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Apart from changes in lifestyle, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) alters people's values or way of thinking partly because people spend more time browsing the Internet during quarantine. Trendy topics are always related to COVID-19, such as newly updated morality and fatality rate, measures of avoiding COVID-19, and the impact of the pandemic on the global economics and political scene. Different news editors tend to emphasize different detail of the same piece of information, thus switching audiences' attention, leading to diversity of thinking on the same information. By applying the agenda-setting theory as a theoretical model and case analysis as methodology, the paper further explores how media handle COVID-19-related news to shape public opinion in the context of Western public opinion. Ultimately, this study found that news coverage in the Western mainstream media exhibits the following characteristics: control of the direction of news coverage, guidance of public opinion but susceptibility to public opinion, homogeneity of content and the ability to enhance mass cohesion.

Jiayi Li,1,2 Jiao Zhang,2 Xu Wang,2 Xumin Zheng,2 Hongmei Gao,2 Shimin Jiang,2 Wenge Li1,2 1Department of Nephrology, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Wenge Li, Department of Nephrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, No. 2, Yinghua Dong Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Email wenge_lee2002@126.comIntroduction: Complement activation is highly involved in membranous nephropathy. Identifying the mechanism of the complement activation pathway carries crucial therapeutic implications yet remains controversial. This study explored lectin complement pathway activation in PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy (MN).Methods: One hundred and seventy-six patients with biopsy-proven PLA2R-associated MN were enrolled in the retrospective study and divided into the remission group (24-hour urine protein < 0.75g and serum albumin > 35 g/L) and the nephrotic syndrome group. The clinical manifestation and C3, C4d, C1q, MBL, and B factor in renal biopsy tissues and C3, C4, and immunoglobulins in serum were evaluated.Results: Deposition of glomerular C3, C4d, and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) was significantly higher in the activated state than in the remission state in PLA2R-associated MN. MBL deposition was the risk factor for no remission. During follow-up, the persistent non-remission patients have significantly lower serum C3 levels.Conclusion: Activation of the lectin complement pathway in PLA2R-associated MN may contribute to proteinuria progression and disease activity.Keywords: membranous nephropathy, anti-PLA2R antibody, complement, lectin pathway

Data availability for in situ spatial variability assessment of hydraulic parameters is always limited in the vadose zone. In this work, laboratory and in situ experimental methods of parameter estimation were compared to investigate the best estimation method for heterogeneous soil. The Marquardt–Levenberg and non-linear least-squares optimisation algorithms were used for parameter estimation. The simulation error was minimised by selecting sensitive parameters during the numerical solution. The shape factor n was found to be the most sensitive parameter, followed by water content θs, saturated hydraulic conductivity (SHC) and the inverse of the air entry α. Compared with the in situ cumulative infiltration and simultaneous methods, the outflow method resulted in the best fit by minimising the error. During the comparison of outflow and cumulative infiltration methods, only θs showed a significant difference (p = 0.00). On the other hand, SHC showed a non-significant difference (p = 0.439) when the outflow and simultaneous methods were compared. During model predictions, the SHC measured by the simultaneous method showed reasonable estimates for surface horizon and weak correlations (0.79 and 0.77) with deep soil water content, which could be improved by adding more hydraulic parameters. The cumulative infiltration numerical solution resulted in the most reliable estimates of hydraulic parameters for in situ heterogeneous soil.

Document-level relation extraction (DocRE) aims to extract relations among entities across multiple sentences within a document by using reasoning skills (i.e., pattern recognition, logical reasoning, coreference reasoning, etc.) related to the reasoning paths between two entities. However, most of the advanced DocRE models only attend to the feature representations of two entities to determine their relation, and do not consider one complete reasoning path from one entity to another entity, which may hinder the accuracy of relation extraction. To address this issue, this article proposes a novel method to capture this reasoning path from one entity to another entity, thereby better simulating reasoning skills to classify relation between two entities. Furthermore, we introduce an additional attention layer to summarize multiple reasoning paths for further enhancing the performance of the DocRE model. Experimental results on a large-scale document-level dataset show that the proposed approach achieved a significant performance improvement on a strong heterogeneous graph-based baseline.

