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© Research India Publications. In article the problems of operation of compressed gas vehicles equipped with system of injection of gasoline and gas are considered. There is offered the solution of these problems by using of a combination of two fuels - gasoline and gas. Theoretical bases of a combination of fuels of compressed gas vehicles are given.

Ethanol has significant potential for the reduction of fuel consumption and the emissions of engines. In this paper, a dual-fuel combined engine test rig with ethanol injected in the intake port and gasoline injected directly into the cylinder are developed and the effects of ethanol/gasoline ratio (Re) on the combustion and emission of particle numbers are investigated experimentally. The results indicate that the peak in-cylinder temperature (Tmax) decreases continuously with the increase of the ethanol/gasoline ratio (Re). For particle emissions, ethanol can significantly reduce the accumulation mode particle number (APN) at low engine speed, and the lowest number of particulates are at G25 (the gasoline ratio is 25% of the fuel) at low load. And at high engine load, the total particle number (TPN) is insensitive to speed with large ethanol fraction and TPN is relatively small. With the decrease of Re (Re &lt, 50%), TPN rises sharply . When the direct injection timing advances, TPN reduces continuously and the effects caused by speed can be neglected. On the contrary, the speed has significant effects on particle emissions at various ignition times. At low speed, increasing ignition advance can cause the increase of the TPN, which is contrary to the effects of particle emissions at medium engine speed. And the effect of ignition timing at high speed on particle number is not obvious. The ignition timing for which the lowest TPN is reached will increase with the direct injection timing advances.

a b s t r a c t The simultaneous injection of pulverized coal and charcoal in the blast furnace has recently received remarkable attention due to its potential to decrease the coke consumption and increase productivity. This paper is focused on modeling the simultaneous injection of pulverized coal and charcoal into the blast furnace through the tuyeres with oxygen enrichment. This model treats the blast furnace as a multi-phase reactor and six phases are considered simultaneously, namely: gas, lump solids (lump iron ore, sinter, pellets, coke and small coke), hot metal, molten slag, pulverized coal and charcoal. Conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and chemical species are solved simultaneously based on the finite volume method. The model is validated with a base case of actual operation using 215 kg/thm of pulverized coal injection and afterwards mixed injection of coal and charcoal are simulated for injection rate of 250 kg/thm. Model results indicated that the productivity of the blast furnace could be increased up to 25% with simultaneous injection combined with oxygen enrichment. © 2013 Brazilian Metallurgical, Materials and Mining Association. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.