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C16H12ClFO5, monclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 14.7536(6) Å, b = 7.8281(3) Å, c = 14.0501(7) Å, β = 111.174 ( 5 ) ° $111.174(5){}^{\circ}$ , V = 1513.13(12) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0367, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0865, T = 296(2) K.

[C10H11N2 +, PF6 −], triclinic, P 1 ‾ $P\overline{1}$ (no. 2), a = 8.9854(3) Å, b = 9.1004(3) Å, c = 9.2312(3) Å, α = 66.667(3)°, β = 74.875(3)°, γ = 74.024(3)°, V = 656.40(4) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt (F) = 0.0513, wRref (F 2) = 0.1515, T = 296(2) K.

[C11H10O5], monoclinic, P21/n, a = 7.041(3) Å, b = 9.339(4) Å, c = 15.614(6) Å, β = 103.03°, V = 1000.2(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0337, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0994, T = 296(2) K.

C9H11BrNiO8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.5077(16) Å, b = 6.7688(13) Å, c = 22.459(4) Å, β = 98.188(2)°, V = 1280.2(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0256, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0585, T = 296(2) K.

C12H12O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 16.071(6) Å, b = 9.424(4) Å, c = 7.640(3) Å, β = 101.861(5)°, V = 1132.4(8) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0366, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1043, T = 296(2) K.

C11H12O5, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.5523(7) Å, b = 12.7610(17) Å, c = 15.374(2) Å, V = 1089.3(2) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0273, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0787, T = 296(2) K.

C9H15F6N2O2P, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3781(15) Å, b = 13.970(3) Å, c = 12.904(2) Å, β = 104.500(2)°, V = 1462.3(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0677, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1977, T = 296(2) K.

C26H21Cl2F3N4O, monoclinic, Pc (no. 7), a = 21.218(6) Å, b = 5.9599(16) Å, c = 9.439(3) Å, β = 99.295(3)°, V = 1177.9(5) Å3, Z = 2, R gt (F) = 0.0471, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1282, T = 296(2) K.

Five chalcone derivatives (E)-1-(2-(2-bromoethoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(1), (E)-1-(2-(3-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(2),(E)-1-(2-(4-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(3),(E)-1-(2-(5-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(4),(E)-1-(2-(6-bromopropoxy)phenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one(5) were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, HRMS. The crystalline structures of compounds 4 and 5 were further characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction. Among the five compounds, 1 and 2 showed inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, but 4 and 5 increased the activity of α-glucosidase. Five chalcone derivatives were synthesized and characterized by 1H MNR and HRMS. The crystalline structures of two compounds were further characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction. Two of the compounds have the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase, and two different compounds have the ability to promote α-glucosidase.

2-(N-tert-butoxycarbonylamino) pyridine and 2-(N-tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-methylpyridine were synthesized in a one-step method using either 2-aminopyridine or 2-amino-3-methyphyridine with tert-butylcarbonyl anhydride as the starting materials. The products were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The biological activity of the two compounds against five fungi was determined. 2-(N-tert-butoxycarbonylamino) pyridine has more than 50% inhibitory activity against Pyricularia oryzae, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Alternaria alternate. In addition, the inhibitory activity of 2-(N-tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-3-methylpyridine against Alternaria alternate reached 67.69%. Two 2-BOC aminopyridine derivatives were synthesized and structurally characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS analysis and X-ray crystal diffraction. The inhibitory activity both compounds was studied.

A facile and eco-friendly way for fabrication of CuO is developed based on an one-step chemical precipitation route without calcination procedure or use of surfactant. The structure features of as-prepared CuO are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption-desorption experiment. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that CuO with particle size of 13.5–19.2 nm and crystallinity of 67.0–72.9% can be fabricated by the transformation of Cu(OH)2 precursor at bath temperature above 50 °C. By adjusting the oil bath temperature and the content of ammonium hydroxide, we demonstrate a formation mechanism to control CuO to be 2D leaf-like structure with large specific surface area of 33.4 m2/g and pore volume of 0.226 cm3/g, or 3D flower-like ones with specific surface area of 7.45–18.7 m2/g and pore volume of 0.0249–0.0850 cm3/g. The catalytic performances of as-prepared CuO are evaluated by monitoring degradation of methylene blue in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Almost 100% methylene blue degradation rate can be reached after reaction for 210 min on 3D flower-like CuO synthesized with 10 mL ammonia content in oil bath of 50 °C. The high activity can be correlated with the morphology and pore volume of CuO. The present synthetic strategy is an inexpensive and convenient way suitable for large-scale fabrication of copper oxides, which are potential catalysts for organic compounds degradation.