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Yanjie Yang, Xu Wang, Zhenhua Song, Yafei Zheng, Shaoping Ji Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shaoping Ji, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 371 2388 0585, Fax +86 371 2388 0585, Email shaopingji@henu.edu.cnPurpose: ZnO quantum dots (QDs) are composed of less toxic metals than other QDs but have the same interesting photochemical properties. Thus, they have received considerable attention recently. Nevertheless, their toxicity cannot be ignored.Methods: In this study, we incubated ZnO QDs with human SMMC-7721 cells for 24 h to assess their nanotoxicity through proteomics (Fold change > 1.5 and p-value < 0.05) and metabolomics (Fold change ≥ 1.5; VIP ≥ 1; p-value < 0.05) analyses.Results: Both of 174 and 219 significantly changed metabolites were identified in human SMMC-7721 cells treated with 20 and 50 μg/mL ZnO QDs, respectively. ZnO QDs significantly modified metabolic pathways, including purine metabolism, ferroptosis, morphine addiction, alcoholism, cGMP-PKG signaling, and Cushing syndrome. Moreover, we identified 105 and 8 differentially expressed proteins in cells treated with 20 and 50 μg/mL ZnO QDs, and the pathways of alcoholism and Cushing syndrome were enriched.Conclusion: ZnO QDs did not affect cell viability in a CCK8 assay, but disturbed the level of intracellular metabolites and proteins at 20 μg/mL. The KEGG analyses of the metabolomics and proteomics data both enriched the alcoholism and Cushing syndrome pathways. These results provide an experimental basis for future research on the safe use of nanomaterials.Keywords: ZnO quantum dots, cytotoxicity, proteomics, metabolomics

There is limited research on clinical indicators for clinicians to judge the hypercoagulability of COPD patients.The aim in this study was to evaluate the level changes of fibrinogen (FIB), d-dimer (D-D), and mean platelet volume (MPV) in plasma during the stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as compared with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).A total of 240 patients admitted with COPD in our hospital and 60 healthy people were enrolled in this prospective study using data from August 2016 to August 2017. Patients were allocated to AECOPD or stable COPD group. The levels of white blood cell (WBC) count, absolute neutrophil counts (NEU%), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) were detected. The MPV, D-D, and the FIB level were also determined and compared between groups.The WBC count, NEU%, FIB, and D-D were significantly higher in the AECOPD group than in the stable COPD group and the healthy group (P 0.05), while the MPV, APTT and PT was significantly lower in the AECOPD group than in the stable COPD group and the healthy group (P 0.05). Additionally, MPV was significantly negatively correlated with WBC count (r=-0.798) and NEU% (r=-0.749) in the AECOPD group (P 0.05); and the percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in the predicted value was significantly negatively correlated with D-D (r=-0.891) and FIB (r=-0.656) (P0.05).We demonstrated that, for patients hospitalized for exacerbation of COPD, MPV may indeed be a valid indicator of inflammation and a marker of thrombosis.

This paper employed document analysis of specific thesis studies in musical instrument performance majors at Shenyang Normal University.The aim of this study was to study perspectives on topic selection, diversity, literature review, presentation ability, and thesis format.Thesis scope studies were chosen between 2016 and 2021.The thesis comprehensive bachelor's and master's thesis 116 as an analysis object, forming undergraduate students of 163 and 26 postgraduate students, totalling 189. On the basis of this research, it was found that the title and content were in a narrow group focusing on music practice studies, an initial analysis of music after developing knowledge integration and innovation, research literacy skills, and a thesis, which directly affected the title to the format of the thesis book, with factors affecting in terms of choosing a major, the level of understanding of the advisors, the importance of educational institutions, lack of relevant courses, students' educational level, students' writing attitude, and various observations were requested to be developed into criteria for evaluating music thesis and curriculum reform and music thesis experiment in order to be a manual for writing science in the future and contribute to the problems found as well as additional research by the authors and other experts.

The interplay among dietary intake, gut microbiota, gut metabolites and circulating metabolites in adolescents is barely known, not to mention sex-dependent pattern. We aimed to explore unique profiles of gut bacterial, gut metabolites and circulating metabolites from both genders of adolescents due to BMI and eating pattern.Clinical indices, fecal gut microbiota, fecal and plasma metabolites, and diet intake information were collected in case-control sample matched for normal and obesity in girls (normal = 12, obesity = 12) and boys (normal = 20, obesity = 20), respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics was performed to analysis the signature of gut microbiota and metabolites. Unique profiles of girls associated with BMI and eating pattern was revealed by Spearman's correlations analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test.Gender difference was found between normal and obese adolescents in gut microbiota, fecal metabolites, and plasma metabolites. The Parabacteroides were only decreased in obese girls. And the characteristic of obese girls' and boys' cases in fecal and plasma was xanthine and glutamine, ornithine and LCA, respectively. Soy products intake was negatively associated with Parabacteroides. The predicted model has a higher accuracy based on the combined markers in obesity boys (AUC = 0.97) and girls (AUC = 0.97), respectively.Reduced abundance of Phascolarctobacterium and Parabacteroides, as well as the increased fecal xanthine and ornithine, may provide a novel biomarker signature in obesity girls and boys. Soy products intake was positively and negatively associated with Romboutsia and Parabacteroides abundance, respectively. And the combined markers facilitate the accuracy of predicting obesity in girls and boys in advance.

