Search

Piracy is commonly believed to be detrimental to legal suppliers, so strong enforcement against piracy is expected. However, in practice, some companies do not deter piracy actively which seems counterintuitive. To explore the rationale behind the uncommon phenomenon, this paper explores the piracy issue from the entry deterrence perspective. In particular, we study an incumbent’s entry deterrence strategy using piracy when facing a potential entrant who offers similar products in the market. The incumbent decides whether to deter the piracy, and the entrant chooses whether to enter the market by anticipating the competition in the potential market and the entry cost. By analyzing the strategies of both the incumbent and the entrant, we find that deterring piracy is not always a good strategy since piracy could be used as a deterring strategy on the entrant, which explains the practices in many companies. Specifically, we find that when the entry cost is moderate, the incumbent accommodates piracy when the entrant is more of a threat, and piracy serves as a partner of the incumbent to prevent the entry of a powerful entrant. This conclusion also holds when considering the entry deterrence cost, network effect and the entrant is a high end substitute.

Cybersecurity is an established business sector with numerous global public companies employing hundreds of thousands of professionals. Although the range of services offered continues to change and expand, experienced security executives understand the types of technologies they will need to develop and retain. In contrast, the privacy technology sector is still maturing. While many privacy tools and services are well developed and numerous businesses have gained traction by solving privacy problems, companies’ needs for privacy technology to help manage and utilize data continue to evolve rapidly. Based on a report by the Future of Privacy Forum and the Privacy Tech Alliance, this article reviews developments in the privacy technology sector and charts the services provided as companies mature. The report draws on dozens of hours of interviews with buyers and sellers as well as conversations with leading privacy tech experts and a survey sent to privacy technology companies.

Цель: статья посвящена вопросу модернизации курьерской службы путем разработки и внедрения регламентирующей методики распределения онлайн-заказов и разработке специальной системы поддержки принятия решений (СППР) для автоматизации этого процесса. Обсуждение: проанализировав рынок программных продуктов для автоматизации курьерской службы, авторами выявлен ряд их недостатков, среди которых можно выделить отсутствие вариантов выбора вида транспорта курьера при расчете его маршрута движения, а также отсутствие возможности настраивать рабочий график курьера с учетом его предпочтений. Указанные недостатки не позволяют гибко и эффективно организовать работу курьерской службы. Результаты: авторами предложены регламентирующая методика распределения онлайн-заказов по курьерам с учетом указанных выше недостатков, а также разработана архитектура СППР для ее автоматизации. Результаты апробации подтвердили возможность широкого практического использования разработанных методики и СППР.

This paper highlights the influence of knowledge on the customer relationship as the fourth core component of the CRM components which are technology, people and business processes. The fourth component emerges as a result of the advancement in technology, telecommunications, and the excess in customer information in the era of information. Moreover, this paper highlights the new fifth type of CRM namely “Showroom CRM”. Besides, the other CRM types are strategic CRM, Operational CRM, Analytical CRM and Collaborative CRM. The fifth type is a comprehensive business framework which includes the structure of the other types of CRM. Moreover, the researcher surveyed the web and listed a 250 CRM system packages and programs available in the software market. The summary and classification of the 250 CRM system is given in table (1) of appendix A of the study.

Since the education sector is associated with highly dynamic business environments which are controlled and maintained by information systems, recent technological advancements and the increasing pace of adopting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies constitute a need to identify and analyze the issues regarding their implementation in education sector. However, a study of the contemporary literature reveled that relatively little research has been undertaken in this area. To fill this void, we have identified the benefits and challenges of implementing artificial intelligence in the education sector, preceded by a short discussion on the concepts of AI and its evolution over time. Moreover, we have also reviewed modern AI technologies for learners and educators, currently available on the software market, evaluating their usefulness. Last but not least, we have developed a strategy implementation model, described by a five-stage, generic process, along with the corresponding configuration guide. To verify and validate their design, we separately developed three implementation strategies for three different higher education organizations. We believe that the obtained results will contribute to better understanding the specificities of AI systems, services and tools, and afterwards pave a smooth way in their implementation.

