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Background: Knee orthoses have been extensively used as a nonsurgical approach to improving knee deficiencies. Currently, arthritic knee conditions remain the leading cause of disability, and this number is expected to increase. As the use of knee orthoses varies widely, so has their effectiveness which is still largely debatable. Here, we present the functions and effectiveness of the three most prominent knee orthotic models dedicated to supporting knee osteoarthritis—unloader, patellofemoral, and knee sleeves. Purpose/Research Question: Considering the depth and diversity of the many clinical studies and documented laboratory reports published to date, this literature review was created to educate the clinician, patient, and researcher on common knee orthoses used for the management of arthritic knee conditions. In doing so, we discuss their design, biomechanical effects, and clinical efficacy, as well as broader outcomes, limitations, and recommendations for use. Results/Synthesis: The knee orthoses discussed within the scope of this paper are dedicated to protecting the knee against strenuous compressive loads that may affect the patellofemoral and tibiofemoral joints of the knee. Since the knee has multiple axes of motion and articulating surfaces that experience different loads during functional activities, it can be implied that, to a large extent, knee brace designs can differ drastically. Unloader knee orthoses are designed to decrease tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint pressures. Patellofemoral knee orthoses are designed to decrease strain on the patellofemoral and quadriceps tendons while stabilizing the patella. Knee sleeves are designed to stabilize movements, reduce pain in joints, and improve proprioception across the knee joint. Conclusion: Although patients often report benefits from wearing braces, these benefits have not been confirmed by clinicians and scientific investigators. Results from these three orthosis types show that clinical efficacy is still elusive due to the different methodologies used by researchers. Layman Summary: Knee orthoses also referred to as knee brace are commonly used for support and stability of the knee. Unloader knee braces are designed to relieve and support those suffering from knee osteoarthritis by improving physical impairment and reducing pain. Patellofemoral knee braces aim to help patients manage patellofemoral pain syndrome. Rehabilitative compression sleeves, also known as knee sleeves, are often used to assist patients suffering from knee pain and laxity. Important findings on the three knee braces discussed show discrepancies in results. Their effectiveness and validity are yet to be understood.

If you have been on any healthcare industry calls recently, the topic of workforce probably came up. We are in the midst of a staffing crisis that jeopardizes the health [...]

Purpose: The current booming development of smart cities poses new requirements and challenges for their internal infrastructure development. This article aims to explore the questions of: What is the level of social sustainability of smart city infrastructure today? and What are the core contents and paths to improve this level? Design/methodology/approach: With the theme of public participation in the social sustainability evaluation of smart city infrastructure in the context of big data, this study mainly makes a systematic literature review of the Web of Science's Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index databases. After collection and screening, 199 documents were finally obtained. Findings: It is found that the level of social sustainability of smart city infrastructure is still low, and public participation can provide solutions to the difficulties and challenges involved in its development, while big data technology can broaden the channels for public participation and promote the development of smart city-related components in the process, including smart city infrastructure. Originality/value: This article summarizes the internal mechanisms of smart cities at the theoretical level and analyzes the social sustainable development of smart city infrastructure. In practice, the shortcomings in this field are identified and suggestions are provided on how to carry out digital public participation, which has practical reference value.

The changing lifestyles of today's consumers--eating trends, eating habits and eating occasions--has led to a need for packaging that goes beyond just protecting the product. To drive growth and profitability, [...]

The article discusses the benefits and increasing popularity of solo travel and activities. The author shares her personal experience of traveling alone and highlights the freedom and self-discovery that can come from taking time for oneself. The article also mentions the rise in solo travel since the pandemic and provides tips for enjoying solo activities such as hiking, dining out, and visiting spas. Psychologists suggest that solitude can have positive effects on well-being and personal growth. The article encourages readers to embrace solitude and offers suggestions for solo experiences. [Extracted from the article]

When Kermit Westergaard and his wife Azadeh moved to Ridgewood from Williamsburg, Brooklyn in the summer of 2007 it looked like any other working-class neighborhood in Queens. Westergaard, a native [...]