Strain capacity is an important performance indicator for designing and evaluating high-grade steel pipelines. Due to the inhomogeneity of material properties in welded structures, girth welds are one of the main factors that restrict the strain capacity of pipelines. In this paper, girth-welded pipes with cracks in the inner surface of the weld have been studied, and the ductile crack initiation and propagation behavior have been simulated using the Gurson model. The corresponding nominal strain at the onset of crack initiation was defined as the characteristic value of strain capacity. The influencing factors on the strain concentration area, strain concentration factor, and strain capacity of girth-welded pipes were quantitatively analyzed. A semiempirical calculation formula for the strain capacity of typical girth-welded X80 grade pipes has been proposed as a function of the crack size, mismatch coefficient of the weld, and softening degree of the heat affected zone (HAZ). This study can facilitate the defect assessment of girth-welded pipes.

To investigate the ecological, yield, physiological, and biochemical index of cultivated pinellia under different shade conditions and to analyze the influence of light intensity on Pinellia ternata’s ecological and physiological characteristics, our experiment employed four varieties of pinellia, Changde pinellia, Yuanling pinellia, Ziyang pinellia, and Bijie pinellia, as experiment materials, planted them under equivalent growing conditions, and placed them under different shade conditions (shade net settings of 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75% shade). The present study sought to determine the index changes of pinellia, including their morphology, photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity, and yield, over a 100-day growth period. The results under 25% shade, compared with full light, revealed the following: pinellia plants reached heights of up to 20.04 cm, an increase of 43.35%; the maximum leaf area was 16.15 cm2, an increase of 34.78%; and the fresh weight of pinellia tubers decreased to varying degrees. Under shade treatment, the content of chlorophyll in pinellia leaves increased, the content of soluble protein and malondialdehyde decreased, and the activities of three antioxidant enzymes increased; these changes were overall consistent with the typical characteristics of shade plants, and the adaptability of pinellia to different shade conditions varied considerably. Moderate shade (25%–50% shade) could improve the physiological and ecological indicators of pinellia and reduce the threat of intense light exposure, but it would also reduce the tuber yield to varying extents

Combined with thin sections and electronic probe microanalyzer (EPMA) analysis, we studied the effect of the chemical composition of tuffaceous materials on the quality of sandstone reservoir in the Dingbei area. Analysis of 100 thin sections from five drilled wells indicates that the tuffaceous materials in sandstones from the Taiyuan and Shihezi Formation are common due to the volcanic eruptions. There are three types of tuffaceous materials in the sandstone: intermediate-basic type, intermediate-acid type, and mixed type. Seven thin sections were selected to analyze the chemical elements of tuffaceous materials by EPMA, with 3–8 test points on each thin section. The results indicate a clear decline in most major elements except for SiO2 and Al2O3. The elemental differentiation of tuffaceous sandstone is largely controlled by the activity of the diagenetic system. Under the slow-moving fluid, the active elements such as K, Na, Ca, Mg, and Fe are lost, and Si and Al are enriched. The SiO2 contents of EPMA results are up to 42%. Under the strong-flow fluid, Si and Al can be transferred to precipitate the kaolinites. In the closed diagenetic system, the contents of active elements such as Na and K are high. Dissolution or alteration of tuffaceous materials with different types under the acid fluid is one of the reasons for the generation of heterogeneous reservoirs. The intermediate-acid tuffaceous materials with high SiO2 content experience transformation without dissolution. The mixed tuffaceous materials are mainly transformed into kaolinite to form intercrystalline pores. Due to a large number of soluble components in the intermediate-basic tuffaceous materials, a large number of secondary pores are developed.

To address the problems in the existing video super-resolution methods, such as noise, over smooth and visual artifacts, which are caused by reliance on limited external training or mismatch of internal similarity instances, this study proposes a video super-resolution reconstruction algorithm based on deep learning and spatio-temporal feature similarity (DLSS-VSR). The video super-resolution reconstruction mechanism with joint internal and external constraints is established utilizing both external deep correlation mapping learning and internal spatio-temporal nonlocal self-similarity prior constraint. A deep learning model based on deep convolutional neural network is constructed to learn the nonlinear correlation mapping between low-resolution and high-resolution video frame patches. A spatio-temporal feature similarity calculation method is proposed, which considers both internal video spatio-temporal self-similarity and external clean nonlocal similarity. For the internal spatio-temporal feature self-similarity, we improve the accuracy and robustness of similarity matching by proposing a similarity measure strategy based on spatio-temporal moment feature similarity and structural similarity. The external nonlocal similarity prior constraint is learned by patch group-based Gaussian mixture model. The time efficiency for spatio-temporal similarity matching is further improved based on saliency detection and region correlation judgment strategy. Experimental results demonstrate that the DLSS-VSR achieves competitive super-resolution quality compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.