To adapt to the 4.0 era of industry, all kinds of enterprises must use digital means to accelerate product development and improve the efficiency of development and production. All of these require enterprises to have the complete digitizing ability, which is based on Digital Twin. To build a scientific, rational, professional, and accurate digital twin structure, the most critical technology is the industrial simulation software. By analyzing the key technologies of the popular digital twin concept, this paper points out the shortcomings of the domestic software market compared with foreign countries, and on this basis, analyses the relationship between building a perfect software eco-chain and the application of Digital Twin technology, and concludes that it is very important for China’s industrial development to build a technology-based software industry ecological chain.

In modern society, smart phone is one of the most important things for people. A number of companies which produce software for smart phones definitely acquire huge profits. In recent years, TikTok has become one of the most popular and potential app in software market. This success is not only dependent on the trend of big data era, but also closely related to TikTok’s own operation. In this paper, the author discusses three main parts, including the reason why TikTok is attractive, the approaches how TikTok can build an effectively short video recommendation, and how TikTok makes money. The reasons behind TikTok’s rapid rise are analyzed and some benefits that TikTok brings to society and other businesses are revealed.

Digital goods, such as software, are significant elements of the contemporary digital economy. The authors propose a model that characterizes dynamic profit-maximizing competitive pricing strategies of digital goods with network effects. In a two-period game theory model, an incumbent firm has a quality advantage in period 1, but the potential disrupter has a quality advantage in period 2. They analyze pricing strategies and characterize conditions under which the potential disrupter becomes an actual disrupter. They discuss implications for user adoption of digital goods and opportunities for future research.

The increase of consumption is an important motivation for the reuse of either physical or virtual products. As the software market has risen, software reuse has become a practice with favourable effects for software development companies and their clients. The most important benefits are increased productivity, reduced costs, better and easier maintenance, decreased development lead times and the improved quality of software products. Successful reuse depends on several technical and non-technical factors. The ecological impact of software is an important non-technical factor of software reuse that needs to be analysed in the context of the rapid evolution of optimization techniques. The main goal of this study is to identify ecological perspectives on software reuse. These will complete the framework of software reuse together with other technical factors, such as compatibility, and non-technical factors, such as economic and ethical implications.

The article investigates the Ukrainian segment of the software market for reporting. We have performed the analysis of the most popular programs («Art-Zvit Plus», «М.E.Doc», «Sonata», «iFin», «1C:Zvit», «SOTA», «TAXER», «EDVZ») and describe their functional possibilities so as compare them. This allowed us to determine the software products that best meet the needs of users in relation to the formation and reporting. The purpose of the study is the analysis of software for the reporting, identifying their main advantages and disadvantages. The influence of cloud-technologies on the organization of accounting, specifically organization of reporting is revealed. Prospects for further research in this direction are the choices of software for report preparation and reporting.

The implementation of sanctions to a producer, a number of franchisers, dealers and distributers of the most popular programme product called «1С: Accounting» caused the problem of software choice for conducting accounting for a great number of entities. The aim of the article is to analyze the possibilities of programme products (for conducting accounting) presented at the Ukrainian market, to determine the possibilities of their use when providing services on accounting outsourcing. The article deals with the Ukrainian segment of software market for conducting accounting. The paper analyzes the most popular programmes («1С: Accounting for Ukraine»; «Sail-Accounting»; «Clerk»; «SAP»; «IT-Enterprise: Accounting»; «ІС-PRO»), describes their functional possibilities, and compares them. This allowed to determine the possibilities of application of above-mentioned programme products while providing the accounting outsourcing services. The paper describes the peculiarities and substantiates the safety against cyber-attacks of using «cloud» services for conducting accounting, in particular, in the course of outsourcing of the present process at the enterprise. The prospects for the further study in the current direction is to determine the peculiarities of accounting representation of the software, which is provided under the terms of «cloud» technologies.

The present paper outlines e-learning from the perspective of the advantages and disadvantages of this education system. At the same time, the limitations of e-learning are presented. The study is carried out taking into account several aspects, including: the need for educational software in the world, in general, and in Romania, in particular; the types of existing educational software: websites, encyclopedias, e-books, etc.; the software market. In the end, there are some conclusions about e-learning.

