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RESUMO Como a literatura obteve a primazia na vida cultural e intelectual no país e ocupa lugar destacado na obra de Antonio Candido de Mello e Souza, neste trabalho, a partir de suas reflexões, procura-se apresentar algumas discussões sobre a contribuição da literatura para a formação e humanização do homem. Pois em seu caminho o crítico literário voltou seu olhar também para a educação, aspecto pouco relevado de sua produção se comparado a outros como o de crítico literário. Nesse sentido, não seria exagerado afirmar que Candido fornece importantes contribuições, subsídios e ferramentas teóricas para um repensar do modo que temos concebido o processo de formação e construído historicamente a educação e a universidade no Brasil. ABSTRACT As literature obtained primacy in Brazil’s cultural and intellectual life and occupies a prominent place in the work of Antonio Candido, in this article, based on his reflections, we strive to show some discussions on the contribution of literature to the formation and humanization of man. Because, on his journey, the critic also turned his attention to education, a less relevant aspect of his production when compared to others, such literary criticism. In this sense, it would not be an exaggeration to say that Candido provides important contributions, scholarly underpinnings, and theoretical tools to rethink how we have conceived the educational process and historically constructed the education and the university in Brazil.

OBJETIVO:Descrever com base na literatura científica, as vantagens da implementação do PP como instrumento de promoção de segurança e autonomia no processo de parturição.MÉTODO:Compreende um estudo bibliográfico, de caráter descritivo, realizado entre os meses de março a abril de 2023 pela Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando os descritores :Gestação; Parto, Humanização e Autonomia pessoal. Dessa forma foram incluídos estudos em português e inglês, na íntegra e publicados nos últimos cinco anos. A busca inicial resultou em 126 estudos. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e leitura exploratória apenas nove foram selecionados para compor esta pesquisa.RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO:Conforme análise da literatura, a implementação do PP configura-se como uma ferramenta importantíssima de garantia aos direitos e autonomia da mulher por favorecer uma melhor comunicação entre a mulher e os profissionais de saúde, oportunizando discussões de opções disponíveis e favorecendo controle, segurança e diminuindo os índices de violência obstétrica e intervenções desnecessárias, evidenciando o protagonismo da gestante durante o momento do parto.CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS:É pertinente a busca por mais conhecimento no que diz respeito ao PP como forma de oferecer às gestantes um maior suporte na orientação da construção do instrumento. Bem como, os profissionais devem disponibilizar estratégias para a criação do plano, não contemplando somente a ocasião da consulta de pré-natal, mas possibilitando a construção individual e/ou coletiva junto a família.

Traditional Human Resource Management (HRM) is today fundamentally being called into question. Its tools and policies have contributed to a certain professionalisation in the management of persons, by means of managerial techniques, which are today challenged in terms of their results: high levels of resignations, dissatisfaction, lack of commitment, burnout, etc. Workers no longer want to be treated as ‘resources’, and HRM must not only be at the service of the economic and/or financial performance of firms. Whilst criticisms are numerous and deserve to be qualified, alternative offerings are more rare. In French-speaking countries, ‘Humane Management’ has truly developed and confers other cornerstones, end purposes and methods to the management of persons within organisations, whilst being more focused on human beings, real work and recognition for it. This chapter presents this proposal and the conditions for Managing Humanely and opens up the path to a more sustainable, ethical and qualitative management of people and organizations.

Slave narratives do not display instances of rebellion in the usual sense of the word because formerly enslaved narrators could not include any threats of violence in their narratives. In telling their stories, however, the narrators did rebel against slavery, although their weapons consisted of words carefully chosen to testify against the horror they had undergone and witnessed and to fight racial stereotypes. When referring to black people, they used the usual labels only to question them and resist the dehumanization and prejudices inherent in racial categories. They questioned the concept of race itself through a network of images involving skin color and blood as vectors of ethnicity and identity, and they blurred the color line in many ways. Dehumanization by pro-slavery activists – and even abolitionists – was indeed the main issue black people faced and resisted against. By focusing on individuals and individual stories of conversion and redemption, they reclaimed their humanity. Les récits d’esclaves ne contiennent pas de rébellion au sens attendu du terme car aucune menace de violence ne pouvait trouver place dans ces récits. En racontant leur histoire, les anciens esclaves se sont pourtant rebellés contre l’esclavage, mais leurs armes étaient des mots pour témoigner de l’horreur qu’ils avaient vécue et dont ils avaient été témoins. Pour parler des Noirs, ils ont utilisé les étiquettes habituelles mais pour les combattre et résister ainsi à la déshumanisation et aux préjugés inhérents aux catégories raciales. Ils ont remis en question le concept même de « race » grâce à un réseau d’images utilisant la couleur de la peau et le sang comme vecteurs d’ethnicité et d’identité, et ont ainsi brouillé la « ligne de couleur ». Leur déshumanisation par les esclavagistes – mais aussi par les abolitionnistes – était bien le principal problème contre lequel ils résistaient. En se concentrant sur les individus, ils sont parvenus à reconquérir leur humanité. Los relatos de los esclavos no contienen rebelión en el sentido habitual del término porque no cabía en ellos la menor amenaza de violencia. Sin embargo al contar su historia, los antiguos esclavos se rebelaron contra la esclavitud con armas que fueron sus palabras, dando testimonio del horror que habían vivido y presenciado. Para hablar de los negros, utilizaban las etiquetas consabidas, pero para combatirlas y resistir así a la deshumanización y los prejuicios inherentes a las categorías raciales. Cuestionaron el propio concepto de “raza” mediante una red de imágenes que utilizaba el color de la piel y la sangre como vectores de etnicidad e identidad, difuminando por lo tanto la “línea de color”. Su deshumanización por parte de los esclavistas -pero también de los abolicionistas- era, de hecho, el principal problema con el que se enfrentaban. Al centrarse en el individuo, consiguieron recuperar su humanidad.

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a predominantly type 2-mediated inflammatory disease with high symptom burden and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This report aimed to comprehensively understand the effects of dupilumab on domains of HRQoL, their individual elements, and health status in patients with severe CRSwNP from phase 3 SINUS-24 (NCT02912468) and SINUS-52 (NCT02898454) trials. Methods Patients were randomized to dupilumab (n = 438) or placebo (n = 286) for 24 weeks (SINUS-24), or 52 weeks (SINUS-52). Disease-specific HRQoL using 22-item sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22), and health status using EuroQoL-visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) was evaluated in the pooled intention-to-treat (ITT) population (Week 24), SINUS-52 ITT (Week 52) and in the subgroups with/without asthma; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (NSAID-ERD); and prior sinus surgery. Results At baseline, patients had poor disease-specific HRQoL and general health status and identified "Decreased sense of smell/taste" and "Nasal blockage" as the most important symptoms. Dupilumab significantly improved SNOT-22 total, domain (Nasal, Sleep, Function, Emotion, and Ear/facial), and 22-item scores, and EQ-VAS, at Week 24 vs placebo (all p < .0001), with continued improvements to Week 52 in SINUS-52. Improvements occurred irrespective of comorbid asthma, NSAID-ERD, or prior surgery. A significantly greater proportion of dupilumab-treated patients exceeded clinically meaningful thresholds for SNOT-22 total score and EQ-VAS vs placebo (all subgroups p < .05 except patients without surgery at Week 24). Conclusions Dupilumab treatment led to significant clinically meaningful improvements across all aspects of disease-specific HRQoL, and general health status in patients with severe CRSwNP.

В статье ставится проблема диалогизации образовательного процесса в начальной школе. Использование учебного диалога рассматривается как средство гуманизации и гуманитаризации современного образования., The article raises the problem of dialogization of the educational process in primary school. The use of educational dialogue is considered as a means of humanization and humanitarization of modern education.

