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The pandemic-induced suspension of international study tours in 2020 permits space within which to examine the specific role of the study tour supervisor and student learning. While there is a significant body of literature on student experiences, relatively little attention has been devoted to the supervisor's role. Drawing on a first-hand account by a nurse educator on Australia's New Colombo Plan (NCP) international study tour program, this paper reveals the role's shifting complexities and uncertainties. This discussion provides the basis from which to explore the dynamics of supervisor-student relationships within unfamiliar overseas settings. The original Grand Tour, particularly the advice provided by Sir Francis Bacon in the early 17th century, serves as a frame of reference against which to evaluate the experiences shared by supervisors and students on international study tours. The frequently hazardous situations they face together required them to assume increasing responsibilities. The paper assesses the strategic and theoretical implications arising from this exercise of responsibility, which is grounded in nursing ethics and the goals of public health.

In this paper, we discuss findings from a research project in which barriers to and facilitators for promotion with women academics were explored. Four focus groups of women academics at an Australian university were held. Data including responses to semi-structured questions were analysed and interpreted using coding and thematic analysis. We found that multiple barriers and facilitators still exist in the university sector for women applying for promotion, covering structural, organisational, and individual levels. The barriers for promotion included workloads and huge expectations, the multi-pronged promotion process, competition, not being valued, juggling family life and not wanting to risk happiness. Facilitators for promotion included mentoring and collaborative nurturing, giving back to others including the university and flexibility.

To explore midwifery students' (and as new graduates') experiences and level of satisfaction about a student-led midwifery model of care. This was a qualitative study to elicit rich descriptive data from the participants. Thematic analysis was used. The students were interviewed at the end of their final year of study and they were subsequently interviewed at the end of their graduate year. Two overarching themes were identified from the qualitative findings from the first and second interviews including the students building and sustaining important relationships and transitioning from a student to new graduate. The midwifery students valued the opportunity to spend one year in a student-led model of care so that they could build and sustain important relationships with women and their team including the mentor midwife as new graduates. The students developed confidence by being respected by midwives and enabled them to advocate for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects female reproductive health in various ways. Similarly, it plays a critical role in women's unintended pregnancy. This study examines the relationship between IPV and unintended pregnancy in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries. This study uses data from the nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in six Eastern African SSA countries. The original sample size was restricted to ever married (or cohabitating) women of reproductive age who completed the survey's Domestic Violence Module and had a pregnancy in the previous 5 years. Svyset proportion was used to estimate the prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the study outcomes and multiple logistic regression was used to compare outcomes of last pregnancy by exposure to lifetime IPV committed by the most recent partner. The prevalence of unintended pregnancy in Eastern SSA was 38% [36.4, 40.34] among married women with high disparity among countries. This prevalence was 45% [42.05, 48.15] and 55% [50.0, 59.87] among women who had experienced any form of IPV and sexual violence, respectively. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, women with a history of sexual violence had a higher risk of unintended pregnancy [AOR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.39, 2.33] and increased odds of unintended pregnancy for women who had more than five living children [AOR: 4.93, 95% CI: 3.40, 7.15], women who lived in rural residences [AOR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.90], and women who reported they had financial barriers for health care [AOR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.64]. Our findings suggest that IPV, particularly sexual violence, is a key player for higher risk of unintended pregnancy in Eastern SSA countries. This study highlights the need for developing programs and implementation of policies that integrate sexual reproductive health and IPV to reduce unintended pregnancy among married and single women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evidence on the relative importance of geographical distribution and associated factors with intimate partner violence (IPV) can inform regional and national health programs on women's