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Objective. To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) plus hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for ovarian cancer. Methods. From April 2018 to November 2021, 66 patients with ovarian cancer were admitted to our hospital and randomly allocated to undergo intravenous chemotherapy following CRS (the observation group) or CRS with HIPEC (the experimental group) using a parallel randomized technique, with 33 cases in each group. Clinical effectiveness, intraoperative and postoperative recovery, VEGF level, T-lymphocyte subpopulation cell level, adverse events, and patient survival were all outcome metrics. Results. CRS plus HIPEC was associated with significantly higher clinical efficacy versus CRS alone ( P < 0.05 ). The difference in the intraoperative bleeding and operative time between the two groups did not meet the statistical standard ( P > 0.05 ). Patients in the experimental group experienced shorter postoperative chemotherapy and length of hospital stay than those in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). CRS plus HIPEC resulted in significantly lower levels of VEGFA, VEGFB, and VEGFC and higher levels of CD3+, CD4+, and CD3+/CD4+ than CRS alone ( P < 0.05 ). The two groups of patients had a similar incidence of adverse events ( P > 0.05 ). The experimental group showed a longer median survival (25 months) and a 1-year survival rate (79.55%) than the observation group (22 months, 49.56%) (log rank = 20.411, P < 0.05 ). A significantly lower 1-year recurrence rate was observed in the experimental group than in the observation group ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. CRS plus HIPEC effectively improves the clinical efficacy of ovarian cancer patients, prolongs the survival of patients, and improves the level of VEGF and T-lymphocyte subpopulation cells, with a manageable safety. In addition, the treatment method can improve the therapeutic effect, reduce the toxic and side effects, and improve the immunity of the body, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, often leading to adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure, which is a serious threat to human life and health. The immune system makes an important contribution to the maintenance of normal cardiac function. In the disease process of MI, necrotic cardiomyocytes release signals that activate nonspecific immunity and trigger the action of specific immunity. Complex immune cells play an important role in all stages of MI progression by removing necrotic cardiomyocytes and tissue and promoting the healing of damaged tissue cells. With the development of biomaterials, cardiac patches have become an emerging method of repairing MI, and the development of engineered cardiac patches through the construction of multiple animal models of MI can help treat MI. This review introduces immune cells involved in the development of MI, summarizes the commonly used animal models of MI and the newly developed cardiac patch, so as to provide scientific reference for the accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of MI.

Urban renewal can transform areas that are not adapted to modern urban life, allowing them to redevelop and flourish; however, the renewal process generates many new construction sites, producing environmentally harmful construction dust. The widespread use of urban green plastic cover (GPC) at construction sites and the development of high-resolution satellites have made it possible to extract the spatial distribution of construction sites and provide a basis for environmental protection authorities to protect against dust sources. Existing GPC extraction methods based on remote sensing images are either difficult to obtain the exact boundary of GPC or cannot provide corresponding algorithms according to different application scenarios. In order to determine the distribution of green plastic cover in the built-up area, this paper selects a variety of typical machine learning algorithms to classify the land cover of the test area image and selects K-nearest neighbor as the best machine learning algorithm through accuracy evaluation. Then multiple deep learning methods were used and the top networks with high overall scores were selected by comparing various aspects. Then these networks were used to predict the GPC of the test area image, and the accuracy evaluation results showed that the segmentation accuracy of deep learning was much higher than that of machine learning methods, but it took more time to predict. Therefore, combining different application scenarios, this paper gives the corresponding suggested methods for GPC extraction.

Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small enveloped DNA virus with a complex life cycle. It is the causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis. HBV can resist immune system responses and often causes persistent chronic infections. HBV is the leading cause of liver cancer and cirrhosis. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines with antiviral, immunomodulatory, and antitumor properties. IFNs are glycoproteins with a strong antiviral activity that plays an important role in adaptive and innate immune responses. They are classified into three categories (type I, II, and III) based on the structure of their cell-surface receptors. As an effective drug for controlling chronic viral infections, Type I IFNs are approved to be clinically used for the treatment of HBV infection. The therapeutic effect of interferon will be enhanced when combined with other drugs. IFNs play a biological function by inducing the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the host cells, which are responsible for the inhibiting of HBV replication, transcription, and other important processes. Animal models of HBV, such as chimpanzees, are also important tools for studying IFN treatment and ISG regulation. In the present review, we summarized the recent progress in IFN-HBV treatment and focused on its mechanism through the interaction between HBV and ISGs.

In a search for a solution to large-area soft and hard tissue defects, whether or not tissue regeneration or tissue-substitutes transplantation is used, the problems with angiogenesis need to be solved urgently. Thus, a new and efficient proangiogenic approach is needed. Nanoengineering systems have been considered one of the most promising approaches. In this study, we modify the tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) for the first time with two different angiogenic DNA aptamers to form aptamer-tFNA nanostructures, tFNA-Apt02 and tFNA-AptVEGF, and the effects of them on angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo are investigated. We develop new nanomaterials for enhancing angiogenesis to solve the problem of tissue engineering vascularization and ischemic diseases. The results of our study confirm that tFNA-Apt02 and tFNA-AptVEGF has a stronger ability to accelerate endothelial cell proliferation and migration, tubule formation, spheroid sprouting, and angiogenesis in vivo. We first demonstrate that the engineered novel tFNA-Apt02 and tFNA-AptVEGF have promoting effects on angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo and provide a theoretical basis and opportunity for their application in tissues engineering vascularization and ischemic diseases.

