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• A novel compound, La 3 Mg 2 SbO 9 (LMS), was synthesized for the first time and utilized as the host material for Mn4+-doped phosphors. The dual functionality of the phosphor in temperature and pressure sensing applications was explored. • A comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms underlying the LMS:Mn4+ phosphor's temperature response at both low and high temperatures was conducted. Utilizing a lifetime-based readout method, excellent thermometric performance was achieved, with a sensitivity of 2.52 % K−1 at 391 K. • In the application of luminescent manometry, the LMS:Mn4+ phosphor demonstrates not only high pressure sensitivity (Sr = 1.20 nm/GPa, which is about 3.3 times that of the conventional ruby probe) but also excellent resistance to pressure-induced spectral broadening (FWHM remained 37 nm at 9.48 GPa). The principle of stress-induced spectral redshift in LMS:Mn4+ phosphor has also been discussed. Photoluminescent materials, serving as optical probes, constitute a significant medium for reliable remote sensing of fundamental state parameters such as temperature and pressure. Herein, we report a novel Mn4+-activated perovskite-type La 3 Mg 2 SbO 9 phosphor (LMS:Mn4+) for bifunctional application in both thermometry and manometry. Upon excitation with 341 nm, LMS:Mn4+ (0.7 % Mn4+) emits a bright narrow-band red light peaking at 705 nm with an FWHM (full width at half maximum) of 32 nm. As a thermometer, when the temperature surpasses 298 K, non-radiative transitions from the 2E g excited state lead to a sharp decrease in decay lifetimes with increasing temperature. This allows for lifetime-based luminescence thermometry with a relative sensitivity of 2.52 % K−1 at 391 K. Moreover, LMS:Mn4+ was processed into a temperature-sensing coating and its non-contact thermometry functionality was validated. In manometry applications, the LMS:Mn4+ probe experiences substantial pressure-dependent redshift with a sensitivity of 1.20 nm GPa−1 in the testing range of 9.48 GPa, which is about 3.3 times that of conventional ruby probes. Furthermore, its FWHM consistently remains below 37 nm, which contributes to a high reliability of pressure measurements. The above results indicate that the LMS:Mn4+ constitutes a promising bifunctional luminescence probe material in thermometry and manometry. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• RE-doped BaNb 2 O 6 transparent glass ceramics (GCs) were fabricated firstly. • Realizing three-mode Up-conversion optical thermometry in the GCs. • The maximum S r-max and S a-max can reach 2.30% K–1 and 6.71‰ K–1. • Achieving high W d of 0.99 J cm–3 and high P d of 225.3 MW cm–3. • Multifunctional GCs can be used in optical sensing and energy storage fields. In order to meet the needs of new materials gradually developing towards miniaturization, integration, and light weight, multifunctional BaNb 2 O 6 : Yb3+/Er3+/Tm3+ transparent glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by melt quenching and controllable crystallization. Its structure, luminescence, and energy transmission were studied. Using the opposite temperature dependence of the Tm3+ emission band and the corresponding large energy level gap, a maximum relative sensitivity of 2.3% K–1 based on thermal coupling levels (TCLs) is obtained in a wide temperature range (298–673 K). The multi-ratio optical thermometry based on TCLs and non-TCLs is successfully realized by using the different emission bands of double emission centers, which makes it possible for self-reference optical temperature measurement modes. In addition, the transparent glass-ceramic exhibits excellent electrical properties under 700 kV cm–1 electric field: high discharge energy density (W d = 0.99 J cm–3), huge instantaneous power density (225.3 MW cm–3), and ultra-fast discharge rate (T 0.9 ≤ 15.8 ns). The prepared glass-ceramic is expected to be a new type of lead-free multifunctional photoelectric material for temperature sensors and transparent electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A patent has been issued for a method and system for ultrasound-induced hyperthermia with microwave thermometry feedback. The invention aims to use low-intensity ultrasound for inducing hyperthermia in biological tissue and passive microwave radiometry for sensing the temperature of the tissue. This system offers a preferable alternative to current methods that use microwave energy, as ultrasound is non-electromagnetic and does not disrupt electronics. The ultrasound-based hyperthermia therapy system can provide controlled and focused heat delivery at a lower cost than current systems, and it can be used to treat various maladies below the skin surface. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Changchun Normal University in China have published a study on the preparation and characterization of nanocrystals. The study focused on zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) nanocrystals doped with Eu3+ or Ti4+/Eu3+ ions. The researchers found that the nanocrystals were primarily of a tetragonal phase and contained some naturally present Ti4+ ions and carbon impurities. The study also demonstrated that the nanocrystals could be used as optical thermometric materials. This research has potential applications in fields such as micro/nano-electronics, integrated photonics, and biomedicine. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Moldova aimed to evaluate the clinical value of non-contact foot thermometry in diagnosing acute limb ischemia. The study involved 147 patients with acute limb ischemia who underwent urgent revascularization. The researchers found that patients with more severe ischemia had lower foot temperatures and larger temperature gradients between the foot and forehead. They concluded that severe foot poikilothermy at admission is associated with poor outcomes, including limb loss, following revascularization. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Polish Academy of Sciences discusses the development of a biocompatible luminescent thermometer using nanoparticles. The researchers focused on MgTiO3:Cr3+, Nd3+@SiO2 particles, which demonstrated high sensitivity and low cytotoxicity. The introduction of dopants enabled the observation of luminescence, and the difference in thermal quenching rates allowed for ratiometric thermometers. The addition of a SiO2 shell did not significantly affect the performance of the thermometer. This research has potential applications in biomedicine. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Hebei University in Baoding, China have developed a new method for ultrasensitive colorimetric luminescence thermometry. By controlling the phase transition in lanthanide-doped LiYO2 crystals, the researchers were able to achieve programmable luminescence color switching at specific temperatures. This advancement in optical thermometry offers superior sensitivity and resolution, making it ideal for personalized health monitoring and intelligent wearable devices. The research was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province, Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Bohai University in Jinzhou, China discusses the synthesis of rectangular cross-sectional Nd3+/Yb3+ co-doped AlN nanorods using an arc discharge method. The nanorods exhibit strong up-conversion emission and are suitable for high-sensitivity optical thermometry. The research concludes that this work provides an efficient method for synthesizing wide-band gap semiconductors with doped size-mismatched functional atoms for optical thermometry. The study was supported by various funding sources and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

The history of subduction below the Aegean region and western Anatolia is hampered by a lack of comprehension of the correlations between the Cyclades and the Menderes Massif. The Dodecanese Archipelago, which is critical for this discussion, has received very little attention so far. This study is focused on the island of Leros, where two tectonometamorphic units can be observed: the upper Marina unit and the lower Temenia unit. The field study, including new field mapping and structural observations, reveals that the Temenia unit has been exhumed under the Marina unit through a top-to-the-NE ductile shearing followed by a top-to-the-SW brittle deformation cutting the Temenia-Marina contact. The description of metamorphic aragonite and blue amphibole, complemented by Raman spectroscopy on carbonaceous material (RSCM) thermometry, reveals that the Temenia unit has been buried to at least 20 km depth along a cold metamorphic gradient. In terms of lithology and palaeogeographical affinities, the cover of the Marina unit is similar to the Lycian Nappes, which rest on top of the Menderes Massif and belong to the northern margin of the Pelagonian domain. The Temenia unit can then be compared with the Lower Cycladic Blueschists Nappe, which could in turn be correlated with the cover of the Menderes Massif, which has also recorded an HP-LT metamorphic overprint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Windsor in Canada explores the use of luminescence thermometry as an alternative to conventional thermometers for measuring temperature with high accuracy and precision. The review discusses the advancements in developing luminescent materials for temperature sensing and thermometry, including lanthanides doped materials, quantum dots, and organic fluorophores. The researchers conclude that the review provides new insights into identifying appropriate luminescent materials for luminescence thermometry. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in Applied Materials Today. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of California San Francisco (UCSF) aimed to evaluate the safety of T2-weighted Single Shot Fast Spin Echo (SSFSE) scans at 3 Tesla (3T) for imaging fetal brains. The researchers used magnetic resonance (MR) thermometry to measure relative temperature changes in fetal brains during the scans. The study included 31 fetuses with cardiac abnormalities and 20 healthy controls. The results showed that the estimated relative temperature changes of the fetal brain compared to the mother's gluteal tissue from radio frequency (RF) pulses during the scans were minimal and within FDA limits, indicating that fetal brain imaging at 3T is safe. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Health and Medicine; Magnetic Resonance EN Health and Medicine Magnetic Resonance 6517 6517 1 11/06/23 20231110 NES 231110 2023 NOV 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Researchers detail new data in agriculture. According to the news editors, the research concluded: "Non-invasive, radiation-free measurements of BAT temperature by MRI with hyperpolarized 129Xe may enable longitudinal monitoring of human BAT activity under various stimulatory conditions.". [Extracted from the article]