Digitally developed and virtually provided midwifery education has gathered momentum as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Preparing students for professional practice in a virtual environment creates challenges and creative opportunities for midwifery educators. Course designs and structures have been adapted to enable students to gain knowledge and experience of practicing in a virtual environment and approaches to assessment have also required adaptation. This article outlines how observed simulated clinical examinations were modified in conjunction with stakeholders from clinical practice and the breastfeeding community to ensure that they aligned with the local reality of virtual infant feeding support. Collaboration was required to ensure that the reality of student's experiences was captured in the assessment process. Challenges encountered included being sensitive to the fluidity of the clinical setting and ensuring that scenarios were relevant and created a sufficient challenge for students. Mitigating against students' concerns regarding virtual simulated clinical assessment should be incorporated into future adaptations of educational interventions and assessments.

ABSTRACTDecades of advocacy have established Counseling as a valuable profession through Counselingaccreditation, credentialing, licensure, and scholarship that reflect Counselingvalues, ethics, philosophical orientation, skills, and roles. In 2022, Counselors became recognized Medicare providers and anticipated inter-state practice through the Counseling Compact. We encourage Professional Counselors to foresee unintended consequences of new opportunities, protect Professional Counselor Identity and transprofessional collaborations, and remain vigilant to not lose the hard-earned privilege to uniquely serve as Professional Counselors.

Background: Knee orthoses have been extensively used as a conservative approach in protecting the knee against injury and treating knee deficiencies. In this review, we present three categories of knee orthotic models dedicated to supporting ligament tissues, stabilizing the knee, restricting abnormal displacement, and augmenting the knee joint. Prophylactic knee orthoses are the lateral knee guard worn by athletes taking part in contact sports to protect against valgus stresses on the MCL. Functional knee braces are a class of knee orthoses designed for corrective action after an injury has occurred, while rehabilitative knee braces are worn in postoperative recovery, to protect the healing ligaments and meniscus from any reinjury. The effectiveness of prophylactic knee braces on MCL injuries varies widely among users; more so, functional knee braces help athletes during both the early and late stages of postoperative recovery. Generally, knee braces are considered a potential cost saving approach in treating knee-related injuries, considering the ever-increasing healthcare cost associated with knee surgeries and rehabilitation programs. Purpose/Research Question: Many clinical results and experimental studies published up-to-date on knee braces remain largely inconclusive on their clinical efficacy, nonetheless, making it challenging for clinicians to recommend their use to for patients. This review offers to discuss three types of knee orthoses, namely prophylactic, functional, and rehabilitative. In this review, we aim to provide a detailed account of different knee bracing solutions to educate the clinician, patient, and the researcher on common knee orthoses used for the management of ligament injuries and knee instabilities. In doing so, we discuss the most significant question regarding their clinical efficacy, duration of use, and whether postoperative functional bracing during rehabilitation is effective.  Results/Synthesis: This reports indicated that discrepancies in the effectiveness and benefits of prophylactic knee brace have led to issues with its generalizability and recommendation about continuous use, which have remained unfavorable. Prophylactic braces can be presumed anecdotal with little to no scientific support, though their earlier use claims to decrease knee injuries. Theoretically, functional knee braces impart stability to the knee joint during rotation or when anteroposterior movement is a concern or the need for support after an ACL injury repair. Functional knee braces aim to correct valgus and varus misalignment—generally utilizing an external valgus force to reduce load on the medial compartment of the knee joint. A series of studies that investigated subjective and clinical assessments of ligamentous injuries in ACL-deficient subjects using functional knee braces showed mixed results. Rehabilitative knee braces are typically used to protect healing ligamentous grafts after ACL reconstruction, typically for no longer than few months due to their cumbersome nature. Rehabilitative braces are beneficial for their protective effect during the early stages of postoperative recovery through their restriction of range of motion. Conclusion: Important findings on the three knee orthotic models indicated mixed results. The clinical efficacy as well as their validity are yet to be understood due to different approaches being employed by investigators. Layman Summary: Knee orthoses also known as knee braces are commonly used for knee support and stability. The types of knee braces discussed in this review aim to protect the medial collateral ligament and anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint from adverse conditions. These categories of knee braces augment the knee against ligament injuries, meniscus tear, muscle laxity, and knee instability. Prophylactic knee braces are designed to protect the knee and are frequently worn by athletes involved in contact or high-impact sports that predisposed the knee to potential injuries.

Nature, though usually my best friend, has sometimes been my nemesis: While backpacking in Africa, I had a heart-stopping stare-down with an angry lion. In Alaska, I was charged by [...]