Poor penetrability and nonselective distribution of chemotherapeutic drugs are the main obstacles for chemotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In our work, we developed a DNA-based drug delivery system to surmount these barriers. In addition, a tetrahedral framework nucleic acid (tFNA) was employed to load doxorubicin (DOX) with iRGD decoration to form a novel nanoparticle (tFNA/DOX@iRGD). The RGD sequence and the CendR motif in iRGD are used in tumor targeting and tissue penetration, respectively. Based on the sustained serum stability and pH-sensitive release behavior of DOX, tFNA/DOX@iRGD exhibited superiority for biomedical application. Moreover, tFNA/DOX@iRGD showed excellent deep penetration and drug accumulation in three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroids compared to DOX and tFNA/DOX. Additionally, the therapeutic effect was verified in a 4T1 subcutaneous tumor model, and the complexes displayed a superior antitumor and antiangiogenic efficiency with fewer collateral damages. Therefore, these findings suggested that tFNA/DOX@iRGD might be a more effective pattern for drug delivery and TNBC therapy.

PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway plays an important role in tumor development. mTOR overexpression and PI3K/ Akt/mTOR signaling pathway enhancement were found in endometrial cancer (EC). MiR-101 was found downregulated in EC. Bioinformatics analysis showed the binding site between miR-101 and the 3'-UTR of mTOR mRNA. This study investigated the role of miR-101 in affecting EC proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion, and mediating mTOR expression. EC tumor tissue and normal endometrial tissue were collected from Jinan maternity and child care hospital. MiR-101 and mTOR expressions were detected. The targeted relationship between miR-101 and mTOR was tested by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. MiR-101, mTOR, p-mTOR, and p-4EBP1 expressions between HEEC and HEC-1A cells were compared. HEC-1A cells were cultured in vitro and divided into five groups, including miR-NC, miR-101 mimic, si-NC, si-mTOR, and miR-101 + si-mTOR. mTOR, p-mTOR, and p-4EBP1 expressions were compared. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry. Cell malignant proliferation was evaluated by colony formation assay. Cell invasion was determined by Transwell assay. MiR-101 and mTOR expressions significantly declined in EC tissue compared with normal endometrium. MiR-101 showed targeted relationship with mTOR. MiR-101 reduced, while mTOR, p-mTOR, and p-4EBP1 levels elevated in HEC-1 cells compared with HEEC cells. MiR-101 mimic and/or si-mTOR transfection obviously reduced mTOR, p-mTOR, and p-4EBP1 expressions, decreased colony formation, decreased invasion, and enhanced apoptosis in HEC-1A cells. MiR-101 downregulated and mTOR elevated in EC tissue. MiR-101 decreased HEC-1A cell proliferation and invasion, and upregulated apoptosis through targeting mTOR to attenuate PI3K/Akt/ mTOR signaling pathway activity.

The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. There is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity related to drug-resistant bacterial infections. Self-synthesized tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are used as the drug loading platform to deliver ampicillin to combat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. The results of average dimension, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, and ultraviolet spectrophotometry showed that tFNAs-ampicillin combined with a sufficient encapsulation rate and good stability. tFNAs-ampicillin had a better affinity to MRSA than free ampicillin because it had a better uptake by MRSA cells. Additionally, tFNAs-ampicillin had a better antibacterial effect and lower levels of resistance development than free ampicillin. The downregulation of genes related to bacterial cell wall synthesis (murA and murZ) and upregulation of a gene related to antibiotic sensibility (PBP2) were responsible for the enhanced killing effect of tFNAs-ampicillin against MRSA.

Zirconia is an important dental implant material, yet it surfaces milling method is still under investigation. To explore the feasibility of laser etching in processing fine micro grooves on the surface of zirconia and to observe fine micro groove structure' influence on mouse embryonic osteoblasts, the survey was conducted.31 zirconia discs were made and polished to mirror surface. Then, they were divided into 3 groups: the mirror group, the femtosecond laser ablated microgroove group and the air blasted + acid etched group. Then, the surface properties of zirconia discs were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (SEM/EDS), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), water contact angle test and micro-Vickers hardness test. The biocompatibility of each machined zirconia was tested by cell proliferation test and SEM analyze of cell morphology. Then, the effect of these surface treatment to MC-3T3-E1's osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by Q-PCR test.SEM image showed that the femtosecond laser is a reliable method for forming regular-arranged microgrooves with pitch width of around 5 μm. EDS and XRD indicated that there were stable and purified tetragonal crystal system on the laser-roughened surface. AFM suggested that laser machining generated rougher surface (Ra) (271.7 ± 67.2 nm) than other groups. Furthermore, the contact angle showed laser ablated grooves induced anisotropic wetting. The micro-Vickers hardness test ascertained that laser-ablation strengthened zirconia surface. In vitro experiment showed that MC-3T3-E1 grown along the long axis of microgrooves on the first day. Besides, Real time PCR implied that osteogenesis-related gene expression OPN and ALP was much higher than the rest groups.Femtosecond laser is able to machine zirconia with ultra-fine microgrooves (around 2.5 μm). These structures promoted MC-3T3-E1 cell to line along the microstructure and differentiate into osteogenic cells. Thus, femtosecond laser might be a potential processing options for zirconia micro-texturing.

