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Drains for surgical wound management are frequently used in spine surgery. They are often used to decrease the incidence of postoperative hematoma and decrease wound tension. No conclusive evidence in the literature supports using drains to avoid complications in degenerative lumbar spine surgery.We aimed to evaluate wound drains in patients with lumbar arthrodesis for degenerative disorders based on clinical outcomes, complications, hematocrit, and length of stay.A multicenter randomized prospective controlled clinical trial.We enrolled surgical candidates for posterior lumbar decompression and fusion surgery for degenerative disorders from October 2019 to August 2021. Patients were randomized into the drain or nondrain group at nine hospitals. The inclusion criteria were as follows: patients aged 40 to 80 years with lumbar and radicular pain, lumbar degenerative disorder, and primary surgery up to three levels. The exclusion criteria were bleeding abnormalities, bleeding2,500 mL and dural tears.Preoperative data including Oswestry disability index (ODI), SF-36, lumbar and lower extremity visual analog scale (VAS), body mass index (BMI), hematocrit, and temperature were recorded. Surgical parameters, including surgical time, complications, estimated blood loss (EBL), postoperative temperature and hematocrit (days 1 and 4), dressing saturation, and length of hospital stay (LOS), were registered.The two groups were assessed preoperatively, perioperatively and at the 1-month follow-up. A REDCap database was used for registration. Data analysis was performed using classical statistics.One hundred one patients were enrolled using the Redcap database, and 93 patients were evaluated at the final follow-up. Forty-five patients were randomized to the drain group, and 48 were randomized to the nondrain group. The preoperative characteristics were equivalent in both groups: demographic aspects, pain, ODI, SF-36, BMI, hematocrit, and spine pathology. Surgical time, EBL and complications were similar, with no difference between the groups. No difference was found between BMI and complications. No difference was observed in dressing saturation or postoperative temperature between the groups. The postoperative day 4 hematocrit was higher in the nondrain group [36.4% (32-39)] than in the drain group [34% (29.7-37.6)] without statistically differences (p=.054). The LOS was higher in the drain group [4 (3-5) days] than in the nondrain group [3 (2-4) days] (p=.007). The quality-of-life score, SF-36, was higher in the nondrain group [67.9 (53.6-79.2)] than in the drain group [56.7 (49.1-66)] (p=.043).Nondrain patients presented shorter LOS and better outcomes, with similar complication rates. No difference was found between BMI and complications. Based on this study, in patients undergoing primary posterior spinal decompression and fusion up to three levels for degenerative lumbar disorders, we do not recommend the use of postoperative drains. more...

La Universidad Nacional del Nordeste (UNNE) implementó en el año 2017 un Plan Estratégico de Emprendedorismo a tres años denominado “Generación de Cultura Emprendedora en la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste con impacto en el Medio”, el cual fue aprobado y financiado por la Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias del Ministerio de Educación y Deportes de la República Argentina, mediante Resolución N° 2017-3307, El presente trabajo, se realizó con el objetivo de mostrar la motivación que impulsó a todo el equipo que trabaja dentro de la UNNE en el desarrollo de competencias emprendedoras a diseñar un Plan Estratégico a tres años, la experiencia de la implementación y los resultados obtenidos. De esta manera, se pretende aportar a la práctica emprendedora y a la discusión e investigación de nuevos caminos a seguir para promover la cultura emprendedora en las universidades y su región de pertenencia. El camino recorrido, ha implicado un continuo transitar por lecciones aprendidas, las actividades actuales son producto de aciertos y errores vividos, y de la evaluación y ajuste permanente de las diferentes propuestas desarrolladas. more...

The aim of this study was to determine the preoperative characteristics influencing hypotensive efficacy of the XEN45 gel stent in patients with open-angle glaucoma at one-year follow-up.This was a retrospective multicentre study. All patients who underwent XEN45 gel stent implantation between January 2017 and January 2021 were included. The main study outcome was the assessment of one-year postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma medication differences according to the number and type of preoperative topical treatments or glaucoma surgery, glaucoma stage and time since diagnosis. Follow-up period was 1-year post-surgery in all cases. IOP reduction and surgery success (not requiring reoperation or pressure failures [IOP 18 mmHg and 20% reduction in IOP]), safety and cost savings in topical glaucoma therapy after surgery were secondarily assessed. Linear regression analysis to determine the preoperative parameters influence on 1-year postoperative results was performed.XEN45 gel stent was implanted in 85 patients. One-year postoperative mean IOP dropped from 20.6 ± 4.1 to 13.7 ± 2.8 mmHg (p 0.0001). Likewise, mean number of topical treatments decreased from 2.05 ± 0.9 to 0.36 ± 0.65 (p 0.001). Both were mainly influenced by the number of preoperative glaucoma treatments, such that for each one-glaucoma medication increase, postoperative intraocular pressure increased by 1.18 mmHg (95% CI 0.56-1.79, p 0.0001) and number of glaucoma medications increased by 0.3 (95% CI 0.16-0.43, p 0.001). Overall success rates (with and without supplemental glaucoma medication use) were 97.6% (95% CI 94.5-100%), 87.1% (95% CI 80.2-87.1%) and 61.2% (95% CI 51.6-72.5%) at 3, 6 months and 1 year after surgery. No sight-threatening adverse events were reported. Mean annual cost savings on medical treatment since surgery reached EUR 251.19 ± 169. 93 euros.One year after surgery, XEN45 gel implant significantly reduced IOP and number of topical medications with an adequate safety profile being both mainly influenced by the number of preoperative glaucoma treatments. more...