We discuss the software patent should be granted or not. There exist two types of coping in the software market; reverse engineering and software duplication. Software patent can prevent both types of copies since a patent protects an invention. If the software is not protected by a patent, software producer cannot prevent reverse engineering. However, the producer can prevent the software duplication by a copyright. It is not clear the software patent is socially desirable when we consider these two types of coping. We obtain the following results. First, the number of copy users under the patent protection is greater than that under the copyright protection. Second, the government can increase social welfare by applying copyright protection when the new technology is sufficiently innovative.

The article analyses the main features of the intellectual activity results market through the lens of the product boundaries definition. Frequently the pirated copy is not considered as a substitute for original products in legal cases. However, unlicensed computer programs should be included in the product market boundaries regardless of its legal status if the consumer considers them as substitutes. The difference between these types of products (original and pirated) are hidden not in transformation but in transaction characteristics. It is also important to take into consideration the possible complementarity between pirated and original products expressed in the information and network effects. In order to assess the buyers’ choice it is necessary to adjust the methods evaluating product market boundaries prescribed by «The Procedure of market competition analysis» of the Russia’s Federal Antimonopoly Service.

Kakao is a fast growing software company focused on providing innovative smartphone applications. The company is rooted in the Korean mobile communication market where customer demands for high speed connectivity have been growing sharply. Kakao maintains the top position in the category of mobile communication utility tool for the last three years and competes successfully with other new comers. However, the company faces tremendous external threat from traditional smartphone carriers, SK Telecom, KT and LG U+. Those telecommunication conglomerates view the rapid growth of Kakao as a dangerous possibility that may deprive them of revenue streams from their traditional cash cows of texting and voice calling. Moreover, traditional software champions, Naver and Daum, steadily expand their market shares by differentiating themselves. Those competitors have strong brand assets, innovation capabilities and market sensitivity. After three years in the mobile software market, Kakao faces constraints to its growth potential. Kakao tries to overcome the situation by positioning itself as a new mobile platform leader that connects potential customers and game publishers. In addition, the company wants to speed up innovation for sustaining its reputation through a financial transfusion from external investors. Instead of choosing an easier option of being merged or acquired, the company clearly sets its course to fight against external challenges. How can Kakao overcome the difficulty and sustain growth? What kind of strategic choices can be executable?

The scientific sphere of retail sales using automated technical systems named vending machines is considered. The main problems of automation of quality management in such systems are researched. The description of the existing methods of automation of quality management is given. Possible scenarios for the development of automation systems are proposed. Recommendations for the automation of sales quality management through vending machines were formed. The assessment of state of devices and software market for vending companies is conducted. The main prospects of automation of quality management in the field of retail sales with using vending machines are defined.

Many national and regional governments and various trade associations have created and are currently developing services that aim to provide support for firms that have just begun to or which plan to operate in international markets. Consequently, the purpose of this chapter is to illustrate the role of various support services especially in the case of software small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) aiming to expand internationally and accelerate their international growth. In the empirical part of the chapter, the authors review the key support organisations Finland has for its software industry. Through a descriptive empirical survey (n = 25) of the industry, we illustrate the role of various support services that are especially targeted at firms aiming to accelerate their international growth, irrespective of the phase of internationalisation. Furthermore, the authors study the use, quality and effectiveness of the internationalisation of support services from the viewpoint of managers of Finnish software SMEs. Based on our results, it is easy and logical to argue that better targeted programmes should be developed for rapidly internationalising firms in the turbulent software market. However, there are already a few innovative and better targeted programmes being offered to Finnish software firms. According to our study, in the later phases of internationalisation, the key to success is more closely linked to the availability of external funding as well as knowledge and contacts provided by international consultants.