Machine learning with extensively labeled training samples (e.g., positive and negative data) has received much attention in terms of addressing earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM). However, the extensive amount of labeled training data required by machine learning, particularly the precise negative data (i.e., non-landslide area), cannot be easily and efficiently collected. To address this issue, this study presents a one-class-classifier-based negative data generation method for rapid earthquake-induced LSM. First, an incomplete landslide inventory (i.e., positive data) was produced with the aid of change detection using before-and-after satellite images and the Geographic Information System (GIS). Second, a one-class classifier was utilized to compute the probability of landslide occurrence based on the incomplete landslide inventory followed by the negative data generation from the low landslide susceptibility areas. Third, the positive data as well as the generated negative data (i.e., non-landslide) were compounded to train a traditional binary classifier to produce the final LSM. Experimental results suggest that the proposed method is capable of achieving a result that is comparable to methods using the complete landslide inventory, and it displays good correspondence with recent landslide events, making it a suitable method for rapid earthquake-induced LSM. The findings in this study would be useful in regional disaster planning and risk reduction.

Conventional antiangiogenetic inhibitors suffered from poor delivery problems that result in unsatisfactory antitumor treatment efficacy. Although the liposomes or nanomaterial-based delivery systems can improve the therapeutic efficacy of antiangiogenic molecules, the assembly process is far too complex. Herein, a nanomaterial or a new nanodrug that could work without the help of a carrier and could be easily synthesized is needed. Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) are a kind of ideal nanostructures that could spontaneously enter into the cell and could be synthesized by a relatively easy one-pot method. Here, changing the traditional ligand glutathione (GSH) into an anti-Flt1 peptide (AF) has enriched the newly synthesized AF@AuNCs with targeted antiangiogenic properties. Based on the specific binding between AF and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), the interaction between VEGFR1 and its ligands could be blocked. Furthermore, the expression of VEGFR2 could be downregulated. Compared with pure AF peptide- and GSH-participated AuNCs (GSH@AuNCs), AF@AuNCs were more effective in inhibiting both tube formation and migration of the endothelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, the in vivo chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) experiment and antitumor experiment were conducted to further verify the enhanced antiangiogenesis and tumor inhibition effect of AF@AuNCs. Our findings provide promising evidence of a carrier-free nanodrug for tumors and other vascular hyperproliferative diseases.

Xiangming Deng,1 Jinlong Teng,1 Xiucheng Nong,1 Bihan Yu,1 Liying Tang,2,* Jinsong Liang,3 Zhuocheng Zou,1,* Qiang Liu,2,* Lu Zhou,4 Qirong Li,5 Lihua Zhao1 1Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China; 2The Xinhu Outpatient Clinic of the People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China; 4Medical Examination Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China; 5Renai Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lihua ZhaoDepartment of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Dongge Road & 89-9, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 130 06913108Email zhaolh67@163.comQirong LiDepartment of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Renai Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Mingxiu East Road & 179, Nanning, 530023, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 136 07717755Email 632481428@qq.comIntroduction: The incidence of Alzheimer’s disease is on the rise, early detection of cognitive impairment of the elderly is very important. In traditional Chinese medicine, constitution is related to the susceptibility of the human body to diseases. Based on the theory of constitution of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the human population can be classified into 9 constitutions. However, little is known about the characteristics of medical constitution and related biomarkers in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Methods: We measured the TCM Constitution of 214 subjects by using the Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire (CCMQ). MMSE and MoCA were used to assess cognitive function. The subjects were divided into mild cognitive impairment group (MCI, n = 152) and normal control group (NC, n = 62). The levels of serum Hcy and serum/urine 8-iso-PGF 2α were determined.Results: 1) It was found that there was a significant difference in constitution types between MCI and NC. There were significant differences in MMSE and MoCA score, serum Hcy and serum/urine 8-iso-PGF 2a levels between the two groups. 2) In logistic regression analysis, the variables with statistical significance were TCM Constitution of Yang-Deficient, Phlegm-Dampness, Blood-Stasis and abnormal increase of Hcy (OR> 1). 3) The MoCA scores had a positive correlation with the MMSE. A statistically significant inverse association was found between serum Hcy, blood and urine 8-iso-PGF 2a and scores of cognitive assessment in MCI.Conclusion: Constitution types (Yang-Deficient, Phlegm-Dampness and Blood-Stasis) and abnormal serum Hcy elevation can be used as risk factors for MCI. MoCA scores can serve to detect MCI at early stage. Serum/urine 8-iso-PGF 2α has a certain relationship with MCI. Higher levels of serum/urine 8-iso–PGF 2α are more likely to be associated with MCI risk.Keywords: cognitive impairment, constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine, biomarkers, MoCA score

The overuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. There is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity related to drug-resistant bacterial infections. Self-synthesized tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) are used as the drug loading platform to deliver ampicillin to combat methicillin-resistant

Biosensors utilizing intact live cells can report responses to certain stimuli rapidly and sensitively and have attracted a great deal of attention. The expression pattern of HSPA6, a little studied HSPA family member, has contributed to the development of multifunctional and intelligent whole-cell sensors. Herein, a new pHSPA6-based EGFP fluorescent reporter cell line was designed and developed via a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in strategy. The fluorescent reporter cell line has a precise EGFP integration site and gene copy number, and no selectable marker genes were introduced during the selection processes. Stimulation experiments with HSPA6-specific stressors indicated that EGFP fluorescent reporter cells could rapidly and effectively convert stress signals into EGFP fluorescent signals. Furthermore, cell proliferation and gene expression pattern analysis showed that the fluorescent reporter cells grew well and that both the integrated EGFP gene and the pHSPA6 gene were expressed rapidly and sensitively in response to stimulation. This study provides a new strategy for the construction of a cell model for HSPA6 expression/interaction and an intelligent live cell sensor, which can potentially be applied to numerous fields, such as those focusing on cellular models of HSPA6 signaling cascades, biomaterials, food security, environmental assessment, and drug screening.