Cui, Shanshan, Li, Fang, Huang, Yixin, Huang, Xuanzhi, Wang, Xu, Zhu, Chaodong (2023): Description of a new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) from China. Zootaxa 5315 (1): 71-76, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN

Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 Type species: Conostigmus alutaceus (Thomson, 1858) Diagnosis. Male flagellomeres symmetrical and cylindrical. POL less than OOL. Wings present, macropterous or brachypterous. Posterior end of notauli always adjacent to transscutal articulation; Anteromedian projection of the metanoto—propodeo—metapecto—mesopectal complex present (not bifurcated) or absent. Male parossiculi independent or fused, and each parossiculus with gonostipes not fused. Sternaulus present or absent. A key to the species of Conostigmus from China (males) 1. Facial sulcus present.................................................. Conostigmus abdominalis Boheman, 1832 - Facial sulcus absent................................................................................... 2 2. Ocelli forming an acute triangle with POL less than LOL; mesosoma 2−2.1 times longer than wide......................................................................................... Conostigmus ampullaceus Dessert, 1997 - Ocelli forming an obtuse triangle with POL more than LOL; mesosoma at most 1.5 times longer than wide.............. 3 3. Anteromedian projection of the metanoto—propodeo—metapecto—mesopectal complex absent; basal gastral carinae reaching 1/3 of syntergum length..................................................... Conostigmus villosus Dessert, 1997 - Anteromedian projection of the metanoto—propodeo—metapecto—mesopectal complex present; basal gastral carinae reaching 1/4 of syntergum length............................................................. Conostigmus xui sp. nov., Published as part of Cui, Shanshan, Li, Fang, Huang, Yixin, Huang, Xuanzhi, Wang, Xu & Zhu, Chaodong, 2023, Description of a new species of Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) from China, pp. 71-76 in Zootaxa 5315 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5315.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/8130190, {"references":["Dahlbom (1858) Svenska sma-ichneumonernas familjer och slaegten. Ofversigt Af Kongliga Vetensk - Akadamiens Forh, 14, 289 - 298.","Thomson, C. G. (1858) Sveriges Proctotruper. Tredje Gruppen Ceraphronini. Ofversgt Af Kongl Vetenskapsakademiens Forth, 15, 287 - 305.","Boheman, C. H. (1832) Forsok till beskrifning af de i Sverige funne Arter, horande till Insekt-slagtet Ceraphron. K. Sven. Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, 1831, 322 - 339."]}

In this paper, we reported a new kind of cooling and light-enhanced hydrophilic nanocomposite film (PE/JW-0.8%) with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) as the substrate. The wetting, photophysical, and mechanical properties of PE/JW-0.8% were tested. The emission band of the fluorescence centers at 420 nm, which is perfectly consistent with the absorption spectrum of plant photosynthesis. In addition, light can be scattered by PE/JW-0.8% to achieve a larger light distribution area. PE/JW-0.8% showed a good durability of hydrophilicity in the water rinsing test. Meanwhile, the elongation at the break of the film was significantly increased. Benefiting from the fence structure induced labyrinth effect, a maximum reduction of 6.7 °C in temperature monitoring for PE/JW-0.8% was observed in the detailed field experiments. Light intensity monitoring showed that light intensity in PE/JW-0.8% increased by a maximum of 57.1% compared to PE/LH. In the biological quality analysis of melon, it was found that the soluble sugar, soluble solid, and vitamin C content of melon increased by 13.34, 22.96, and 50.95%, respectively. In conclusion, these results confirm that PE/JW-0.8% has great application potential in the field of facility agriculture, buildings, and photovoltaic modules.

A new species of Aspleniaceae, Hymenasplenium tholiformis sp. nov., is described from Medog County in southeastern Xizang, China. The new species is morphologically similar to H. apogamum and H. szechuanense, but the former has ascending pinnae, pinna apex obtuse to rounded, pinna-marginal teeth entire, and veins terminating just below marginal teeth. Phylogenetic analysis based on five plastid markers confirmed that this new species represents a diverging lineage in the H. excisum subclade of Hymenasplenium.

This paper addresses the direct and inverse source problems for the stochastic acoustic, biharmonic, electromagnetic, and elastic wave equations in a unified framework. The driven source is assumed to be a centered generalized microlocally isotropic Gaussian random field, whose covariance and relation operators are classical pseudo-differential operators. Given the random source, the direct problems are shown to be well-posed in the sense of distributions and the regularity of the solutions are given. For the inverse problems, we demonstrate by ergodicity that the principal symbols of the covariance and relation operators can be uniquely determined by a single realization of the far-field pattern averaged over the frequency band with probability one.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have attracted worldwide attention due to their high stability, refractory degradation, and bioaccumulation. In this study, 17 PFASs in water, sediment, and fish in the Dongjiang River Basin in southern China were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total PFASs concentrations ranged from 20.83 to 372.8 ng/L in water, from 1.050 to 3.050 ng/g in sediments, and from 12.28 to 117.4 ng/g in fish. Among six species of fish, Oreochromis mossambicus (mean: 68.55 ng/g) had the highest concentration of PFASs, while Tilapia zillii (36.90 ng/g) had the lowest concentration. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) predominates in water and sediments, while perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) predominates in fish. Long-chain perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) and perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs) showed higher bioaccumulation, and the field-sourced sediment-water partition coefficients (Kd) and bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of PFASs increased with the length of perfluorocarbon chains. PFASs concentration in the lower reaches (urban area) of the Dongjiang River is higher than that in the upper and middle reaches (rural area). The calculated hazard ratio (HR) of PFOS and PFOA levels in fish in the Dongjiang River Basin were far less than 1, hence the potential risk to human health was limited.

