounds for its occurrence and the scope of those rights and responsibilities that a minor may acquire. Emancipation has a sectoral nature and does not apply to the full capacity of an individual, ie an emancipated person is deprived of a set of certain rights to reach adulthood. In other words, emancipation can be complete or partial. The institute of emancipation has been studied in detail by modern scientists since its introduction, but is ambiguously evaluated by them. Some scholars believe that it contributes to the acquisition of economic independence by minors, the development of their abilities in employment, that giving minors a real opportunity to exercise civil rights in full - an area that claims special relevance in the implementation of state legal policy to protect the rights of minors, others - that such a procedure can be resorted to only in exceptional cases.

Pavliuk N. M., Badiuk N. S. The influence of magnesium preparations on the change in metabolism in the modeling of toxic nephropathy in animals. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(6):403-409. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.06.040 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/41045 https://zenodo.org/record/7360361 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 1, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 1 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe:Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 16.05.2022. Revised: 15.06.2022. Accepted: 30.06.2022. The influence of magnesium preparations on the change in metabolism in the modeling of toxic nephropathy in animals N. M. Pavliuk, N. S. Badiuk Ukrainian Research Institute of Transport Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine, Odessa Abstract In an experiment on 39 white Wistar rats of autobred breeding, the authors modeled toxic nephropathy and assessed the possibility of correcting damage using magnesium-containing preparations - 5% Bischofite solution and «Donat Mg». The work was carried out in accordance with the regulatory documents of the European Union and Ukraine. The results of the studies showed that in addition to damage to the structure of the kidneys: wrinkling of capillary glomeruli, expansion of the Bowman space, destruction of part of the convoluted tubules; there is a violation of metabolic processes in the form of: an increase in the total blood protein, a redistribution of the proportion of different proteins in its composition, a decrease and imbalance of ATPases; increase in fasting amount of glucose; activation of lipid peroxidation and inactivation of AOD (catalase); decrease in magnesium levels in the blood. The use of magnesium-containing preparations by animals - a 5% solution of bischofite or «Donat Mg» had a unidirectional positive effect on the condition of the experimental animals. The structure of the kidneys improved, because. there were fewer wrinkled glomeruli, there were no lymphocytes between the capillaries, visually less damaged tubules were recorded; the interstitial layers did not differ from the norm; in terms of metabolism, there was a closeness of the total protein and the nomenclature of its components to the control, less changes in the activity of ATPases; LPO/AOZ systems; changes in fasting glucose, similarity of Mg+2 content to control data. The authors believe that the intake of exogenous Mg+2 has a positive effect on the state of redox processes in the cells of the body, which helps to maintain the body's resistance at a higher level and prevents severe kidney damage. Key words: toxic nephropathy; magnesium; metabolism; bischofite; «Donat Mg».

Мета роботи. Вивчення впливу допоміжних речовин на фармако-технологічні показники порошкових мас та таблеток на основі ліофілізованого порошку трутневого гомогенату з метою розробки складу таблеток. Матеріали і методи. Активний фармацевтичний інгредієнт – ліофілізований порошок трутневого гомогенату, а також такі допоміжні речовини, як Prosolv SMCC 90, МКЦ 102, Ludipress, Emdex dextrates, натрію карбоксиметилкрохмаль, Neusilin US 2, Neusilin UFL, кальцію фосфат двохосновний, натрію лаурилсульфат, кальцію стеарат, кислота лимонна. Таблетки отримували методом прямого пресування. Дослідження впливу кількостей допоміжних речовин на фармако-технологічні показники порошкових мас та таблеток проводили відповідно до методик, що регламентовані Державною фармакопеєю України (ДФУ). Результати й обговорення. Дослідження показали, що близькими за значеннями були відгуки за показниками насипної густини до та після усадки, пресування таблеток та їх середньою масою. Враховуючи те, що результати, отримані при дослідженні кута природного укосу порошкових мас, однорідності маси таблеток, стійкості таблеток до роздавлювання, стираності та часу розпадання, були різними, за вказаними відгуками будували діаграми розсіювання. Висновки. Застосування методу випадкового балансу дало змогу визначити найбільш значущі кількісні фактори та стабілізувати їх на оптимальних рівнях у складі розроблених таблеток із ліофілізованим порошком трутневого гомогенату з метою забезпечення якості відповідно до вимог ДФУ.