The culture of Oreochromis spp., represents an economic base in different countries because the species shows various degrees of tolerance to physical-chemical factors and rapid growth. In this study, the effect of the inclusion of Lens culinaris in diets of tilapia fingerlings was evaluated. The fingerlings had similar weights and sizes 1.20 g ± 0.01 y 2.9 cm ± 0.01, respectively. The feed was rationed four times a day where the effect on growth was determined by different levels of substitutions (0, 80, 50 and 20 %) of lentil flour. The productive indexes analyzed were: growth rate, efficiency rate, condition factor and feed conversion. There where significant differences among diets with respect to weight, length and specific growth rate with the control being efficient with respect to the other treatments. According to this study, L. culinaris can be included up to 20% for the feeding of Oreochromis spp., fingerlings without affecting the productive parameters., El cultivo de Oreochromis spp., representa una base económica en diferentes países debido a que la especie muestra diversos grados de tolerancia a factores fisicoquímicos y un rápido crecimiento. En esta investigación se evaluó el efecto de la inclusión de Lens culinaris en dietas de alevines de tilapia. Los alevines tuvieron pesos y tallas similares de 1,20 g ± 0,01 y 2,9 cm ± 0,01, respectivamente. Los alimentos fueron racionados cuatro veces al día donde se determinó el efecto del crecimiento mediante diferentes niveles de sustituciones (0, 80, 50 y 20 %) de harina de lenteja. Los índices productivos analizados fueron: tasa de crecimiento, tasa de eficiencia, factor de condición y conversión alimenticia. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre las dietas en cuanto al peso, talla y tasa de crecimiento específico, siendo el control eficiente con respecto a los demás tratamientos. De acuerdo, a este estudio L. culinaris puede ser incluida hasta un 20 % para la alimentación en alevines de Oreochromis spp sin afectar los parámetros productivos. more...

Cuba began XX century with a new decolonial discourse with a representative president, constitution and flag. However sociallly, economically, and politically, the greater Anitlles became one more appendage of Unietd Steates. It is not by chance, then, that renewed interpretations of national expresions germinated, which forms that could be erected the most as emblems of cubaness. Were those standede between what came from Europe and black continent. This is influenced by the presisten culture of resistance and the essence of popular religiosity, whose strategies made it posible to preserve the tradition, even without legalized institution, theorical bodies or established official discourses to simúlate its positioning Afro-Cubanism is here to history and it redefines what decolonial expresión in a renewed dimensión like art or combat discourse. more...

The valley of San Luis Potosí is an endorheic basin formed by three aquifers: shallow hanging, alluvial material on a hardened horizon known as "tepetate", two deep, free and confined type. Population growth has led to gradual contamination of the surface aquifer. Recent studies documented anthropogenic, biogenic and heavy metal contamination. A recent phenomenon of settlement has affected houses and buildings in the urban area, extending to parts of the valley that are still used for agriculture, developing "faults" affecting the tepetate that supports the superficial aquifer, facilitating the infiltration of contaminated water into the aquifer. free type. This investigation reports detection of nitrogen (N-NO3), with a concentration of 15 mg/L (milligram liter) its maximum allowable limit is 10 mg/L. Twelve samples with fecal coliforms from 5 to 17 MPN/100 (the most probable number in one hundred milliliters of the sample). Thirteen samples showed total coliform concentrations, one sample reported a too high concentration of 150 NMP/100, compared to the rest with concentrations of 5 to 17 NMP/100, indicating less contamination. Some trace elements with concentrations in parts per million (ppm) that were also detected were manganese (Mn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). Results that give the first sign of attention to the contamination of the deep free aquifer, derived from anthropic activity in the valley of San Luis Potosí. more...

Lithium is a fundamental raw material for the production of rechargeable batteries. The technology currently in use for lithium salts recovery from continental brines entails the evaporation of huge water... more...

The Compostela area is located in the western Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, which consists of volcanic rocks that produced during the Pliocene to Recent volcanism. In this paper, we present petrography, whole-rock major- and trace-element concentrations, Ar–Ar ages, and Sr–Nd isotopic data of volcanic rocks from the Compostela area in the south of the city of Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico. These volcanic rocks are of intermediate composition and belong to the transitional series: basaltic trachyandesites [52.72–53.94 wt% SiO2; 0.69–2.53 wt% MgO] and subalkaline series: low-Si [55.11–60.94 wt% SiO2; 0.79–2.74 wt% MgO] and high-Si [61.60–62.71 wt% SiO2; 0.36–0.80 wt% MgO] andesites. The 40Ar/39Ar dating of two basaltic trachyandesites yields plateau ages of 1.05 ± 0.15 Ma and 1.07 ± 0.17 Ma and the andesites yielded a plateau age of 2.42 ± 0.36 Ma. These results indicate that the studied rocks were formed during the Pleistocene in two discrete episodes. The basaltic trachyandesites show enriched light rare earth elements patterns relative to high rare earth elements [(La/Yb)N = 5.81–8.07] with negligible Eu anomalies. The andesites display enriched large-ion lithophile elements (Ba, K) with anomalies of Nb (Th/Ce) and Ti in the three groups identified in the subalkaline series. The basaltic trachyandesites appear in a tight cluster of initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.703519–0.703882) as compared to the basaltic andesite 87Sr/86Sr (0.704073) and positive ɛNd(t) values of +5.6 to +3.4, respectively, indicating that the basaltic trachyandesites were derived from intermediate magmas from a shallow mantle source. Geochemical modelling reveals that both basaltic trachyandesite and andesite rocks were derived by a process of crystal fractionation accompanied by assimilation of crustal rocks at the lower or middle level. Geochemical ratios and multidimensional discrimination diagrams, combined with the cross-section of the subduction zone indicates that basaltic trachyandesites were generated from a rift and/or Ocean Island Basalt-type source, whereas andesites were generated from a slab-derived source in a subduction environment. more...

PurposeDrawing from the knowledge-based view of the firm, this paper aims to explore the knowledge management practices that the acquirer uses to exploit its knowledge creating conditions for the exploitation of the target’s knowledge and to explore its knowledge by realizing routines for the integration of new knowledge within the target.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents an in-depth case study analysis based on the acquisition of a Dutch food service organization by an Italian company operating in the same sector.FindingsThe case study analysis reveals four mechanisms for knowledge integration, two aimed at exploiting the acquirer’s knowledge, and two aimed at exploring the acquirer’s knowledge.Originality/valueThis paper unveils that it is the interlinkage among organizational, human and technological factors, at multiple layers of the target, which allows the knowledge integration within the post-acquisition process. more...