Grapevine is one of the most economically important crops worldwide. However, the previous versions of the grapevine reference genome consisted of thousands of fragments with missing centromeres and telomeres, which limited the accessibility of the repetitive sequences, the centromeric and telomeric regions, and the inheritance of important agronomic traits in these regions. Here, we assembled a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free reference genome for the pinot noir cultivar (PN40024) using the PacBio HiFi long reads. The T2T reference genome (PN_T2T) was 69 Mb longer with 9026 more genes identified than the 12X.v2 version (Canaguier et al., 2017). We annotated 67% repetitive sequences, 19 centromeres and 36 telomeres, and incorporated gene annotations of previous versions into the PN_T2T. We detected a total of 377 gene clusters, which showed associations with complex traits, such as aroma and disease resistance. Even though the PN40024 sample had been selfed for nine generations, we still found nine genomic hotspots of heterozygous sites associated with biological processes, such as the oxidation-reduction process and protein phosphorylation. The fully annotated complete reference genome, therefore, provides important resources for grapevine genetics and breeding. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program (Overseas) to Yongfeng Zhou, the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant2019YFA0906200), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (CAAS-ZDRW202101), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (grant KQTD2016113010482651), the BMBF funded de.NBI Cloud within the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI). We thank Bianca Frommer, Marie Lahaye, David Navarro-Payá, Marcela K. Tello-Ruiz and Kapeel Chougule for their help in analyzing the RNA-Seq data and in running the gene annotation pipeline. This study is also based upon work from COST Action CA17111 INTEGRAPE and form COST Innovators Grant IG17111 GRAPEDIA, supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). Viticulture T2T gap-fre gene cluster centromere telomere Published

Matlab code to computenutritional redundancy.

BackgroundCytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) is the standard treatment for patients with peritoneal cancer (PC). Following CRS-HIPEC, patients may also face risks caused by whole body hyperthermia. This study analyzed the incidence of temperature increases following CRS-HIPEC and identified the attendant risk factors.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out among 458 patients who received CRS-HIPEC at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University between August 2018 and January 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to post-HIPEC axillary temperature (≥38°C), with the demographics and the laboratory test results subsequently analyzed and compared, and the risk factors pertaining to temperature increases analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsDuring CRS-HIPEC, 32.5% (149/458) of the patients with a temperature increase had an axillary temperature of not lower than 38°C, and 8.5% (39/458) of the patients with hyperpyrexia had an axillary temperature of not lower than 39°C. Female gender, gynecological malignancies, type of chemotherapy drug, increased postoperative neutrophil percentage, and a sharp drop in postoperative prealbumin were associated with the incidence of a temperature increase and axillary temperatures of >38°C. Among these factors, the type of chemotherapy drug was identified as an independent risk factor for a temperature increase during CRS-HIPEC.ConclusionBy determining the risk factors pertaining to temperature increases during CRS-HIPEC, medical staff can identify the attendant risks among the patients and thus take preventive measures in a timely manner to maintain the patient’s body temperature at a stable level. This suggests that further clinical research should be conducted to build a risk-prediction model for temperature increases following CRS-HIPEC.

BackgroundCuproptosis is a newly discovered form of cell death induced by targeting lipoacylated proteins involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, the roles of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in the clinical outcomes and immune landscape of colon cancer remain unknown.MethodsWe performed bioinformatics analysis of the expression data of 13 CRGs identified from a previous study and clinical information of patients with colon cancer obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. Colon cancer cases were divided into two CRG clusters and prognosis-related differentially expressed genes. Patient data were separated into three corresponding distinct gene clusters, and the relationships between the risk score, patient prognosis, and immune landscape were analyzed. The identified molecular subtypes correlated with patient survival, immune cells, and immune functions. A prognostic signature based on five genes was identified, and the patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the calculated risk score. A nomogram model for predicting patient survival was developed based on the risk score and other clinical features.ResultsThe high-risk group showed a worse prognosis, and the risk score was related to immune cell abundance, microsatellite instability, cancer stem cell index, checkpoint expression, immune escape, and response to chemotherapeutic drugs and immunotherapy. Findings related to the risk score were validated in the imvigor210 cohort of patients with metastatic urothelial cancer treated with anti-programmed cell death ligand 1.ConclusionWe demonstrated the potential of cuproptosis-based molecular subtypes and prognostic signatures for predicting patient survival and the tumor microenvironment in colon cancer. Our findings may improve the understanding of the role of cuproptosis in colon cancer and lead to the development of more effective treatment strategies.