In this paper, an interdigital-type resonator with strong electric coupling is proposed for the wideband high-frequency (>10 GHz) filter design. The proposed microstrip resonator consists of an H-shaped main line part with its both ends installed with interdigital finger parts. Strong electric coupling is achieved between adjacent resonators. A six-pole high-temperature superconducting filter at Ku-band using this resonator is designed and fabricated. The filter has a center frequency of 15.11 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 30%. The insertion loss of the passband is less than 0.3 dB, and the return loss is greater than 14 dB without any tuning.

Background Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a rapid acting and effective treatment for both major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BP). Both propofol and ketamine are commonly used anesthetic agents but recent clinical studies suggest that ketamine has rapid-acting antidepressant properties, itself, at sub-anesthetic doses. Methods A total of 77 inpatients (41 MDD and 36 BP) were randomly assigned to receive ECT with propofol (1 mg/kg) anesthesia or with ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) plus propofol (0.5 mg/kg). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) and Montgomery–Asberg Rating Scale (MADRS), before and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 ECT treatments, and 1–4 weeks following the last treatment. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was evaluated at baseline,after the sixth ECT, and 1–4 weeks following the final ECT. Adverse effects were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks after the last treatment. Results There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms, MCCB performance, or adverse effects between the treatment groups at any time. The electrical dose required to generate seizures in the ketamine plus propofol group was lower than that of the propofol only group at every time point. The seizure energy index and seizure duration in the ketamine plus propofol group was higher and longer than those in the propofol only group. Limitations The diagnoses of MDD and BP were unevenly distributed across treatment groups. Conclusions Ketamine plus propofol anesthesia in the ECT treatment of MDD and BP was not superior on any measure to propofol alone.

Paclitaxel (PTX) is an effective drug against diseases such as lung cancer, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer. However, multidrug resistance limits the clinical applications of this drug. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) offer great promise as a drug delivery candidate. In our study, we prepared TDNs that were subsequently loaded with PTX (PTX/TDNs). The cytotoxicity of PTX/TDNs and PTX alone on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells (A549) and the PTX-resistant cell line (A549/T) was determined using a cell count kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. PTX/TDNs exerted strong lethality on both cell lines. Moreover, drug resistance was overcome. Furthermore, the mechanisms used by PTX/TDNs to overcome drug resistance were studied. The expression of mdr 1 gene and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in A549/T was found to be downregulated, thus indicating that TDNs serve as a P-gp inhibitor. We also showed that PTX/TDNs killed cancer cells via apoptosis. Thus, PTX/TDNs have great potential for use as a nanodelivery system for the treatment of PTX-resistant NSCLC.

The effect of the output impedance of peaking power amplifier (PA) on Doherty PAs (DPAs) is analyzed in this paper. In the design procedure of DPAs, the ideal case is that the output impedance of auxiliary PA is infinite at output power back-off (OPBO) level. However, it is almost impossible to realize this perfect condition in broadband DPAs. Therefore, when the output impedance of peaking path deviates from infinity, some potential effects on DPAs must be produced. In this paper, these effects are explained at the internal plane of transistors. The conclusion is that, at different normalized frequencies, there are different optimal impedance regions for the output impedance of peaking stage. This means that the noninfinite output impedances of peaking stage can enhance the performances of broadband DPAs so long as they are elaborately processed. A 1.65–2.7-GHz (48% bandwidth) broadband DPA is designed considering the effects of peaking PA. The experimental results show that this DPA obtains a drain efficiency of 41%–59.6% at 6-dB OPBO levels and a drain efficiency of 55.8%–72.2% at saturation power levels. The maximum output power across the entire operating band is 43.1–45.2 dBm with a gain of 9.0–10.2 dB. Furthermore, the designed DPA achieves an adjacent channel leakage ratio of −45.8 dBc with an output power of 36.1 dBm at 2.0 GHz after digital predistortion when it is excited by 5-MHz WCDMA signal with a peaking-to-average power ratio of 8.6 dB.

The application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) is of ever-increasing importance in the treatment of malignant tumors; however, there are several major constraints that make it impossible to achieve optimal therapeutic effects. Our objective is to develop a novel photosensitizing drug for skin cancer. In the experiment, we fabricated four-arm-poly ethylene glycol modified amino-rich graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets (AGCN-PEG), which have good stability in physiological solution and show selective accumulation in tumor cells. Under hypoxic conditions, the AGCN-PEG induced PDT can effectively inhibit growth on A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells in vivo and in vitro. What's more, after being combined with TMPyP4, the therapeutic effect of AGCN-PEG was greatly improved.