The aim of this study is to determine the feeding habits and home range of fossil horses (Equus conversidens and E. mexicanus) from La Presita Blanca, San Luis Potosi, central Mexico. For this purp... more...

In intertidal areas, the zonation is determined by factors such as sea-level and topography. For this reason, a mixed methodology for the characterization (topography, extension, and zonation) of maximum intertidal areas is presented, based upon multispectral satellite imagery, hydrodynamic modeling, and in situ measurements. The methodology is applied and validated in the inner Cadiz Bay (SW Spain) as a case study. Satellite-derived waterlines were vertically referenced by tide-gauge measurements of sea-level; the resulting partial topography of intertidal areas was integrated into available hydrographic/topographic data to elaborate a high-resolution (10 m) model grid from which hydrodynamic simulations were conducted. Model results for lowest and highest tidal level situations were used to characterize the maximum intertidal areas within the inner Cadiz Bay, as well as the lowest astronomical tidal surface (LAT). The obtained LAT, referenced with respect the chosen geoid and/or ellipsoid, was identified with the vertical reference surface for Hydrography (VRSH) in this environment, complementing and improving the official VRSH presently being developed for Spanish waters. Obtained results show errors of the order of 1 cm for sea-level amplitudes and1 min for the main tidal lags when comparing with tide-gauge data. Further applications of this exportable, relatively fast, low-cost, and accurate methodology are outlined. more...

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a mental disorder characterized by neurocognitive dysfunctions and a reduction in occupational and social functioning. Several studies have provided evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathophysiology of SZ. In this sense, it is known that the addition of genetic variations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) impairs oxidative phosphorylation of enzymatic complexes in mitochondria, resulting in ATP depletion and subsequent enhancement of reactive oxygen species; this is associated with cellular degeneration and apoptosis observed in some neuropsychiatric disorders. As a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction, an increase in circulating cell-free mtDNA fragments can occur, which has been observed in individuals with SZ. Moreover, due to the bacterial origin of mitochondria, these cell-free mtDNA fragments in blood plasma may induce inflammatory and immunogenic responses, especially when their release is enhanced in specific disease conditions. However, the exact mechanism by which mtDNA could be released into blood plasma is not yet clear. Therefore, the aims of this review article were to discuss the participation of mtDNA genetic variations in physiopathologic mechanisms of SZ, and to determine the status of the disease and the possible ensuing changes over time by using circulating cell-free mtDNA fragments as a biomarker. more...

Transition metal chalcogenophosphates of general formula MPX

Prior to Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico already had 200+ hazardous waste sites, significant contamination of water resources, and among the highest rates of preterm birth in the US. To address these issues, the Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats (PROTECT) Center was formed in 2010 to investigate prenatal environmental exposures, particularly phthalates, and adverse birth outcomes. Recent work from the PROTECT study confirms that in utero exposure to certain phthalates is associated with shorter gestation and increased risk of preterm birth. However, previous research also suggests that pregnant women who experience a natural disaster such as Hurricane Maria are at higher risk of adverse birth outcomes, but it is unknown whether this is due to stress, hazardous exposures, or a combination of factors. Thus, the aim of this analysis was to characterize hurricane-related changes in phthalate exposures and experiences within the PROTECT cohort. Among 176 participants who were pregnant during or within 5 months after Maria, 122 completed a questionnaire on hurricane-related experiences. Questionnaire results and biomarkers of exposure suggest that participants did not have regular access to fresh foods and water during hurricane recovery, and almost half reported structural damage to their home. In addition, biomarker concentrations of phthalates commonly used in food packaging were higher among participants post-hurricane, while phthalates commonly used in personal care products were lower compared to pre-hurricane levels. Hurricane-related increases in phthalate exposure, as well as widespread structural damage, food and water shortages, and long-term absence of electricity and cell phone service, likely increased the risk of adverse birth outcomes among this already vulnerable population. more...

espanolThe Valles-San Luis Potosi Platform is part of an extensive carbonate platform system that rimmed the ancestral Gulf of Mexico during the middle (Albian) through Upper Cretaceous. The El Abra Formation consists of a shallow-water deposit; it contains a benthic foraminiferal assemblage that includes 18 species, which are described and illustrated in this paper. The studied successions from the upper part of the El Abra Formation were dated as mid-late Cenomanian. On the basis of these findings, two zones are proposed Pseudolituonella reicheli Assemblage Zone and Nezzazatinella picardi Interval Zone. The first Assemblage Zone is characterized by an abundant benthic foraminiferal association. It is overlain by the Nezzazatinella picardi Interval Zone where the species richness of the fora-miniferal assemblage is reduced and later disappears. The benthic foraminiferal demise is coincident with major sea-level changes and an increase in siliciclastic input from the hemipelagic deposit of the Soyatal Formation, which contains abundant pithonellids and r and r-k strategist planktic foraminifera (Whiteinella archaeo-cretacea Partial Range Zone). Two stratigraphically correlative facies have been recognized in the El Abra Formation: the Taninul and the El Abra Facies. A warm, shallow-water, open marine platform deposit (Taninul Facies) is inferred. It includes peloidal-foraminiferal packstone, packstone-grainstone, and packstone- wackestone. A restricted environment (El Abra Facies) can be deduced from the abundant miliolids and ostreids. The texture is a wackestone-packstone. Another microfacies (Soyatal Formation) consists of wackestone-packstone with an acme of pithonellids and the occurrence of r and r-k strategist planktic foraminifers deposited during the platform drowning. EnglishLa Plataforma Valles-San Luis Potosi es parte de un sistema de plataformas extenso que se encontraba bordeando el antiguo Golfo de Mexico en el Albiano hasta el Cretacico Superior. La caliza El Abra es un deposito de aguas poco profundas; esta contiene un conjunto de foraminiferos bentonicos que incluye 18 especies, que se describen e ilustran en este documento. Las sucesiones estudiadas de la parte superior de la Formacion de El Abra fueron datadas como del Cenomaniano medio- tardio; se proponen dos zonas (Zona de Conjunto Pseudolituonella reicheli y Zona de Intervalo Nezzazatinella picardi). La primera Zona de Conjunto se caracteriza por una asociacion abundante de foraminiferos bentonicos. Esta sobreyacida por la Zona de Intervalo Nezzazatinella picardi donde se reduce la riqueza de especies de las asociaciones de foraminiferos y luego desaparece. La desaparicion de foraminiferos bentonicos es coincidente con grandes cambios de nivel del mar y un aumento en el aporte de sedimentos desde el deposito hemipelagico de la Formacion Soyatal que contiene abundantes pithonelidos y foraminiferos planctonicos de estrategia r y r-k (Zona de Alcance Parcial (Whiteinella archaeocretacea)). Dos facies estratigraficamente correlacionables han sidoreconocidas en la Formacion El Abra: la Facies Taninul y la Facies El Abra. Se infiere un deposito de plataforma marina abierta de aguas calidas someras (Facies Taninul). Esta incluye un packstone peloidal con foraminiferos, packstone y packstone-wackestone. Un ambiente restringido (Facies El Abra) puede deducirse por los abundantes miliolidos y ostreidos. La textura de la roca es un wackestone-packstone. Otra microfacies consiste de un wackestone-packstone con un auge de pithonelidos y la presencia de foraminiferos de estrategia r y r-k depositados durante la inundacion de la plataforma (Formacion Soyatal). more...