Social order and stability depend on many social factors, among which social control occupies an essential place as a means of self-regulation of society, the purpose of which is to streamline social relations. This problem is especially acute in the legal plane, where control is used together with other social and legal means as a decisive factor in forming the legal order. A philosophical and legal study of control and its impact on the rule of law requires a detailed examination of these concepts in historical retrospect through the prism of their value-based content. The study's primary purpose is to determine the main features of the philosophical paradigm of control in the context of the philosophy of law. The primary methodology was several historical and theoretical methods of analysis and research, which made it possible to achieve the set goals. As a result of the study, the critical elements of the philosophical and legal paradigm of control in the context of the philosophy of law were identified.

Актуальність зумовлена масштабними перетвореннями в суспільній, соціально-економічній та освітній сферах та відповідним підвищенням вимог щодо якості підготовки вчителів у закладах вищої освіти. Мета: актуалізація проблеми підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій, що є важливим компонентом їх професійної складової, розвитку фахової і психолого-педагогічної творчості педагога. Методи: загальні (діяльнісний, системний, культурологічний, порівняльний); спеціальні (анкетування, експеримент, спостереження, аналіз документів). Результати: розроблено авторську методичну систему підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій на основі існуючих методичних систем навчання. Висновки: встановлено, що найбільш змінними компонентами запропонованої методичної системи є мета й завдання, відповідно до них формується зміст методичної системи, методи корелюють із засобами навчання, а найбільш сталий компонент – це форми навчання (консультації, гуртки, олімпіади, конкурси, факультативи); визначено характерні ознаки методичної системи підготовки майбутніх учителів технологій – цілісність (складається із взаємопов’язаних компонентів), структурність і наявність системотвірного фактора (мети), множинність (форм організації, змісту, характеру освітньої діяльності студентів тощо); з’ясовано, що підготовка майбутніх учителів технологій буде ефективною лише при системному поєднанні змісту навчання, методів навчання, форм, засобів та результатів навчання, об’єднуючись у одне ціле із комплексною взаємодією викладача та здобувача освіти.

The urgency of the research forms the complex of agricultural sector productivity problems, employment level reduction problems, low wages level, and land productivity reduction. The article is devoted to searching for agrarian sector development directions, which promotes steady economic development based on identified problems. The research aims to develop proposals for solving the main agro-sector problems, which contribute to sustainable economic growth. The article develops the methodology of analysis and uses statistical analysis, probability theory, and generally scientific methods of knowledge. The study brings evidence of the leading hypotheses proposed and the table in the “problem-solution” format. It is proved that the agriculture of Ukraine has a heavy influence on the economy and employment. Agriculture is characterised by instability, low wages, and increased land for growing plant products, while livestock farming is in decline. The following methods are used to solve the problems: market transformation on finished food-product, diversification of production, de-shadowing of the sector, agriculture automation increase, land reform controlling, stimulating farming state programmes. The originality of this study lies in the authors’ sustainable development analysis methodology through the agricultural sector growth. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of implementing recommendations at the macro- and microeconomic levels. A further research field forms the automation processes in agriculture available to small and medium-sized farmers

The article highlights the results of an experimental study on the formation of a culture of self-education of future music teachers in vocal and choral training. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the developed methodology for the formation of a culture of self-education of future teachers of musical art in the process of studying vocal and choral disciplines. The study was carried out by the method of paired comparisons, based on the results of which a scale of comparative assessments was built in the control and experimental groups. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is confirmed by the results of statistical processing of experimental data. Criteria for monitoring the formation of a culture of self-education of future teachers of musical art in vocal and choral training are indicated. The effectiveness of the applied technique was assessed by a series of tests comparing the results at the ascertaining and formative stages of the study. The authors argue that the data of the formative experiment showed significant positive changes in the levels of formation of the culture of self-education of future teachers of musical art according to all the established criteria.