Projective: HIF-1α is highly expressed in the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231), which is lack of the expression of ER,PR and HER2 and exhibits high invasive and metastatic ability. Previous study detected that siRNA targeting HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 restrained the cell growth and the abilities of immigration and invasion, and promoted apoptosis. UCH-L3 protein was found to be one of the differential proteins detected by Bidirectional gel Electrophoresis and Proteomics in the cells with HIF-1α siRNA cells comparing to no-siRNA cells. The objective of this study is to probe the effect of UCH-L3 on the biological behaviors of the triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). Methods: Over or blocking expressions of UCH-L3 were established by the transfections with lentiviral constitutive vector and siRNA targeting UCH-L3 respectively. Real time quantitative PCR and Western blot or Co-ip were used to detect the mRNA and proteins. CCK8, and clone formation assays were to evaluate the cell growth and clonality. Matrigel Transwell and Would Scratch assay were used to estimate the cell invasion and mobility. Results: The over-expression of UCH-L3 inhibited the cell growth and clonality, weaken the abilities of cell immigration and invasion, and lowered the expression of free and ubiquitined HIF-1α in MDA-MB-231 cells with lentiviral vector comparing to those in the cells with control vector. Application of proteolytic enzyme inhibitor, MG132 increased the protein level of UCH-L3 but still decreased the protein level of HIF-1α in the cells with UCH-L3 over-expression. Blocking UCH-L3 expression by siRNA technique increased the expression of HIF-1α properly. Conclusion: high expression of UCH-L3 showed an inhibitory effect on the biological behaviors of triple negative breast cancer cell and negative effect on HIF-1α expression, implying that UCH-L3 likely to be a therapeutic strategy for triple negative breast cancer.

Photosensitizers are crucial for photodynamic therapy. However, conventional photosensitizers have poor selectivity, and their targeted delivery by nanocarriers has become a major research focus. The aim of this study was to construct a targeted delivery system for new photosensitizers using aptamer-guided DNA tetrahedra. Mucin 1 protein is overexpressed in some cancer cells. The sequence of a Mucin 1 aptamer (MUC1) was linked to a DNA tetrahedron to form MUC1 aptamer-modified tetrahedral nanostructures (MUC1-TDNs) for the selective targeting of MUC1-positive tumor cells. The photosensitizer, TMPyP4, was loaded into MUC1-TDNs owing to the high affinity of TMPyP4 for DNA; consequently, a targeted photosensitizer delivery system (MUC1-TDNs-TMPyP4, MTT) was obtained. This system allowed for the selective delivery of TMPyP4 to MUC1-positive cancer cells. Moreover, MTT promoted the production of reactive oxygen species as well as cytotoxicity in MUC1-positive cells, while less killing effect were observed in MUC1-negative cells. We designed a MUC1-targeted delivery system of photosensitizers based on DNA tetrahedron, thus providing a new approach for the targeted release of photosensitizers.

Trophoblastic dysfunction, such as insufficient migration and invasion, is well-known to be correlated with preeclampsia (PE). Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in diverse biological processes and human diseases, including PE. However, the expression and functions of miRNAs in the progression of PE, especially in the regulation of trophoblast cell migration and invasion remain largely unclear. Here, we compared the miRNAs expression profiles of PE patients with healthy controls using microarray assay and chose a significant increased miRNA-miR-34a-5p for further investigation. Overexpression of miR-34a-5p dramatically reduced migration and invasion in trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells, whereas enhanced by its inhibitor. Luciferase activity assay showed that miR-34a-5p directly target Smad family member 4 (Smad4), which is associated with cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis. We also found that Smad4 was down-regulated in PE patients, and an inverse relationship between Smad4 and miR-34a-5p expression levels was observed in placental tissues from PE patients. Further study showed that knockdown of Smad4 effectively attenuated the promoting effects of miR-34a-5p inhibition on the migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that inhibition of miR-34a-5p improves invasion and migration of trophoblast cells by directly targetting Smad4, which indicated the potential of miR-34a-5p as a therapeutic target against PE.

Production in shale is highly related to the well placement in both sweetspot and fracable zone. Due to both, market conditions and also shale property, geosteering in tight shale reservoirs have generally employed basic and economical steering tools, such as gamma ray; however, though the tool provides some data to steer the well, the data provided does not allow for predictions of fracability and production potential of the shale rock. This paper introduces a new geosteering approach, which augments existing techniques by providing data to also help well placement, then design stage and perforation location. This novel formation evaluation technique is essentially building a quantitative model of "sweetspot fracable window" for shale, which can help to land and target most prospective zones. The main quantitative data is obtained through measurement of cuttings samples at well-site in semi-realtime on a field portable SEM (Ashton et. al., 2013), generating the mineralogical and elemental composition of the samples, and also providing rock textural data. Although cuttings are evaluated after the well being drilled, cuttings are only physical representative rock samples from the bottom of the hole.Case studies presented in the paper have shown that maintaining the well path in the sweetspot fracable window can result in better well production after fracturing. Thus, the goal for geosteering is to ensure as much as possible that the horizontal well trajectory is maintained within this window. Additionally, the cuttings data generated during the drilling process can also be used both during and after TD to generate optimized completion design, aiming to further maximize well productivity. The cases’ study in this paper also shows that, compared with conventional wireline logging data, the on-location cutting based analysis is able to generate richer mineralogical and elemental data throughout lateral wells, providing a better understanding of geological heterogeneity. Meanwhile, the authors also apply several strategies to calibrate the cutting depths and cuttings’ time lags.The authors created an approach, which can provide a fast analysis for enhanced reservoir navigation, to keep the well trajectory within a predefined sweetspot fracable zone. The production analysis of the wells, hereafter, verifies that the higher the rate of intersecting into sweetspot fracable zone, the higher production the well receives. This approach then assists in generating cost-effective completion optimization of stage placement and perforation, with the ultimate goal of increasing the investment returns.In conclusion, the production statistics of the wells verifies the higher rate of intersecting into sweetspot fracable zone, the higher production the well receives. The goal for geosteering is to ensure as much as possible that the horizontal well trajectory is maintained within this window.

