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The main attention of this investigation is to address the heat and mass transfer analysis driven by oscillatory inclined surface with influenced of Dufour effects. The mixed convection applications and saturated porous space is considered for current flow problem. The heat transfer prediction is associated to contribution of radiated effects and heat generation impact. The perturbation technique is used to compile the analytical computations. The solution accuracy is ensured with convincing pattern. Insight analysis with incorporating the effects of parameters has been focused. The predicted observations reveal that the velocity enhances for thermal and mass Grashof coefficients and inclined angle. The heat transfer increases with peak values of Dufour number. The results show applications in heat transfer systems, manufacturing processes, chemical reactions, nuclear systems, cooling processes etc.

Byline: KHN. Ameen, R. Pinninti, E. Thirulogachandar A45-year-old male presented with complaints of weakness of lower limbs and difficulty walking since two years. Patient gave history of gradually progressive proximal [...]

Cardiac voltage-dependent sodium channels (Na(v)) are drug targets for synthetic inactivation inhibitors typified by (+/-)-4- [3-(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-hydroxy propoxy]-1H-indole-2-carbonitrile (DPI 201-106), of which the molecular mode of action is not yet defined. The previous observation by Mevissen and coworkers in 2001 of the electrophysiological ineffectiveness of DPI 201-106 in the bovine heart, in contrast to other species, offers the opportunity for investigating these open questions. We now report about the molecular cloning, expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and electrophysiological characterization of a unique bovine heart sodium channel. Although the predicted 2022-amino acid bovine heart sodium channel (bH1) shares 92% identity with the rat and human isoforms and normal gating properties, it displays drastically reduced sensitivity to (-)-(S)-6-amino-alpha-[(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)-methyl]-9H-purine-9-ethanol (SDZ 211-939). Experimental results with Anemonia sulcata toxin II (0.1-2.5 microM) exclude the possibility of an overall insensitivity of this isoform to various sodium channel modulators. The binding of SDZ 211-939 seems to be largely unaffected (EC(50) of 10.3 and 10.6 microM for bovine and rat isoforms, respectively) but the corresponding efficacy in bovine (V(m) of 0.15) is approximately 5 times smaller compared with the rat heart isoform (V(m) of 0.69). The comparison of the primary structure of bH1 to other sodium channels and the gating properties obtained in presence or absence of SDZ 211-939 revealed a high degree of similarity. Whether the mechanism of channel modulation depends on the interaction of synthetic modulators with some possibly voltage-independent part of the inactivation machinery needs to be determined.

Four new trisaccharide fatty acid esters named noniosides E - H ( 4 - 7) were isolated from the fruit of MORINDA CITRIFOLIA (Noni) by a combination of Sephadex LH-20, high-speed countercurrent chromatography (HSCCC) and semipreparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by high resolution mass spectrometry and 1D- and 2D-NMR as 2,6-di- O-(?- D-glucopyranosyl)-1- O-hexanoyl-?- D-glucopyranose ( 4), 2,6-di- O-(?- D-glucopyranosyl)-1- O-decanoyl-?- D-glucopyranose ( 5), 2- O-(6- O-octanoyl-?- D-glucopyranosyl)-6- O-(?- D-glucopyranosyl)-1- O-octanoyl-?- D-glucopyranose ( 6), and 2- O-(6- O-hexanoyl-?- D-glucopyranosyl)-6- O-(?- D-glucopyranosyl)-1- O-octanoyl-?- D-glucopyranose or 2- O-(6- O-octanoyl-?- D-glucopyranosyl)-6- O-(?- D-glucopyranosyl)-1- O-hexanoyl-?- D-glucopyranose ( 7), respectively. In addition, an HPLC-MS analysis of a methanolic extract of the fruit powder revealed the presence of further derivatives including new disaccharide and trisaccharide esters with fatty acid residues of various lengths.