O homem é um ser inacabado no qual vivencia constantemente até o findar da sua vida o processo de humanização, entretanto, esse processo não acontece de forma inata e direta, mas sobretudo, de forma social, cultural e histórica, além disso, é mediado por um sistema de símbolos e signos. Dessa forma, o presente artigo de cunho bibliográfico propõe uma reflexão acerca da contribuição da Psicologia Histórico-cultural na busca por entender o processo de tornar-se homem. Em um segundo momento, buscou-se também discutir o papel da instituição escolar frente ao processo de humanização, sendo essa considerada um instrumento capaz de produzir em cada indivíduo singular, a humanização produzida pelo conjunto de homens.&nbsp

Recent years have seen recurrent calls for bridging the “gap” between the worlds of policy-makers, practitioners, and academic scholars concerned with forced migration and humanitarian aid. This has resulted in growing partnerships between international organisations, governments, businesses, foundations, and universities with the aim of harnessing market economic thinking to create new practice-oriented knowledge rather than out-of-touch theories. This intervention responds critically to these developments and questions the seemingly common-sense logic behind attempts to forge ever closer collaborations across institutional lines. Rather than benefitting displaced communities, bridging divides has often served as a way of consolidating the hegemony of humanitarian actors and inadvertently delegitimized more critical scholarship. Scholars in refugee and forced migration studies have hereby been engulfed in a tightening “humanitarian embrace”. This paper argues that in order to fulfil a scholarly commitment to social justice, anti-violence and pro-asylum politics, it is time to again demarcate the boundaries between the practices and institutions that reproduce humanitarian power and their critics., Dans les dernières années, des appels renouvelés en faveur du rapprochement entre le monde des décideurs politiques, des travailleurs humanitaires et des chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales se sont fait entendre. Cela a conduit à une croissance des partenariats entre les universitaires, les organisations humanitaires, les gouvernements et les entreprises, qui ont uni leurs forces afin de venir en aide aux personnes dans le besoin. Cet article adresse une réponse critique à ces développements et remet en question la logique derrière ces tentatives de forger des partenariats de plus en plus étroits par-delà les frontières institutionnelles. Il soutient que le domaine humanitaire, malgré son hétérogénéité, n’est en aucun cas un terrain équitable où les significations, les structures de pouvoir et les pratiques d’aide humanitaire sont vraiment ouvertes» à la négociation. Les tentatives de rapprochement ont souvent servi à consolider l’hégémonie institutionnelle et épistémique des acteurs humanitaires et a eu pour effet de délégitimer la recherche critique visant des changements structurels. Les chercheurs en études des réfugiés et de la migration forcée se retrouvent ainsi pris dans une étreinte de plus en plus serrée. Cet article soutient qu’afin de remplir un engagement plus radical en faveur de la justice sociale, de la non-violence et de l’égalité, il est temps de délimiter les frontières entre l’humanitarisme institutionnalisé et la recherche politiquement engagée, lente et insurrectionnelle priorisant la solidarité avec les migrants marginalisés, racisés, mis en camps ou déplacés eux-mêmes. À cette fin, je propose l’infiltration, la recherche lente et l’accompagnement comme méthodologies de recherche alternatives dans les espaces humanitaires.

In this intervention I make two main suggestions to humanize refugee research. First, the tendency to select “research hotspots” as field sites—where researchers tend to approach the same interviewees and spaces—should not only be called out and avoided, but battled against. Second, I suggest that refugee research should collaborate directly with other studies of social, political, and economic phenomena in an effort to not make displacement the sine qua non condition for doing research but, instead, only one of the many conditions a human being can inhabit within receiving societies. Pursuing this aim will be easier when studies on forced migration do not become compartmentalized and develop in isolation from other disciplines and research groups., Dans cette intervention, je fais deux suggestions principales pour humaniser la recherche sur les réfugiés. Premièrement, la tendance à choisir des points comme terrains de recherche - où les chercheur.es approchent souvent les mêmes répondant.es et les mêmes espaces - doit être non seulement dénoncée et évitée, mais aussi combattue. Deuxièmement, je suggère que la recherche sur les réfugiés devrait s’effectuer en collaboration directe avec d’autres champs d’études portant sur des phénomènes sociaux, politiques et économiques afin d’éviter de faire du déplacement la condition sine qua non de la recherche, mais plutôt l’une des nombreuses conditions qu’un être humain peut vivre au sein des sociétés d’accueil. La poursuite de cet objectif sera plus facile si les études sur la migration forcée ne se compartimentent pas et ne se développent pas en vase clos par rapport aux autres disciplines et groupes de recherche.

The aim of this paper is to explore how a digital caregiver, developed within a Swedish interdisciplinary research project, is humanised through health-enhancing practices of personalisation and friendliness. The digital caregiver is developed for being used in older patients’ homes to enhance their health. The paper explores how the participants (researchers and user study participants) of the research project navigate through the humanisation of technology in relation to practices of personalisation and friendliness. The participants were involved in a balancing act between making the digital caregiver person-like and friend-like enough to ensure the health of the patient. Simultaneously, trying to make the patients feel like as if they were interacting with someone rather than something—while at the same time not making the digital caregiver seem like a real person or a real friend. This illustrates the participants’ discursive negotiations of the degree of humanisation the digital caregiver needs in order to promote the health of the patient. A discursive conflict was identified between a patient discourse of self-determination versus a healthcare professional discourse of authority and medical responsibility: whether the digital caregiver should follow the patient’s health-related preferences or follow the healthcare professionals’ health rules. Hence, a possible conflict between the patient and the digital caregiver might arise due to different understandings of friendliness and health; between friendliness (humanisation) as a health-enhancing practice governed by the patient or by the healthcare professionals (healthcare professionalism).

In the article, the author considers the concept of humanization in the context of managing business structures. The article focuses on the contribution of classical management scientists to the development of the concept of humanization, and also presents the points of view of various modern authors on the disclosure of the concept of humanization. It is concluded that humanization is the basis of the process of transformation of a bureaucratic organization into a human–centered organization.

The subject. The article is devoted to the problems of simultaneous harmonization between the policy of humanization of the Russian criminal law and the reduction of the crime rate in society. The institute of incomplete crime is proposed as one of the promising areas of humanization of criminal legislation. The authors analyze the norms of the Russian Criminal Code which determine the essence of an incomplete crime, as well as the specifics of imposing punishment for its commission. The subject of the research also includes the strategic provisions of the Russian legislation, which reflect the main directions of the implementation of contemporary criminal policy, its goal and objectives. The purpose of the article is to confirm or dispute hypothesis that it is inadmissible to criminalize the actions committed at the stage of preparation for the commission of an intentional crime, as well as it is admissible to mitigate the liability for attempted crime. Research methodology and techniques are represented by a number of general scientific and specific scientific methods of cognition, used primarily in humanitarian research. The establishment of regularities between the growth of crime rates and the degree of criminalization, determined in the current criminal legislation, is ensured by the use of the dialectical method of cognition. The methods of analysis and synthesis were used to compare statistical data on the state of crime in Russia and the dynamics of the number of convicts serving imprisonment. Various methods of formal logic were applied in the process of evaluating measures aimed at ensuring the humanization of modern Russian criminal legislation. The method of comparative legal research was used to study the content of the norms on responsibility for an incomplete crime. The result of the study is proof of the necessity to decriminalize actions that are currently defined as "preparation for the commission of a grave or especially grave crime." The necessity of a significant reduction in the degree of punitive criminal-legal impact on persons found guilty of an attempt to commit an intentional crime has been substantiated. Conclusions. It as expedient to partially decriminalize an incomplete crime and exclude this institution from the General Part of the Russian Criminal Code. This decision fully complies with the fundamental principles of criminal law: legality, guilt, justice, and will also ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of the modern policy of humanizing Russian criminal legislation.

Objective: to map the evidence on respectful care for parturients in hospital maternity hospitals. Introduction: The care for parturients permeates clinical, cultural, spiritual, psychological and institutional aspects, and this makes it multidimensional. In this sense, it is expected that this care is respectful and promotes maternal and fetal well-being. But how does the existing literature characterize respectful care for parturients in hospital maternity hospitals? Inclusion criteria: articles involving women who gave birth in hospital maternity hospitals; address respectful care for parturient women or use terms as equivalent to respectful, such as humanized, adequate, welcoming or sensitive; care provided in an obstetric center, in-hospital normal delivery center or delivery rooms. Methods: a preliminary search was carried out to identify descriptors or keywords for the construction of the research strategy; the search will take place in the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, APA PsyArticles, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, BASE, EMBASE, BDENF, Cochrane Library. To search for gray literature: Capes Theses Portal, Open Access Theses & Dissertations, B-ON, Cybertesis, DART-E, OATD, RCAAP. Qualitative and quantitative studies, reviews, opinion articles, editorials will be included as sources for the review. The selection of studies will be made by two independent reviewers and a third one if divergence. The selected studies will be inserted in the JBI Sumari software version 20.0 for rigorous screening and evaluation of the full text and for extraction, evidence analysis and knowledge synthesis, the MaxQda 20.0 software will be used.