Changes of micro-ribonucleic acid-182 (miR-182) level in cases of intrauterine infection were investigated to explore the association between miR-182 level change and brain injury in premature infants. A total of 257 preterm infants born in obstetrics department of Jinan Maternity and Child Care Hospital from February 2015 to February 2017 were enrolled in this study. These preterm infants were divided into infected group (n=113) and uninfected group (n=144) based on pathological diagnosis results. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was employed to detect miR-182 level in amniotic fluid. Bregmatic sagittal and coronal plus lateral fontanel craniocerebral ultrasound, craniocerebral computed tomography (CT) and craniocerebral magnetic resonance imaging examinations were conducted in these preterm infants within one week after birth, and the results were recorded. The relationship between intrauterine infection and brain injury in premature infants was analyzed, and the association of miR-182 level with brain injury was explored. According to pathological diagnoses, brain injury was found in 61 of 113 infants in the infected group, with an incidence rate of 54.0%; and 28 of 144 infants in uninfected group, with an incidence rate of 19.4%; among them, 3 had placental infection caused by intrauterine infection in pregnant women, and all preterm infants had brain damage. Risk value of brain injury in premature infants due to intrauterine infection was hazard ratio (HR) = 2.2611, χ2=33.798, P

In this letter, a series of inverse continuous modes for implementing highly efficient broadband power amplifiers (PAs) are proposed. These series of inverse continuous modes are extended from continuous Class-F−1 mode. A broadband PA, which operates across 2.4–3.9 GHz, is designed based on the series of inverse continuous modes (SICMs). The experimental results show that this power amplifier achieve drain efficiency of 62.2%–74.7% in the whole interesting band. The average output power of this designed PA is 11.9 W with average drain efficiency of 68.1%.

An extended Class-B to Class-J continuum mode is presented and a power amplifier(PA) based on this theory is realized in this paper. The enhanced voltage waveform formulation, which gives multiple impedances solutions of the fundamental and harmonics for the target performance by adding the harmonic elements, has been described mathematically. Unlike conventional continuous Class-J mode, the optimal impedance solutions of the new mode can contain real and imaginary parts of arbitrary even harmonics. To verify this theory, a high-efficiency PA from 2.85–4.25 GHz is designed at the package plane. The measurement results illustrate that the fabricated PA outputs 11.7–15.8 W saturation power with drain efficiency(DE) of 58% to 78% and PAE of 54.5%–74% across the entire band. For a 5 MHz WCDMA signal with a peak-to-average ratio (PAR) of 8.6 dB, an adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of −31.5 to −38 dBc is measured at an average DE of 38%–48% when the output power $(P_{\mathrm{out}})$ is 36 dBm from 2.85–4.25 GHz.

In this letter, the bandwidth of the series of continuous modes (SCMs) power amplifiers (PAs) is extended. The SCMs are composed of a series of continuous working modes between Class-B/J and Class-F continuums. The second harmonic load of the series of continuums is purely reactive. By introducing resistive part to the purely reactive second harmonic load of the series of continuous modes, the operation bandwidth of power amplifiers is expanded. A broadband PA working across 0.8–3.05 GHz (117% bandwidth) is simulated and fabricated. Experimental results show that the drain efficiencies in interesting band are 57.4%–79%. The fabricated PA can deliver output power of 10.1–20.7 W.

Poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) (PMP)/elastomer (ethylene–propylene–diene monomer (EPDM), polyolefin elastomer (POE), and styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)) blends with various mass fraction were prepared using a twin-screw extruder in the melt state. Mechanical properties, the fracture morphology, melting and crystallization behavior, and melt flow rate of PMP and PMP/elastomer blends were investigated by universal testing machine, differential scanning calorimeter, scanning electron microscopy, and melt flow indexer. The effect of elastomer and their content on the microstructure and properties of the PMP/elastomer blends were discussed. The results showed that EPDM, POE, and SBS all had good effect on PMP toughening. Therein, PMP/POE blends had the best comprehensive property, which was attributed to the comprehensive effects of phase morphology, molecular chains tangle, and the degree of crystallinity of PMP phase.

This paper presents the modeling and optimization of a manifold-coupled superconducting quadruplexer at VHF-band. The quadruplexer consists of four individually designed channel filters with a bandwidth of 400 kHz centered at 216, 224, 232, and 240 MHz, respectively, connected to a common manifold. The complex interactions between the channel filters make the design and optimization of the quadruplexer difficult and even impossible. An equivalent circuit for the manifold and the capacitive external couplings of the four channel filters in the quadruplexer is presented. The parameters of the equivalent circuit are accurately extracted from electromagnetic simulations. Afterward, the equivalent circuit is optimized to compensate for the interactions between the channel filters and obtain a good common-port return loss and channel transfer characteristics. Thereafter, the design of the individual channel filters is improved according to the optimized parameters of the equivalent circuit. The superconducting quadruplexer is successfully designed and fabricated. The measurements show high performance and match well with the simulations. The experimental insertion losses of the four channels are less than 0.45 dB, the center frequency discrepancies of the four channels are less than 40 kHz, the common-port return loss is greater than 16.3 dB, and the out-of-band rejection is higher than 90 dB. Moreover, a high isolation greater than 75 dB between the channels is achieved.

