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This paper describes a novel approach to detect Cd(II) using the combination of the differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry and magnetic nanoparticle based dispersive solid phase microextraction as an efficient, green and accurate method. Currents of Cd(II) increased linearly in the range from 75 to 2000 ng L−1 Cd(II) with a detection limit of 21.6 ng L−1. The RSD values of 2.6 and 6.0 % for 1.00 and 0.10 μg L−1 respectively showed that proposed method has an acceptable repeatability. Recovery values between 92.3 and 98.6 % showed that this approach can be successfully used for determination of Cd(II) in water samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper describes the voltammetric analysis of dipyridamole (DIP) at a cheap, disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The working conditions were optimized with regard to the electrode material and the supporting electrolyte. Cyclic voltammetric investigations emphasized that DIP is irreversibly oxidized at the PGE. The electrode process is pH-dependent and controlled by both diffusion and adsorption. For DIP quantitative determination a differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) method in phosphate buffer solution pH 7.00 was developed. DIP's oxidation peak current varied linearly with the analyte concentration, presenting two linear ranges, namely 5.00 x 10-7 -2.50 × 10-5 M and 2.50 × 10-5 -2.50 × 10-4 M, with detection and quantification limits of 1.21 × 10-7 M and 4.03 × 10-7 M DIP, respectively. The newly developed DPV method using the inexpensive, disposable PGE was successfully applied for the simple and rapid determination of DIP from pharmaceutical formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diosmin (DIO) is a naturally occurring flavonoid with multiple beneficial effects on human health. The presence of different hydroxyl groups in diosmin structure enables its electrochemical investigation and quantification. This work presents, for the first time, diosmin voltammetric behavior and quantification on the cost-effective, disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE). Diosmin oxidation on PGE involves two irreversible steps, generating products with reversible redox behaviors. All electrode processes are pH-dependent and predominantly adsorption-controlled. Differential pulse (DPV) and adsorptive stripping differential pulse (AdSDPV) voltammetric methods have been optimized for diosmin quantification o an H-type PGE, in 0.100 mol/L H2SO4. The linear ranges and limits of detection were for DPV 1.00 × 10−6–1.00 × 10−5 mol/L and 2.76 × 10−7 mol/L DIO for DPV and 1.00 × 10−7–2.50 × 10−6 mol/L and 7.42 × 10−8 mol/L DIO for AdSDPV, respectively. The DPV method was successfully applied for diosmin quantification in dietary supplement tablets. The percentage recovery was 99.87 ± 4.88%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]