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-618X.2010.01160.x Byline: T. Heather Herdman (1), Gunn von Krogh (2), Geralyn Meyer (3,4), Arlene T. Farren (5), Sue Moorhead (6) Author Affiliation: (1)Executive Director,NANDA-Internationalexecdir@nanda.org (2)Chair,Taxonomy Committee NANDA-Igunnvon.krogh@su.hio.no (3)Chairperson,Diagnosis Development CommitteeDDC@nanda.org (4)Associate Professor of NursingSaint Louis University School of NursingSt. Louis, MO, USAmeyerga@slu.edu (5)Assistant Professor of Nursing,College of Staten IslandStaten Island, NY, USAfarren@mail.csi.cuny.edu (6)Associate Professor & Director, Center for Nursing Classification and Clinical EffectivenessUniversity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242sue-moorhead@uiowa.edu

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A study was conducted which reported the development of molecular inversion probe technology with four-color, single array detection, applied to large-scale genotyping of up to 12,000 SNPs per reaction. Results of the study demonstrate the suitability of the technology for comprehensive association studies that use targeted SNPs in indirect linkage disequilibrium studies or that directly look for causative mutations.

Chaplains must document their ministry of care in electronic health records that primarily focus on the physical dimension of care. Creating chaplain documentation that reflects the spiritual dimension of care requires chaplains to participate in the screen design. This article describes how chaplain documentation was designed and refined using psychometric methods. The resulting system successfully supported chaplain workflow, provided an ability to aggregate chaplain workload, and integrated the chaplain into the interprofessional team by structuring, linking, and sharing both the chaplain and nursing assessment of spiritual distress in the electronic health record. Documentation used 5-point Likert scales to measure different dimensions of patient spirituality. Reliability and validity were further evaluated as part of a workshop at an Association of Professional Chaplains annual meeting. Findings supported interrater reliability and the ability to predict and discriminate change pre and post encounter. Documentation screen content is presented.

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Houston Industries has renovated the high-rise Houston Industries Plaza in an effort to reposition the company in the real estate market. One of the significant changes in the design is the 63-foot extension with a oculus on top of the building.

A typology was developed in order to show the pertinence of the groupthink theory created by Janis (1972) to the self-managing teams (SMTs) existing in the 21st century. The characteristics of SMTs such as task assignment, skill requirements, and cohesion can make them prone to the negative effects of groupthink. Methods for avoiding groupthink in SMTs include the creation of effective decision making norms, technical and leadership training, and better external environment interaction.

Byline: John C Moorhead, Robert W Schafermeyer, Colin C Rorrie Abstract: The goal of workforce planning should be to match the supply of providers with the nation's demand. Whatever workforce planning process evolves, it will be necessary for the specialty to portray accurately our workforce needs. Because this portrait requires a clear understanding of the development of and funding mechanisms for graduate medical education and specific data describing both the supply and demand for emergency physicians, we address these issues. [Moorhead JC, Schafermeyer RW, Rorrie CC Jr: Key issues in emergency medicine workforce planning. Ann Emerg Med December 1997;30:765-772.] Article Note: (footnote) [star] From the Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR;* the Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC;a and the American College of Emergency Physicians, Irving, TX.As. , [star][star] Reprint no. 47/1/86526 , a Address for reprints: John C Moorhead, MD, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201-3098

The Nursing Interventions Classification system can be used to standardize the language of nonstandardized nursing orders. Most nursing interventions and patient outcomes are not standardized, but uniform language would help quantify the efficacy of nursing to health care. Data drawn from a Midwestern community hospital's database support this conclusion.

The Nursing Interventions Classification system was found to be an effective tool in determining how to best support across-site comparisons of nursing treatments. Once mapped for the purposes of comparison, nursing orders can be examined for collective and communicative analysis. This kind of mapping can foster collaborative efforts among health care practitioners, educators, and researchers.

There appear to be some characteristic patterns in the histories of teenagers who run away which signal a need for more preventative research for at-risk children. Seventy-eight runaway teenagers were interviewed and completed questionnaires about their criminal history, abuse and stressful life experiences, sexual activity, and number of school suspensions. Seventy percent of the participants had been abused, 60% were sexually active, and 33% had been arrested.

Description: The 650-square-foot TeenZone (TZ) is designed as a physically separated area located in the northeast portion of the Rockridge Library in Oakland, California. Constructed within the existing library footprint, [...]

Lake/Flato Architects designed the library for a community in San Antonio, TX. The library is a one-storey structure with alternating bays of reading areas and book storage areas. Materials such as galvanized metal and natural stone lend a rural look to the building.