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Significant columnar grains usually occur in the metallurgical microstructure of laser additive manufacturing, and plastic deformation introduced into additive manufacturing can significantly refine grain size. Due to the high deformation resistance and difficult deformation of titanium alloys, reducing the high-temperature deformation resistance of additive manufacturing titanium alloys is essential to facilitating the implementation of online rolling processes. High-temperature compression of titanium alloys was performed on a Gleeble-3800. It was found that the flow stress of the alloy decreased when the strain of the alloy decreased or the deformation temperature increased. The flow behavior of titanium alloys at high temperatures was investigated with the help of a Z-parameter flow model and multiple linear regression model. A positive correlation was found between the experimental and predicted values of the alloy under the multiple linear regression model, with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and its error of 13.5%, which could better predict the flow stress values. In addition, hot processing maps were established, and the optimal deformation conditions were determined to provide some theoretical guidance for subsequent experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During 26–27 June 2022, mainly influenced by three mesoscale vortices, central‐eastern China (particularly for Henan and Shandong) experiences the first widespread torrential rainfall event of the 2022 flood season (maximum 24‐hr accumulated precipitation is ∼380.9 mm), resulting in severe social impacts. The three mesoscale vortices form and sustain under favorable background conditions, mainly including a strong upper‐level divergence, an intense middle‐level warm advection, and a powerful lower‐level convergence associated with a low‐level jet. Among the vortices, the vortex which forms over Shandong, lasts for ∼9 hr, and makes a much larger contribution than the other vortices to the accumulated precipitation, is defined as the primary vortex. More than a half of the hourly precipitation peaks in this event appear in the life span of the primary vortex, which is closely related to the variations of the vortex in its cyclonic‐vorticity and vertical extent. Backward trajectory analysis indicates that air particles originating from the lower troposphere southwest of the primary vortex contribute the most to its formation (∼82.7%). These air particles mainly experience a notable increase in their cyclonic‐vorticity due to convergence‐related vertical stretching, which directly renders the formation of primary vortex. During the whole life span of the primary vortex, convergence‐related vertical stretching is the most favorable factor for its development/sustainment, and the convection‐related vertical transport of cyclonic vorticity ranks second; whereas, the horizontal transport is the most detrimental factor. Moisture budget shows that Southeast China is the most important moisture source for this event (accounting for ∼48.9%). Plain Language Summary: Due to global warming, extreme weather and climate events occur with a higher frequency and a stronger intensity in China. Of these, a widespread heavy rainfall occurs in central‐eastern China during 26–27 June 2022, which causes severe impacts on society. Our attention is drawn to understand how the extreme rainstorm forms and where the main moisture sources are located. For this, we analyze this event by using automatic station data and reanalysis data and discover that three mesoscale vortices are the primary reason for the heavy rainfall. Among the vortices, the one with the longest life span contributes the most to the accumulated precipitation. The strong convergence in the lower troposphere dominates the formation/maintenance of the vortex. Southeast China continuously supplies moisture for the rainfall (∼48.9% in contribution). This research is helpful to enhance the understanding of this type of heavy rainfall event. Key Points: Affected by three mesoscale vortices, central‐eastern China experiences torrential rainfall, with a rainfall peak of ∼380.9 mm observedThe primary vortex, which is produced by vertical stretching, is directly related to more than a half of the hourly rainfall peaksSoutheast China provides ∼48.9% of the moisture for the rainfall, which is mainly transported by the Southwesterly/southerly wind [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the systematic training mode and assessment system for new registered nurses in intensive care unit. Methods From 2014 to 2018, three stages of training were carried out for new registered nurses in the Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. After the first two stages of training, the training system was assessed. Results A total of 132 new registered nurses participated in standardized training during their study, and the passing rate of the entrance examination was 28%. Two weeks later, the passing rate of the first stage was 95.2%, which was significantly improved (P＜0.05). Six weeks later, the pass rate of the second stage was 72.0% (P＜0.05). The qualified rate after 24 weeks was 96.2%. Conclusions The basic theoretical knowledge, clinical skills and the capacity of critical thinking of new registered nurses in ICU are relatively weak, which can be improved after systematic training. “theoretical assessment + operational assessment plus clinical reasoning evaluation” is helpful to evaluate and improve the nursing ability of new registered nurses.