Here we present six key parameters that have been applied to evaluate the Silurian Longmaxi shale gas accumulations of southern Sichuan Province. These parameters include richness of organic matter, single layer shale thickness, burial depth of the shale, maturity, shale properties, and brittle mineral content. In combination with drilling data, the lower limits of these six parameters for marine shale gas have been evaluated and the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Organic carbon recovery, gas content inversion, and production tests have been applied for the first time to measure the lower limit of TOC, which is determined to be 1.0%. (2) Based on the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion theory for source rocks and the characteristics of Longmaxi shale, the lower limit of the single-layer thickness is estimated to be 30 m, of which a thickness of at least 15 m should contain high-quality shale. (3) Based on the correlation of TOC and porosity, the lower limit of gas-filled porosity is 1.2%. (4) Other parameters, such as maturity, burial depth, and brittle mineral content have also been studied with regard to the geologic conditions of southern Sichuan. Based on the study results, an evaluation index system has been established for highly evolved marine shale gas, and the system has been applied successfully to geologically screened shale gas occurrences in southern Sichuan Province.

An semi-analytic method is proposed to reduce the complexity of two-stage matching network (MN). It is also improved by adding a variable in the power supply branch for cutting down the size of MN. The first stage operates in a deep class AB mode, which would contribute to reshape the voltage form at gate of the second stage. In this way, the two-stage power amplifier without isolator could also achieve a good gain and efficiency performance. The experimental results show that the large signal gain is 31.3–35.5 dB with output power of 39.2–41.9 dBm in the band of 0.9–2 GHz and corresponding drain efficiency is 37.4–62%. And linearity performance is also evaluated via stimulus of 5 MHz WCDMA and 20 MHz LTE signals.

In this paper, a method for designing generalized continuous harmonic-tuned power amplifier (PA) is introduced. A more generalized continuum mode is presented by combining the resistive-reactive continuous Class-F mode and resistive-reactive continuous inverse Class-F mode. The strict harmonic impedances termination conditions are relaxed. Also, as the effect of the nonlinear capacitance, the design focus more on the fundamental impedances matching. And a broadband PA is designed based on this method. The output power is more than 12W with the gain over 11dB form 2.4 to 3.75 GHz. And the drain efficiency (DE) is from 66% to 71% across the design band.

In this paper, a hybrid continuous inverse mode for designing broadband high-efficiency power amplifiers (PAs) is for the first time analyzed mathematically. The hybrid continuous inverse mode contains the classical continuous inverse Class-F mode, the continuous inverse F mode with maximally flat current waveforms and the inverse Class-B to Class-J continuum mode and so on, which provides alternative design space for realizing the broadband high-efficiency PAs. And a high-efficiency PA at the center frequency of 3.45 GHz is designed to verify this theory. Experimental results show that the implemented PA can output 10.5–16 W saturation power with drain efficiency (DE) over 70% from 3.2 to 3.7 GHz. Meanwhile, for a 5 MHz two-tone signal, drain efficiency of 40.3%–48% is measured with an average output power of 34–36.5 dBm at a two-tone carrier-to-intermodulation ratio (C/I) of 30 dBc.

The Sinian Dengying Formation gas pool in Weiyuan is the oldest large-scale sulfur-bearing gas field in China, which has a H2S content ranging from 0.8% to 1.4%. The Cambrian Xixiangchi Formation gas pool discovered recently above the Dengying Formation contains gas geochemical behaviors similar to those of Dengying Formation but different in sulfur isotopes of H2S. Investigations show that though these two Sinian and Cambrian gas pools are separate ones, they share the same Cambrian source rock. The higher dry coefficient, heavier carbon isotopes, sulfur isotopes of sulfide, lower filling of gas pools, formation water characteristics, reservoir properties and H2S distribution, indicate that H2S in both the Sinian and Cambrian gas pools originates from TSR. The sulfur isotopes of sulfates have shown that H2S was formed in respective pools, namely hydrocarbons charged into the pools reacted with the Dengying Formation and the Xixiangchi Formation gypsum (TSR), respectively, to form H2S. Compared with sulfur isotopes of sulfates in each pool, δ34S values of H2S are 8‰ lighter for the Dengying Formation pool and 12‰ lighter for the Xixiangchi Formation pool, respectively, which is attributed to the difference in temperatures of TSR occurrence. The reservoir temperature of the Xixiangchi Formation pool is about 40°C lower than that of the Dengying Formation pool. Temperature plays a controlling role in both the sulfur isotopic fractionation and amounts of H2S generation during TSR.

Background Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a growing clinical challenge. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective tool for TRD treatment. However, there remains a subset of patients who do not respond to this treatment with common anesthetic agent. Ketamine, a noteworthy anesthetic agent, has emerged as an augmentation to enhance the antidepressant efficacy of ECT. Trials of i.v. ketamine in TRD indicated dose-related mood enhancing efficacy. We aimed to explore anesthetic and subanesthetic concentrations of ketamine in ECT for TRD with respect to their impact on mood and neuropsychological effects. Methods Ninety TRD patients (36 males, 54 females; average age, 30.6 years old) were randomly assigned to receive either ketamine (0.8 mg/kg) (n=30), subanesthetic ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) plus propofol (0.5 mg/kg) (n=30) or propofol (0.8 mg/kg) (n=30) as an anesthetic and underwent 8 ECT sessions. The primary outcome measures were the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS-17), cognitive assessments and seizure parameters. Results The ketamine group had an earlier improvement in HDRS-17, longer seizure duration, lower electric quantity, a higher remission rate, and a lower degree of executive cognitive impairment compared to the ketamine+propofol and propofol groups. The ketamine+propofol group showed earlier improvement in the HDRS-17, a longer seizure duration and a different seizure energy index when compared to the propofol group. Limitations The postoperative dissociative side effect was not assessed. Conclusions Both anesthetic and subanesthetic concentrations of ketamine have rapid mood enhancing actions in ECT for TRD, while anesthetic concentrations results in larger magnitudes of antidepression and cognitive protection. ECT with ketamine anesthesia might be an optimized therapy for patients with TRD.

