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We point out that neutrinos can have enhanced couplings to photons, if light (pseudo)scalar mediators are present, resulting in potentially measurable neutrino polarizability. We show that the expected suppression from small neutrino masses can be compensated by the light mediator mass, generating dimension 7 Rayleigh operators at low scales. We explore the rich phenomenology of such models, computing in details the constraints on the viable parameter space, spanned by the couplings of the mediator to neutrinos and photons. Finally, we build several explicit models that lead to enhanced neutrino polarizability by modifying the inverse see-saw majoron, i.e., the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson of the $U(1)_L$ global lepton number responsible for generating small neutrino masses., 48 pages, 9 figures. v2: Improved star cooling discussion. Corrected bound from Xenon-nT. Added recast of monophoton searches discussion and EFT bound. Submitted to JHEP

This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a current picture of research on blood donation behavior. The methodology applied is a bibliometric analysis, based on scientific production and the science mapping analysis. The analysis is applied over a sample of 963 articles published between 1957 and 2017, in the Web of Science (WoS). Most active journals, authors, countries are identified as well as the main topics in this research area.

In a labour market so saturated with competent professionals and full of business adversities, students feel that the traditional educational system is not enough to enable them to be well prepared to compete efficiently in it. Therefore, in this research we have developed a business simulation game that allows them to delve into several fundamental facets so that they can ensure their professional success: involvement, capacity to analyze the environment, and decision-making capacity. This activity consisted of formulating, through a business competition, three business models with their corresponding web pages, data on their activities and different operating environments for each of them. The participants in this study were students of industrial organization and associated degrees (N = 76). The results of the study have determined that the students have been able to develop their skills in a real environment, as well as to improve their professional skills and their ability to make influential decisions in the management of the company. This simulation has enabled students to cope with real situations in which to apply the knowledge acquired during the career. In this way, students have felt better trained to be compete in the current competitive labour market. Resumen En un mercado laboral tan saturado de profesionales competentes y lleno de adversidades empresariales, los estudiantes sienten que el sistema educativo tradicional no es suficiente para que puedan estar bien preparados para competir de manera eficiente en el mismo. Por ello, en esta investigación hemos desarrollado un juego de simulación empresarial que les permita profundizar en diversas facetas fundamentales. Esta actividad consistió en formular, bajo el prisma de un concurso empresarial, tres modelos de empresas con sus correspondientes páginas web, datos sobre sus actividades y entornos de operatividad diferentes para cada una de ellas. Los participantes de este estudio fueron alumnos del grado de organización industrial y grados asociados (N = 76). Los resultados del estudio han determinado que los alumnos han podido desarrollar sus habilidades frente a un entorno real, así como mejorar sus destrezas profesionales y su capacidad para poder tomar decisiones influyentes en la dirección de la empresa. Esta simulación les ha permitido a los alumnos poder hacer frente a situaciones reales sobre los que aplicar los conocimientos adquiridos durante la carrera. De esta manera, los alumnos se han sentido mejor formados para poder competir en un mercado laboral tan competitivo como el actual.

According to political science, modern societies can separate the state function and the politicians’ mission. However, the existing relationship between political disaffection and state legitimacy indicates the contrary. The interest held by the European Union inhabitants in their politicians has been decreasing, and the closeness to a specific political party or political leader has been weakening. Many European countries have a great degree of polarity in their political parties’ system, which augments the complexity of forming governments or even makes it impossible. Citizens have been affected by corruption, the economic situation, migratory crisis, or the European project weakness. They feel that politicians have forgotten their role as the people’s representatives and their responsibility to behave according to society’s general interest. Through its institutions, the state must ensure the country’s performance and maintain it despite the change in the political leaders. Moreover, its legitimacy will depend on the level of social support received by these institutions. This research aims to quantify if the current political disaffection influences the European Union states’ social support level or state legitimacy. It also expects to demonstrate which sociodemographic and psychographic variables influence on governments’ fragility and the dilution of state legitimacy, which is critical for countries’ stability. For this purpose, we used the available data from the European Social Survey for 2016, and we developed a statistical analysis through variation and regression analysis. The results highlight the strong effect that political disaffection, as well as variables such as religion, immigration perception, citizenship, or emotional state have on state legitimacy and reveal the need for changes in the political parties’ performance and behavior to maintain the countries’ stability.