Keywords for this news article include: Hebei, People's Republic of China, Asia, Health and Medicine, Hypothermia, Surgery, Hebei Medical University. Keywords: Hebei; People's Republic of China; Asia; Health and Medicine; Hypothermia; Surgery EN Hebei People's Republic of China Asia Health and Medicine Hypothermia Surgery 1619 1619 1 10/30/23 20231103 NES 231103 2023 NOV 5 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Devices & Surgical Technology Week -- Investigators publish new report on Hypothermia. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Cardiology; Cardiovascular Medicine; Health and Medicine EN Cardiology Cardiovascular Medicine Health and Medicine 426 426 1 10/16/23 20231016 NES 231016 2023 OCT 16 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- Researchers detail new data in cardiovascular medicine. Keywords for this news article include: King's College London, London, United Kingdom, Europe, Cardiology, Health and Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Moscow; Russia; Biotechnology; Nickel; Transition Elements EN Moscow Russia Biotechnology Nickel Transition Elements 462 462 1 10/03/23 20231005 NES 231005 2023 OCT 5 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Blood Weekly -- A new study on Biotechnology is now available. The news correspondents obtained a quote from the research from the Russian Academy of Sciences, "One such defect is nickel-related color centers that radiate in the near-infrared range (1.4 eV Ni centers), but have not yet been sufficiently investigated. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply the Steady State Kalman Filter for temperature measurements of tissues via magnetic resonance thermometry. Instead of using classical direct inversion, a methodology is proposed that couples the magnetic resonance thermometry with the bioheat transfer problem and the local temperatures can be identified through the solution of a state estimation problem.Design/methodology/approach Heat transfer in the tissues is given by Pennes’ bioheat transfer model, while the Proton Resonance Frequency (PRF)-Shift technique is used for the magnetic resonance thermometry. The problem of measuring the transient temperature field of tissues is recast as a state estimation problem and is solved through the Steady-State Kalman filter. Noisy synthetic measurements are used for testing the proposed methodology.Findings The proposed approach is more accurate for recovering the local transient temperatures from the noisy PRF-Shift measurements than the direct data inversion. The methodology used here can be applied in real time due to the reduced computational cost. Idealized test cases are examined that include the actual geometry of a forearm.Research limitations/implications The solution of the state estimation problem recovers the temperature variations in the region more accurately than the direct inversion. Besides that, the estimation of the temperature field in the region was possible with the solution of the state estimation problem via the Steady-State Kalman filter, but not with the direct inversion.Practical implications The recursive equations of the Steady-State Kalman filter can be calculated in computational times smaller than the supposed physical times, thus demonstrating that the present approach can be used for real-time applications, such as in control of the heating source in the hyperthermia treatment of cancer.Originality/value The original and novel contributions of the manuscript include: formulation of the PRF-Shift thermometry as a state estimation problem, which results in reduced uncertainties of the temperature variation as compared to the classical direct inversion; estimation of the actual temperature in the region with the solution of the state estimation problem, which is not possible with the direct inversion that is limited to the identification of the temperature variation; solution of the state estimation problem with the Steady-State Kalman filter, which allows for fast computations and real-time calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Early diagnosis of wound complications would facilitate treatment decision-making for healthcare professionals, thus improving the management of resources related to chronic wounds." Keywords: Clinical Research; Clinical Trials and Studies; Health and Medicine EN Clinical Research Clinical Trials and Studies Health and Medicine 804 804 1 07/10/23 20230710 NES 230710 2023 JUL 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Clinical Trials Week -- A new study on agriculture is now available. [Extracted from the article]

"Currently, while there exists systems and methods for the delivery of heat energy to a sub-dermal tumor, there is need in the art for a system and method of clinical thermometry that complements hyperthermia therapy treatments and can non-invasively provide temperature data to the clinician administering the hyperthermia therapy treatment. The non-invasive thermometry system of claim 1 further configured to interface with a treatment head, wherein the dynamically reporting the comparing further comprises sending an instruction to modify a treatment head performance value of the treatment head. The non-invasive thermometry system of claim 1 further comprising at least two sensor devices where a first sensor device is configured to capture data substantially at a treatment location and a second sensor device is configured to capture data substantially orthogonally to the treatment location. News editors obtained the following quote from the background information supplied by the inventors: "Hyperthermia therapy is the use of heat either alone or to enhance other cancer treatment methods such as chemotherapy. [Extracted from the article]