Previous studies have shown that users can humanize technology when facing it (e.g., Waytz et al., 2014). This humanization occurs especially when users feel uncertain about the behavior of an intelligent system and perceive them as unpredictable. Furthermore, existing literature indicate that personality traits, such as chronic loneliness, need for cognition and the desire for control have an effect on the degree of humanization (Epley et al., 2007). Additionally, a growing research body has developed and evaluated explanations to provide transparency of intelligent systems (Mousehni et al., 2020). The goal of such explanations is to increase user understanding of the system. The explanations also intend to improve the certain perceptions of an intelligent system, such as transparency, satisfaction, predictability, and trust (Tintarev & Masthoff, 2007). Focusing on algorithmic news curation as a use case, we study whether humanization and explanations on the inner working of technology (how explanations) can lead to the same amount of perceived and objective user understanding. Are humanization and explanation therefore, two competing mechanisms for users to understand technology? Furthermore, we explore the effects of humanized explanations on (perceived and objective) user understanding and system perception.

This study seeks to establish how embodiment of symbiotic avatar that merge the self with a social archetype influences moral behavior toward artificial partners in digital settings. Participants will be asked to customize an avatar to resemble the actual self as if a hero, antihero, or antihero archetype affects moral choice and subjective emotional states, such as guilt. Participants will then engage in a video game scenario based on Stanley Milgram’s obedience to authority experiments with an ostensibly sentient or non-sentient artificial partner. Using a version of Milgram’s paradigm, moral choice will be measured as shocking or declining to give electric shocks to an artificial partner. Perceived guilt and participants’ emotional states will be examined as outcome. Ancillary processes, such as self-avatar identification, immersion (presence), and pre-existing moral foundations will be explored.

De forma a direcionar o projeto de humanização do Serviço de Medicina Intensiva Polivalente do CHVNG/E EPE com base na evidência realizou-se uma Scoping Review com o objetivo de providenciar um panorama sobre as publicações científicas mais atuais relacionadas com a temática.

La muerte causada por el no tratamiento temprano del cáncer, es uno de los problemas que afecta al mundo, es relevante hablar de los problemas psicológicos que trae consigo esta enfermedad, los espacios diseñados para el tratamiento de patologías cancerígenas son lugares en donde la mayoría de sus casos generan sensaciones de tristeza y depresión, es por esta razón que nace clínica: Lumbre. El objetivo académico de este trabajo de grado se resume en una propuesta de diseño arquitectónico dedicado a las personas que requieran el análisis y tratamiento de patologías tumorales, localizada en la capital del departamento de Córdoba, Colombia, ya que se hace evidente el déficit de infraestructura especializada en cáncer, causado en parte por diseños no aptos, no terminación de las construcciones, poca oferta de servicios especializados en cáncer, entre otras características. El proyecto se desarrolla en 2 partes, una parte urbana y una parte arquitectónica, el diseño urbano constará de una renovación del entorno inmediato del sitio de emplazamiento, el cual presentará nuevos equipamientos de apoyo, ejes verdes y espacio público optimo, con el fin de generar atmosferas atractivas en el entorno. El diseño arquitectónico de Lumbre le permite al usuario el acceso a servicios especializados, con diseños óptimos y espacios amables, los cuales contribuirán al tratamiento y a los buenos efectos psicológicos durante el proceso del tratamiento, mitigará las muertes causadas por el cáncer, y promoverá las consultas tempranas, llegando a ser un referente para la comunidad colombiana. Death caused by the early not treatment of cancer, is one of the problems that affects the world, it is relevant to talk about the psychological problems that this disease brings, the spaces designed for the treatment of carcinogenic pathologies are places where most of their cases generate feelings of sadness and depression, it is for this reason that it is born Lumbre. The academic objective of this degree work is summarized in an architectural design proposal dedicated to people who require the analysis and treatment of tumor pathologies, located in the capital of the department of Cordoba, Colombia, since it is evident that there is a deficit of specialized cancer infrastructure, caused in part by unsuitable designs, not completion of the constructions, lack of specialized cancer services, among others. The project is developed in 2 parts, an urban part and an architectural part, the urban desing shall consist of a renovation of the immediate surroundings of the site, which will present new support facilities, green axes and optimal public space, in order to generate attractive atmospheres in the environment. Lumbre's architectural design allows the user access to specialized services, with optimal designs and friendly spaces, which will contribute to treatment and good psychological effects during the treatment process, mitigate deaths caused by cancer, and promote early consultations, becoming a reference for the Colombian community. Pregrado

Objective To analyze the factors associated with the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for up to six months in mother/infant binomials cared for at a usual-risk maternity hospital. Methods The present is a descriptive, longitudinal, prospective, quantitative study. Socioeconomic, obstetric and perinatal variables from 101 mother/infant binomials in a Public Maternity Hospital in the city of Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil, were investigated during hospitalization after delivery and 6 months after birth. For the statistical analysis, the Chi-squared test was used. The variables that showed values of p < 0.25 for the Chi-squared test were also submitted to an odds ratio (OR) analysis. Results The prevalence (42.6%) of EBF was observed. Most women (93.1%) had had more than 6 prenatal consultations, and the variables maternity leave and support to breastfeeding were associated with EBF. Support to breastfeeding by professionals and family members increased 4-fold the chance of maintenance of EBF (OR = 0.232; 95% confidence intercal [95%CI]: 0.079 to 0.679; p = 0.008). Cracked nipples were the biggest obstacle to breastfeeding, and low milk production was the main responsible factor for weaning. Conclusion The encouragement of breastfeeding and the mother’s stay for a longer period with the child contributed to the maintenance of EBF until the sixth month of life of the infant. Resumo Objetivo Analisar os fatores associados à prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo (AME) até seis meses em binômios mãe/recém-nascido atendidos em uma maternidade de risco habitual. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, longitudinal, prospectivo e quantitativo. Foram investigadas variáveis socioeconômicas, obstétricas e perinatais de 101 binômios mãe/recém-nascido de uma maternidade pública em Curitiba-PR no internamento após o parto e 6 meses após o nascimento. Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado. As variáveis cujo teste do qui-quadrado tiveram valores de p < 0,25 foram testadas para análises de razão de probabilidades (RP). Resultados Observou-se a prevalência (42,6%) do AME. A maioria das mulheres (93,1%) havia realizado mais de 6 consultas de pré-natal, e as variáveis licença maternidade e apoio para amamentar estiveram associadas ao AME. O apoio para amamentar por parte do profissional e do familiar aumentou em 4 vezes a chance da permanência em AME (RP = 0,232; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%]: 0,079 a 0.679; p = 0,008). A fissura foi o maior obstáculo para a amamentação, e a baixa produção de leite, o principal responsável pelo desmame. Conclusão O incentivo ao aleitamento e a permanência da mãe por mais tempo com a criança contribuíram para a manutenção do AME até o sexto mês de vida do bebê.

In this review, we have summarized the current landscape of therapeutic antibody optimization for successful development. By engineering antibodies with display technology, computer-aided design and site mutagenesis, various properties of the therapeutic antibody candidates can be improved with the purpose of enhancing their safety, efficacy and developability. These properties include antigen binding affinity and specificity, biological efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, immunogenicity and physicochemical developability features. A best-in-class strategy may require the optimization of all these properties to generate a good therapeutic antibody.

The problem of success became relevant at the beginning of the XXI century. Everyone strives to succeed, to be confident in themselves and in the future. Success is recognized as one of the needs of the individual. Reforming modern education is designed to make it human-centered, effective, close to the practical needs of the learner. The humanization of education is impossible without creating situations of success in learning. Such situations activate a person's cognitive motivation, reveal his creative potential, make a person strong and confident. To create situations of success, teachers use a variety of methods and tools that enhance the cognitive activity of students.

En el momento menos pensado la enfermedad se apodera de la vida de las personas arrebatándoles su estabilidad física, conductual, cognitiva, social y emocional. Ante esta situación será necesaria la intervención de la profesional de los cuidados, la enfermera, quien se encargará de llevar a cabo las acciones que persigan el reequilibrio de dichas esferas. El objetivo de este ensayo no es otro que analizar la importancia de prestar unos cuidados humanizados a la sociedad, así como los aspectos que influyen en la consecución de ellos., At the least expected moment, the disease takes over people's lives, robbing them of their physical, behavioral, cognitive, social and emotional stability. In this situation, the intervention of the care professional, the nurse, who will be in charge of carrying out the actions that seek to rebalance these spheres, will be necessary. The objective of this essay is none other than to analyze the importance of providing humanized care to society, as well as the aspects that influence its achievement.