Background: The aim of this study was to review current delivery room (DR) resuscitation intensity in Chinese tertiary neonatal intensive care units and to investigate the association between DR resuscitation intensity and short-term outcomes in preterm infants born at 24+0–31+6 weeks' gestation age (GA). Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study. The source population was infants born at 24+0–31+6 weeks' GA who were enrolled in the Chinese Neonatal Network 2019 cohort. Eligible infants were categorized into five groups: (1) regular care; (2) oxygen supplementation and/or continuous positive airway pressure (O2/CPAP); (3) mask ventilation; (4) endotracheal intubation; and (5) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The association between DR resuscitation and short-term outcomes was evaluated by inverse propensity score-weighted logistic regression. Results: Of 7939 infants included in this cohort, 2419 (30.5%) received regular care, 1994 (25.1%) received O2/CPAP, 1436 (18.1%) received mask ventilation, 1769 (22.3%) received endotracheal intubation, and 321 (4.0%) received CPR in the DR. Advanced maternal age and maternal hypertension correlated with a higher need for resuscitation, and antenatal steroid use tended to be associated with a lower need for resuscitation (P < 0.001). Severe brain impairment increased significantly with increasing amounts of resuscitation in DR after adjusting for perinatal factors. Resuscitation strategies vary widely between centers, with over 50% of preterm infants in eight centers requiring higher intensity resuscitation. Conclusions: Increased intensity of DR interventions was associated with increased mortality and morbidities in very preterm infants in China. There is wide variation in resuscitative approaches across delivery centers, and ongoing quality improvement to standardize resuscitation practices is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-limiting adverse effect of anticancer agents with virtually no effective treatment. Safe and effective therapies are needed urgently. Acupuncture shows therapeutic possibilities in this regard but needs to be further evaluated. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in seven databases from their inception to April 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on acupuncture/electroacupuncture (EA) for the treatment of CIPN were included. Revman 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis if there was no significant heterogeneity. Otherwise, qualitative analysis was utilized. Results: Nine studies involving 582 patients were included in this review. Most of the studies exhibited unclear risk of bias because some details were not mentioned. As the clinical heterogeneity was significant, qualitative analysis was performed to describe nerve conduction velocity, effective rate for motor neuropathy, pain scores, quality of life and adverse events. Meta-analysis was performed on four studies to analyze the effective rate for sensory neuropathy due to inconspicuous heterogeneity. The results indicated that acupuncture may generate a better effect on sensory neuropathy than vitamin B (risk ratio = 1.60, 95% confidence interval = 1.31–1.95, I2 = 0%, p < 0.00001). The efficacy of EA plus glutathione (GSH) appeared to be better than that of GSH alone in alleviating sensory neurotoxicity and in improving nerve conduction velocity. Acupuncture plus methylcobalamin showed more favorable effects than methylcobalamin alone in relieving neuralgia, restoring nerve conduction velocity and improving quality of life. In terms of pain relief and improved CIPN-specific quality of life, acupuncture plus standard care was better than standard care alone. In terms of pain relief, EA was more effective than usual care. Conclusion: Acupuncture may be effective and safe in the treatment of CIPN according to the analyzed studies. However, more studies with higher methodological quality are warranted in order to be able to draw firmer conclusions. Future rigorous RCTs will be necessary to confirm the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for CIPN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the hourly precipitation data at 176 observational stations over south China and the hourly ERA5 reanalysis data during the 40-yr period of 1981-2020, we analyzed the universal characteristics of moisture transport and their associated background circulations for four types of regional extreme precipitation events (REPEs) over south China. Main findings are shown as follow. (i) The wind that transported moisture for the REPEs over south China featured a notable diurnal variation, which was consistent with the variations of the precipitation. (ii) Four types of REPEs could be determined, among which the southwest type (SWT) and the southeast type (SET) accounted for ~92% and ~5.7%, respectively, ranking the first and second, respectively. (iii) Trajectory analyses showed that the air particles of the SWT-REPEs had the largest specific humidity and experienced the most intense ascending motion, and therefore their precipitation was the strongest among the four types. (iv) South China was dominated by notable moisture flux convergence for the four types of REPEs, but their moisture transport was controlled by different flow paths. (v) Composite analyses indicated that the background circulation of the four types of REPEs showed different features, particularly for the intensity, location and coverage of a