We present the covalent coating of chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS

We present the covalent coating of chemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) based on the polymerization of functional acryl molecules. The method relies on the efficient diazonium anchoring reaction to provoke the in situ radical polymerization and covalent adhesion of functional coatings. In particular, we successfully implement hydrophobicity on the exfoliated MoS2 in a direct, fast, and quantitative synthetic approach. This approach represents a simple and general protocol to reach dense and homogeneous functional coatings on 2D materials. more...

We have developed a general protocol for the preparation of hybrid nanostructures formed by nanoparticles (NPs) of molecule-based magnets based on Prussian Blue Analogues (PBAs) decorated with plasmonic Au NPs of different shapes. By adjusting the pH, Au NPs can be attached preferentially along the edges of the PBA or randomly on the surface. The protocol allows tuning the plasmonic properties of the hybrids in the whole visible spectrum. more...

Sea-level reanalysis data fields from the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland Monitoring and Forecasting Center (IBIre) were analysed and validated with coastal tide-gauge and vertical positioning data from 110 experimental stations, complemented with the Technical University of Denmark global ocean tide model and mean dynamic topography DTU10, in order to establish the reference hydrographic surface (RHS) for Spanish waters. IBIre fitting to experimental tidal ranges, with mean errors about 10 cm, improves the DTU10 results along the Iberian Mediterranean shore due to an adequate reproduction of the ‘radiational’ tides. Regarding the mean dynamic topography, errors were also about 10 cm both for IBIre and DTU10 fields, and about 50% of them is plausibly related to the experimental uncertainness arising from the different averaging periods of observed series. Fitting of IBIre results to experimental data provides orthometric/ellipsoidal heights of the lowest astronomical tide with mean errors between 7 and 10 cm. IBIre sea-level data have enough quality to constitute a reliable basis for an operative RHS in Spanish waters, and plausibly in other regions within its spatial coverage. Moreover, IBIre sea-level data have other potential applications to the study of climate/sea-level trends, and improvements of the accuracy in de-tiding satellite-altimetry data in the western Mediterranean Sea. En prensa more...

In the past few years, the effect of strain on the optical and electronic properties of MoS2 layers has attracted particular attention as it can improve the performance of optoelectronic and spintronic devices. Although several approaches have been explored, strain is typically externally applied on the two-dimensional material. In this work, we describe the preparation of a reversible ‘self-strainable’ system in which the strain is generated at the molecular level by one component of a MoS2-based composite material. Spin-crossover nanoparticles were covalently grafted onto functionalized layers of semiconducting MoS2 to form a hybrid heterostructure. Their ability to switch between two spin states on applying an external stimulus (light irradiation or temperature change) serves to generate strain over the MoS2 layer. A volume change accompanies this spin crossover, and the created strain induces a substantial and reversible change of the electrical and optical properties of the heterostructure. Spin-crossover nanoparticles have been covalently grafted onto a semiconducting MoS2 layer to form a self-strainable heterostructure. Under light or thermal stimulus, the nanoparticles switch between their high- and low-spin states, in which they have different volumes. This generates a reversible strain over the MoS2 layer and, in turn, alters the electrical and optical properties of the heterostructure. more...

Se estudian en el presente artículo los materiales cerámicos procedentes de una excavación preventiva realizada en el castillo de Ibiza entre los años 1988 y 1989. Se trata de elementos, principalmente vasculares, fechados sobre todo entre los últimos decenios del siglo V y mediados del II a.C., dejando aparte otros de época fenicia, fechados en este caso en los dos primeros tercios del siglo VI a.C. El estudio y publicación de estos complejos, algunos de ellos estratificados, tiene el interés añadido de ser el primero que se lleva a cabo en el área de la acrópolis púnica de Ibiza y este hecho permite toda una serie de precisiones cronológicas, así como observaciones de otro género resultantes de su comparación con otros yacimientos púnicos de la isla contemporáneos al Castillo de Ibiza. In this article, the ceramic materials from a preventive excavation carried out in the castle of Ibiza between the years 1988 and 1989 are studied. These are elements, vascular the majority, dated mainly between the last decades of the 5th century and the middle of the 2nd century BC., leaving aside others from the Phoenician period, in this case dated to the first two thirds of the 6th century BC. The study and publication of these complexes, some of them stratified, has the added interest of being the first to be carried out in the area of the Punic acropolis of Ibiza, and this fact allows a whole series of chronological details, as well as observations of another genre resulting from its comparison with other Punic sites on the island contemporary to the Castle of Ibiza. more...