Due to the complex dynamic interactions of the vehicle-track system in the turnout of high-speed railway stations on a ballasted track, the geometric position of the line changes rapidly. In order to improve the stability of the line, the ballasted track in the turnout area of the stations can be replaced by a ballastless track. Based on the engineering background of laying ballastless track in the turnout area of Zhonglan’s high-speed railway station, this paper studies the subgrade reinforcement scheme, subgrade settlement prediction, and ballasted-ballastless track transition section setting. The result shows that, in order to meet the requirements of laying ballastless track in the turnout area, a reinforcement scheme of subgrade impact rolling, surcharge preloading, and closed water isolation on the subgrade surface is proposed. Based on the commonness and individuality of the grey Verhulst, hyperbola, and Deng Yinger prediction model, this paper optimizes the combination of the three models. The sum of squares of the minimum errors of the combined model is used as the objective function to solve the optimal weighting coefficient, and in this way the combined prediction model is constructed. Through the prediction comparison, we found that the accuracy of the three-model combination prediction model is better than any single- or two-model combination, and its adaptability and reliability are stronger and more reliable. This dynamic analysis model of vehicle tracks was established to carry out the dynamic response analysis under the conditions of fastener stiffness grading transition and ballast glue grading curing ballast bed transition. The results show that the dynamic response indexes under the two transition modes meet the requirements for the smooth running of trains. Due to the convenience of fastener stiffness transition construction and easier replacement, this measure is recommended.

The diverse members of the genus Daphne are prized for their fragrant flowers. Despite being promising ornamental plants in many countries, genetic information of Daphne is scarce. In this study, the plastomes of four species and one variety of Daphne were sequenced and analyzed. The plastomes were typical and contained a pair of inverted repeat (IR) regions that separated the large single-copy (LSC) region from the small single-copy (SSC) region. With a length ranging from 132,869 bp (D. genkwa) to 174,773 bp (Daphne championii), 106 to 141 genes were predicted. Comparative plastome analysis of the newly sequenced plastomes with four publicly available Daphne plastomes identified an expansion of the IRs, sequence variations, and mutational hotspots. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the genus Daphne in its current circumscription is polyphyletic. Daphne genkwa was nested within the genus Wikstroemia, while D. championii was well resolved as sister to Edgeworthia. These findings concurred with results from our study that used nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequence data. The conflicts on the molecular placement of D. championii and D. genkwa and the present taxonomic classification in Daphne suggest that a new intergeneric classification system of Daphneae warrants consideration.

The Asplenium coenobiale complex is distributed in Eastern Asia and Southeast Asia with its distribution center in southwestern China. In this study, we carried out a detailed morphological, cytological, and phylogenetic study by adding two samples from Danxia landform in Guangdong. The sequences of five chloroplast markers and one nuclear marker of the A. coenobiale complex were analyzed with maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, respectively. The morphological and phylogenetic analyses support the recognition of a new species (A. danxiaense K.W.Xu sp. nov.) of the A. coenobiale complex from a cave of Danxia mountain, Guangdong province, southern China. This new species can be distinguished from A. coenobiale and A. pulcherrimum by having scales narrowly triangular to lanceolate, apex ending in a short apical tail, basal basiscopic pinnule usually largest, fertile segment scarce, and exospore length usually more than 50 μm and shows significant molecular differences from other species in this complex. A detailed description and illustrations are presented.

Model predictive control (MPC) has been successfully extended into fault-tolerant operation for the five-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) under an open-circuit fault. However, compared with the open-circuit fault, the influence of short-circuit fault is more serious. Therefore, this paper proposes a new multi-vectors model predictive control (MV-MPC) with voltage error tracking for a five-phase PMSM under short-circuit faults, including single-phase short-circuit fault and interphase short-circuit fault. The key of this method is to directly add short-circuit compensatory currents to reference currents that benefited from the advantages of model predictive control. Due to the loss of the faulted phase, the shapes of ordinary sectors under faults become asymmetrical. Then, a multi-vectors selection method is presented by constructing the cost function with voltage error terms and determining optimal vectors based on the shortest distance principle and sine theorem. Compared with the existing methods, the total harmonic distortion of the current and torque ripple is reduced greatly under the proposed method. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are validated by experiments.

A multi-model simulation system for street-level circulation and pollutant tracking (S-TRACK) has been developed by integrating the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), the STAR-CCM+ (computational fluid dynamics model – CFD), and the Flexible Particle (FLEXPART) models. The winter wind environmental characteristics and the potential contribution of traffic sources to nearby receptor sites in a city district of China are analysed with the system for January 2019. It is found that complex building layouts change the structure of the wind field and thus have an impact on the transport of pollutants. The wind speed inside the building block is lower than the background wind speed due to the dragging effect of dense buildings. Ventilation is better when the dominant airflow is in the same direction as the building layout. Influenced by the building layout, the local circulations show that the windward side of the building is mostly the divergence zone, and the leeward side is mostly the convergence zone, which is more obvious for high buildings. With the hypothesis that the traffic sources are uniformly distributed on each road and with identical traffic intensity, the potential contribution ratios (PCRs) of four traffic sources to certain specific sites under the influence of the street-level circulations are estimated with the method of residence time analysis. It is found that the contribution ratio varies with the height of the receptor site. As a result of the generally upward motion in the airflow, the position with the greatest PCR from the four road traffic sources is located at a certain height which is commonly influenced by the distance of this location from the traffic source and the background wind field (about 15 m in this study). The potential contribution of a road to one of the receptor sites is also investigated under different wind directions. The established system and the results can be used to understand the characteristics of urban wind environment and to help the air pollution control planning in urban areas.