western Pacific subtropical high. For the SWT-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly driven by a lower-tropospheric strong southwesterly wind band in the low-latitude regions. Air particles for this type of REPEs mainly passed over the Indochina Peninsula and South China Sea. For the SET-REPEs, their moisture transport was mainly steered by a strong low-tropospheric southeasterly wind northeast of a transversal trough. Air particles mainly passed over the South China Sea for this type of REPEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite radar reflectivity data during April - September 2011-2015 are used to investigate and classify storms in south China (18-27°N; 105-120°E). The storms appear most frequently in May. They are either linear; cellular or nonlinear systems, taking up 29.45%, 24.51% and 46.04%, respectively, in terms of morphology. Linear systems are subdivided into six morphologies: trailing stratiform precipitation (TS), bow echoes (BE), leading stratiform precipitation (LS), embedded line (EL), no stratiform precipitation (NS) and parallel stratiform precipitation (PS). The TS and NS modes have the highest frequencies but there are only small samples of LS (0.61%) and PS (0.79%) modes. Severe convective wind (=17m s-1 at surface level) accounts for the highest percentage (35%) of severe convective weather events produced by cellular systems including individual cells (IC) and clusters of cells (CC). Short-duration heavy rainfall (=50 mm h-1) and severe convective wind are the most common severe weather associated with TS and BE modes. Comparison of environmental physical parameters shows that cellular convection systems tend to occur in the environment with favorable thermal condition, substantial unstable energy and low precipitable water from the surface to 300 hPa (PWAT). However, the environmental conditions favoring the initiation of linear systems feature strong vertical wind shear, high PWAT, and intense convective inhibition. The environmental parameters favoring the initiation of nonlinear systems are between those of the other two types of morphology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In essence, cultural and creative design features humanity and culture. The process of how to transform culture into creativity is an essential subject of design education, which, in turn, calls for a new design teaching system. In regard to combining traditional Chinese thinking with modern design experience, the question of how to apply traditional Chinese thinking to design concepts, methods, and education is systematically explored in this research. Firstly, the question of how to transform the philosophy of "Tao, Vessel, Change and Comprehensiveness" in the Book of Changes into "design thinking" in order to establish the learning process of creative design with added value—as well as to set up the teaching model of cultural and creative design under "Tao, Vessel, Change and Comprehensiveness"—is discussed. After this, two cases of the Aboriginal Harvest Festival's cultural creativity "Dancing Together" candlestick and the animation, cultural, and creative design of the "Wind Lion God" are used in order to examine the effectiveness of the specific design and to verify the feasibility of this teaching model in the development and application of cultural and creative products. The results demonstrate the feasibility of this teaching model, which provides a new systematic approach for the purposes of teaching and practice in the field of cultural and creative design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In conclusion, we found that PHF20L1 upregulated PAX2 to promote malignant cell behaviors and angiogenesis in CRC by inhibiting HIC1, therefore facilitating CRC cell EMT and liver metastasis. Keywords: angiogenesis; colorectal cancer; epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); PHF20L1 EN angiogenesis colorectal cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) PHF20L1 917 928 12 09/13/22 20220901 NES 220901 Introduction Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer in the digestive system. The 60 pairs of tumor tissues from CRC patients were divided into the PHF20L1-low CRC and PHF20L1-high CRC tissues, and RT-qPCR was used to assess the expression of HIC1 and PAX2. [Extracted from the article]

From 17–22 July 2021, Henan Province experienced the most severe torrential rainfall event since 1975 with a maximum hourly precipitation of 201.9 mm appeared in Zhengzhou, which was the largest hourly rainfall thus far observed by meteorological observation stations over the Chinese Mainland. The appearance of a long‐lived (21‐hr) northwestward‐moving mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) and its interaction with its parent mesoscale convective system (MCS) was crucial to produce the extremely strong heavy rainfall in Zhengzhou. The backward trajectory analysis indicates that air particles in the lower troposphere beneath the MCS over Henan contributed mostly to the MCV's formation. These air particles experienced notable ascending motions and condensation with their strong cyclonic vorticity mostly produced 1‐hr before the MCV's formation. Vorticity budget denotes that strong upward transport of cyclonic vorticity and convergence‐related vertical stretching, both of which were mainly due to convection associated with the parent MCS, acted as dominant factors for the MCV's formation. After formation, the MCV first coupled with