Introduction. A modern necessity and values of humanity, based on the synergy of the commercial orientation of producers and social requirements in agricultural raw materials and food, are closely linked to the latest trends in building a socially oriented economy. Besides this, the experience of the world shows that most economically developed countries already have an effective and multilevel system of quality control and food safety. Nowadays, our country is only at the initial stage of forming the concept of food quality and safety. An analysis of management processes shows some problems, both regulatory and organizational, and economics, the solution of which determined the relevance of the research topic. Purpose. The article aims to study the organizational and economic conditions of the organization and the implementation of the quality management system also the safety of agricultural products at domestic enterprises. Finally, this will increase the level of competitiveness of the enterprise.Results. The European Union is usually the most exemplary in food security and safety. It is the best in the food standardization and technical regulation of their quality. Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union provides for the transformation of food policy in general, in particular, the implementation of the strategy �From farm to fork� (�Farm to Fork�). The reform aims to create a healthy and more sustainable food system in the European Union. The HACCP concept is the basis of the standards of the food safety management system, so to increase the level of competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, it is advisable to take the following organizational measures: to create a department to ensure safety and product quality; to introduce the HACCP system in the production process; to improve training and advanced training of enterprise personnel. In addition, companies should use block chain technologies in their practice to quickly identify shortcomings and the causes of their occurrence, as well as take the necessary measures to prevent its further spread. Conclusions. Analysis of global trends' necessity for the sustainability of human life shows that the population has the right to receive a quality product that is safe for consumption. However, cases of food poisoning due to the risk of biological, chemical, physical, and other contamination still occur, and quite often, regardless of whether they occurred naturally due to environmental reasons or due to disruption of the production process. Therefore, to avoid them, the block diagram of the technological process of growing products (for example, winter wheat) identified ten critical points and proposed to pay more attention to traceability or block chain technologies to minimize risks. The HACCP system is an effective regulatory method and maintenance which take everything into account in all stages of the food product life cycle - from the receipt of raw materials to the use of products by the final consumer. The overall advantage is that HACCP is a very effective method of curtailment the risk of failure and maximizing product quality and safety.

At the present time, studying humoral immunity to the new coronavirus infection is among the most important tasks. The COVID-19 infection induces a protective pool of specific antibodies determining severity and duration of such immune protection after convalescence. The antibody testing is also necessary for assessing efficiency of anti-COVID vaccines in order to defeat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Despite enormous interest of scientific community in this problem seen in the literature, there is still a lack for longitudinal observations of immunological status (more than 6 months) in the patients who have undergone COVID-19. The aim of this study is a long-term monitoring (9-14 months) of development and extinction of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection using quantitative assessment of IgA and IgG levels in peripheral blood of the patients who had COVID-19 in anamnesis. Monitoring of anti-SARS-CoV-2 levels over time has demonstrated significant individual variability, and made it possible to divide the study participants into three groups, according to characteristic features of humoral immunity after documented COVID-19. The study describes characteristic features of humoral immune response for each of these groups. The first group (30% of the study group) exhibited classical pattern of antibody response to viral infection. The second group (40% of study participants) presented with high plasma IgA levels, and their significant excess (about 2 times) over IgG levels throughout the observation period. The third group (30% of study participants), apparently comprised the subjects with increased humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Their plasma antibodies remain at high levels for at least 9-10 months after the onset of infection. The data obtained confirm the pattern of plasma IgA which is not quite typical to viral infections in dynamics after a sufficiently long time period after the disease in most study participants (2nd and 3rd groups; 70% of all volunteers who have recovered from COVID-19) and suggests an important role of this immunoglobulin against SARS-CoV-2 infection. The specific responses of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG are very similar to behavior of such antibodies in other viral infections including contacts with coronaviruses from earlier generations. Humoral immunity against SARS-CoV-2 may persist for more than 6 months, thus supporting an assumption that the naturally infected patients are able to resist re-infection for a long time.

The article examines the Eastern Partnership (EaP) as the initiative of the European Union (EU) through the prism of the constructivist concepts of soft power, normative power and transformative power. The research focuses on the assessment of the EU’s transformative strength in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus, based on the analysis of declared EU policy goals and instruments and the real results of political reforms in partner countries. The results of the study show that the EaP has little transformative impact and needs further revision. The analysis of empirical indicators in the field of political transformation of the EaP countries shows that since its inception, as well as after the signing of Association Agreements with three countries and the renewal of the European Neighborhood Policy in 2015, no radical changes have been made, and the EU’s influence on the course of reforms has been insignificant. Institutional and geopolitical constraints and challenges that complicate the EU’s ability to influence its eastern neighbours are addressed. The article analyses prospects for strengthening the effectiveness of the EaP in the context of its latest update after 2020.