Transition metal chalcogenophosphates of general formula MPX3 have attracted recent interest in the field of 2D materials due to the possibility of tuning their properties when reaching the 2D limit. Several works address this challenge by dry mechanical exfoliation. However, only a few of them use a scalable approach. In this work, we apply a general chemical protocol to exfoliate MnPS3. The method uses in a first step chemical intercalation and liquid phase exfoliation, followed in a second step by the addition of molecules used as capping agents on the inorganic layers. Therefore, molecules of different nature prompts the quality of the exfoliated material and its stabilization in aqueous solution, opening the possibility of using these functionalized layers in several fields. Here we illustrate this possibility in electrochemistry. Thus, we show that when polyethylenimine is used as capping agent, it is possible to reach a compromise between the stability of high quality MnPS3 flakes in aqueous suspension and their optimum performance as an electrocatalytic system for HER activity. more...

El libro: Interaccionismo Sinérgico de Enfoques Educativos e Investigativos: Visión Estratégica en la Academia Posmoderna, de la colección: Entresijos de Saberes en Praxis Educativa, de la Unidad de Publicaciones de la Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador – Instituto Pedagógico Rural “Gervasio Rubio” (UPEL-IPRGR), en colaboración con el Fondo Editorial Universidad Pedagógica Experimental Libertador (FEDUPEL), es el resultado del trabajo investigativo y colaborativo en distintas líneas de investigación, así como de docentes y universidades, que movidos por el deseo de aportar visiones alternativas sobre las problemáticas que se presentan a diario en el ámbito educativo, brindan propuestas para mejorarla, hacer la praxis pedagógica creativa, diversa y actualizada al uso de las innovaciones tecnológicas que puedan adaptarse al quehacer educativo, lo que redundará en el crecimiento tanto de discentes, docentes y entorno sociocultural. En el capítulo I: La creatividad del docente desde la complejidad, centrada en el aprendizaje a través de las competencias evaluativas, se revisa el proceso de la creatividad del docente como medio para la innovación en la enseñanza de los seres humanos y de los procesos evaluativos en tiempos de globalidad. La Integración de la participación de la política en la construcción de la cultura de paz desde la escuela, en el capítulo II, nos muestra a la escuela como el articulador en la ejecución de políticas públicas que facilitan la construcción de la cultura de paz, incorporando estrategias donde la paz sea el eje principal, donde los valores, las actitudes y los comportamientos, que lo fomentan, estén basados en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico y la justicia social. En el III capítulo: Neuromitos en formación inicial docente. Una experiencia de aprendizaje desde la neurociencia, se hace una revisión acerca de los mitos que existen en cuanto a aprendizaje y neurociencia, así como al uso de la neuroeducación en la formación inicial docente, se propone el diseño de un plan de acción que diagnostica y desmitifica los neuromitos en estudiantes de pregrado, su relación con el cerebro, funcionamiento y el papel que juega en el aprendizaje del sujeto. El capítulo IV versa sobre la Realidad aumentada. Tecnología que promueve la formación para el emprendimiento e innovación en los estudiantes de educación secundaria, en el que se trata de comprender, la importancia de la integración de la realidad aumentada, como tecnología que promueve la Formación para el Emprendimiento y la Innovación, en estudiantes de educación secundaria, investigación realizada en el Liceo Bolivariano “Luís López Méndez” en Táriba, estado Táchira, Venezuela. En el capítulo V: Alianza universidad-empresa. Una experiencia socioeducativa y productiva a través de la investigación aplicada en el sector cacao. La investigación es acerca de la actividad social y productiva que se genera a través del cacao, el cual genera un conocimiento que se pone al servicio del sector productivo regional del Norte de Santander, Colombia. En él que se investiga sobre las características del producto, su origen, así como el contexto internacional, nacional y local en que se desarrolla; describiendo la experiencia de Somos Cacao SAS al producir y transformar el cacao en un producto de alto valor agregado. Capítulo VI: Interacción en los entornos virtuales. La clave para un proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje significativo. Se adentra en la poca efectividad de los entornos virtuales para desarrollar los procesos de enseñanza en las instituciones educativas, lo que ha puesto al descubierto, el alarmante vacío en la interacción, docente-alumno, en la construcción de conocimiento. Esta investigación desvela la importancia de los actores presentes en el proceso educativo, en la formación en entornos virtuales para el logro de un aprendizaje significativo. Cerrando con el capítulo VII, se presenta la Sistematización de experiencias significativas desde la evaluación. Una perspectiva de los profesores para el aprendizaje contextualizado, trabajo que se basa en el bajo rendimiento escolar presente en la asignatura de matemática, se muestran los resultados del diagnóstico en profesores y estudiantes, en el área de matemática de primer año, investigación llevada a cabo en el Liceo Monseñor Sanmiguel, municipio San Cristóbal, Estado Táchira, sistematización que se efectúa través de sus opiniones sobre cómo se aplica la evaluación en el área de matemática. Finalmente, conviene destacar que los contenidos descritos y argumentados en los capítulos del libro son responsabilidad única y exclusiva de sus autores; por lo tanto, los Coordinadores, la Unidad de Publicaciones de UPEL-IPRGR, FEUPEL, y demás instituciones que apoyan la obra, actúan como un tercero de buena fe. more...