Calliphora grahami (Aldrich, 1930) (Diptera: calliphoridae) is a forensically important blow fly that is widely distributed across Asia, North America, Russia, and Mexico. Calliphora grahami is frequently found on corpses during the spring, autumn, and winter seasons. It is among the early colonizers of cadavers during the cold season, and sometimes, the only necrophagous blow fly on cadavers. Therefore, this species is of forensic significance, although very few studies have explored the application of its intrapuparial age for PMI estimation. This study aimed to examine the intrapuparial development of C. grahami and establish a method for estimating its intrapuparial age. Herein, the C. grahami puparia were studied under six different temperatures (13, 16, 19, 22, 25, and 28°C) for the intrapuparial age estimation, and a total of 5776 puparia were sampled. The morphological changes were divided into 11 stages based on the 1) development of legs and wings, 2) differentiation of the head, thorax, and abdomen, 3) growth and color of the bristles, and 4) color changes of the compound eyes. The corresponding time of each stage was determined. Moreover, the observation and classification of individual morphological features, including compound eyes, antennae, mouthparts, thorax, abdomen, legs, and wings was used to improve the precision of intrapuparial age estimation. The findings of this study provide important information on the use of C. grahami intrapuparia to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin).

This study aimed to evaluate the potential role of Bi2O3/TiO2@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on the antibacterial activity of the typical plant pathogenic bacteria Pst.DC3000 and the enhancement of tomato resistance to pathogenic bacteria. The in vitro antibacterial test showed that 4%rGO-(Bi2O3-TiO2) with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1280 μg·mL-1 had an inactivation efficiency of 6 log (>99.9999%) for Pst.DC3000 within 150 min under visible light conditions, which far exceeded the other types of nanomaterials under study. Good peroxidase-like and superoxide dismutase-like characteristics and the ability to tightly bind to lipopolysaccharide of the bacterial outer membrane made it adhere to the bacterial surface and produce a large amount of reactive oxygen species [·O2-, hydroxyl (·OH) and H2O2] for in-situ sterilization. This feature changed the permeability of the cell membrane and significantly down-regulated the virulence genes (hrpS, corS, iaaL and flgG), destroying the pathogenicity of the bacteria. Incredibly, 1280 μg·mL-1 (100μL per 1g leaf) 4%rGO-(Bi2O3-TiO2) foliar spray substantially alleviated the pathogenicity of Pst.DC3000, and both growth and photosynthetic function were improved. Simultaneously, the increase in thiols and defense-related enzyme activities (PPO, PAL and POD increased 4.5, 30 and 10 U·g-1·FW) indicated that 4%rGO-(Bi2O3-TiO2) significantly enhanced tomato resistance to Pst.DC3000, and PR-2 and PR-13 genes up-regulated 2.39- and 3.35-fold verified the enhancement of disease resistance. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that 4%rGO-(Bi2O3-TiO2) stood out in plant resistance and disease resistance and had potential application value in agricultural nanotechnology.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe (MnO2/DNAzyme) is constructed. In the presence of AChE, the product thiocholine reduces MnO2 to Mn2+. The released H1 strands hybridizes with H2 strands to activate DNAzyme and cause cleavage of DNA-F signal probe.

Phase picking is a critical step in the analysis of microseismic data. However, there is a lack of relevant methods for S-phase picking. In this letter, we pick the P-phase and extract the data around the S-phase arrival firstly based on previous studies. Then, we propose a method called time series segmentation clustering (TSSC) which is based on the K-means algorithm to pick the S-phase. In the TSSC method, we construct a feature vector of the microseismic signal and standardize the feature vector first. Then, we modify the K-means objective function into a function of time. We subsequently obtain the S-phase arrival corresponding to the minimum value of the objective function. We tested the objective function of the TSSC method on synthetic signals and microseismic signals, and the results show that the method is reliable. This automatic picking algorithm has been used to pick 1763 S-phase arrivals from microseismic signals. In comparison with manual picking results, a statistical analysis shows that this method is feasible.

Data and code for PPI prediction in manuscript: "Assessment of community efforts to advance network-based prediction of protein-protein interactions".