Neutrino interaction uncertainties are a limiting factor in current and next-generation experiments probing the fundamental physics of neutrinos, a unique window on physics beyond the Standard Model. Neutrino-nucleon scattering amplitudes are an important part of the neutrino interaction program. However, since all modern neutrino detectors are composed primarily of heavy nuclei, knowledge of elementary neutrino-nucleon amplitudes relies heavily on experiments performed in the 1970s and 1980s, whose statistical and systematic precision are insufficient for current needs. In this white paper, we outline the motivation for attempting measurements on hydrogen and deuterium that would improve this knowledge, and we discuss options for making these measurements either with the DUNE near detector or with a dedicated facility., Comment: 66 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021). v2: update author list and added citations

Crises show all the aspects that surround a society, demonstrating whether society is equal to the demands or not. The current COVID-19 pandemic is creating a challenge for all market agents, be they politicians, entrepreneurs, or individuals, where the difficulties are presented every day from different perspectives: social, economic, educational. Therefore, both companies and individuals are implementing numerous solidarity strategies to help society and combat the effects of the health crisis. The question contemplated in this research is if this is the beginning of a new social-business paradigm, in which the results do not take precedence over the social aspects around the business market. And it is in this framework where this research focuses on studying this paradigm shift, analysing the future impact that these solidarity measures of companies will have on society, and therefore on consumer behaviour.

espanolIn this research, it has been analyzed the use of current news from specialized press as an active didactic tool; Being focused on a competency-based framework, active and participatory methodology for university students. The rubrics are used as competency assessment tool, providing transparency to the process and making it suitable for being used in the classroom. Specifically, the transversal competence of analysis and synthesis allows us to identify the key elements of a specific situation. Current news is shown as a didactic tool that creates an environment conductive to learn, assuming a constructivist approach to competencies. Students of Business Economics were asked to analyze and synthesize some current news. Later, were assessed various aspects such as their compliance degree, motivation, interest and perceived utility. The results show a positive predisposition of the students using news, linking the socioeconomic reality with their academic knowledge. EnglishEn esta investigacion se analiza la utilizacion de las noticias de actualidad de prensa especializada como herramienta didactica activa. En el marco del enfoque por competencias, metodologia activa y participativa centrada en el estudiante, las rubricas de evaluacion aparecen como herramientas que aportan transparencia al proceso y son idoneas para evaluar las competencias en el aula. En concreto, la competencia transversal de analisis y sintesis permite identificar los elementos clave en una situacion y las noticias de actualidad se muestran como una herramienta didactica que crea un ambiente propicio para el aprendizaje, al tiempo que supone una aproximacion constructivista a las competencias. Dados estos tres elementos, se planteo a estudiantes universitarios de Economia de la Empresa una tarea de analisis y sintesis de noticias de actualidad y se valoraron diversos aspectos sobre su grado de conformidad, motivacion, interes y utilidad percibida. Los resultados muestran una predisposicion de los estudiantes muy favorable a la utilizacion de noticias que vinculen la realidad socioeconomica con sus conocimientos academicos.

A neutrino community workshop was held at Fermilab in Jan 2020, with the aim of developing an implementation plan for a set of common interfaces to Neutrino Event Generators. This white paper summarizes discussions at the workshop and the resulting plan.

The rare decay $\bar B\to X_s��$ is an important probe of physics beyond the standard model. The largest uncertainty on the total rate and the CP asymmetry arises from resolved photon contributions. These appear first at order $1/m_b$ and are related to operators other than $Q_{7��}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian. One of the three leading contributions, $Q^q_1-Q_{7��}$, is described by a non-local function whose moments are related to HQET parameters. We use recent progress in our knowledge of these parameters to reevaluate the resolved photon contribution to $\bar B\to X_s��$ total rate and CP asymmetry., Text and references added. Journal version

Football is more than a sport, it’s a business that offers an outstanding return for the participants in this business model. However, in recent years it appears that the economic situation of the sport is not as prominent as before and they have begun to detect declines in audiences, reduction of the number of fans in stadiums, etc. In this way, we will formulate a model that will allow us to identify the aspects that influence the loyalty of consumers in sports area. Thus, carry out an analysis of structural equations that will allow us to test the degree of loyalty in sport will be defined both by the quality of the service, as for the level of consumer satisfaction. Thus, we will proceed to an analysis of structural equations that allow us to test that relevant factors in the behavior of the followers will be the reputation of the soccer teams and the degree of satisfaction of the followers.