Despite significant progress in establishing the causes, mechanisms of occurrence, approaches to diagnosis and treatment, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains one of the most widespread and prognostically unfavorable diseases. Early diagnosis of RA is difficult, since immunopathological changes with a subclinical course occur long before the appearance of clinical manifestations of the disease. Therefore, establishing a diagnosis in the first months of the disease is crucial for its further progression, prognosis and long-term consequences of RA. Purpose: to investigate the correlation-regression relationship of indicators of systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, cytokine and lipid profiles of blood serum taking into account the T-786C polymorphism of the eNOS gene in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in combination with arterial hypertension (AH), abdominal obesity (AB) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Materials and methods: a laboratory and instrumental examination of 110 patients was carried out at the clinical base of the Department of Internal Medicine of the higher education institution of the Bukovyna State Medical University, Chernivtsi Regional Endocrinology Center, Chernivtsi Regional Clinical Hospital, and the State Institution "Reference Center for Molecular genetic research of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine". Results: In patients with RA with hypertension, AO, diabetes mellitus 2, a correlation was established between: the level of IL-10 and ACCP (r=0.47 p

Purpose. To establish economic feasibility of growing walnut rootstocks. Methods. Walnut seedlings, promising as rootstocks in Ukraine, were studied in nurseries IE Zatokovyi V. Yu. (Sloboda Komarivtsi village, Storozhynets district, Chernivtsi region) during 2018–2020. Economic efficiency of growing rootstocks was determined according to the Method of economic and energy assessment of types of fruit and berry plantations, pomological varieties and the results of technological research in horticulture (2002). Results. To determine the economic efficiency of seedling cultivation, the technological map of walnut seedling cultivation was analyzed. The largest share in the structure of costs was accounted for by labor remuneration – 86.7%. The reason was the use of manual labor, which accounted for 96.5% of the total technology of growing seedlings. The level of mechanization of cultivation was only 3.5%. The total fuel consumption per 1 hectare was 120.7 liters, or UAH 2,957.20 in monetary terms. Thus, fuel consumption accounted for a small share – 0.4% of the cost of one seedling. One hectare of land provided an output of 65 thousand pcs of walnut seedlings, which amounted to 1,625 thousand UAH at a cost of 25 UAH/piece. Material costs amounted to 46.16 thousand UAH/ha (total costs – 712.43 thousand UAH). Therefore, the cost was extremely low and the level of profitability was extremely high. Conclusions. Growing walnut seedlings of the varieties ‘Slava Ukrainy’, ‘Pamiati Zatokovoho’, ‘Lysychanskyi’ is economically feasible. This is due to the relatively low cost of one seedling (UAH 10.82) and high profitability of production of the original breeding material for grafting and planting industrial crops.

The article examines the features of verification and detection of lies and the definition of their features in the process of polygraph examination. Detection of lies is associated with the experience of certain emotions, the mechanisms of functioning of which ensure the organization of the relationship between true and false answers during testing using the technical means of computer polygraph and are accompanied by physiological reactions. In a computerized polygraph test, a test taker analyzes and evaluates the risks of concealing false information or the possibility of confirming it and exposing it as false. The effectiveness of information concealment depends on its ability to reveal and control a specific picture of one’s own physiological reactions when answering the questions, which are then evaluated by a polygraph examiner. Instrumental detection during polygraph testing should aim to obtain information, avoiding ambiguity, doubt, assumptions, and subjective association with an adequate reflection of reality. Undoubtedly, there is information that characterizes certain actions performed by a person, which he/she interprets and submits in the form of a true or false answer to a question evaluated by a polygraph examiner. The effectiveness of methods of detection and verification of lies depends on the qualification of the polygraph specialist, taking into account the individual characteristics of each test case, as well as the subtleties and details of the event being studied, features of psychophysiological reactions of the person being examined, namely the type of nervous system, external and internal factors that significantly influence the result of the examination. The conducted empirical research made it possible to describe the features of the group of people in whom lies were detected during polygraph testing. Such individuals showed high rates of adaptability, but low rates of neuropsychological stability. Among the personal qualities a high level of manifestation on such scales as "reactive aggression", "spontaneous aggression", "irritability", "shyness", "openness", "extraversion-introversion" can be distinguished.