Firms use social media marketing to promote products and collect consumer feedback for the product development process. Their practice of investing in retailer-hosted Word-of-Mouth (internal WOM) is supported by a positive feedback mechanism between internal WOM and retail sales. Internal WOM is a sales influencer: consumers can get informed about a product by a large volume of internal WOM. It is also a sales outcome: greater past sales lead to more WOM. Beyond internal WOM, consumers are shown to search widely for product information on third-party websites. Consequently, many firms also start to invest in content on third-party websites. However, little is known regarding the interplay between internal WOM and the contents of third-party websites, which have both been invested in by firms in recent years. In the context of the online software market, this study examines how WOM hosted by third-party websites (external WOM) and third-party free sampling influence the feedback mechanism between internal WOM and retail sales. Using data from Download.com and Amazon.com , we analyze the impact via a simultaneous equation model in a Bayesian hierarchical framework. We find that external WOM and third-party free sampling moderate the sales-outcome role of internal WOM in different ways. Receiving external user reviews amplifies the impact of past sales on volume of internal WOM; whereas third-party free sampling weakens the impact of past sales on internal WOM. Moreover, this impact of external WOM and third-party free sampling on the sales-outcome role of internal WOM is much more significant than their impact on the sales-influencer role of internal WOM.

Software producers may choose to deliver products through a community of external institutions or individuals rather than paid employees. In the model, a computer game producer with a developed “game 1” may [a] sell game 1 allowing modifications (i.e., an external community develops game 2 based on game 1), [b] develop game 2 internally and sell it separately, or [c] develop game 2 internally and sell it as an optional addon to game 1. The firm’s profit and social welfare under each option is explored. An app-storelike market structure (in which the community is allowed to sell game 2) is also considered.

The article presents technical solutions for the design of automated information systems that allow automating the management of municipal programs. Description of technical solutions is the content of the approach to the design of software equipment used in making managerial decisions by the municipal management authorities in the Russian Federation. A set of technical solutions can be used to prepare a technical task for the development of the system, and as a rationale in describing the characteristics of the system, analyzing and comparing the products of the software market.

This paper outlines a recommended methodology for selecting business software applications for any size of enterprise. Given the number of options available for business applications in the software market for a functional area (e.g. human resources, finance, operations), a structured technique for assessing features against the enterprise's custom requirements is clearly necessary. A weighted requirements assessment against the features of the software makes sense, but runs into difficulty when attempting to compare cost of ownership between applications. An algorithm is presented in this paper to compare the applications both in features and in total cost of ownership which will result in a single quantitative measure that can be compared across the business application options. An implementation of this methodology by the author can be found at http://espanalytics.com.

This study aims to address an important but largely unexplored question of whether loyalty and attachment, which are increasingly relevant to the changing software market, add value as a construct to information systems (IS) use researchers compared with satisfaction. Building on prior work on the three constructs (i.e. satisfaction, loyalty and attachment) in both marketing and IS use research, this study makes two key contributions. First, this study conceptually differentiates the three constructs by articulating their distinct properties. Second, based on the conceptual differences identified, this study finds that the three constructs have a differential impact on contributory behaviours with varying levels of behavioural difficulty. The results of the study also offer other important managerial and further research implications.

Today, industrial enterprises are increasingly facing the need to achieve shorter lifecycles for their products, which at the same time are getting more and more complex. One approach to face this challenge is to introduce the Digital Factory. The Digital Factory is defined as an IT system capable of digitally planning, controlling and optimizing all resources and activities related to a product which are performed beginning with its development and ending in the order processing – prior to the start of the real production of the product. In this article a newly defined reference process for the Digital Factory is used as basis for a software classification schema. Using this schema the results of a software market analysis for the Digital Factory domain have been structured and interpreted from a process and functionality coverage point of view. With this approach, the authors were able to prove that the amount of software solutions available within this domain is huge. This generates a need for IT support within the software selection process for the Digital Factory domain. To achieve this, a first concept for a structured software selection process is introduced. The results of this article can be used as a basis for future research on this topic.

Prediction is very difficult, especially if it's about the future."- Niels Bohr Since the early days of mankind, man has always been fascinated by the idea of knowing future. Data is being captured at a rate never before seen in history. The retailer's goal is to translate that data into bottom line profits & Predictive analytics makes that possible. The data one captures about customers, or even consumers who interact with retail operation and don't make a purchase, is more revealing than one can think of. Customer data can provide insights on everything from large and systemic patterns of global markets, workflows, national infrastructures, and natural systems to the location, temperature, security, and condition of every item in supply chain. Predictive analytics offers access to reliable, timely information; understand customers, spot trends that drive better decisions to stay ahead in a competitive marketplace. Managers have many different decisions to make monthly, weekly, daily, sometimes even hourly. In 2012, worldwide Business Analytics software market grew 8.7% year over year with revenues reaching $34.9 billion (1) (2) and is also expecting accelerated growth which will be fueled by the quest to harness the power of big data. This paper gives Comparative Study of some of the Time Series Analytic Techniques which are the foundation blocks of