AbstractDas Zervixkarzinom zhlt zu den hufigsten Krebserkrankungen der Frau, weshalb den Untersuchungen zur Krebsfrherkennung eine besondere Bedeutung zukommt. Die Kolposkopie ist eine technisch einfache Methode, um frhzeitig auffllige Epithele zu erkennen. Nachteile der Kolposkopie bestehen in der geringen Spezifitt und der hohen Inter-und Intraobserver-Variabilitt.Innerhalb einer klinischen Pilotstudie erfolgte die Evaluation eines digitalen Kolposkopiesystems, bestehend aus einem herkmmlichen binokularen Kolposkop, gekoppelt mit einer CCD-Kamera und einem PC. Ziel der Studie war es, die Reproduzierbarkeit bei der Befundung von zervikalen Lsionen zu untersuchen und die Anwendbarkeit der digitalen Kolposkopie fr telematische Fragestellungen zu prfen. Insgesamt wurden 315 Patientinnen untersucht und statistisch ausgewertet. Die Patientinnen wurden zunchst einer herkmmlichen kolposkopischen Untersuchung unterzogen und diagnostiziert. Whrend dieser Untersuchung wurden digitale Bilder gespeichert, auf deren Basis ein zweiter in der Kolposkopie erfahrener Arzt eine Re-Evaluation der Befunde vornahm. Primr- und Sekundrbefunde jeder Patientin wurden in Anlehnung an die Rom-Klassifikation in 4 Befundklassen eingeteilt und verglichen. Zwischen Primr- und Sekundruntersuchung bestand in 69 der Flle bereinstimmung in der Befundeinstufung ( = 0,60 0,03). Es wurde kein statistisch signifikanter Bias zur ber- oder Unterbewertung festgestellt. Der Anteil der nichtauswertbaren Kolposkopien betrug 9,2 . Damit ist die digitale Kolposkopie geeignet, Befunde am PC zu reproduzieren, vorausgesetzt, es liegen eine hinreichende Bildqualitt und ein geeignetes Klassifikationsmodell zur Befundeinstufung vor. Durch die digitale Kolposkopie ergaben sich deutliche Vorteile im Hinblick auf die Verlaufskontrolle (Follow-up), die interne Qualittskontrolle der Diagnose sowie die Aus- und Weiterbildung von rzten und Studenten. Zuknftig erffnen sich in der Gynkologie neue Mglichkeiten durch den Einsatz der Telekolposkopie.Since carcinoma of the cervix is one of the most common cancers in women, screening of the cervix has acquired considerable importance. Colposcopy is a simple diagnostic method of detecting suspicious changes at an early stage. Shortcomings of this method are its low specificity and high inter- and intra-observer variability. A clinical pilot study was therefore carried out to investigate the advantages of a digital colposcopic system comprising a binocular colposcope coupled to a CCD camera and a computer. The aim of the study was to evaluate the reliability of diagnostic findings of the cervix obtained with digital colposcopy in comparison with standard binocular colposcopy, and to assess its suitability for telematic applications (teleconsultation, telediagnostics, treaching).A total of 315 patients were examined and statistically analysed. The patients were first submitted to a conventional colposcopic examination and a diagnosis was established. During the colposcopic examination camera images were stored on a computer, on the basis of which a second physician experienced in colposcopy reviewed the initial diagnosis. The primary and secondary findings of each patient were classified into 4 categories and compared following the Rome classification system. Agreement between the primary and secondary diagnosis was established in 69 of the cases ( = 0.60 0.03). No bias was observed in terms of under- or overrating. The percentage of non-assessable colposcopic examinations was 9.2. Digital colposcopy is therefore suitable for reproducing diagnostic findings on the computer, given adequate digital image quality and a suitable classification model. The method has clear advantages with regard to follow-up, internal quality control of the diagnosis, and the training and further education of physicians and students. In the future, telecolposcopy may open up new opportunities in gynaecology.