Мета роботи. Порівняльні дослідження вимог провідних фармакопей щодо визначення, характеристики м’яких лікарських форм (МЛФ) та показників, за якими контролюється їх якість. Матеріали і методи. Фармакопейні статті та показники якості на МЛФ, наведені у Державній Фармакопеї України (ДФУ) та в деяких зарубіжних фармакопеях. При виконанні досліджень використано методи інформаційного пошуку, аналізу літературних джерел, порівняння та узагальнення. Результати й обговорення. Проведено порівняльний аналіз фармакопей провідних країн та ДФУ щодо характеристики, класифікації та показників якості МЛФ. У декількох фармакопеях (ДФУ, Ph. Eur., BP, ГФРБ) МЛФ розглянуто у загальних фармакопейних статтях “М’які лікарські засоби для нашкірного застосування”, у Фармакопеях США, Японії та Росії (USP, JP, ГФРФ) м’які форми охарактеризовано у загальній статті на лікарські форми (ЛФ). На підставі вивчення відповідних монографій розглянуто підходи до класифікації МЛФ (за видом ЛФ, типом дисперсних систем, спорідненістю до води). Вивчені підходи ДФУ та зарубіжних фармакопей до МЛФ, що виготовлені в умовах аптек. Проаналізовано вимоги фармакопей щодо показників якості, за якими повинні контролюватися МЛФ, залежно від способу їх застосування. Основними показниками якості, які визначаються для різних МЛФ, є опис, ідентифікація (АФІ, антимікробних консервантів, інших ДР при потребі), однорідність дозованих одиниць (окрім, ЛЗ рослинного походження), рН або кислотне та перекисне число, консистенція, в’язкість, герметичність контейнера, мікробіологічна чистота або стерильність, кількісне визначення. Висновки. Отримані результати аналізу показують деякі відмінності досліджуваних фармакопей щодо МЛФ та показників їх якості, що свідчить про доцільність гармонізації фармакопейних вимог до МЛФ з метою уніфікації підходів до підтвердження їх якості.

Diabetes mellitus is an important public health issue. Statistics show a rapid growth in the number of patients each year, which increases the financial burden on the state’s economy. Therefore, systematic marketing monitoring of the pharmaceutical market of drugs for diabetes is appropriate and permanently relevant. The aim of the research was to study the pharmaceutical market of antidiabetic drugs in Ukraine as of the first quarter of 2022. Materials and methods. The nomenclature range of drugs was analyzed in accordance with the State Register and the Anatomical-Therapeutic-Chemical Classification. The objects of research were information on synthetic hypoglycemic drugs registered in Ukraine, as well as herbal medicines belonging to the category A10 “Antidiabetic drugs”. Analytical and comparative methods, as well as marketing analysis and generalization of information were applied. Results. The structure of the pharmaceutical market of medicines from category A10 “Antidiabetic drugs” is formed by mono-drugs, their share is 84.2 %, while combined drugs make 12.9 %, and only 2.9 % belongs to medicinal plant raw materials and their mixtures. Among mono-drugs, the most numerous by the number of trade names is the group of sulfonylureas and biguanides, the percentage of which is 33.9 %. The pharmaceutical market of antidiabetic drugs in Ukraine is import-dependent, as the share of foreign medicines from 24 importing countries is 59.3 %. Domestic manufacturers of drugs for type 2 diabetes are 10 pharmaceutical companies, among which production output is dominated by JSC “Farmak” – 31.9 %. Preparations based on medicinal plant raw materials are manufactured by PJSC “Liktravy” and PJSC Pharmaceutical Factory “Viola” in the form of mixtures and medicinal raw materials. Conclusions. The nomenclature ranges of drugs, which according to the ATC classification belong to the category A10 “Antidiabetic drugs”, are analyzed and the structure of the segment is described. The range of herbal antidiabetic drugs has been studied and their share in the structure of the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine has been determined. The prevalence of foreign-made drugs over domestic ones has been established.