"It is another object of this invention to provide a thermometry apparatus used during hyperthermia therapy that is associated with a faster set-up time that what is currently known in the art. "It is another object of this invention to provide a thermometry apparatus for use during hyperthermia therapy that is less prone to human error. "Currently, while there exists different apparatus and methods for the measurement of heat energy delivered to a sub-dermal tumor, there is a need in the art for an apparatus adapted for use in hyperthermia therapy that complements hyperthermia therapy treatments and can non-invasively provide temperature data to the clinician administering the hyperthermia therapy treatment. Additionally, the invention improves the efficiency, repeatability, and resolution of the thermometry with the aim of improving patient comfort and reducing non-treatment time spent in the overall treatment process of hyperthermia therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Helsinki; Finland; Europe; Anesthesia; Angiology; Cardiac Surgery; Cardiology; Carotid Artery; Craniotomy; Health and Medicine; Neurosurgical Procedures; Pain Medicine; Surgery; Surgical Procedures EN Helsinki Finland Europe Anesthesia Angiology Cardiac Surgery Cardiology Carotid Artery Craniotomy Health and Medicine Neurosurgical Procedures Pain Medicine Surgery Surgical Procedures 201 201 1 04/10/23 20230410 NES 230410 2023 APR 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- Fresh data on Surgery - Craniotomy are presented in a new report. Helsinki, Finland, Europe, Anesthesia, Angiology, Cardiac Surgery, Cardiology, Carotid Artery, Craniotomy, Health and Medicine, Neurosurgical Procedures, Pain Medicine, Surgery, Surgical Procedures. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the conical-shaped compensator applied to infrared (IR) thermometry for planar materials.Design/methodology/approach The compensator for the IR thermometry system has been analyzed by means of numerical simulations performed in a commercial finite element analysis tool. Afterwards, the characteristics of a final system have been proposed. The simulation results have been validated by means of experimental measurements performed in a prototype of the proposed system.Findings The proposed conical shape geometry of the compensator is suitable to reduce the errors associated with the temperature estimation by IR thermometry when emissivity of the material is not known with adequate accuracy.Practical implications This work proposed an arrangement of conical-shaped compensator to increase the precision in the IR radiation thermometry of planar materials.Originality/value In this paper, the conical shape geometry is proposed instead of the classical semi-spherical geometry for the compensator of an IR radiation thermometry system with the purpose of reducing the thickness of the complete system. This new proposal can be advantageous when geometrical constraints are imposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Emerging Technologies; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology; Nanothermometers EN Emerging Technologies Nanoparticles Nanotechnology Nanothermometers 407 407 1 03/23/23 20230317 NES 230317 2023 MAR 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New study results on nanothermometers have been published. Keywords for this news article include: University of Padova, Padova, Italy, Europe, Nanoparticles, Nanotechnology, Nanothermometers, Emerging Technologies. In this study, the Raman technique was exploited for the determination of the local temperature as a non-contact technique and titania nanoparticles (NPs) were tested as nanothermometer Raman active material. [Extracted from the article]

The thermometry precision of a sample is a question of both fundamental and technological importance. In this paper, we consider a ring-structure system as our probe to estimate the temperature of a bath. Based on the Markovian master equation of the probe, we calculate the quantum Fisher information (QFI) of the probe at any time. We find that for the thermal equilibrium thermometry, the ferromagnetic structure can measure a lower temperature of the bath with a higher precision compared with the nonstructure probe, while for the dynamical thermometry, the antiferromagnetic structure can make the QFI of the probe in the dynamical process much larger than that in equilibrium with the bath, which is somewhat counterintuitive. Moreover, the best accuracy for the thermometry achieved in the antiferromagnetic structure case can be much higher than that in the nonstructure case. The physical mechanisms of the above phenomena are given in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We theoretically consider noninteracting fermions confined to optical lattices and apply a lattice amplitude modulation that we choose to be either homogeneous or of superlattice geometry. We study the atom excitation rate to higher Bloch bands which can be measured by adiabatic band mapping. We find that the atom excitation rate shows a clear signature of the temperature-dependent Fermi distribution in the lowest band of the equilibrium lattice as excitations are quasimomentum resolved. Based on typical experimental parameters and incorporating a trapping potential, we find that thermometry of one- and two-dimensional systems is within the reach of present-day experiments. Our scheme is valid down to temperatures of a few percent of the hopping amplitude comparable to the Neel temperature in interacting systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doppler-limited, high-precision, molecular