Recent proliferation of mobile market has swiftly increased the competition in mobile software market, new technology and new devices are emerging at phenomenal speed. As the number of mobile applications is increasing at daily rate, quality is becoming major issue. So mobile software organization need some quality model as guideline to improve and maintain quality of application under development. Mobile application mainly depends on user response and user acceptance so they need maintainability, usability, suitability etc. This research paper presents mobile application quality model focusing on key quality characteristics mainly extracted from ISO 9126 quality model, which effect quality of mobile applications. Furthermore some responsibilities of QA team in mobile application development are also discussed and lastly focused on the issue of „tracking the quality of mobile applications after deployment‟.

This paper studies the impact of software piracy in a two-sided-market setting. Software platforms attract developers and users to maximize their profits. The equilibrium price structure is affected by piracy: license fees to developers are higher with more software protection but the impact on user prices is ambiguous. A conflict between platforms and software developers over software protection may arise: whereas one side benefits from better protection, the other party loses out. Under platform compatibility, this conflict is no longer present.

Trabalho enviado em 14 de agosto de 2015. Aceito em 12 de outubro de 2015. DOI: 10.12957/rqi.2016.18174 Resumo A tarefa de investigar a escolha por parte de governos em adotar softwares livres demanda uma analise profunda sobre o cenario do mercado de programas de computador. Atraves de um metodo de analise empirica e qualitativa, visa-se aprofundar na compreensao dos caracteres pelos quais se constitui o setor de softwares e elencar os principais problemas a serem enfrentados. O plano teorico adotado e o da luta pelo reconhecimento e o do viver plenamente o direito. A principal constatacao e de que a adocao do modelo de open source pelo Governo Federal nao e capaz de figurar como fator transformador da realidade do mercado, monopolizada pelas estruturas dos softwares de codigo-fonte fechados. Palavras-chave: Luta por reconhecimento. Vivendo plenamente a lei. Propriedade Intelectual. Softwares Livres. Codigo-fonte Abstract Investigating the government’s choice for promoting open source software initiatives is a complex task that demands a deeper look at the software market situation. Through an analytical and empirical approach, this research aims to further understanding of the elements that make up the software market and classify the major problems present in this realm. The theoretical framework applied is the theories of the struggle for recognition and living lawfully. The underpinning of this research is that the adoption of open source software by the Brazilian Government has not changed the essential character of the market, as the structures that could transform the nature of this scenario are still monopolized by proprietary software companies. Keywords : Struggle for recognition. Living lawfully. Intellectual Property. Open Source Software. Source Code.

This paper presents a development forecast for the Russian information and communications sector. Two scenarios-inert and innovative investment—are explored for each period. According to the results of our study, in the period from 2010 to 2030, the output of the Russian information and communications sector will increase by a factor of 3.52–4 under the investment scenario and by a factor of 2–2.5 under the inert scenario. This is due to the limited private and public resources that could be invested in the sector on a large scale, as well as to the absence of basic innovation in the area of information and communication technologies, which could have a significant economic impact and provide a basis for a new technological order. It is concluded that the information and communications sector is running out of its market expansion potential.

SUMMARY Today, many micro-sized and small-sized software enterprises (MSEs) have initiated a software process improvement (SPI) initiative to be more competitive in the software market. SPI initiatives in MSEs have not been entirely successful; in general, MSEs consider them a long, expensive, and difficult activity. One of the reasons of these results is that a large number of human, social, technical, and organizational factors influence these initiatives. MSEs require to control, mitigate, or solve these factors to succeed in their initiatives. However, because there is a lack of information regarding the characteristics and behavior of these factors in the context of the MSEs, SPI managers have limited information to design strategies to control these factors. This work proposes a framework of factors that influence SPI initiatives in MSEs and a methodology to evaluate and control these factors. This framework includes 132 factors grouped in six categories. Additionally, we specify their properties, their value scales, and the property values for each factor. SPI managers could use this framework to evaluate and control potential threats to SPI initiatives and to propose better SPI strategies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The intended purpose of a device is a key reference when regulators decide whether or not to regulate it as a medical device. However, when coming into consumer health domain, it is sometimes difficult to decide whether a device (or system) has a general purpose or not. The authors discussed the regulatory policy around health device connectivity, operating system and software market, and proposed to regulate them with enough granularity.