A series of novel N-alkyl-1-deoxynojirimycin derivatives 25 ∼ 44 were synthesised and evaluated for their in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory activity to develop α-glucosidase inhibitors with high activity. All twenty compounds exhibited α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 30.0 ± 0.6 µM to 2000 µM as compared to standard acarbose (IC50 = 822.0 ± 1.5 µM). The most active compound 43 was ∼27-fold more active than acarbose. Kinetic study revealed that compounds 43, 40, and 34 were all competitive inhibitors on α-glucosidase with Kiof 10 µM, 52 µM, and 150 µM, respectively. Molecular docking demonstrated that the high active inhibitors interacted with α-glucosidase by four types of interactions, including hydrogen bonds, π–π stacking interactions, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic interaction. Among all the interactions, the π–π stacking interaction and hydrogen bond played a significant role in a various range of activities of the compounds.

C15H12N2O4, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 5.4588(5) Å, b = 29.629(3) Å, c = 8.1217(8) Å, β = 93.157(1)°, V = 1311.6(2) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0346, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0925, T = 296(2) K.

C15H13F2NO4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 5.1342(10) Å, b = 9.6478(18) Å, c = 27.192(5) Å, β = 95.42°, V = 1340.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0434, wR ref (F 2) = 0.1197, T = 296(2) K.

[C9H13F6N2O2P], monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 6.5994(13) Å, b = 10.754(2) Å, c = 19.754(4) Å, β = 96.267(2)°, V = 1393.6(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0674, wR ref(F 2) = 0.2124, T = 296(2) K.

[C16H12O4], monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 13.760(5) Å, b = 4.9003(18) Å, c = 19.125(7) Å, β = 101.331(5)°, V = 1264.5(8) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0383, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1072, T = 296(2) K.

CuO/CeO2–MnO2 (CuCeMn-4) catalyst was prepared by redox method and was tested in the CO preferential oxidation in H2-rich gases (CO PROX). CuO/CeO2–Mn2O3 (CuCeMn-3) catalyst was prepared and tested for comparison. CuCeMn-4 exhibits higher catalytic activity than CuCeMn-3. The complete CO conversion with CO2 selectivity of 92% can be obtained at 120 °C over CuCeMn-4. The catalysts were characterized by means of N2 adsorption/desorption, XRD, H2-TPR and XPS techniques. The results show that the interaction between MnO2 and CeO2 in catalyst is stronger than Mn2O3 and CeO2, which can promote the mobility of oxygen species from CeO2–MnO2 to active copper species. XPS characterization further revealed that CuCeMn-4 contains richer lattice oxygen, higher amount of Cu+ species and less carbonate species on the surface as compared with CuCeMn-3. All these should be greatly responsible for the high activity of CuCeMn-4 catalyst.

A kind of functionalized diallylimidazole ionic liquids (CnDAIMF) was synthesized and applied in the dehydration of D-fructose to produce 5-HMF under the microwave radiation. The results showed that X-ray, 1H NMR and FT-IR confirmed the production. The target ILs existed in a highly centrally symmetric, and crystalline state at room temperature, with a good thermal stability up to 300°C (HTD≥340°C). In the experiments of conversion D-fructose to 5-HMF, 5-HMF could be obtained via the catalysis of diallylimidazole IL whether in water or DMSO. The catalytic performance of these ILs was not much different from that of solid acid (like camphor sulfonic acid or solid carbon sulfonic acid), and which was higher than that of the monoimidazole hexafluorophosphate or imidazole class bromine salt, but there were no obvious changes can be found with the variation of carbon chain length between imidazole rings in diallylimidazole IL. The effects of temperature and solvent on the reaction were more significant. The optimized yield of 5-HMF was 52.59% at 185°C in a water-C2DAIMF solvent (t=10 min), while 73.71% at 195°C in DMSO-C2DAIMF solvent. Furthermore, six CnDAIMF have a considerable effect on the conversion in water and 5-HMF yield of about 50% could be obtained, which is satisfactory compared with other similar processes, especially in the microwave system of aqueous solution. Therefore, this process may be benefit for many researches and applications related to functionalized ionic liquid research and biomass conversion applications.