This article presents a 10-pole high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wideband microstrip bandpass filter with a novel configuration and compact size.The filter at 10 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 40% is designed and fabricated on a 32.6 mm × 6.7 mm × 0.5 mm MgO substrate with double-sided YBCO films. The internal couplings between quarter-wavelength resonators are realized by parallel-coupled microstrip line (PCML) structure and capacitive open-ended stubs. The strong external couplings required by wideband filter are realized by impedance steps and capacitive stubs. The measured results at 55 K, without any tuning, show a high performance. The insertion loss is less than 0.31 dB, the return loss is better than −14 dB, and the out-of-band rejection is higher than 70 dB. The overall measurements are in good agreement with the simulations. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:1027–1029, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27485

A superconducting resonator, consisting of a microstrip spiral and a 2 b interdigital capacitor array, is proposed. The resonator has a measured unloaded Q over 51 000 in all four states. A two-pole reconfigurable superconducting filter at P-band with a fractional bandwidth of 1% is designed with this resonator and fabricated. The measurements show that the tuning range of the center frequency is from 499.4 to 484.9 MHz with insertion losses of less than 0.1 dB in all four states, and are in good agreement with the simulations.

This paper presents a high-temperature superconducting filter at 7.42 GHz with an improved upper-stopband performance. U-type stepped-impedance resonators are used to relocate the spurious frequency and realize wide stopband response. The compact resonators also reduce the filter size and push away the housing box resonant frequencies. Open stubs are introduced at the midpoints of the resonators to provide additional transmission zeros, which can improve both the band-edge steepness and the out-of-band rejection of the upper stopband. As a result, the spurious response of the filter is relocated to above 18 GHz, and the out-of-band rejection is higher than 70 dB.

This letter presents the design, fabrication, and measurements of a high-temperature superconducting (HTS) filter at 16 GHz with a 100-MHz bandwidth. The main aspects of achieving high performance narrowband filter at such high frequency are analyzed and addressed. Simple rectangular resonators and end-coupled structure are used in the design to achieve high quality factor (Q), weak coupling, and good parasitic response. The measurements of the seven-pole HTS filter, without any tuning, exhibit a high performance. The insertion loss is less than 1.1 dB, equivalent of a resonator Q about 6100. The return loss is better than −15 dB, and the out-of-band rejection is over 70 dB up to 29.3 GHz. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:1514–1516, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26816

Depression is a common emotional disorder associated with increased risk of suicide and rate of disability. In this double-blinded control study, we tested the efficacy of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in patients with treatment resistant depression (TRD) using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). The total scores of HAMD were found to be significantly decreased after the treatment. The genotyping of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) was carried out with polymerase chain reaction-based testing. Our results demonstrated that frequency of mutant COMT alleles in TRD patients was significantly higher than that of the controls indicating a correlation of the enzyme genotype to the occurrence of TRD. Moreover, the patients homozygous for wild-type COMT gene (G/G) were evidenced to be more sensitive to MECT treatment than those with an heterozygous mutant genotype (A/G).

This paper presents the design, fabrication, and performance of a compact high temperature superconducting duplexer at VHF-band. The duplexer consists of a T -junction and two four-pole filters with an ultra-narrow bandwidth of 400 kHz at 216 MHz and 220 MHz, respectively. By using gap-coupled feedlines in the filter design procedure, the duplexer is constructed by connecting the two filters using a T -junction with short-length branches. The two filters are fabricated on separate substrates and are carefully packaged to achieve a high isolation between the duplexer channels. The duplexer has a compact size of 41.6 mm × 28 mm. The measured results at 73 K show a high performance. The return loss is −17 dB, the insertion losses of both channels are less than 0.16 dB, and the out-of-band rejections are higher than 60 dB. The isolation between the two channels is better than 76 dB.

This paper proposes a modified spiral resonator with a tight three-turn spiral and inner/outer tails. The resonator has good spurious response because the mutual inductances between the three turns at the fundamental mode are positive and thus reduce the fundamental resonant frequency f0, whereas those at the first spurious mode are negative and increase the first spurious resonant frequency fS. By further optimizing the lengths of the spiral and inner/outer tails of the proposed resonator, a spurious resonant frequency fS up to 3.4 f0 is obtained. Moreover, the couplings between such resonators at spurious modes are much weaker than that at the fundamental mode, which is helpful to suppress the spurious response of bandpass filters consisting of such resonators. Furthermore, three dissimilar types of resonators with the same fundamental frequency but with different spurious resonant frequencies are used to compose a bandpass filter and further suppress the spurious response in the stopband. With these methods, a ten-pole superconducting filter at 360 MHz with a 15-MHz bandwidth is successfully designed and fabricated on a LaAlO3 substrate. The overall measurements show a high performance and agree very well with the simulations. The maximum insertion loss is 0.15 dB, the return loss is greater than 19 dB, and the rectangle coefficient (the ratio between the 40-dB bandwidth and the 3-dB bandwidth) is 1.35. Moreover, the out-of-band rejection is higher than 76 dB up to 2030 MHz, which is 5.64 f0. The ten-pole filter occupies a compact area of 33 mm × 15 mm, which amounts to only 0.15 λg0 × 0.07 λg0, where λg0 is the guided wavelength of the 50-Ω line on the substrate at f0.