In the past few years, the effect of strain on the optical and electronic properties of MoS

En la región central de México existen zonas con extensos afloramientos de rocas calcáreas plegadas formando sistemas montañosos con intenso desarrollo cárstico. El abastecimiento de agua en esta región se logra en una parte importante de acuíferos controlados por el sistema cárstico. Aquí se analiza el flujo subterráneo entre la localidad Joya de Luna (en una parte elevada de montaña) y Guaxcamá topográficamente más baja, para determinar si existe conexión entre ambas zonas y comprobar si el agua infiltrada en la parte alta se capta en la parte baja en aprovechamientos como manantiales. Se propone un método novedoso para identificar la conectividad hidráulica entre la zona de recarga y de descarga en un sistema cárstico y fracturado utilizando granos de polen como trazadores, denominada Metodología Polínica Ambiental (MEPAM). Para contrastar y examinar la viabilidad de este método se emplearon datos isotópicos de deuterio y oxígeno-18; se empleó además el exceso de deuterio como un factor para el análisis hidrogeológico. Se documentó el tipo de familias o especies existentes en la zona de recarga Joya de Luna y en la zona de descarga en Guaxcamá, mediante la colecta de polen directamente de la flor en un radio de 5 km con respecto a cada punto de muestreo de agua de las zonas de recarga-descarga y se generó una base de datos con 41 especies polínicas para la caracterización morfológica. Posteriormente se hizo una recolecta de 135 muestras de agua subterránea con granos de polen suspendidos en cinco norias en la zona de recarga y diez manantiales en la zona de descarga. El análisis de especies mostró que granos de polen de las especies de Zea mays, Avena sativa, Cicer arietinum y Quercus sp., característicos solo de la zona de recarga, se presentaban en las muestras de agua de la zona de descarga. Los resultados polínicos fueron congruentes con los obtenidos a partir de datos isotópicos y permitieron identificar dos rutas con conexión hidráulica, denominadas G1 y G2. Para cada una de estas rutas se estableció la conexión hidráulica entre muestras de la zona de recarga y muestras de la zona de descarga. En ambas zonas se presentaron granos de Zea mays, Avena sativa, y Cicer arietinum. El polen de la familia Quercus sp., propio de la zona montañosa, se detectó en las muestras de tres puntos de la zona de recarga y siete puntos de la zona de descarga. more...

Resumen en español

[EN] A dendrometric and energetic characterisation of Tamarix africana L. was carried out in this study. This is an indigenous plant species in the Mediterranean area, and it can survive in semi-arid areas with saline soils and occasional floods. Owing to these characteristics, this species is a good candidate for its use in the restoration of several environments, such as the marshes. This opens up the possibility of improving the management of biomass, which can be used for obtaining economic benefits from its energetic use. For the stems, biomass volume functions were determined from their diameter and length with r(2) of 0.96. For the whole plant, biomass volume functions were determined from the diameter of the projected area in the soil and the height of the plant with r(2) of 0.95. For energetic characterisation, the density, higher heat value, and the composition of this wood were measured in terms of following elements: carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulphur and chlorine, volatiles and ash. The determination of its composition in C allows us to evaluate the CO2 fixed by the plant during its growth. The average catchment was estimated to be 2.58 kg/plant., This work was financed by Project 20170734 entitled as follows: Development of methods of quantification of riparian vegetation bio-mass for the management of channels of the Comunidad Valenciana. Direccion General de Universidades. Generalitat Valenciana (Spain). more...

On the western part of the Valles–San Luis Potosí Platform located in Cerro Quemado near Temazcal, municipality of Armadillo de Los Infante, two sequences crop out. The lower one is the shallow-water El Abra Formation of the mid–upper Cenomanian, unconformably covered by a deep-water deposit of the upper Maastrichtian informally called here the “Temazcal unit.” The succession presents a nonconforming contact between these two sedimentary units, displaying a hiatus as the result of a time of non-deposition in the sedimentary record, showing a subaerial exposure with erosion yielding topographic relief. Based on the lithological changes from the underlying limestone toward the overlying silty limestone, as well as a detailed biostratigraphic study based on foraminiferal associations that provide an accurate dating, it has been possible to estimate the magnitude of the hiatus, which spans from the lower part of the Turonian, including the Coniacian, the Santonian, and possibly the lower part of the Maastrichtian. more...

Background: Shoulder pain syndrome (SPS) is frequent and management in primary care is precarious, with a high rate of referral without adequate treatment, overloading rehabilitation and orthopedic services. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of a self-administered rehabilitation program in adults with shoulder pain syndrome in primary care. Patients and Methods: A randomized, single-blind clinical trial (evaluators) with an experimental group (self-administered rehabilitation) and a control group (standard physical therapy) was carried out in 271 adult patients aged 18 or older with unilateral shoulder pain lasting more than six weeks and less than three months. The primary outcome was the recovery perceived by the patient. Constant score for function, quality of life using SF-36, simple shoulder test (SST) and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score were also calculated at six, 12 and 24 weeks of follow-up. Results: The self-administered rehabilitation program showed an adjusted effectiveness of 51% at the end of treatment compared to 54% of the standard physical therapy (p > 0.05). No differences in the evolution of the other scores assessed were observed between groups. Conclusions: A self-administered rehabilitation program for painful shoulder was non-inferior than usual physical therapy. more...

La discriminacion/caracterizacion de los sistemas de deposito registrados en unidades litoestratigraficas formales, cenozoicas, epiclasticas, continentales de Mexico, es en gran parte una labor pendiente, a pesar de su enorme importancia academica y practica. Para contribuir a llenar este vacio, presentamos un primer acercamiento para discriminar y caracterizar los sistemas de deposito de Formacion Yolomecatl del Eoceno tardio, la cual rellena totalmente la cuenca triangular homonima delimitada por fallas normales, e incluye la fauna de vertebrados mas meridional de Norteamerica para esa epoca. El area de estudio se encuentra entre 17°25’-17°30’ Latitud Norte y 97°29’-97°36’ Longitud Oeste, y entre 2000 y 2500 m s.n.m.; la carretera federal 125 atraviesa la cuenca, y Santiago Yolomecatl es el poblado principal. Se estima que la Formacion Yolomecatl tiene un espesor minimo de 650 m, aunque el espesor continuo medido es mucho menor (~250 m); esta formacion incluye sistemas fluviales y lacustres intercalados con depositos piroclasticos (un sistema por si mismo). El sistema fluvial consiste de: 1) las litofacies Gmm, Gmg, Gcm: abanicos aluviales y depositos relacionados; 2) las litofacies Gm, Gh, Gp, Gt, St, Sp: depositos de arrastre en canal; 3) las litofacies Sr, Sl, Sh, Fl: depositos de planicie de inundacion. El sistema lacustre (clastico) incluye: 1) las litofacies Ll, Lsm, Lm: depositos lago adentro; 2) las litofacies Ll, Lsm: depositos de ribera. El gran espesor de esta unidad indica sobreposicion de los sistemas fluvial/lacustre y la intercalacion espaciada de piroclasticos en una cuenca que se hundia gradualmente con la sedimentacion, bajo condiciones subhumedas, interrumpidas por otras de aridez, tal vez estacional. Finalmente, el marco tectonico de la Cuenca Yolomecatl, indica que su origen y desarrollo estan relacionados con la dinamica de la falla regional sinistral Tamazulapam, la cual tamb more...