BackgroundManual therapy has been used as an alternative approach to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) for many years. Numerous systematic reviews (SRs) or meta-analyses (MAs) were published to evaluate its effectiveness and safety. Nevertheless, the conclusions of SRs/MAs are inconsistent, and the uneven quality needs to be critically appraised.ObjectivesTo conduct a comprehensive overview of the effectiveness and safety of manual therapy for KOA and the quality of relevant SRs/MAs, thus providing critical evidence and valuable direction for future researchers to promote the generation of advanced evidence.MethodsThe pre-defined search strategies were applied to eight electronic databases from inception to September 2022. Suitable SRs/MAs were included in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and evidence quality were assessed by two independent reviewers who used respectively the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2), the Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS), the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 Version (PRISMA 2020), and Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) based on the method of narrative synthesis. We excluded the overlapping randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and performed a re-meta-analysis of the total effective rate.ResultsA total of eleven relevant SRs/MAs were included: nine SRs/MAs were rated critically low quality, and two were rated low quality by AMSTAR-2. According to ROBIS, all SRs/MAs were rated low risk in Phase 1 (assessing relevance) and Domain 1 (study eligibility criteria) of Phase 2. Three SRs/MAs (27.27%) were rated low risk in Domain 2 (identification and selection of studies). Ten SRs/MAs (90.91%) were rated low risk in Domain 3 (data collection and study appraisal). Five SRs/MAs (45.45%) were rated low risk in Domain 4 (synthesis and findings). And five SRs/MAs (45.45%) were rated low risk in Phase 3 (risk of bias in the review). By PRISMA 2020, there were some reporting deficiencies in the aspects of abstract (2/11, 18.18%), search strategy (0/11, 0%), preprocessing of merging data (0/11, 0%), heterogeneity exploration (6/11, 54.55%), sensitivity analysis (4/11, 36.36%), publication bias (5/11, 45.45%), evidence quality (3/11, 27.27%), the list of excluded references (3/11, 27.27%), protocol and registration (1/11, 9.09%), funding (1/11, 9.09%), conflict of interest (3/11, 27.27%), and approach to relevant information (0/11, 0%). In GRADE, the evidence quality was defined as moderate quality (8 items, 21.05%), low quality (16 items, 42.11%), and critically low quality (14 items, 36.84%). Among the downgraded factors, risk of bias, inconsistency, imprecision, and publication bias were the main factors. A re-meta-analysis revealed that manual therapy can increase the total effective rate in KOA patients (risk ratio = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [1.12, 1.18], p < 0.00001; I2 = 0, p = 0.84). There are four reviews that narratively report adverse effects, and no severe adverse reactions occurred in the manual therapy group.ConclusionsManual therapy may be clinically effective and safe for patients with KOA. However, this conclusion must be interpreted with caution because of the generally unsatisfactory study quality and inconsistent conclusions of the included SRs/MAs. Further rigorous and normative SRs/MAs are expected to be carried out to provide robust evidence for definitive conclusions.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#myprospero, identifier: CRD42022364672.

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RLA) and transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (TLA) in the treatment of large (≥6cm) adrenal pheochromocytomas.MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical data of 130 patients with large pheochromocytoma who underwent RLA or TLA in our hospital from 2012 to 2022. The perioperative parameters and follow-up outcomes of the two groups were compared, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors of hemodynamic instability (HI).ResultsA total of 57 patients underwent TLA and 73 underwent RLA. There was no difference in demographic characteristics such as age, sex and tumor size between the two groups. Compared with the TLA group, patients in the RLA group had shorter operation time (PConclusionsBoth RLA and TLA are effective treatment methods for large pheochromocytomas, but the perioperative outcomes of RLA are better than that of TLA. Our study demonstrates the superiority of RLA for the treatment of large pheochromocytomas.

Aim: To profile the plasma proteomics and metabolomics of patients with renal cysts, sporadic angiomyolipoma (S-AML) and tuberous sclerosis complex related angiomyolipoma (TSC-RAML) before and after everolimus treatment, and to find potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as reveal the underlying mechanism of TSC tumorigenesis.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively measured the plasma proteins and metabolites from November 2016 to November 2017 in a cohort of pre-treatment and post-treatment TSC-RAML patients and compared them with renal cyst and S-AML patients by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS). The tumor reduction rates of TSC-RAML were assessed and correlated with the plasma protein and metabolite levels. In addition, functional analysis based on differentially expressed molecules was performed to reveal the underlying mechanisms.Results: Eighty-five patients with one hundred and ten plasma samples were enrolled in our study. Multiple proteins and metabolites, such as pre-melanosome protein (PMEL) and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), demonstrated both diagnostic and prognostic effects. Functional analysis revealed many dysregulated pathways, including angiogenesis synthesis, smooth muscle proliferation and migration, amino acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism.Conclusion: The plasma proteomics and metabolomics pattern of TSC-RAML was clearly different from that of other renal tumors, and the differentially expressed plasma molecules could be used as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. The dysregulated pathways, such as angiogenesis and amino acid metabolism, may shed new light on the treatment of TSC-RAML.