Skn-1a is a POU transcription factor that is primarily expressed in the epidermis and is known to modulate the expression of several genes associated with keratinocyte differentiation. However, the formation of a stratified epidermis requires a carefully controlled balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and a role for Skn-1a in this process has not been previously demonstrated. Here, our results show, surprisingly, that human Skn-1a contributes to epidermal stratification by primarily promoting keratinocyte proliferation and secondarily by enhancing the subsequent keratinocyte differentiation. In organotypic raft cultures of both primary human keratinocytes and immortalized HaCaT keratinocytes, human Skn-1a expression is associated with increased keratinocyte proliferation and re-epithelialization of the dermal substrates, resulting in increased numbers of keratinocytes available for the differentiation process. In these same raft cultures, human Skn-1a expression enhances the phenotypic changes of keratinocyte differentiation and the upregulated expression of keratinocyte differentiation genes. Conversely, expression of a dominant negative human Skn-1a transcription factor lacking the C-terminal transactivation domain blocks keratinocytes from proliferating and stratifying. Keratinocyte stratification is dependent on a precise balance between keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, and our results suggest that human Skn-1a has an important role in maintaining epidermal homeostasis by promoting keratinocyte proliferation.

Peroxisomal proteins are post-translationally imported into peroxisomes after recognition by specific receptors. The best-defined peroxisomal targeting signal is a C-terminal tripeptide SKL. Different functional variants of this tripeptide have been defined, but mutants with a SKI sequence were recognized as being inefficiently targeted to peroxisomes. Recently, we have cloned a cDNA for the mouse hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Hao1), a protein that seems to be localized in peroxisomes. Interestingly, the mouse Hao1 sequence comprises a C-terminal SKI tripeptide. We have analyzed the subcellular localization of Hao1 and tested whether its SKI sequence acts as a targeting signal. Ltk(-) and Cos-7 cells were transfected with vectors expressing a fusion protein of green fluorescence protein and Hao1, as well as mutants thereof. Targeting to peroxisomes of the fusion protein with the wild-type SKI sequence was highly selective and as complete as with the peroxisome-specific SKL sequence. By contrast, targeting was lost in a mutant with the sequence CKM. The data show that mammalian Hao1 is a peroxisomal protein and that the C-terminal sequence SKI acts as the targeting signal.

The cellular distribution of two glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and a trans-membrane protein and the compartments involved in their trafficking were investigated in the insect stage of Leishmania mexicana, which belongs to the phylogenetically old protozoan family Trypanosomatidae. Electron microscopy of sections from high-pressure frozen and freeze-substituted cells allowed a detailed description of exo- and endocytic structures located in the vesicle-rich, densely packed anterior part of the spindle-shaped cell. A complex of tubular clusters/translucent vesicles is the prominent structure between the trans-side of the single Golgi apparatus and the flagellar pocket, the only site of endo- and exocytosis. A tubulovesicular compartment lined by one or two distinct microtubules and extending along the length of the cell is proposed to be a post-Golgi and probably late endosomal/lysosomal compartment. Using biotinylation experiments, FACS analysis and quantitative immunoelectron microscopy it was found that, at comparable expression levels, 73-75% of the two GPI-anchored proteins but only 13% of the trans-membrane protein are located on the cell surface. The tubulovesicular compartment contains 46%, the ER 5%, the Golgi complex 1.9% and the tubular cluster/translucent vesicle complex 3.6% of the intracellular fraction of the GPI-anchored protease, GP63. The density of GP63 was found to be 23-fold higher on the plasma/flagellar pocket membrane than on the ER and about tenfold higher than on membranes of the Golgi complex or of endo- or exocytic vesicles. These results indicate that there is a considerable concentration gradient of GPI-anchored proteins between the plasma/flagellar pocket membrane and the ER as well as structures involved in exo- or endocytosis. Possible mechanisms how this concentration gradient is established are discussed.