its parent MCS, during which its intensity, thickness, and precipitation were all maximized; then, it moved northwestward and decoupled from the MCS, during which it weakened rapidly and finally dissipated. Convection‐related upward cyclonic vorticity transport and inward horizontal advection of cyclonic vorticity associated with an inverted trough over the Henan Province dominated the vortex's development/maintenance in the coupling stage; whereas outward horizontal advection of cyclonic vorticity dominated the MCV's dissipation after it completely decoupled from its parent MCS. These differ notably from the findings documented in previous MCV‐related literature. Key Points: A long‐lived mesoscale vortex was crucial to produce the hourly precipitation of 201.9 mm that appeared in Zhengzhou on 20 July 2021The extremely strong hourly precipitation appeared in the stage when the vortex interacted with its parent mesoscale convective systemConvection‐related upward and net‐import horizontal transport of cyclonic vorticity dominated the vortex's development [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although explosive cyclones (ECs) have long been a focus of research, there remains a lack of knowledge of the statistical characteristics of their associated maximum surface winds and vertical extents. This study fills this gap by conducting a targeted statistical analysis of ECs in the Northern Hemisphere using the ERA‐I reanalysis data during a 40‐year period. Some new findings are obtained: (a) The average location of formation of ECs undergoes a notable westward and equatorward shift from September to April in the next year which is consistent with the location variations of sea surface temperature's strong gradients in subtropical regions. (b) Extreme ECs with a deepening rate more than 2.0 Bergeron or with a longer lifespan more than 10 days tend to have a larger occurrence number over the Northern Atlantic Ocean than over the Northern Pacific. (c) The maximum surface wind associated with an EC tends to appear between the EC reaching its maximum deepening rate and reaching its minimum central pressure. (d) The northeastern quadrant of ECs accounts for the highest proportion of maximum surface wind and strongest wind speed, as the baroclinic energy conversion is generally strongest in this quadrant. (e) Over 60% of ECs belong to a type of vertically deep cyclone (ECs' top levels show close relationship to ascending motions within their central regions), and they tend to reach their maximum vertical extent around the time when they reach their minimum central pressures. (f) The highest top levels of ECs exhibit an overall upward extending trend as their minimum central pressure decreases or their maximum deepening rate increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mei‐yu season (MYS) is one of the most important components of the East Asian rainy season. As the MYS rainfall is significantly uneven, determining its notable features is crucial to understanding/predicting the MYS precipitation. This study provided the first report on the historical rankings of the accumulated precipitation within different regions during extreme MYSs. It was shown that, in the extreme 2020 MYS, the area‐averaged precipitation within/around the Sichuan Basin ranked first during a 70‐year period. For the first time, quantitative contributions of mesoscale vortices to the total precipitation of extreme MYSs were shown. It was found that, during the 2020 MYS, vortices accounted for up to 50% of the MYS's duration within/around Sichuan Basin, and induced up to 90% of the total precipitation there. The abnormally active vortices in the 2020 MYS were the direct reason for the highest precipitation in the past 70 years within/around the Sichuan Basin. Plain Language Summary: The Mei‐yu season (MYS) is a climatic phenomenon of continuous overcast and rainy weather (typically appears in June and July), that occurs in the Yangtze River Basin, Taiwan, Japan and Southern Korea. As the MYS rainfall was uneven, to determine its notable features is crucial to understanding and predicting the MYS precipitation. We provided the first report on the historical rankings of the accumulated precipitation within different regions during the extreme MYSs of 1954, 1998 and 2020. It is shown that, during the 2020 MYS, the area‐averaged precipitation within/around Sichuan Basin was the highest in the past 70 years. By calculating the quantitative contributions of mesoscale vortices to the total MYS precipitation (this study provided the first report), we attributed the abnormally high precipitation within/around Sichuan Basin of the 2020 MYS to the abnormally active mesoscale vortices in this region. Results show that, during the 2020 MYS, vortices accounted for up to 50% of the MYS's whole duration within/around Sichuan Basin, and induced up to 90% of the total precipitation there. Therefore, improving the forecast of mesoscale vortices is of great importance to improve the MYS‐rainfall prediction. Key Points: Historical rankings of the precipitation within different regions during extreme Mei‐yu seasons were determined for the first timeQuantitative contributions of mesoscale vortices to the total precipitation of the extreme Mei‐yu seasons were shown for the first timeAbnormally active vortices in the 2020 Mei‐yu season were the direct reason for its abnormally high rainfall within/around Sichuan Basin [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]