The tendency to transform the old industrial areas began in 1950-1960 last century in Europe and America. By the end of the twentieth century with the development of the world economy, the time has come when the transformation of industrial infrastructure is becoming a comprehensive phenomenon. Currently, in the economies of developed countries, forms of transformation such as global mergers, takeovers, re-equipment and re-functioning are being intensively implemented. Based on the analysis of positive foreign experience, the main directions of humanization of the urban environment are considered through the transformation of industrial facilities. The transformation of industrial facilities and their territories with a change in functionality becomes the main direction of humanization of the urban environment in the XXI century. Numerous architectural and compositional techniques are allowed to adapt any industrial facility in the dynamic infrastructure of the city.

Moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) often requires long-term management with systemic therapies.Our objective was to report the safety and efficacy of dupilumab treatment up to 4 years in adults with moderate-to-severe AD and efficacy in a subgroup of patients who transitioned from dupilumab once-weekly (qw) to administration every other week (q2w).This interim analysis of the open-label extension study (NCT01949311) evaluated dupilumab 300 mg qw or q2w in adults previously enrolled in dupilumab trials for moderate-to-severe AD. Patients switched from qw to q2w following protocol amendment. The primary outcome was safety; efficacy was also assessed.Of 2677 patients enrolled and treated, 352 (13.1%) completed week 204 (end of efficacy assessments) and 202 (7.5%) completed safety follow-up through week 244. Self-reported compliance was 98.1%. Dupilumab's safety profile was consistent with previous reports. Common treatment-emergent adverse events (≥5%) included nasopharyngitis, AD, upper respiratory tract infection, oral herpes, conjunctivitis, injection-site reaction, and headache. At week 204, mean ± standard deviation (SD) Eczema Area and Severity Index was 2.46 ± 3.98, and mean percent change from parent study baseline (PSBL) was -91.07%; mean ± SD Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale score was 2.10 ± 1.83, and mean percent change from PSBL was -68.74%. Efficacy was maintained in patients (n = 226) who transitioned from qw to q2w dosing. Limitations of this study included its open-label design, the lack of control arm, and smaller subsets of patients at later timepoints and receiving the approved q2w regimen.These results support dupilumab as continuous long-term treatment for adults with moderate-to-severe AD; efficacy was sustained following transition from qw to q2w dosing. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT01949311.Atopic dermatitis is a chronic skin disease associated with inflamed skin and intense itching. People with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis often need long-term treatment, but many available treatments do not have demonstrated long-term safety data. In multiple clinical trials, dupilumab treatment resulted in significant improvements in signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis. This study examined the safety and efficacy of up to 4 years of dupilumab treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis, and whether dupilumab continued to be effective in patients who switched from receiving treatment each week to treatment every other week. To address these questions, we collected data from adults who received 300 milligrams of dupilumab every week or every other week. In this study, safety findings were consistent with the known dupilumab safety profile. Patients' signs and symptoms were evaluated before and during treatment with evaluation tools including the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), which indicates the extent and severity of disease, and the Pruritus Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), which indicates the intensity of itching. Reductions of 91% in EASI scores and 69% in Pruritus NRS scores showed that the improvement in signs and symptoms persisted for 204 weeks (almost 4 years) of treatment, and these effects were sustained following the switch from weekly treatment to the approved every other week treatment with dupilumab. The safety and efficacy data presented here support the use of dupilumab as a continuous, long-term treatment for up to 4 years for adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Video abstract: What is the long-term safety and efficacy profile of dupilumab in adults with moderate-to-severeatopic dermatitis for up to 4 years? (MP4 102515 KB).

En Instagram, el candidato tiene la oportunidad de manejar los elementos del escenario en el que se representa para transmitir a los potenciales votantes una estudiada imagen de sí mismo. En esta investigación se analizan los elementos con los que se muestran en Instagram los cinco principales candidatos a la presidencia del gobierno español. El objetivo principal es determinar si ha existido un cambio de estrategia significativo durante el periodo electoral del 28 de abril de 2019. Para ello, a partir de la operacionalización del concepto de setting de Goffman (1956), se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa sobre una muestra total de 473 posts. Los resultados muestran un cambio de estrategia en el modo de construir el escenario en Instagram conforme se acercan las elecciones generales: los candidatos muestran un perfil más profesional y menos humanizado. In Instagram, candidates have the opportunity to manage the elements of the setting in which they are represented to show a studied image of themselves to potential voters. This research analyzes the elements with which the five main candidates for the presidency of the Spanish government are shown on Instagram. The main objective is to determine if there has been a significant change in strategy during the electoral period of April 28, 2019. For this, based on the operationalization of the concept of setting by Goffman (1956) –pertaining to this theory on the presentation of the self–, a quantitative methodology is used on a sample total of 473 posts. The results show a change in strategy in the way that candidates build the scenario of their Instagram posts as the general elections approach: the candidates show a more professional and less humanized profile.

We conceptualize reality as a system of multiple domination: capitalist, colonial (power-knowledge-existence) and heteropatriarchal. As a tool for governing behavior, social intervention is increasingly subject to technical-bureaucratic-protocolized expert knowledge, dehumanizing and labeling other non-people. Other narrative-based sources of alternative knowledge such as comics, interpreted as non-technical and subversive, are forgotten. This article is intended to show the potential of the comic as an instrument for social intervention and training of students and professionals in the social sphere. Qualitative research was carried out by selecting 140 comics, creating a movement inspired by Graphic Medicine to explore the capacity of social comics as a useful tool to humanize social intervention. Conceptualizamos la realidad como un sistema de dominación múltiple: capitalista, colonial (poder-saber-existencia) y heteropatriarcal. La intervención social como dispositivo de gobierno de conductas, se encuentra cada vez más sometida a saberes expertos técnico-burocráticos-protocolizados llegando a deshumanizar y etiquetar a las otras no personas. Se olvidan otras fuentes de conocimientos alternativos basados en la narrativa como son los cómics, interpretados como saberes profanos y subversivos. Pretendemos mostrar el potencial del cómic como instrumento de intervención social y de formación de estudiantes y profesionales de lo social. Se ha realizado una investigación cualitativa seleccionando 140 cómics, creando un movimiento inspirado en la Graphic Medicine para explorar la capacidad del cómic social como utillaje válido para humanizar la intervención social.

Исследуются основные проблемы трансформации гуманизма в современном обществе, продиктованной общей динамикой развития общества. Автор пытается осмыслить данный процесс на теоретическом уровне в рамках социальной философии. Раскрываются вопрос философского статуса и перспективы традиции гуманизма в цифровую эпоху., This article is devoted to the main problems of the transformation of humanism in modern society, which is dictated by the general dynamics of the development of society. The author of the work tries to comprehend this process at a theoretical level within the framework of social philosophy. The article reveals the issue of the philosophical status and perspectives of the tradition of humanism in the digital age.

�������� �������������� ���� ������������������ ���������� ���������������� ���������� ���������������������������������������� �������������� �������������� �������� ������������ ���� ������������ ����������������, �� �������� ���������� �� ���� ���� ������������������������ ������������������. ���������������������� ���������������� ������������������������ ������������ ������ ���������������� ���������������������� ���������� ���� ������������������ ����������. ������������������� ���� �������� ������ ������������������������ �� ������������ ������������������ ���������� ���� ���������� ��������������., The Ukraine's course to obtain a plan for a full member of the North Atlantic Alliance places new demands on the education of officers, including its humanitarian component. The importance of humanitarian education for specialists of the operational level at the present stage is reflected. Its role for military specialists in the conditions of the hybrid war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine is found out.

Исследуются вопросы административно-правового регулирования миграционных процессов России на современном этапе. Рассматриваются и анализируются главные проблемы трудового регулирования мигрантов. Предлагаются решения для устранения проблем в сфере трудовой миграции., The issues of administrative and legal regulation of migration processes in Russia at the present stage are examined. The main problems of labor regulation of migrants are analyzed. Solutions are proposed to eliminate problems in the field of labor migration.