Just as Uber Eats and Grubhub revolutionized food delivery, Black tech entrepreneurs want to change the way patients connect with doctors. They are using technology to match people of color with culturally competent professionals and the transportation they need to get to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mammalian lipoxygenases have been implicated in inflammation and atherosclerosis and, thus, lipoxygenase inhibitors may be of pharmacological interest. In cells, lipoxygenases occur in a catalytically silent ground state that requires activation to become active. We found that the seleno-organic drug ebselen [2-phenyl-1, 2-benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one], which exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, irreversibly inhibited pure rabbit 15-lipoxygenase, with an IC50 in the nM range when preincubated with the enzyme in the absence of fatty acid substrates. Subsequent dialysis, gel filtration, or substrate addition did not restore the enzyme activity, and experiments with [14C]ebselen indicated a covalent linkage of the drug. The presence of sulfhydryl compounds in the incubation mixture prevented both enzyme labeling and inactivation, but we did not see any reactivation when sulfhydryl compounds were added afterward. X-ray absorption studies indicated that ebselen did alter the geometry of the iron ligand sphere, and the data are consistent with an iron complexation by the drug. When fatty acid substrate was present during lipoxygenase-ebselen interaction, the inhibitory potency was strongly reduced and a competitive mode of action was observed. These data suggest that ebselen inactivated the catalytically silent ground-state lipoxygenase irreversibly by covalent linkage and alteration of the iron ligand sphere. In contrast, it functions as a competitive inhibitor of the catalytically active enzyme species. The pharmacological relevance of ebselen as a potential in vivo lipoxygenase inhibitor will be discussed.

Mutations of the glycoprotein rBAT cause cystinuria type I, an autosomal recessive failure of dibasic amino acid transport (b(0,+) type) across luminal membranes of intestine and kidney cells. Here we identify the permease-like protein b(0,+)AT as the catalytic subunit that associates by a disulfide bond with rBAT to form a hetero-oligomeric b(0,+) amino acid transporter complex. We demonstrate its b(0,+)-type amino acid transport kinetics using a heterodimeric fusion construct and show its luminal brush border localization in kidney proximal tubule. These biochemical, transport, and localization characteristics as well as the chromosomal localization on 19q support the notion that the b(0,+)AT protein is the product of the gene defective in non-type I cystinuria.

Acetolactate synthase (ALS) is the first common enzyme in the biosynthesis of L-leucine, L-isoleucine, and L-valine. Triazolopyrimidine sulfonamide (TP) is a mixed-type inhibitor of ALS with respect to both pyruvate and thiamine pyrophosphate. In this study, we synthesized new substituted quinoline-linked TP analogues and several TP analogues which contained either unsubstituted aminoquinolines or amino isoquinolines. In addition, we examined the interactions of both the wild-type and the sulfonylurea-resistant recombinant tobacco ALS enzymes in a highly pure and active form with the quinoline-linked TP analogues, respectively. The wild-type tobacco ALS was extremely sensitive to inhibition by the quinoline-linked TP analogues. In contrast, the mutant tobacco ALS was insensitive to both the quinoline-linked triazolopyrimidine and the sulfonylurea herbicides. The results indicate that the ability of the quinoline-linked TP analogues to inhibit ALS is highly sensitive to substitution at the ortho position (C-7) and to the position of the ring nitrogen around the sulfonamide functionality (C-8).

A year into the pandemic, telehealth has become widely accepted. Some states are now looking to make permanent the measures that have fueled its growth. But with it have come some unintended consequences, such as a rise in fraud, potential access problems for vulnerable groups and conflicts between out-of-state and in-state health providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paid even less than low-wage doctors' scribes in the United States, remote note takers in India gain a foothold in a rapidly expanding industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Newly released employment data underscores the lingering toll the pandemic has taken on a range of outpatient services in California and across the U.S., from pediatric and family medical practices to dental offices, medical labs and home health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Off-duty medical professionals joined protests in Denver and elsewhere sparked by George Floyd's death to treat injured protesters, risking injury themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

America's healthcare workers are dying. In some states, medical staff account for as many as 20% of known coronavirus cases. They tend to patients in hospitals, treating them, serving them food and cleaning their rooms. These are some of the first tragic cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of consistent, reliable and regularly updated information on the key measures of this outbreak is startling. In an era when we get flash-flood warnings on phones and weekly influenza statistics from every state, why are data on the new coronavirus so limited? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]