Entre los años 1998 y 2002 se llevó a cabo una actividad arqueológica en el antiguo edificio de la Casa de Correos y Telégrafos de Málaga, como parte de los trabajos de rehabilitación necesarios para su uso como sede del Rectorado de la Universidad. El estudio sistemático de los materiales correspondientes a los niveles más profundos de la secuencia, atribuidos al periodo fenicio arcaico, permiten su datación en momentos anteriores a c 625 a.C., lo que los convierte, al día de hoy, en el contexto de mayor antigüedad de Malaka. Junto a este dato de valor cronológico destaca la entidad arquitectónica de algunas de las estructuras localizadas, inmediatas a la primera línea de costa de la época. El conjunto resulta de gran interés para estudiar la dinámica del poblamiento fenicio de la bahía de Málaga a partir de la fundación del asentamiento de la Rebanadilla, ubicado en el vecino estuario del río Guadalhorce, datado en la segunda mitad del siglo IX a.C. Between the years 1998 and 2002 an archaeological activity was carried out in the old building of the Correos (Post and Telegraph House) of Malaga, as part of the rehabilitation work necessary for its use as the seat of the Rector’s Office of the University. The systematic study of the materials corresponding to the deepest levels of the sequence, attributed to the Phoenician archaic period, allows their dating before c. 625 BC, which makes them, to this day, the oldest known context associated to ancient Malaka. In addition to this piece of chronological data, the site stands out because of the magnitude of its architecture, located immediately to the first coastline of the time. The assemblage is of great interest to study the dynamics of the Phoenician settlement of the bay of Malaga from the foundation of La Rebanadilla, located in the neighboring estuary of the Guadalhorce River, dated in the second half of the 9th century BC. Gobierno de España HAR2015-68669-P more...

Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS), whereby helical molecules polarize the spin of electrical current, is an intriguing effect with potential applications in nanospintronics. In this nascent field, the study of the CISS effect using paramagnetic chiral molecules, which could introduce another degree of freedom in controlling the spin transport, remains so far unexplored. To address this challenge, herein we propose the use of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of helical lanthanide-binding peptides. To elucidate the effect of the paramagnetic nuclei, monolayers of the peptide coordinating paramagnetic or diamagnetic ions are prepared. By means of spin-dependent electrochemistry, the CISS effect is demonstrated by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance measurements for both samples. Additionally, an implementation of the standard liquid-metal drop electron transport setup has been carried out, and this process helped to demonstrate the peptides' suitability for solid-state devices. Remarkably, the inclusion of a paramagnetic center in the peptide increases the spin polarization as was independently proved by different techniques. These findings permit the inclusion of magnetic biomolecules in the CISS field and pave the way to their implementation in a new generation of (bio)spintronic nanodevices. more...

The present study introduces a comprehensive exploration in terms of physicochemical characterization and calculations based on density functional theory with Hubbard's correction (DFT+U) of the whole family of α-Co(II) hydroxyhalide (F, Cl, Br, I). These samples were synthesized at room temperature by employing a one-pot approach based on the epoxide route. A thorough characterization (powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/mass spectroscopy, and magnetic and conductivity measurements) corroborated by simulation is presented that analyzes the structural, magnetic, and electronic aspects. Beyond the inherent tendency of intercalated anions to modify the interlayer distance, the halide's nature has a marked effect on several aspects. Such as the modulation of the CoOh to CoTd ratio, as well as the inherent tendency towards dehydration and irreversible decomposition. Whereas the magnetic behavior is strongly correlated with the CoTd amount reflected in the presence of glassy behavior with high magnetic disorder, the electrical properties depend mainly on the nature of the halide. The computed electronic structures suggest that the CoTd molar fraction exerts a minor effect on the inherent conductivity of the phases. However, the band gap of the solid turns out to be significantly dependent on the nature of the incorporated halide, governed by ligand to metal charge transfer, which minimizes the gap as the anionic radius becomes larger. Conductivity measurements of pressed pellets confirm this trend. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the magnetic and electrical properties of α-Co(II) hydroxyhalides validated with in silico descriptions, opening the gate for the rational design of layered hydroxylated phases with tunable electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. Fil: Oestreicher, Víctor Santiago Jesús. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Hunt, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología - Nodo Bariloche | Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología. Unidad Ejecutora Instituto de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología - Nodo Bariloche; Argentina Fil: Torres Cavanillas, Ramon. Universidad de Valencia; España Fil: Abellan, Gonzalo. Universidad de Valencia; España Fil: Scherlis Perel, Damian Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina Fil: Jobbagy, Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; Argentina more...

Electro-optical bistability is a functionality which can be crucial for a wide range of applications as it can enable non-volatile and ultra-low power switching performance. We investigate the integration of a molecular-based material presenting a Spin Crossover (SCO) effect in the silicon platform for enabling optical bistability. The SCO phenomenon involves a switching process between two molecular spin states. This spin transition comes along with a change in the optical refractive index that can be switched by different external stimuli such as a variation of temperature or light irradiation and which has a hysteretic behaviour. The SCO material can be synthetized as nanoparticles so that it can be easily integrated in the silicon platform and have the potential to allow switching at room temperature. more...