Three coordination polymers [ZnL4Cl2]n(1), [(AgL2·NO3)2]n(2), [CuL4·2NO3]n(3) (L = uniconazole) have been synthesised and structurally characterized by element analysis, infrared spectra and X-ray crystal diffraction. Complex 1 is the triclinic system, space group P-1 with a = 8.9407(10) A, b = 13.2994(15) A, c = 14.9242(17) A, α = 93.8180(10)°, β = 99.0250(10)°, γ = 104.7690(10)°, V = 1684.1(3) A3. Complex 2 is the Triclinic system, space group P-1 with a = 8.997(3) A, b = 16.941(5) A, c = 24.113(7) A, α = 89.182(4)°, β = 86.440(4)°, γ = 86.440(4)°, V = 3483.0(19) A3. Complex 3 is the triclinic system, space group P-1 with a = 8.7387(5) A, b = 13.4087(8) A, c = 15.4353(9) A, α = 87.8870(10)°, β = 80.7150(10)°, γ = 71.3930(10)°, V = 1691.42(17) A3. In 1 and 3, Each six-coordinated Zn(II), Cu(II) ions adopts a distorted octahedral geometry. 1 and 3 was linked into a one dimensional chain by intermolecular hydrogen bonds. But in 2, each Ag(I) ion is two-coordinated in a linear mode. Althought there is many intermolecular hydrogen bonds, but the complex is zero dimensional. Three new coordination polymers [ZnL4Cl2]n(1), [(AgL2·NO3)2]n(2), [CuL4·2NO3]n(3) (L = uniconazole) have been synthesised and structurally characterized by element analysis, infrared spectra and X-ray crystal diffraction.

The hexafluorophosphate type ionic liquids, as one kind of functionalized ionic liquids, have a good application prospect in many fields. In this work, a series of diimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquids with different carbon chain lengths (CnDIMF, n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) were synthesized and characterized, so as to find the influence of cation on their structure and properties. The results showed that these products are needlelike or lamellar crystals, and their solubility and thermal stability were similar, but there are significantly different in their melting points and crystal structures. They were insoluble in non-polar or weak polar solvents, while have good solubility in polar aprotic solvents. Surprisingly, they could exhibit the temperature-controlled characteristics in methanol and water. These products have a good thermal stability up to 300 °C, and their decomposition temperature also slightly increases from 360 to 395 °C with the increase in the spacer chain length. The melting points of them are above 120 °C, which increased with the decrease of molecular weight if they belong to the same crystal system. Crystallography data showed that two cationic 1-vinylimidazolium were bound to the both sides of alkyl group, and the two imidazole rings were crystallographically dependant plane, and their structure changed from a semi-capsule with a close angle to a linear with a wide angle between the two imidazole rings. The study and determination of these properties, especially the temperature-controlled performance, is interesting and can afford reliable reference for future applications.

Two coordination polymers [Ag(HIMPAA)(IMPAA)] n (1), [Cu(HIMPAA)(IMPAA)Cl] n (2), (HIMPAA = (2E)-3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl]acrylic acid) have been synthesised with ozagrel and structurally characterized by element analysis, infrared spectra (IR), PXRD and X-ray crystal diffraction. Complex 1 is the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 10.897(3) A, b = 6.1624(14) A, c = 19.274(4) A, α = 90.00°, β = 113.13°, γ = 90.00°, V = 1190.2(5) A3, Z = 2. In complex 1, the Ag(I) atom is two-coordinated in a linear mode. Intermolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonds links 1 to generate one-dimensional hydrogen bonds chain. Complex 2 is the monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 22.742(7) A, b = 13.829(4) A, c = 7.918(2) A, α = 90.00°, β = 97.10°, γ = 90.00°, V = 2471.1(12) A3, Z = 4. In complex 2, four HIMPAA and four Cu(II) ions forms a novel 52-membered macrocycle [Cu4(IMPAA)4]4+. The 52-membered macrocycle is further briged by HIMPAA to form a two-dimensional network. A one-dimensional coordination polymers [Ag(HIMPAA)(IMPAA)] n (1) and a two-dimensional network [Cu(HIMPAA)(IMPAA)Cl] n (2), (HIMPAA = (2E)-3-[4-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)phenyl] acrylic acid) were synthesised with ozagrel and structurally characterized by element analysis, IR, PXRD and X-ray crystal diffraction.