health. Four thousand seven hundred and twenty married women aged 15-49 years were interviewed in 2016 about IPV and this data was extracted from the Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) in 2020. The sample was selected by a two-staged cluster survey of women. The analysis was conducted using logistic regression that adjusted for clustering and sampling weights. Moreover, weighted proportions of IPV were exported to ArcGIS to conduct autocorrelations to assess the clustering of IPV. Amongst the 4469 married women who were 15 to 49 years of age included in the analysis, 34% (95% CI, 31.4%-36.3%) experienced IPV, 23.5% (95% CI, 21.5%-25.7%) experienced physical violence, 10.1% (95% CI, 8.7%- 11.7 %) experienced sexual violence and 24% (95% CI, 21.7%-26.4 %) experienced emotional violence. Partners' controlling behaviour [AOR: 3.94; 95% CI, 3.03- 5.12], partner's alcohol consumption [AOR: 2.59; 95% CI, 1.80- 3.71], partner educational qualifications [AOR: 2.16; 95% CI, 1.26- 3.71], a woman birthing more than five children [AOR: 1.70; 95% CI, 1.12- 2.56] and a history of the woman's father being physically violent towards her mother [AOR: 1.99; 95% CI, 1.52- 2.59] were associated with an increased risk of IPV amongst married women in Ethiopia. Western and Central Oromia, Western Amhara, Gambella and Central Tigray and Hararri were identified as hot spot areas in Ethiopia (p<0.001). In this study, there was a significant geographic clustering of IPV in Ethiopia. Controlling and drinking behaviour and partners' unemployment status were identified as important factors for married women experiencing IPV. Hence, there is a need for a context- driven evidence-based design intervention to reduce the impact of IPV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Architecture faculty continue, at times contentiously, to debate theroles that hand drawing and digital media should have in the practicesand education of architects. Some argue for the computer as the“new pencil,” while others maintain that the pencil is irreplaceable. A survey conducted by the authors suggests that the academy itself mayrest in a dichotomous position of committing more resources to digitalmedia than hand drawing while simultaneously indicating that both typesof media are valued about equally. Rather than reinforce an oppositionalrelationship between the hand and the computer, this paper aims toreveal current trends regarding the roles of hand and digital designmedia in the academy and to provide a review of the primary benefits ofhand drawing within an environment that is, seemingly, preoccupied withdigital media. Hand drawing provides unique contributions to and opportunities within the development of architectural thought and work. Maintainingsketching and precision hand drawing as fundamental activities of thearchitect extends the post-Renaissance tradition of architecture as a distinct design discipline directed to architectural ideas and relationships.Furthermore, hand drawing creates unique opportunities for imaginative transformation, for bodily engagement and accommodation, and for preconditioningthe qualities of a built work and therefore should remain asignificant component of the discipline.

Background: Foetal development and the long‐term outcomes of the infant are influenced by the intrauterine environment. Strategies to enhance maternal health in pregnancy are needed to improve health outcomes for childbearing women and babies, advancing the well‐being of our general population. Aim: To synthesise the existing literature to determine the impacts of mindfulness and yoga practice upon birth outcomes and maternal health. Methods: An integrative literature review using Whittemore and Knafl's framework was undertaken in 2016–2017. Two search strategies included database peer‐reviewed journal articles and ancestry searching, that is exploring the reference list of relevant research articles. After screening and checking the eligibility, a total of 12 articles were included in this review. Data analysis involved coding, visual displays, thematic analysis and comparison, and conclusion drawing. Results: The results of this review identified a broad theme that mindfulness and yoga practice is associated with improved maternal mental health antenatally and postnatally. Subthemes have been presented under the central theme including the following: increased mindfulness correlates with decreased fear of childbirth; reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression; and supportive group settings found to be beneficial by pregnant women. Conclusion: The evidence presented in this review suggests that mindfulness and yoga practice are feasible and cost‐effective interventions to enhance maternal mental health, particularly for women experiencing mental health challenges. Mindfulness and yoga practised regularly in the antenatal period can significantly promote the health of pregnant women and potentially their developing babies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives To explore in detail how women perceived their experience of domestic violence and leaving or ending the abuse. This research also examined how service providers identified their professional role in assisting women to end such relationships. Background Domestic