RESUMO A educação sempre foi e permanece sendo objeto de interesse, estudos, investigações, análises e reflexões por vários agentes da sociedade, da esfera das políticas públicas a diversas áreas do saber, sobretudo das ciências humanas e sociais. Entendendo-se o ser humano e todos os fenômenos que dizem respeito a ele, aqui especificamente a educação, como inerentes à vida em sociedade e à política, a transformação da educação está ligada, talvez até subordinada, às mudanças políticas, sociais e econômicas que acontecem de época para época, de sociedade para sociedade. O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir se a educação proposta por M. Scheler tem lugar na pós-modernidade de Z. Bauman, época na qual volatilidade, descartabilidade, imediatismo e consumismo reinam soberanos, na qual as coisas só têm valor por sua utilidade. RESUMEN La educación siempre ha sido y sigue siendo objeto de interés, estudios, investigaciones, análisis y reflexiones por varios agentes de la sociedad, de la esfera de las políticas públicas a diversas áreas del saber, sobre todo, de las ciencias humanas y de las ciencias sociales. Entendiendo el ser humano y todos los fenómenos que se refieren a él, aquí específicamente la educación como un fenómeno inherente a la vida en sociedad y la política, la transformación de la educación está ligada y, quizás, subordinada a las transformaciones políticas, sociales y económicas que suceden de época para época, de sociedad a sociedad. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo discutir si la educación propuesta por M. Scheler, tiene lugar en la posmodernidad de Z. Bauman, época en la cual, volatividad, desechabilidad, inmediatismo y consumismo reinan soberanos, era en la que las cosas solo tiene valor por su utilidad. ABSTRACT Education has always been and remains the object of interest, studies, investigations, analyses and reflections by various actors of society, from the sphere of public policies to various areas of knowledge, specially the human and social sciences. Understanding the human being and all phenomena concerning it, specifically education, as inherent in life in society and politics, the transformation of education is linked to, perhaps even subordinated to, the political, social and economic changes that take place from time to time, from society to society. This article aims to discuss if education as proposed by M. Scheler has a place in the postmodernity of Z. Bauman, a time in which volatility, disposability, immediacy and consumerism reign sovereign, in which things only have value for their utility.

Freshwater ecosystems are characterized by complex and highly dynamic microbial communities that are strongly structured by their local environment and biota. Accelerating urbanization and growing city populations detrimentally alter freshwater environments. To determine differences in freshwater microbial communities associated with urbanization, full-length 16S rRNA gene PacBio sequencing was performed in a case study from surface waters and sediments from a wastewater treatment plant, urban and rural lakes in the Berlin-Brandenburg region, Northeast Germany. Water samples exhibited highly habitat specific bacterial communities with multiple genera showing clear urban signatures. We identified potentially harmful bacterial groups associated with environmental parameters specific to urban habitats such as Alistipes, Escherichia/Shigella, Rickettsia and Streptococcus. We demonstrate that urbanization alters natural microbial communities in lakes and, via simultaneous warming and eutrophication and creates favourable conditions that promote specific bacterial genera including potential pathogens. Our findings are evidence to suggest an increased potential for long-term health risk in urbanized waterbodies, at a time of rapidly expanding global urbanization. The results highlight the urgency for undertaking mitigation measures such as targeted lake restoration projects and sustainable water management efforts.

Автором характеризуются этапы становления женского образования в области моделирования одежды в России (XIX - начало XX веков). Анализируется деятельность российских учебных заведений по подготовке специалистов швейного дела. Общественная потребность в подготовке квалифицированных специалистов в этой области актуализировала задачу разработки программ обучения шитью в двух направлениях: профессиональный труд или домашняя (надомная) работа. Выявлены основные предпосылки влияния швейной промышленности на формирование модного направления изготовления одежды с национальными элементами традиционного прикладного искусства. Оценивается эстетический потенциал художественной вышивки как уникального средства украшения костюма. Представляет интерес взгляд автора на становление образования в области моделирования одежды на этапе распространения в России европейских журналов моды, заимствования зарубежного опыта работы частных ателье., The author characterizes the stages of formation of women's education in the field of clothing modeling in Russia (XIXth - early XXth centuries). The article analyzes the activities of Russian educational institutions for the training of sewing specialists.The public need to train qualified specialists in this field actualized the task of developing sewing training programs in two directions: professional work or home (home-based) work. The main prerequisites for the influence of the garment industry on the formation of a fashionable direction of clothing production withnational elements of traditional applied art are revealed. The aesthetic potential of artistic embroidery as a means of decorating a unique costume is evaluated. Of interest is the author's view on the formation of education in the field of clothing modeling at the stage of the spread of European fashion magazines in Russia, borrowing foreign experience of private ateliers.

Fundamental clinical areas such as drug delivery and regenerative medicine require biocompatible materials as mechanically stable scaffolds or as nanoscale drug carriers. Among the wide set of emerging biomaterials, polypeptides offer enticing properties over alternative polymers, including full biocompatibility, biodegradability, precise interactivity, structural stability and conformational and functional versatility, all of them tunable by conventional protein engineering. However, proteins from non-human sources elicit immunotoxicities that might bottleneck further development and narrow their clinical applicability. In this context, selecting human proteins or developing humanized protein versions as building blocks is a strict demand to design nonimmunogenic protein materials. We review here the expanding catalogue of human or humanized proteins tailored to execute different levels of scaffolding functions and how they can be engineered as self-assembling materials in form of oligomers, polymers or complex networks. In particular, we emphasize those that are under clinical development, revising their fields of applicability and how they have been adapted to offer, apart from mere mechanical support, highly refined functions and precise molecular interactions.

Introducción: Este trabajo constata la necesidad de una atención integral y humanizada en el cuidado del enfermo oncológico. Material y Método: En primer lugar, presentamos una reflexión teórica sobre cuestiones relevantes vinculadas con la humanización. Por una parte, qué es y cómo pueden implementarse intervenciones desde un enfoque humanizador, y por otra, la comunicación como herramienta clave de la relación profesional-paciente. En segundo lugar, desde una perspectiva práctica, exponemos nuestra experiencia basada en el desarrollo del Plan de Humanización que llevamos a cabo en un hospital general en la ciudad de Salamanca (España). Resultados: Presentamos las iniciativas de humanización que desarrollamos en el hospital agrupadas en tres bloques; a) el entorno hospitalario y la sala de tratamientos como espacio de salud; b) la relación con el equipo de profesionales y la comunicación con los enfermos y sus familias; c) la gestión y ocupación del tiempo en la sala de tratamiento. Conclusiones: La dificultad a la hora de establecer estándares de calidad en humanización hace complicado determinar el grado de éxito de las intervenciones y establecer conclusiones al respecto. En nuestro caso los logros vienen avalados principalmente por la satisfacción y gratitud que manifiestan pacientes y acompañantes. Introduction: This paper states the need for comprehensive and humanized care in the care of the oncological patient. Method: We present a theoretical reflection on relevant issues related to humanization: on the one hand, what it is and how interventions can be implemented from a humanizing approach, and on the other hand, communication as a key tool in the professional-patient relationship. From a practical perspective, we present our experience based on the development of the Humanization Plan we carried out at the Hospital Fundación General de la Santísima Trinidad in Salamanca (Spain). Results: We present the humanization initiatives we developed in the hospital grouped in three blocks; a) the hospital environment and the treatment room as a health space; b) the relationship with the team of professionals and communication with patients and their families; c) the management and occupation of time in the treatment room. Conclusions: The difficulty in establishing quality standards in humanization makes it difficult to determine the degree of success of the interventions and to draw conclusions in this regard. In our case, the achievements are endorsed mainly by the satisfaction and gratitude expressed by patients and companions. Introdução: Este documento afirma a necessidade de cuidados abrangentes e humanizados no cuidado do paciente oncológico. Método: Apresentamos uma reflexão teórica sobre questões relevantes relacionadas com a humanização: por um lado, o que é e como as intervenções podem ser implementadas a partir de uma abordagem humanizadora, e por outro lado, a comunicação como um instrumento chave na relação profissional-paciente. De uma perspectiva prática, apresen-tamos a nossa experiência baseada no desenvolvimento do Plano de Humanização que realizámos no Hospital Fundación General de la Santísima Trinidad em Salamanca (Espanha). Resultados: Apresentamos as iniciativas de humanização que desenvolvemos no hospital agrupadas em três blocos; a) o ambiente hospitalar e a sala de tratamento como espaço de saúde; b) a relação com a equipa de profissionais e a comunicação com os pacientes e as suas famílias; c) a gestão e ocupação do tempo na sala de tratamento. Conclusões: A dificuldade em estabelecer padrões de qualidade na humanização torna complicado determinar o grau de sucesso das intervenções e estabelecer conclusões a este respeito. No nosso caso, as realizações são endossadas principalmente pela satisfação e gratidão expressas pelos doentes e companheiros.