spectroscopy in the linear regime of interaction may refine our knowledge of the Boltzmann constant. To this end, the global uncertainty in the retrieval of the Doppler width should be reduced down to 1 part over 106, which is a rather challenging target. So far, Doppler-broadening thermometry has been mostly limited by the uncertainty associated to the line shape model that is adopted for the nonlinear least-squares fits of experimental spectra. In this paper, we deeply investigate this issue by using a very realistic and sophisticated model, known as partially correlated speed-dependent Keilson-Storer profile, to reproduce near-infrared water spectra. A global approach has been developed to fit a large number of numerically simulated spectra, testing a variety of simplified line-shape models. It turns out that the most appropriate model is the speed-dependent hard-collision profile. We demonstrate that the Doppler width can be determined with relative precision and accuracy, respectively, of 0.42 and 0.75 part per million. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temperature dependence of the asymmetry between Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering can be exploited for self-calibrating, optically based thermometry. In the context of cavity optomechanics, we observe the cavity-enhanced scattering of light interacting with the standing-wave drumhead modes of a SiiN4 membrane mechanical resonator. The ratio of the amplitude of Stokes to anti-Stokes scattered light is used to measure temperatures of optically cooled mechanical modes, down to the level of a few vibrational quanta. We demonstrate that the Raman-ratio technique allows the measurement of the physical temperature of our device over a range extending from cryogenic temperatures to within an order of magnitude of room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distinguishing hot from cold is the most primitive form of thermometry. Here we consider how well this task can be performed using a single qubit to distinguish between two different temperatures of a bosonic bath. In this simple setting, we find that letting the qubit equilibrate with the bath is not optimal, and depending on the interaction time it may be advantageous for the qubit to start in a state with some quantum coherence. We also briefly consider the case that the qubit is initially entangled with a second qubit that is not put into contact with the bath and show that entanglement allows for even better thermometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ground-based infrared thermometry has been used as a tool to provide a non-invasive method to detect crop water stress and schedule irrigations. However, studies are limited on the use of infrared thermometry for irrigation scheduling with variable rate irrigation (VRI) systems. This study describes preliminary results of a wireless network of infrared thermometers (IRTs) integrated with a commercial VRI system to build dynamic prescription maps, and automatically control site-specific irrigation scheduling for cotton. A center pivot field was divided into manual and automatic- irrigation scheduling treatment plots. Measured lint yield, crop water use, crop water use efficiency, and irrigation water use efficiency were compared between the two irrigation-scheduling methods at three irrigation treatment levels (75%, 50%, and 25% of full as defined by either replenishment of crop water use to field capacity or by the equivalent threshold for the IRT sensor crop water stress). Lint yields were not significantly different between the manually and automatically controlled plots at the 75% irrigation treatment (1612 and 1621 lb ac-1) and 50% irrigation treatment (1300 and 1460 lb ac-1) levels, respectively. However, at the 25% treatment level, twice the amount of irrigation was applied to the automatically controlled plots compared with manually irrigated treatment plots. These preliminary results demonstrate that it is plausible to use a plant feedback system based on infrared thermometry to control a VRI system to achieve site-specific irrigation scheduling for cotton at reasonable deficit irrigation levels. However, maintaining automatic deficit irrigation at a level equivalent to 25% of crop water use to field capacity would require further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe an implementation of Doppler broadening thermometry based upon a room-temperature continuous-wave quantum cascade laser at 9.07 µm, coherently phase locked to a thulium optical frequency comb centered at 2 µm. The thermodynamic temperature is retrieved from the analysis of multiple-line absorption spectra of the NH3 v2 band, adopting semiclassical line-shape models and taking into full account the speed dependence of collisional broadening. We demonstrate that a precision of approximately five parts over 105 can be reached as a result of the analysis of only 90 absorption spectra, as acquired as a function of the gas pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increased consciousness of the reliance on conventional patterns of energy at the advent of the 21st century has stimulated an increasing interest in sustainable development and renewable energies, such as photovoltaic systems. The overall efficiency of such systems is strongly affected by specific degradation modes that should be detected and diagnosed by applying responsible monitoring techniques. This study focuses on the effect of hot-spot heating, a discontinuity that is commonly reported during an integrated photo- voltaic