VPN can give safety in connection in Timbuc-too, by corporation`s basis communication means today that transfer user support in Timbuc-too is required compulsorily, VPN is activated. This research wishes to investigate base technology of VPN software field and investigate VPN software market trend and standard and develop estimation model of VPN software. For this special quality of VPN software investigation / analyze and investigate or analyze market trend and standard this to VPN software to base deduction of estimation item and estimation model develop.

This study specifically focuses on the software market and tries to identify the sources that intensify equity investments through merger and acquisition (M&A) paths. Increasing the firm size and accessing new growth opportunities is particularly significant in the software industry. Consistent with this view, this work focuses on the cross-border strategies that could be used to manage value creation processes. The results found are based on the fact that diversification of the geographic market (acquiring cross-border technology) is relevant to the positive answers given by the stock markets. Moreover, the age of the target firm strongly influences M&A decisions and the younger the target firm is, the higher the possibility of creating value, but this variable increases uncertainty in the evaluation of the target firm, decreasing the purchase offers. The complementary nature between the acquiring and the target firm and the size of the investing firm influence market return and appear to be linked. These results provide empirical evidence on the use of financial measures to determine the goodness of an acquisition but, above all, they provide a new reading of the evaluation of the complementary nature between the buyer and the target firm.

We adopted a game-theoretic approach to studying competition in the software market that is dependent on the network effect, i.e., where the success of the software product is mainly affected by the size of its installed base. The primary goals of our research were: to provide insights into competition between a new entrant with a significant presence in foreign countries and a home-grown incumbent, and to offer evidence in support to the theory of competition in the software market. Our analysis of word-processing software competition in South Korea between 1997 and 2003 suggested that there are several factors that caused the new entrant [Microsoft in this case], to overtake the native incumbent as the market leader. The findings are integrated into a discussion of the managerial implications.

This article examines the entry into and survival in the U.S. software market by a sample of firms based in India, Ireland, and Israel, with a focus on the pre-entry technological capabilities, international linkages, and home-based experience of these firms as determinants. Using a novel measure of foreign activity, namely, the registration of software trademarks in the United States, this study applies the date of the first trademark application filed with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office as a proxy for a firm's U.S. entry. Trademark renewals and new trademark applications trace the sample firms' survival. The analysis shows that international linkages have a positive relationship with entry and survival, whereas firm technological capabilities and age are not associated with entry, though technological capabilities affect the likelihood of survival. Copyright © 2010 Strategic Management Society.

Creating information systems is complicated and involves finding solutions for analytic-design problems and for that reason using new programming languages and CASE tools is necessary. The author tries to evaluate two items chosen from a group of many tools available on the software market. For that reason the author pointed out few criteria connected to quality and quantity parameters. The specific character of the product influences the decision about the type of tool made by analytic-design team. ENTERPRISE ARCHITECT A MAGICDRAW UML – POROWNANIE MOŻLIWOŚCI NARZĘDZI CASE

This paper shows that a selective piracy-detection strategy for the monopolist is rational in a reproducible software market. Different detection strategies and the corresponding price/penalty strategies adopted by the monopolist, with the considerations of detection costs and network externality, are demonstrated in a simplified two-period model. Under some specific circumstances, the software monopolist could gain a higher profit if not detecting piracy (closing one eye) at the beginning but detecting it (opening the other eye) later. In short, detection strategies would be time-inconsistent. Moreover, from the social planner’s perspective, the monopolist’s best detection strategy is not always socially optimal; that is, not-enforcing copyright protection may be privately and socially beneficial.

Allowing for innovation dynamics in the software market, this paper studies the conditions under which standardization in the hardware market arises and persists over time. In the model, software firms repeatedly invest in quality upgrades, compete in the product market, and make exit as well as entry decisions. The results show that, in general, excess inertia does not occur. A platform becomes the standard in a market only if it is better than the competing platforms. Furthermore, low overall rates of innovation always lead to variety; conversely, the higher the speed of innovation, the more likely standardization is.