In Instagram, candidates have the opportunity to manage the elements of the setting in which they are represented to show a studied image of themselves to potential voters. This research analyzes the elements with which the five main candidates for the presidency of the Spanish government are shown on Instagram. The main objective is to determine if there has been a significant change in strategy during the electoral period of April 28, 2019. For this, based on the operationalization of the concept of setting by Goffman (1956)  pertaining to this theory on the presentation of the self, a quantitative methodology is used on a sample total of 473 posts. The results show a change in strategy in the way that candidates build the scenario of their Instagram posts as the general elections approach: the candidates show a more professional and less humanized profile En Instagram, el candidato tiene la oportunidad de manejar los elementos del escenario en el que se representa para transmitir a los potenciales votantes una estudiada imagen de sí mismo. En esta investigación se analizan los elementos con los que se muestran en Instagram los cinco principales candidatos a la presidencia del gobierno español. El objetivo principal es determinar si ha existido un cambio de estrategia significativo durante el periodo electoral del 28 de abril de 2019. Para ello, a partir de la operacionalización del concepto de setting de Goffman (1956), se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa sobre una muestra total de 473 posts. Los resultados muestran un cambio de estrategia en el modo de construir el escenario en Instagram conforme se acercan las elecciones generales: los candidatos muestran un perfil más profesional y menos humanizado.

Ushbu maqolada ingliz tili fanini o���rganishda ekologik ta���lim usullarining muhim omillari haqida so���z boradi. Shuningdek, ingliz tilining o���qitishda ekologik madaniyatni takomillashtirish va rivojlantirishga hamda talabalarni atrof-muhitga bo���lgan muhabbatini oshirishga qaratilgan., This article highlights the important factors of ecological education in teaching a foreign language. It also discusses improving and developing an ecological culture in English language teaching and to increase students��� love for the environment

Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UAB Fundamental clinical areas such as drug delivery and regenerative medicine require biocompatible materials as mechanically stable scaffolds or as nanoscale drug carriers. Among the wide set of emerging biomaterials, polypeptides offer enticing properties over alternative polymers, including full biocompatibility, biodegradability, precise interactivity, structural stability and conformational and functional versatility, all of them tunable by conventional protein engineering. However, proteins from non-human sources elicit immunotoxicities that might bottleneck further development and narrow their clinical applicability. In this context, selecting human proteins or developing humanized protein versions as building blocks is a strict demand to design non-immunogenic protein materials. We review here the expanding catalogue of human or humanized proteins tailored to execute different levels of scaffolding functions and how they can be engineered as self-assembling materials in form of oligomers, polymers or complex networks. In particular, we emphasize those that are under clinical development, revising their fields of applicability and how they have been adapted to offer, apart from mere mechanical support, highly refined functions and precise molecular interactions.

The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase whose proliferative effects can contribute to the development of many types of solid tumors when overexpressed. For this reason, EGFR inhibitors such as cetuximab can play an important role in treating cancers such as colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody containing mouse variable regions that bind to EGFR and prevent it from signaling. Although cetuximab has been used clinically since 2004 to successfully control solid tumors, advances in protein engineering have created the opportunity to address some of its shortcomings. In particular, the presence of mouse sequences could contribute to immunogenicity in the form of anti-cetuximab antibodies, and an occupied glycosylation site in FR3 can contribute to hypersensitivity reactions and product heterogeneity. Using simple framework graft or sequence-/structure-guided approaches, cetuximab was humanized onto 11 new frameworks. In addition to increasing humanness and removing the VH glycosylation site, dynamic light scattering revealed increases in stability, and bio-layer interferometry confirmed minimal changes in binding affinity, with patterns emerging across the humanization method. This work demonstrates the potential to improve the biophysical and clinical properties of first-generation protein therapeutics and highlights the advantages of computationally guided engineering.

Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer is today incurable. Conventional imaging methods have limited detection, affecting their ability to give an accurate outcome prognosis, and current therapies for metastatic prostate cancer are insufficient. This inevitably leads to patients relapsing with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Targeting prostate-specific antigens whose expression is closely linked to the activity in the androgen receptor pathway, and thus the pathogenesis of prostate cancer, is a possible way to increase specificity and reduce off-target effects. We have humanized and evaluated radioimmunoconjugates of a previously murine antibody, m5A10, targeting PSA intended for theranostics of hormone-refractory prostate cancer. The humanized antibody h5A10 was expressed in mammalian HEK293 cells transfected with the nucleotide sequences for the heavy and light chains of the antibody. Cell culture medium was filtered and purified by Protein G chromatography, and the buffer was changed to PBS pH 7.4 by dialysis. Murine and humanized 5A10 were conjugated with p-SCN-Bn-CHX-A”-DTPA. Surface plasmon resonance was used to characterize the binding to PSA of the immunoconjugates. Immunoconjugates were labeled with either indium-111 or lutetium-177. Biodistribution studies of murine and humanized 5A10 were performed in mice with LNCaP xenografts. 5A10 was successfully humanized, and in vivo targeting showed specific binding in xenografts. The results thus give an excellent platform for further theranostic development of humanized 5A10 for clinical applications.

Can business humanize its stakeholders? And if so, how does this relate to moral consideration for stakeholders? In this paper we compare two business orientations that are relevant for current business theory and practice: a stakeholder orientation and a profit orientation. We empirically investigate the causal relationships between business orientation, humanization, and moral consideration. We report the results of six experiments, making use of different operationalizations of a stakeholder and profit orientation, different stakeholders (employees, suppliers, labor unions), and different participant samples. Our findings support the prediction that individual stakeholders observing a stakeholder-oriented firm see the firm’s other stakeholders as more human than individual stakeholders observing a profit-oriented firm. This humanization, in turn, increases individual stakeholders’ moral consideration for the firm’s other stakeholders. Our findings underscore the importance of humanization for stakeholders’ moral consideration for each other. This paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the firm as a moral community of stakeholders. Specifically, we move away from a focus on managers, and how they can make business more moral. Instead we direct attention to (other) stakeholders, and how business can make these stakeholders more moral.

BACKGROUND: Dupilumab blocks the shared receptor component for IL-4 and IL-13, key drivers of type 2 inflammation, including IgE-mediated allergic inflammation in asthma. In the LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST (NCT02414854) study, dupilumab reduced severe asthma exacerbations and improved forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma with greater efficacy observed in patients with elevated type 2 inflammatory biomarkers (blood eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide) at baseline. OBJECTIVE: We assessed dupilumab's effect on key asthma outcomes in QUEST patients with/without evidence of allergic patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma with greater efficacy observed in patients with elevated type 2 inflammatory biomarkers (blood eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide) at baseline. OBJECTIVE: We assessed dupilumab's effect on key asthma outcomes in QUEST patients with/without evidence of allergic asthma (total serum IgE >= 30 IU/mL and >= 1 perennial aeroallergen-specific IgE >= 0.35 kU/L at baseline). METHODS: Severe exacerbation rates and change from baseline in FEV1, asthma control, and markers of type 2 inflammation during the 52-week treatment period were assessed. RESULTS: In the allergic asthma subgroup (n = 1083), dupilumab 200/300 mg every 2 weeks versus placebo reduced severe asthma exacerbation rates (-36.9%/-45.5%; both P < .01), improved FEV1 at week 12 (0.13 L/0.16 L; both P < .001; improvements were evident by the first evaluation at week 2) with greater efficacy observed in patients with elevated type 2 inflammatory biomarkers at baseline, and improved asthma control. Dupilumab treatment also resulted in rapid and sustained reductions in type 2 inflammatory biomarkers. Comparable results were observed in patients without evidence of allergic asthma (n = 819). CONCLUSION: Dupilumab reduced severe exacerbation rates, improved FEV1 and asthma control, and suppressed type 2 inflammatory biomarkers in patients with uncontrolled, moderate-to-severe asthma with or without evidence of allergic asthma, highlighting the key role of IL-4 and IL-13 in airway inflammation. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology

In various epochs, science fiction writers shared an interest in problems related to the humanization of an artificial body and the process of human interaction with a man’s own creation. In the 20th century Italian literature, in particular, this theme emerged already at the dawn of the century (e.g. а futuristic novel by F.T. Marinetti) and was present up until the beginning of the current “age of artificial intelligence.” Fantastic plots of several short stories and novellas by D. Buzzati and T. Landolfi, written in the 1950s and 60s, depicted ambivalent perception of the technogenic civilization and its novelties by the modern cultural consciousness. On the one hand, these works reflected the turning of the machine into an indispensable attribute of the social status of the modern human, the guarant of her private life success and mental health. On the other hand, in science fiction, there is a clear tendency to dramatize the problems and difficulties that the technological age set for a human — in particular, the problem of preserving the privilege of the human consciousness over the increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence of the machine.