system's lifetime operation. In the presented approach, thermal images of an operating photovoltaic array, obtained by field infrared thermographic measurements, were analyzed by means of temperature line profiles and image histogram features. The results revealed the presence of several hot spots in the four modules of the array that were at[ associated with specific discontinuous cells. The quantification of each hot spot's impact to the cell's electrical characteristics is a key issue in evaluating the performance of each photovoltaic module under inspection. Thus, a simple simulation model based on the module's equivalent electrical circuit was also developed to assess the overall module's current and performance deterioration due to each detected hot spot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the thermal activation of spin fluctuations in dynamically stable spinor Bose-Einstein condensates. We analyze the specific cases of a nondipolar spin-1 condensate in the state m = 0, where thermal activation results from spin-changing collisions, and of a chromium condensate in the maximally stretched state m = --3, where thermal spin fluctuations are due to dipole-induced spin relaxation. In both cases, we show that the low energy associated to the spinor physics may be employed for thermometry purposes down to extremely low temperatures, typically impossible to measure in Bose-Einstein condensates with the usual thermometric techniques. Moreover, the peculiar dependence of the system's entropy with the applied Zeeman energy opens a possible route for adiabatic cooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on photonic thermometers developed by Physical Measurement Laboratory (PML) Sensor Science Division. Topics discussed include the resistance of the thermometer from electromagnetic interference, potential for remote thermometry, and the use of optical fibers for manipulation of light source for the thermometer.

The geological setting, petrography and bulk mineral chemistry of a monzodiorite and a presumably consanguineous megaporphyry with large (up to 25 cm) labradorite megacrysts, both intruding the upper Proterozoic Saramuj Conglomerate in south-west Jordan (south eastern shore of the Dead Sea), were examined. The crystallization temperatures of the monzodiorite and the megaporphyry as determined from pyroxene thermometry and supported by contact metamorphic mineralogy are about 700 and 900°C, respectively. The intrusion depth of the monzodiorite is about 3-4 km. The monzodiorite was emplaced in the Saramuj Conglomerate at about 595 + 2 Ma ago according to Rb/Sr and U/Pb age determinations. The stratigraphic positions of the monzodiorite, megaporphyry and their host rock (the Saramuj Conglomerate) were compared with time-equivalent lithologies in the Arabian-Nubian Shield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An ensemble of atoms in a steady state, whether or not in thermal equilibrium, has a well-defined energy distribution. Since the energy of single atoms within the ensemble cannot be individually measured, energy distributions are typically inferred from statistical averages. Here, we show how to measure the energy of a single atom in a single experimental realization (single shot). The energy distribution of the atom over many experimental realizations can thus be readily and directly obtained. We apply this method to a single ion trapped in a linear Paul trap for which the energy measurement in a single shot is applicable from 10 K×kB and above. Our energy measurement agrees within 5% to a different thermometry method which requires extensive averaging. Apart from the total energy, we also show that the motion of the ion in different trap modes can be distinguished. We believe that this method will have profound implications on single-particle chemistry and collision experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimating the temperature of a cold quantum system is difficult. Usually one measures a well-understood thermal state and uses that prior knowledge to infer its temperature. In contrast, we introduce a method of thermometry that assumes minimal knowledge of the state of a system and is potentially nondestructive. Our method uses a universal temperature dependence of the quench dynamics of an initially thermal system coupled to a qubit probe that follows from the Tasaki-Crooks theorem for nonequilibrium work distributions. We provide examples for a cold-atom system, in which our thermometry protocol may retain accuracy and precision at subnano-Kelvin temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A dispersionally corrected Gaussian profile describing Doppler-broadened spectral line shapes is presented. Proposed corrections include the frequency dependence of the Doppler shifting caused by dispersion as well as by light frequency variation over the whole spectral line shape. It is shown that the frequency dependence of the Doppler shifting can have a non-negligible influence on the line-shape model and can affect the line shape even at the relative level of 10-5. Moreover, this effect also influences the determination of the line position at the level of kilohertz. Finally, the impact of the presented results on the Doppler width thermometry and precise molecular spectroscopy for fundamental studies is emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers brief information on the modular MI3 system with Profinet boxes from Raytek.

The article evaluates the temperature measurement system modular MI3 from the provider of infrared (IR) thermometry Raytek Corp.