A familly of chemically robust hybrid [Fe(Htrz)2(trz)](BF4)@SiO2nanoparticles (NPs) presenting different sizes (from ca. 90 to 28 nm) and an ultrathin silica shell (< 3 nm) have been prepared. All NPs present a characteristic abrupt spin transition with a subsequent decrease in the width of the thermal hysteresis upon reducing the NP size. more...

The charge transport properties of SCO [Fe(Htrz)2 (trz)](BF4 ) NPs covered with a silica shell placed in between single-layer graphene electrodes are reported. A reproducible thermal hysteresis loop in the conductance above room-temperature is evidenced. This bistability combined with the versatility of graphene represents a promising scenario for a variety of technological applications but also for future sophisticated fundamental studies. more...

Strontium isotopic ratios from dental enamel of fossil camels, Camelops hesternus (n=5), horses, Equus sp. (n = 5), and mammoths, Mammuthus columbi (4) from Laguna de las Cruces, San Luis Potosi, central Mexico, have been used to study their migration behavior. Four camels, all horses, and one mammoth display 87Sr/86Sr similar to local plants and soils, thus identified as residents. In contrast, teeth of one camel and two of mammoths show lower 87Sr/86Sr ratios while one mammoth has higher strontium isotopic ratios that indicate that they migrated from other localities. Oxygen isotopes from resident animals are similar, which suggests that those individuals drank water from the same source, whereas δ18O values of migrants are different, confirming the strontium isotopic data findings. However, as yet, it is not possible to determine where the migrants came from because their strontium ratios are different from the plants and soils 87Sr/86Sr values from other Potosian and Zacatecan localities with which they were compared. more...

The Pinos Volcanic Complex (PVC) is located in the San Luis Potosi Volcanic Field (SLPV) and southern region of the Mesa Central that includes Oligocene rhyolites and trachydacites. These felsic volcanic rocks are characterized by porphyritic textures with a main mineralogical arrangement of phenocrystals of quartz, potassium feldspar (sanidine), plagioclase and biotite embedded in a vitreous matrix with microcrystals of quartz. They display peraluminous, high-silica, alkaline (not peralkaline) composition, with flat heavy rare earth element concentrations and negative Eu anomalies values. They are enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs; Rb, Ba, K, Th, Ce) relative to highfield-strength elements (HFSE; Nb, Zr, P, Ti). Trace element ratios trend highlights variable degree of partial melting rather than the role of fractional crystallization. The petrogenetic modelling of trace elements reveal that the felsic volcanic rocks are consistent with their formation via partial melting of the middle/upper continental crust. Multi-dimensional tectonic discriminant diagrams and magmatic model indicate an extensional tectonic environment for the genesis of the felsic volcanic rocks. more...

The southern part of the Mesa Central (MC) province, Mexico, is formed of several Cenozoic volcanic complexes. The Sierra de San Miguelito Complex (SSMC) is in the south-eastern part of the MC. The SSMC consists of: (1) mafic volcanic rocks of porphyritic texture and trachybasalt/basalt compositions; (2) intermediate volcanic rocks of porphyritic texture and basaltic-trachyandesite, basaltic andesite and andesite compositions; and (3) silicic volcanic rocks of porphyritic texture and rhyolite composition. New 40Ar/39Ar dating results, in combination with major- and trace-element data, and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, are used to investigate the petrogenesis and geodynamic evolution of SSMC. The 40Ar/39Ar radiometric age data constrains the magmatic events in the SSMC to between 34 and 21 Ma. Chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns are distinct for each volcanic succession; mafic and intermediate lavas have relatively flat light rare earth element (LREE) and large ion lithophile element (LILE) patterns, whereas the silicic volcanic rocks show enrichment in LREE and high field strength elements (HFSE). Within each volcanic phase, the total rare-earth element concentrations increase from mafic to silicic, and the size of the negative Eu anomalies progressively increase (Eu/Eu* from 0.02 to 1.04). The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios are widely distributed (from 0.70344 to 0.71973) whereas the initial 143Nd/144Nd ratios are somewhat low and show a narrower range (0.51245 to 0.51287), indicating the mafic magmas derived from a slightly heterogeneous source. Geochemical modelling of the mafic volcanic rocks reveals two sources of magma: (1) a parental magmas generated from melting underlying lithospheric mantle; and (2) a second lithospheric melt contaminated by lower crust. Intermediate magmas evolved from assimilation and fractional crystallization (AFC) processes of both lithospheric melts, at shallower levels. The silicic volcanic rocks in the area, however, were probably derived from partial melting of sedimentary rocks within the upper–middle continental crust. New multidimensional tectonic discrimination diagrams, combined with the magmatic model, indicates that volcanic activities in the region were generated in an extensional environment. more...

El libro que hoy presentamos como homenaje al profesor Alberto Montoro consta de unos cincuenta artículos. Estos ensayos ofrecen una panorámica extensa, pues participan profesores de muchas universidades españolas. Es también una panorámica variada, pues en ella están representadas tres generaciones: la de los maestros ya eméritos, la de los maestros actuales que están en su momento de madurez y la de los jóvenes que toman el relevo y renuevan cada día con ilusión y esfuerzo esta vieja y venerable disciplina que es la Filosofía del Derecho. Finalmente, esta es también una obra con una gran riqueza de temas y de contenido. Los trabajos son en general excelentes, pero además la temática es muy rica, como puede verse por el índice. Ello hace que el libro sea muy atractivo de leer y muy útil para informarse sobre los más variados temas de la disciplina iusfilosófica y de la ciencia jurídica española. more...

By using strontium isotopic ratios of dental enamel from molars, we were able to reconstruct the migration context for three individuals of a Columbian mammoth population (Mammuthus columbi) around Laguna de las Cruces, San Luis Potosí, central México. A three-step leaching procedure was applied to eliminate secondary Sr contributions in the molar enamel. One of the studied individuals showed87Sr/86Sr ratios similar to those obtained from soils and plants from Laguna de las Cruces and was identified as local, whereas the other two mammoths had different molar87Sr/86Sr values, indicative of migration and mobility contexts. more...