The purpose of this publication is to considering the relationship between humanization and civilizing process, informing by Elias’s and Foucault’s studies. Theoretical basis of this research is founded on comparative analysis, phenomenological approach and generalization. Originality of this exploration is to the discovering of the similarities and also differences in Elias’s and Foucault’s viewpoints on civilizing process in the context of clarifying the basic meanings of humanization. Conclusions. As we believe one can point to some similarity in anthropological and sociocultural views of Elias and Foucault. First and foremost, both of them supported the thesis about of mutability of so-called human nature, that is, its conditionality by structural social changes. Secondly, Elias and Foucault are confident in that the history of cultures (“civilizations”) is to the history of institutional struggle against human impulses and drives with a goal of their “modeling” in accordance with conventional social imperatives. Not only Elias, but also Foucault’s post-structuralism call under question the civilizational interpretation of culture as such, that is any attempt to perspective on culture as a product exclusively of certain religious ideals and tradition. Elias proved convincingly that culture also depends on real social landscape, essential transformation of that does impact on essential transformation entire value system. And finally, within framework of these studies, the cultures are considered from point of view the degree of their civilizing in the sense of “humanizing”, that is defined by them, first of all, as a long process of rationalization of behavioral patterns in terms of the strengthen of affective control and self-constraint, and also as cultivating a specific aversion to the pain in its both physiological and moral meanings. In other words, the attitude of society and its culture to violence is the most significant marker of the level of its civilization, hence its humanization.

Antibody engineering of non-human antibodies has focused on reducing immunogenicity by humanization, being a major limitation in developing monoclonal antibodies. We analyzed four series of antibody binding fragments (Fabs) and a variable fragment (Fv) with structural information in different stages of humanization to investigate the influence of the framework, point mutations and specificity on the complementarity determining region (CDR)-H3 loop dynamics. We also studied a Fv without structural information of the anti-idiotypic antibody Ab2/3H6, because it completely lost its binding affinity upon superhumanization, as an example of a failed humanization. Enhanced sampling techniques in combination with molecular dynamics simulations allow to access micro- to milli-second timescales of the CDR-H3 loop dynamics and reveal kinetic and thermodynamic changes involved in the process of humanization. In most cases, we observe a reduced conformational diversity of the CDR-H3 loop when grafted on a human framework and find a conformational shift of the dominant CDR-H3 loop conformation in solution. A shallow side minimum of the conformational CDR-H3 loop ensemble attached to the murine framework becomes the dominant conformation in solution influenced by the human framework. Additionally, we observe in the case of the failed humanization that the potentially binding competent murine CDR-H3 loop ensemble in solution shows nearly no kinetical or structural overlap with the superhumanized variant, thus explaining the loss of binding.

Committed literature is the term used by Antonio Candido to denominate literary art committed to facing problems and social inequities. Thus, guided by the teachings of the professor from São Paulo University and literary critic on the dialectics of form and content, we carried out in this article a study on the commited literature and its potential to promote the humanization and transformation of man and society. Finally, we analyze the poems "International Congress of Fear" and "The Fear" of Carlos Drummond de Andrade and the tale "Tio André" by Bernardo Kucinski in order to reflect about the figuration of the birth and rebirth of fear in their works and life. Literatura empenhada é o termo utilizado por Antonio Candido para denominar a arte literária comprometida com o enfrentamento dos problemas e das iniquidades sociais. Assim, guiados pelos ensinamentos do professor e crítico literário uspiano sobre a dialética de forma e conteúdo, realizamos neste artigo um estudo sobre a literatura empenhada e sua potencialidade de promover a humanização e a transformação do homem e da sociedade. Analisamos, por fim, as poesias “Congresso Internacional do Medo” e “O medo”, de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, e o conto “Tio André”, de Bernardo Kucinski, com a finalidade de refletir sobre a figuração do nascimento e renascimento do medo nas obras e na vida.

O presente artigo buscou refletir sobre a literatura e seu caráter humanizador no contexto da sociedade, fazendo uma abordagem usando o pensamento do crítico Antônio Candido acerca da relação entre literatura e sociedade, considerando que o homem vive mergulhado nos conflitos da vida cotidiana. O aporte teórico se centrou nas contribuições de Antônio Candido dentre outros teóricos que compartilham desse pensamento. Por fim, nessa perspectiva, verificou-se o papel social e o caráter emancipatório e reflexivo da literatura, contribuindo de maneira eficaz como objeto de humanização do homem que entra em contato com essa estética literária. This present paper sought to reflect upon literature and its humanizing character in the context of society, making an approach using critic Antonio Candido’s thought the relation between literature and society, taking into account that man lives immersed in everyday life’s conflicts. The theoretical input focused on Antonio Candido’s contributions, among other theorists who share that thought. Lastly, under that perspective, we verified the social role and the reflective and emancipatory character of literature, contributing in an effective way as an object of humanization of the man who gets in touch with that literary aesthetic.

The aim of this review was to examine the pros and cons of humanizing social robots following a psychological perspective. As such, we had six goals. First, we defined what social robots are. Second, we clarified the meaning of humanizing social robots. Third, we presented the theoretical backgrounds for promoting humanization. Fourth, we conducted a review of empirical results of the positive effects and the negative effects of humanization on human–robot interaction (HRI). Fifth, we presented some of the political and ethical problems raised by the humanization of social robots. Lastly, we discussed the overall effects of the humanization of robots in HRI and suggested new avenues of research and development. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

O trabalho do profissional de enfermagem, tem se mostrado cada vez mais intenso sendo marcado por desgaste físico e psíquico. Com isso, vale ressaltar que esses profissionais merecem uma atenção voltada para a sua qualidade de saúde. A partir dessa perspectiva, surge a Política Nacional de Humanização como ferramenta modificadora da gestão, das condições de trabalho e da qualidade do cuidado ofertado ao usuário de saúde. Diante disso, o estudo tem como objetivo identificar o entendimento da equipe de enfermagem sobre a Política Nacional de Humanização e como se dá o trabalho da equipe de enfermagem em âmbito hospitalar após a implementação da Política Nacional de Humanização. O estudo é uma pesquisa descritiva-exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com a equipe de enfermagem nas unidades de Pronto Socorro Adulto e Pronto Socorro Infantil em um Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro, no Triângulo Mineiro. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à técnica de análise de conteúdo/modalidade temática. Como resultado, constatou-se que os profissionais possuem o conhecimento básico da Política Nacional de Humanização, voltando o olhar somente para o paciente e que as mudanças no ambiente de trabalho foram positivas. Logo, concluiu-se que são necessárias estratégias que levem o conhecimento em sua totalidade, a esses profissionais, através de cursos de capacitação e atualização. The work of the nursing professional has been increasingly intense and marked by physical and psychic exhaustion. With this, it is worth mentioning that these professionals deserve attention focused on their quality of health. From this perspective, the National Humanization Policy emerges as a tool modifying the management, working conditions and quality of care offered to health users. Therefore, this study aims to identify the nursing team's understanding of the National Humanization Policy and how the nursing team works in hospitals after the implementation of the National Humanization Policy. The study is a descriptive-exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, carried out with the nursing team in the Adult Emergency Room and Child Emergency Room units in a Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, in the Triangulo Mineiro. The data collected were submitted to the content analysis technique / thematic mode. As a result, it was found that professionals have basic knowledge of the National Humanization Policy, looking only at the patient and that the changes in the work environment were positive. Therefore, it was concluded that strategies are needed to bring the knowledge in its entirety to these professionals, through training and refresher courses. El trabajo del profesional de enfermería ha sido cada vez más intenso y marcado por el agotamiento físico y psíquico. Con esto, vale la pena mencionar que estos profesionales merecen una atención enfocada en su calidad de salud. Desde esta perspectiva, la Política Nacional de Humanización surge como una herramienta que modifica la gestión, las condiciones de trabajo y la calidad de la atención que se ofrece a los usuarios de la salud. Teniendo en cuenta esto, el estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la comprensión del equipo de enfermería sobre la Política Nacional de Humanización y cómo ocurre el trabajo del equipo de enfermería en los hospitales después de la implementación de la Política Nacional de Humanización. El estudio es una investigación descriptiva-exploratoria con enfoque cualitativo, realizada con el personal de enfermería de las unidades de Urgencias de Adultos y Urgencias de Niños de un Hospital Clínico de la Universidad Federal de Triángulo Mineiro, en el Triángulo Mineiro. Los datos recogidos fueron sometidos a la técnica de análisis de contenido / modalidad temática. Por lo tanto, se encontró que los profesionales tienen un conocimiento básico de la Política Nacional de Humanización, centrándose sólo en el paciente y que los cambios en el ambiente de trabajo fueron positivos. Por lo tanto, se concluyó que se necesitan estrategias para llevar el conocimiento en su totalidad a estos profesionales, a través de cursos de formación y actualización.