[C11H12N4], triclinic, P1̄, a = 6.6939(10) Å, b = 8.8034(13) Å, c = 9.1140(13) Å, α = 97.749(2)°, β = 99.285(2)%, γ = 95.917(2)°, V = 520.90(13) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0381, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1030, T = 296(2) K.

The microstructural properties of dry-grinding derived Co3O4 catalysts pretreated under different atmospheres, in relation to the activities on CO oxidation were investigated. The Co3O4 synthesized by soft reactive grinding and pretreated with O2 resulted in the best activity, with 100% conversion of CO at −52 °C, superior to that of Co3O4 pretreated with He. To find out the active sites on Co3O4 for low temperature CO oxidation, the characterizations of the cobalt oxides had been investigated by means of N2 physisorption, XRD, TEM, H2-TPR, CO-titration, XPS and O2-TPD technologies. XPS of Co2p results show that it is difficult to ascribe the difference in catalytic performance to the surface concentration of active Co3+ sites. A correlation between the activity and the CO-titration and O2-TPD results for Co3O4 reveals that a high abundance of readily accessible superficial electrophilic oxygen (O−) species is important for achieving a high activity. Therefore, CO oxidation takes place on the surface active oxygen sites in Co3O4 crystallites via the suprafacial mechanism.

C12H14N4O11, orthorhombic, C2221 (no. 20), a = 4.7425(3) Å, b = 12.5852(9) Å, c = 26.5080(18) Å, V = 1582.14(19) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0377, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1064, T = 296(2) K.

C37H52O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 11.1018(9) A, b = 12.434(1) A, c = 22.860(2) A, V = 3155.7 A, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0351, wRref(F ) = 0.0922, T = 296 K.

Mesoporous Co 3 O 4 was successfully synthesized through a facile soft reactive grinding route at room temperature for the first time, using the polyethylene glycols as an assisted agent. The synthesis is simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared Co 3 O 4 were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and N 2 -sorption analysis. XRD studies indicated that the as-prepared product was well-crystallized cubic phase of Co 3 O 4 . TEM images showed that the obtained Co 3 O 4 powders consisted of quasi-spherical particles with size of approximately 10 nm. The N 2 -sorption analysis showed that the product has a large surface area of 124 m 2 g − 1 and a narrow pore size distribution centered at 3.8 nm. The catalytic property of the as-prepared Co 3 O 4 was investigated in the oxidation of CO. The light-off temperature T 50 (temperature at 50% conversion) is − 101 °C, under a stream of normal feed gas containing moisture. The enhanced surface area is suggested to play a key role in the high activity of the cobalt oxide catalyst.

In the title compound, [Cd(C6H7N2O5)2], the Cd atom lies on an inversion center and has a slightly distorted octahedral geometry. The equatorial plane contains two bidentate 5-carboxy-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylate monoanionic ligands. Two coordinated water molecules occupy the axial sites. Intermolecular N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into chains, which are further connected by intermolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds, resulting in a three-dimensional supramolecular framework.

In the title compound, [Eu(C8H6NO2)3(H2O)]n, the europium(III) ion is coordinated by eight carboxyl­ate O atoms and one water mol­ecule. The carboxyl­ate ligands bridge pairs of europium(III) ions, forming a zigzag chain along [100]; hydrogen bonds link the chains into sheets parallel to (001).

The asymmetric unit of the title compound [systematic name: (E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol], C15H17Cl2N3O, contains two molecules in which the dihedral angles between the triazole and benzene rings are 9.4 (2) and 35.0 (2)°. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by O—H...N hydrogen bonds, forming C(7) chains propagating in [010].

The Co atom in the title compound, [Co(C6H5N2O4)2(H2O)2], is located on an inversion centre and exhibits a distorted octa­hedral geometry. It is trans coordinated by two N,O-bidentate 5-carb­oxy-2-methyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxyl­ate monoanionic ligands with two water mol­ecules in the axial positions. Each ligand is stabilized by a strong, almost symmetrical, hydrogen bond. Inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into layers, which are further linked into a three-dimensional supra­molecular framework through O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions involving the water mol­ecules.