Darbe modeliuojama programinės įrangos rinka. Analizuojamos šio modelio nulemtos nuosavybinės programinės įrangos rinkos tendencijos, globali įtaka ekonomikai bei rinkos vystymosi scenarijai. Įrodoma, kad rinkos koncentracija yra neišvengiamas tokio modelio scenarijų rezultatas. Aptariamas aprašytų scenarijų keliamų problemų sprendimas. Palyginami du sprendimų tipai: kiekybinis sprendimas – teisinis ekonominis reguliavimas, ir kokybinis sprendimas – perėjimas prie laisvosiosprograminės įrangos. Analizuojami abiejų tipų sprendimų poveikiai sistemai. Pagrindžiama išvada, kad sistema pajėgi sugerti pirmojo tipo sprendimus, o antrojo tipo sprendimai gali iš esmės pakeisti situaciją.Software competition system dynamics modelMykolas Okulič-Kazarinas Summary In article the system dynamics model of competition in the proprietary software market is presented, trends of this market and the influence of these trends to the global economy are analysed, scenario’s of behaviour of system according to presented model are described, problem of concentration of capital because of functioning of proprietary software system is identified. Model shows how the software market goes to economically not reasonable distribution of capital. Current known possible solutions of problems are looked round. Two types of solution are presented and analysed: (1) quantitative solution, on egg. special law obligating using of standards and (2) qualitative solution, egg. promotion of using of free software.The main conclusion is that quantitative solution could not solve the global problem. Efficiency of solution of using of free software was proved.

This work proposes a simple model to simulate the dynamics of the market related to COTS software products, when there are no new entrants. The model takes in explicit account the interactions between products. The model uses a set of random variables, as the initial condition, to simulate the time evolution. The results of the simulations predict the emergence of monopolies, when the interactions between products are significant, and of open markets, when they are limited. The model is validated, by comparing the results of the simulation with the well established observations related to software markets and by comparing the resulting distribution of COTS software products with real data on the software market, which was provided by PC Data Inc.

A new service model has emerged which delivers application and services on subscription by several options of license periods. Our paper discusses the optimal license duration for a software vendor to license software: one basic period or two license periods. In the model, we consider the license duration, the discount rate, and the reservation price. We show that two license periods can make software vendors segment their markets more appropriately and how software vendors can maximize their profits through the use of this new licensing policy.

Offering a free trial is a common strategy of software vendors, which has been studied by many researchers focusing on the impact of positive network effects. However, the software is not perfectly security, security vulnerabilities may be exploited and incur negative security externalities among software users. In this paper, we examine the free trial strategy in an environment where both positive network effects and security risk exist. The findings indicate that the negative security externality affects the vendor’s decision significantly. Software vendor should offer a free trial when low or moderate negative security externalities and high positive network effects are both satisfied.

We develop a general equilibrium model to study the implications of a legal environment on the organization of software production. We show that contract enforcement determines the organizational mode (i.e., in-house versus outsourcing) of customized software development while copyright protection affects both packaged software as well as customized software development. We obtain some testable results: when copyright protection is weak, only customized software will be developed; when copyright protection is strong, both customized software and packaged software will be developed; environment changes in one software market affect the equilibrium in the other software market.

As the ERP software market has been growing at a very fast pace over the last several years and has been predicted to keep growing rapidly, but at the same time Implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software in a global environment faces a several key challenges. E.g. business processes are to be reengineered to align with the ERP software best practices, technical architecture and infrastructure needs to be in place globally as per specifications of the packaged software, integration of extended enterprise services in terms of ERP, CRM, SCM, Business intelligence systems, etc., are some of key challenges which an organizations face to implement such global solutions. Besides all these, critical success factors like users involvement, time and budget constraints, vendor performance, etc. are other side of implementation process. In this paper, authors had reviewed key technical and implementation issues faced in ERP implementation, how to resolve them and .finally a framework is proposed for overall ERP system implementation and design of program management, which contributes to the success of such complex and global solutions This framework is designed to facilitate small and medium level companies to implement ERP system of there own.