O avanço da tecnologia proporcionou melhores condições de tratamento para pacientes graves, porém contribuiu para a mecanização do cuidado. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as barreiras enfrentadas pela equipe de enfermagem para a implantação da humanização nas UTIs. Trata-se de um estudo do tipo retrospectivo, descritivo e revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa com busca nas bases de dados eletrônicos LILACS, Pubmed e SciELO. Foram utilizados artigos científicos publicados em língua portuguesa e inglesa, a partir de 2015 que continham o tema descrito. Identificou-se que a desumanização do cuidado é muito presente entre os profissionais da saúde pois existem vários fatores que impedem a execução de uma boa assistência. Como principais fatores foram encontrados a mecanização do cuidado, a dissociação da família, condições de trabalho, implantação do modelo biomédico e dificuldade nas relações interpessoais. A gestão e os usuários também são inclusos na atenção da política de humanização, pois são indispensáveis suas participações nessa mudança. A implementação da PNH se faz necessária a fim da transformação da teoria em prática. The advancement of technology has provided better treatment conditions for critically ill patients, but has contributed to the mechanization of care. The objective of this work is to identify the barriers faced by the nursing team for the implementation of humanization in the ICUs. This is a retrospective, descriptive study and a narrative literature review with a search in LILACS, Pubmed and SciELO electronic databases. Scientific articles published in Portuguese and English, from 2015 onwards that contained the described theme were used. It was identified that the dehumanization of care is very present among health professionals because there are several factors that prevent the execution of good care. Mechanization of care, family dissociation, working conditions, implantation of the biomedical model and difficulty in interpersonal relationships were found as main factors. Management and users are also included in the attention of the humanization policy, as their participation in this change is essential. The implementation of the PNH is necessary in order to transform theory into practice. El avance de la tecnología ha proporcionado mejores condiciones de tratamiento para los pacientes críticos, pero ha contribuido a la mecanización de la atención. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar las barreras enfrentadas por el equipo de enfermería para la implementación de la humanización en las UTI. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo y revisión narrativa de la literatura con búsqueda en las bases de datos electrónicas LILACS, Pubmed y SciELO. Se utilizaron artículos científicos publicados en portugués e inglés, a partir de 2015 que contenían el tema descrito. Se identificó que la deshumanización del cuidado está muy presente entre los profesionales de la salud debido a que existen varios factores que impiden la ejecución de un buen cuidado. Se encontraron como factores principales la mecanización del cuidado, la disociación familiar, las condiciones de trabajo, la implantación del modelo biomédico y la dificultad en las relaciones interpersonales. La dirección y los usuarios también están incluidos en la atención de la política de humanización, ya que su participación en este cambio es fundamental. La implementación de la HPN es necesaria para transformar la teoría en práctica.

Orientador: Everardo Duarte Nunes Tese (doutorado) ¿ Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Resumo: Josué de Castro é um autor controverso no debate intelectual brasileiro, oscilando entre o reconhecimento de sua participação na construção de instituições científicas e políticas para formulações e ações de combate à fome e o "esquecimento" de seu legado intelectual como intérprete da realidade social brasileira nos debates acadêmicos. Entretanto, este "esquecimento" acadêmico vem sendo reelaborado nos diversos campos científicos pelos "militantes" e estudiosos de seu pensamento. São grupos de pesquisadores que dedicam seu tempo estudando a vida e/ou obra de nosso autor. Grosso modo, estes estudos dividem-se em dois grupos: os estudos memorialistas, que abordam a trajetória de vida de Castro, numa tentativa de resgate de sua obra, ressaltando o silêncio em torno da sua importância científica no Brasil; e os estudos relacionados ao pensamento social em saúde, que reconhece o legado do autor e não o considera como um autor esquecido, enfatizando que sua obra alcançou repercussão tanto no cenário nacional quanto no internacional, contribuindo para a institucionalização científica e política da nutrição no país e das políticas sociais. Sendo assim, apresentam-no como intérprete do pensamento social em saúde no Brasil, da geração de 1940-1960, defendendo que o núcleo discursivo de politização da fome, do posicionamento de ação social e pragmática de Josué de Castro contribuiu para melhor compreensão do processo de reconstrução nacional. De fato, os grandes temas de seus estudos, o problema da fome e o da subalimentação, condensados na trilogia: Geografia da Fome (1946), Geopolítica da Fome (1951) e o Livro Negro da Fome (1960) entram na agenda política do país a partir das discussões fomentadas nesses escritos. Tanto é assim que sua trajetória intelectual se confunde com os marcos norteadores da Política de Segurança Alimentar no Brasil. Praticamente a trajetória intelectual e política de Castro andaram juntas. De um lado, na coordenação de grupos de estudos, aulas, publicações, estudos de laboratório, pesquisas e análise sobre a situação alimentar da população brasileira que foram produzidos desde 1930, e na criação do curso de nutrição no início dos anos 1940. De outro lado, na elaboração de planos, programas, avaliação, participações em comissões e em cargos políticos voltados para a Segurança Alimentar. Partimos do pressuposto de que seu legado possui a lucidez de explicar as questões sócio-políticas acerca da nossa modernidade, em torno do debate sobre a nossa desigualdade social. Suas discussões indicavam que as nossas instituições sociais deveriam mudar, orientadas para maior inclusão social, mas as instituições foram na contramão desse projeto. Obviamente, como o retrato de nossa realidade social nos mostra, foi uma luta quase que solitária, poucos autores ousaram com tanto afinco a intervir nessa realidade, na sua empreitada de reconstruir um projeto de desenvolvimento baseado numa economia humanizada. Castro acreditava que essa reconstrução poderia esclarecer a gênese, a produção e reprodução social dos miseráveis e excluídos. Talvez o fracasso relativo de sua tentativa nos ajude a continuar a perseverar no seu esforço de captar a especificidade de nossa sociedade e na construção de "alternativas" de uma sociedade humanamente equitativa Abstract: Josué de Castro is a controversial author in the Brazilian intellectual debate, floating between the recognition of his participation in the construction of scientific and political institutions for the formulations and actions towards politics to combat hunger and the "oblivion" of his intellectual legacy as an interpreter of Brazilian social reality in academic debates. However, this academic "oblivion" has been re-formulated in various scientific fields by "militants" and scholars of his thought. They are groups of researchers that dedicate their time to study the life and/or work of our author. Roughly, these studies are divided into two groups: the memoir studies that addresses Castro¿s life trajectory in an attempt to rescue his work, pointing out the silence around its scientific importance in Brazil; and the studies related to social thinking in health, that recognizes the legacy of the author and do not consider him forgotten, emphasizing that his work reached repercussions both on national and international scene, contributing to nutrition¿s politic and scientific institutionalization in the country, together with social policies. Therefore, Josué de Castro is presented as an interpreter of the social thinking in health in Brazil, from the 1940-1960 generation, defending that his main argument centered on the politicization of hunger, as well as the social action and pragmatic positioning, contributed to a better understanding of the process of national reconstruction. Indeed, the great themes of his study, such as the problem of hunger and malnutrition are condensed in the trilogy: The Geography of Hunger (1946), The Geopolitics of Hunger (1951) and The Black Book of Hunger (1960) enter the country¿s political agenda as from discussions encouraged in these writings. What emphasizes this is that his intellectual trajectory is confused with the guiding landmarks of the Food Security Policy in Brazil. Castro¿s intellectual trajectory and politics virtually walked side by side. On the one hand, the author was coordinating study groups, giving lectures, making publications, working on laboratory studies, research and analysis on the food situation of the Brazilian population, produced since 1930, as well as creating the course of nutrition in the early 1940s. On the other hand, he was preparing plans, programs, evaluations, as well as participating in committees and political offices focused on Food Safety. We assume that his legacy has the lucidity to explain the socio-political issues about our modernity, in the debate regarding our social inequality. His discussions indicated that our social solutions should change, guided towards a higher social inclusion, but the institutions went on the opposite direction of this project. Evidently, as the picture of our social reality shows us, it was almost a lonely fight, as few authors have dared so hard to intervene in this reality, in its endeavor to rebuild a development project based on a humanized economy. Castro believed that this reconstruction could clarify the social genesis, production and reproduction of the poor and excluded. Perhaps the relative failure of his attempt helps us to continue persisting his efforts to capture the specificity of our society and the construction of "alternatives" to a humanly equitable society Doutorado Ciências Sociais em Saúde Doutora em Saúde Coletiva CAPES 01P-04349/2015