Sciarids (Diptera, Sciaridae) or black fungus gnats are small, mainly dark coloured insects whose larvae usually develop in rotting plant remains permeated by fungal hyphae. Typical habitats for sciarids are shaded forests and wet meadows, but some species can migrate from natural biotopes to anthropogenic ecosystems and live as synanthropes. We have investigated ecological and chorological features of sciarids in Ukraine since 2012. Within this work, we collected imagoes during expeditions and excursions in different biotopes using the Malaise trap, by the method of sweeping and with exhauster directly from substrate. Collected imagoes were placed into 5 mL vials with 70% ethanol. In the lab fixed material was dehydrated in absolute ethanol and mounted on the slides in Euparal. Previous registrations are based on 6 field collections, two of them were carried out in the XIX century, 4 observations of “army worms” and two pest records. From published material of these collections 78 sciarid species were known from 17 genera in 8 more or less specified localities of Ukraine. Our sciarid study in the country expanded the data on registered sciarids by adding 18 new species and enriched information about the distribution of sciarids by 86 new findings of previously known species in 12 regions (Volyn, Cherkasy, Chernihiv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Kharkiv, Khmelnytsk, Kyiv, Lviv, Odesa, Poltava, Rivne and Ternopil) of Ukraine. The current checklist of Sciaridae of Ukraine contains 96 species from 17 genera in 168 localities. Through comparison with Germany, whose sciarid fauna is studied much better, for Ukraine we can predict the presence approximately 400 sciarid species, so the species diversity of Sciaridae in Ukraine still poorly known for the known species does not exceed 25 percent of presumed existing species here. The majority of sciarid findings are registered in different types of broadleaf forest biotopes, only a few species have been found also in grassland habitats. Some sciarid species show synanthropic attraction and have been registered in anthropogenic habitats, for example Bradysia fenestralis (pest of cultivated plants in greenhouses), Corynoptera dentiforceps, Scatopsciara atomaria and Corynoptera tridentata. Larvae of Bradysia placida develop in rotten wood, also development of Corynoptera membranigera preimaginal phases possibly takes place in the fruit bodies of fungi (Neoboletus luridiformis, Russula sp.) and Mycetozoa (Fuligo septica).

Early diagnosis of cerebral small vessels disease (CSVD) in the elderly in the elderly is a daunting task due to the similarity of its clinical and neuroimaging manifestations to age-related changes and high comorbidity with neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the work is to determine the features of early neuropsychological and neuroimaging manifestations of CSVD, which was first diagnosed in old age. Material and methods. 37 elderly patients (EP: 60-75 years) with arterial hypertension (AH) st. 1-2, stage I-II and CSVD (women – 17 (45.9%), men – 220 (54.1%) were examined. Control groups: KGEP – 20 practically healthy elderly people and a group of middle-aged patients (ME – 44-59 years) with AH st. 1-2, stage I-II and CSVD are identical in age, gender and general duration of education. Total Cerebral volume blood flow (TcVBF) was determined using duplex ultrasound (USDS). MRI (3T) was performed in the following modes: T1-2WI, DWI, 3D Brain FLAIR SHC, 3D tra, VEN BOLD, DTI medium iso SENSE. Neuropsychological studies were performed using: MoCA questionnaire with evaluation of EIS, VIS, AIS, LIS, MIS, OIS domains; MMSE; SSR and PhSR (Semantic and Phonetic Speech Rate); FAB (Fontal Assessment Battery). Results and discussion. Using the modified scoring system for determining the severity of the burden of cerebral small vessels disease (BCSVDearly), it was found that the only difference between patients with clinical manifestations of the pathological process in middle and old age is the presence of lacunar infarctions in 16.2% of elderly patients. The relative changes in pre-visual markers of CSVD (DTI - MRI) in older patients were less pronounced than in middle-aged patients (FA: up to -24.1% in fibers and up to -18.6% in ROI; MD: up to +14, 9% in fibers and + 18.2% in ROI). There are also significant differences in the influence of diffusion disorders in the white matter (WM) of the brain on the cognitive status of patients with CSVD of middle-aged and elderly (emphasis on the number and rank of correlations). In the group of middle-aged patients, 270 out of 280 (96.4%) possible correlations were identified, including 22.1% (60) of those classified as noticeable (≥ + 0.5 / ≤ -0.5). In older subjects, the proportion of established moderate correlations reached only 21.4%, with a minimum negative rs = -0.45. Conclusion. The principal differences of the clinical and neuroimaging manifestation of CSVD in the elderly were determined: the relative decrease in the scores of cognitive functions to 73.0% (against 91.2% in the ME group); the presence of LI in the list of visual signs of CSVD; less pronounced, compared to ME, changes in pre-visual (diffusion) indicators of the state of deep WM; no correlations for MoCA, BCSVDearly, FA and MD domains.