violence against women continues to occur internationally. Reliable statistics are difficult to capture because of inconsistent definitions, contradictory methods of acquiring data and unreported incidents. Design A qualitative study, undertaken in two phases, was conducted in Australia. Methods Twelve women who had experienced domestic violence and ended those relationships participated in one semistructured interview (Phase 1). Twenty-five professionals from health, social sciences and law, whose work included assisting women experiencing domestic violence, participated in three focus groups (Phase 2). Thematic analysis guided by a narrative inquiry approach forms the framework for information collection and interpretation of data in this project. Findings The barriers that impede women from disclosing abuse and taking action to end domestic violence are complex and varied between participants. Women did not always acknowledge or realise their relationship was precarious and often denied or minimised the abuse to cope with the domestic violence. Professionals identified that women did not always identify or acknowledge abuse inherent in their relationship although this delayed the provision of appropriate services. Conclusion Whether women disclose abuse or deny violence in their relationship, acceptance by service providers and the offer of support is crucial to assisting women in violent relationships. Relevance to clinical practice It is hoped that the findings may assist health practitioners, including nurses, to provide nonjudgemental support to women experiencing domestic violence whether women acknowledge the abusive relationship or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Foetal development and the long-term outcomes of the infant are influenced by the intrauterine environment. Strategies to enhance maternal health in pregnancy are needed to improve health outcomes for childbearing women and babies, advancing the well-being of our general population., Aim: To synthesise the existing literature to determine the impacts of mindfulness and yoga practice upon birth outcomes and maternal health., Methods: An integrative literature review using Whittemore and Knafl's framework was undertaken in 2016-2017. Two search strategies included database peer-reviewed journal articles and ancestry searching, that is exploring the reference list of relevant research articles. After screening and checking the eligibility, a total of 12 articles were included in this review. Data analysis involved coding, visual displays, thematic analysis and comparison, and conclusion drawing., Results: The results of this review identified a broad theme that mindfulness and yoga practice is associated with improved maternal mental health antenatally and postnatally. Subthemes have been presented under the central theme including the following: increased mindfulness correlates with decreased fear of childbirth; reduced symptoms of anxiety and depression; and supportive group settings found to be beneficial by pregnant women., Conclusion: The evidence presented in this review suggests that mindfulness and yoga practice are feasible and cost-effective interventions to enhance maternal mental health, particularly for women experiencing mental health challenges. Mindfulness and yoga practised regularly in the antenatal period can significantly promote the health of pregnant women and potentially their developing babies., (© 2019 Nordic College of Caring Science.)

Objective: To assess the effect of home-based health assessments for older Australians on health-related quality of life, hospital and nursing home admissions, and death., Design: Randomised controlled trial of the effect of health assessments over 3 years., Participants and Setting: 1569 community-living veterans and war widows receiving full benefits from the Department of Veterans' Affairs and aged 70 years or over were randomly selected in 1997 from 10 regions of New South Wales and Queensland and randomly allocated to receive either usual care (n = 627) or health assessments (n = 942)., Intervention: Annual or 6-monthly home-based health assessments by health professionals, with telephone follow-up, and written report to a nominated general practitioner., Main Outcome Measures: Differences in health-related quality of life, admission to hospital and nursing home, and death over 3 years of follow-up., Results: 3-year follow-up interviews were conducted for 1031 participants. Intervention-group participants who remained in the study reported higher quality of life than control-group participants (difference in Physical Component Summary score, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.05-1.76; difference in Mental Component Summary score, 1.36; 95% CI, 0.40-2.32). There was no significant difference in the probability of hospital admission or death between intervention and control groups over the study period. Significantly more participants in the intervention group were admitted to nursing homes compared with the control group (30 v 7; P < 0.01)., Conclusions: Health assessments for older people may have small positive effects on quality of life for those who remain resident in the community, but do not prevent deaths. Assessments may increase the probability of nursing-home placement.