We reply to misleading claims made in a comment to our work by Birse and McGovern in arXiv:1708.09341., Comment: 3 pages

This talk discusses recent developments in the theory of inclusive radiative B decays, focusing mainly on non-perturbative aspects of the CP asymmetry in B->Xs gamma., Proceedings of CKM 2012, the 7th International Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, University of Cincinnati, USA, 28 September - 2 October 2012

Ponencia presentada en el VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Psicologia Asturias,20-24 Julio, 2010 A pesar de la controversia, hoy en día se acepta que las presentaciones subliminales pueden ser procesadas cognitiva, aunque no conscientemente. En situaciones de ambigüedad o incertidumbre, la exposición a este tipo de estímulos podría inclinar la respuesta en uno u otro sentido.Dado el procesamiento inconsciente de la información visual, las respuestas de los sujetos expuestos a estimulación subliminal serán distintas de los que no la han recibido, ante un mismo estímulo visual. Economía de la Empresa

The CP asymmetry in inclusive B->X_{s,d}+gamma decays is an important probe of new physics. The theoretical prediction was thought to be of a perturbative origin, and in the standard model, to be about 0.5 percent. In a recent work with M. Benzke, S.J. Lee and M. Neubert, we have shown that the asymmetry is in fact dominated by non-perturbative effects. Since these are hard to estimate, it reduces the sensitivity to new physics effects. On the other hand, these new non-perturbative effects suggest a new test of new physics by looking at the difference of the CP asymmetries in charged versus neutral B-meson decays., 4 pages, invited talk at Rencontres de Moriond 2011, QCD and High Energy Interactions, La Thuile, Italy, 20-27 March 2011, to appear in the Proceedings, and eConf C110809 (2012)

Using methods from soft-collinear and heavy-quark effective theory, a systematic factorization analysis is performed for the $\bar B\to X_s��$ photon spectrum in the endpoint region $m_b-2E_��={\cal O}(��_{\rm QCD})$. It is proposed that, to all orders in $1/m_b$, the spectrum obeys a novel factorization formula, which besides terms with the structure $H\,J\otimes S$ familiar from inclusive $\bar B\to X_u l\,\bar��$ decay distributions contains "resolved photon" contributions of the form $H\,J\otimes S\otimes\bar J$ and $H\,J\otimes S\otimes\bar J\otimes\bar J$. Here $S$ and $\bar J$ are new soft and jet functions, whose form is derived. These contributions arise whenever the photon couples to light partons instead of coupling directly to the effective weak interaction. The new contributions appear first at order $1/m_b$ and are related to operators other than $Q_{7��}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian. They give rise to non-vanishing $1/m_b$ corrections to the total decay rate, which cannot be described using a local operator product expansion. A systematic analysis of these effects is performed at tree level in hard and hard-collinear interactions. The resulting uncertainty on the decay rate defined with a cut $E_��>1.6$ GeV is estimated to be approximately $\pm 5%$. It could be reduced by an improved measurement of the isospin asymmetry $��_{0-}$ to the level of $\pm 4%$. We see no possibility to reduce this uncertainty further using reliable theoretical methods., 63 pages, 11 Figures, Journal Version

This talk discusses recent developments in the theory of inclusive radiative B decays, focusing mainly on non-perturbative aspects of B->Xs gamma., Proceedings of CKM2010, the 6th International Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, University of Warwick, UK, 6-10 September 2010

We show that in the Standard Model the parametrically leading (by a factor 1/alpha_s) contribution to the inclusive CP asymmetry in B->X_{s,d}+gamma decays arises from a long-distance effect in the interference of the electromagnetic dipole amplitude with the amplitude for an up-quark penguin transition accompanied by soft gluon emission. This contribution is governed by a single hadronic parameter Lambda_{17}^u related to a matrix elements of a non-local operator. In view of current experimental data, a future precision measurement of the flavor-averaged CP asymmetry in B->X_s+gamma will signal the presence of new physics only if a value below -2% is found. A cleaner probe of new physics is offered by the difference of the CP asymmetries in charged versus neutral B-meson decays., 4 pages

A new class of enhanced non-perturbative corrections to the inclusive B->X_s+gamma decay rate is identified, which contribute first at order Lambda/m_b in the heavy-quark expansion and cannot be described using a local operator product expansion. Instead, these effects are described in terms of hadronic matrix elements of non-local operators with component fields separated by light-like distances. They contribute to the high-energy part of the photon-energy spectrum but do not reduce to local operators when an integral over energy is taken to obtain the total inclusive decay rate. The dominant corrections depend on the flavor of the B-meson spectator quark and are described by tri-local four-quark operators. Their contribution is estimated using the vacuum insertion approximation. The corresponding uncertainty in the total decay rate is found to be at the few percent level. This new effect accounts for the leading contribution to the rate difference between B^- and B^0 mesons., 5 pages, 2 figures; few comments and references added; version to appear in PRD

The last two years have seen an impressive improvement in the determination of $|V_{ub}|$, especially from inclusive decays. The error on $|V_{ub}|$ measured with inclusive decays was reduced from 18% (PDG 2004) to 8% (PDG 2006). This progress is a result of combined experimental and theoretical efforts. In this talk, the theoretical framework (BLNP) that enabled such progress is reviewed, as well as other approaches to an inclusive determination of $|V_{ub}|$ (DGE, $M_X-q^2$ etc.). The prospects of improving $|V_{ub}|$ are discussed, addressing issues of weak annihilation, implications of leptonic B decays, and determination of $|V_{ub}|$ with exclusive decays., Invited talk at International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines (Beauty 2006), Oxford, England, 25-29 Sep 2006

We present ``state-of-the-art'' theoretical expressions for the triple differential B->X_u l^- nu decay rate and for the B->X_s gamma photon spectrum, which incorporate all known contributions and smoothly interpolate between the ``shape-function region'' of large hadronic energy and small invariant mass, and the ``OPE region'' in which all hadronic kinematical variables scale with M_B. The differential rates are given in a form which has no explicit reference to the mass of the b quark, avoiding the associated uncertainties. Dependence on m_b enters indirectly through the properties of the leading shape function, which can be determined by fitting the B->X_s gamma photon spectrum. This eliminates the dominant theoretical uncertainties from predictions for B->X_u l^- nu decay distributions, allowing for a precise determination of |V_{ub}|. In the shape-function region, short-distance and long-distance contributions are factorized at next-to-leading order in renormalization-group improved perturbation theory. Higher-order power corrections include effects from subleading shape functions where they are known. When integrated over sufficiently large portions in phase space, our results reduce to standard OPE expressions up to yet unknown O(alpha_s^2) terms. Predictions are presented for partial B->X_u l^- nu decay rates with various experimental cuts. An elaborate error analysis is performed that contains all significant theoretical uncertainties, including weak annihilation effects. We suggest that the latter can be eliminated by imposing a cut on high lepton invariant mass., 45 pages, 4 figures; several minor revisions, more systematic treatment of subleading shape-function effects, numerical results and tables updated; version to appear in Physical Review D

A new method for a precision measurement of the CKM matrix element |Vub| is discussed, which combines good theoretical control with high efficiency and a powerful discrimination against charm background. The resulting combined theoretical uncertainty on |Vub| is estimated to be 10%., Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX

In the framework of SU(3) symmetry, we present a general analysis of $B$ meson decays into two lighter uncharmed mesons (both pairs of pseudoscalar mesons and pairs of vector and pseudoscalar mesons). From the analysis we find constraints on $\gamma$ and discuss their validity. The most useful new constraint is obtained by considering the decay modes $B^{0} \to K\pi$ and $B^{+} \to \pi^{0}\pi^{+}$. In decays into pairs of vector and pseudeuscalar mesons, no constraints can be obtained using SU(3) symmetry alone and further assumptions are needed. Based on these assumptions, we obtain new (weaker) constraints using $B^{0} \to \rho K/B^{0} \to K^{*}\pi$ and $B^{+} \to \rho\pi$. We show that no other constraints can be obtained. We also suggest a method to measure $\gamma$ using $B^{0}_{s} \to \rho\pi$ and $B^{0} \to K^{*\pm}K^{\mp}$., Comment: 30 pages

We show that coupling of ultralight dark matter (UDM) to quarks and gluons would lead to an oscillation of the nuclear charge radius for both the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) axion and scalar dark matter. Consequently, the resulting oscillation of electronic energy levels could be resolved with optical atomic clocks, and their comparisons can be used to investigate UDM-nuclear couplings, which were previously only accessible with other platforms. We demonstrate this idea using the ${}^2S_{1/2} (F=0)\leftrightarrow {}^2F_{7/2} (F=3)$ electric octupole and ${}^2S_{1/2} (F=0)\leftrightarrow \,{}^2D_{3/2} (F=2)$ electric quadrupole transitions in ${}^{171}Yb^+$. Based on the derived sensitivity coefficients for these two transitions and a long-term comparison of their frequencies using a single trapped ${}^{171}Yb^+$ ion, we find bounds on the scalar UDM-nuclear couplings and the QCD axion decay constant. These results are at a similar level compared to the tightest spectroscopic limits, and future investigations, also with other optical clocks, promise significant improvements., 6+3 pages, 2 figures