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The association between prevalent fractures and tooth loss in postmenopausal women remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the association between prevalent vertebral and nonvertebral fractures, the number of teeth present at baseline, and the number of teeth lost during follow‐up in postmenopausal Japanese women. This cross‐sectional study enrolled 843 participants (mean age 68.3 years). The number of teeth at follow‐up was evaluated in 655 women in this longitudinal study. The participants were divided into four groups according to their prevalent fracture status: no fractures, vertebral fractures alone, nonvertebral fractures alone, and both fracture types. After adjusting for covariates, Poisson regression analyses were performed to investigate differences in the number of teeth at baseline and that lost during the follow‐up period among the four groups. Participants with prevalent vertebral fractures alone had significantly fewer teeth at baseline than those in participants without fractures or nonvertebral fractures alone (p < 0.001 for both). Furthermore, they lost more teeth during the follow‐up period than did those with no fractures (p = 0.021) and tended to lose more teeth than did those with nonvertebral fractures alone or both prevalent fracture types. We observed no significant difference in the number of teeth lost between the participants with nonvertebral fractures alone and those with no fractures. Postmenopausal women with prevalent vertebral fractures may be at a higher risk of tooth loss. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an electrochemical‐lossy mode resonance (LMR) sensing method that detects refractive indices and electroactive species. The LMR peaks of indium‐tin‐oxide in the transmittance‐wavelength spectra were significantly shifted as the applied potential between 1.0 and −0.5 V at 209 nm/V. The modulation was exploited for sensing the refractive index and electroactive species (ferrocyanide and methylene blue) in two ways: peak‐wavelength tracking and potential scanning. The potential‐scanning technique produced clear potential LMR peaks in the transmittance‐potential spectra for the first time, which were corresponded to the external refractive index. Meanwhile, the limits of detection of ferrocyanide and methylene blue were 7.5 and 25.3 μM, respectively, in peak‐wavelength tracking and 18.2 and 20.8 μM, respectively, in the potential scanning technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An oxide‐zeolite (ZnCr2O4‐ZSM‐5) catalyst for directly converting CO2 to aromatics was designed and developed. It showed high PX/X (the C‐mol ratio of p‐xylene to all xylene) and PX/aromatics (the C‐mol ratio of p‐xylene to aromatics) ratios, which reached 97.3 and 63.9 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bevacizumab improves symptoms via reducing the peritumoral edema and/or normalizing blood brain barrier, and occasionally via reducing the tumor size. However, the effect against active cystic components has not been documented yet. Materials and Methods: Between 2008 and 2018, 139 patients with primary or metastatic brain tumors were treated with bevacizumab (BEV) in our institution. The images and symptoms before and after administration of BEV were examined, and changes in size of cysts were evaluated as follows: CR (complete disappearance), PR (reduction by ≥50%), MR (reduction by ≥25%), SD (size change <25%), PD (increase by ≥25%). The effect of BEV on tumor itself was determined according to Response Assessment in Neuro‐Oncology criteria. Results: Of the 139 patients, 21 (15.1%) had cystic components. The best responses of cysts to BEV treatment were as follows: CR 6, PR 7, MR 4, SD 4. The group of patients with progressively increasing cysts prior to BEV treatment had significant cyst size reduction compared to stable cyst size groups, at initial imaging after BEV (mean 62.6% vs 22.5%, P = .0055) and at best response timing (mean 76.3% vs 32.8%, P = .0050). Patients with cysts showed significant improvement in symptoms after the treatment with BEV compared to patients without cysts (P = .0033). However, response rate was not different between patients with or without cysts. Overall survival after starting BEV was not different between glioblastoma patients with or without cysts. Conclusion: Bevacizumab is effective against progressively increasing cysts. Although cysts reduction effect and tumor response and/or overall survival are independent, BEV may be effective in patients who are symptomatic due to cyst enlargement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SUMMARY Frequency response analysis (FRA) is a powerful technique to detect internal abnormalities within power transformers. However, diagnosis criteria of power transformers by FRA have not been fully established yet. In this paper, a new evaluation method of degree of identification between two transfer functions is proposed. In the proposed method, a frequency window is employed and cross-correlation factor is calculated with moving the window. Furthermore, the proposed method is applied to transfer functions of real transformers with or without some abnormalities. Based on this discussion, objective criteria for diagnosis of abnormalities of transformer windings by FRA are proposed. The proposed criteria are based on a few data of transformers with some abnormalities. Therefore, the proposed criteria are tentative and they would be improved by accumulation of further data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cover Picture: Electrochemical Lossy Mode Resonance-based Fiber Optic Sensing for Electroactive Species (Electroanalysis 3/2023) Keywords: lossy mode resonance; potential scanning; refractive index; electrochemical redox EN lossy mode resonance potential scanning refractive index electrochemical redox 1 1 1 03/15/23 20230301 NES 230301 The cover image is based on the Research Article I Electrochemical Lossy Mode Resonance-based Fiber Optic Sensing for Electroactive Species i by Takuya Okazaki et al., DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200089. Lossy mode resonance, potential scanning, refractive index, electrochemical redox. [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACT Purpose We investigated whether there was any association between age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) and nodal morphology and vascular pattern in healthy young Japanese adults. Methods Three neck regions in 100 healthy subjects, 19-40 years old, were examined by gray-scale and color Doppler sonography. Vascular pattern was classified into three groups: avascular, hilar, or scattered. A linear mixed-effect model was used to identify associations of age, sex, or BMI with the short-axis diameter and the short-to-long axis diameter ratio (S/L). A cumulative link mixed model was used to identify any association between age, sex, BMI, and vascular pattern. Results In the upper cervical region, a decrease in the short-axis diameter was statistically significantly associated with aging ( p = 0.04), and an increase in the short-axis diameter was significantly associated with greater BMI ( p < 0.001). An increase in short-axis diameter was significantly associated with female sex ( p = 0.02) and higher BMI ( p = 0.002) in the submandibular region, whereas it was associated with higher BMI ( p = 0.001) in the submental region. A greater S/L was significantly associated with higher BMI and female sex in all regions. The scattered vascular pattern tended to be associated with lower BMI ( p = 0.051) in the upper cervical region, but it was significantly associated with higher BMI ( p = 0.01) in the submental region. Conclusions Nodal morphology and vascular pattern may be associated with age, sex, and BMI. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 43:295-301, 2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work provides a systematic review of the literature from January 2003 to April 2014 pertaining to the incidence, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), and offers recommendations for its management based on multidisciplinary international consensus. ONJ is associated with oncology-dose parenteral antiresorptive therapy of bisphosphonates (BP) and denosumab (Dmab). The incidence of ONJ is greatest in the oncology patient population (1% to 15%), where high doses of these medications are used at frequent intervals. In the osteoporosis patient population, the incidence of ONJ is estimated at 0.001% to 0.01%, marginally higher than the incidence in the general population (<0.001%). New insights into the pathophysiology of ONJ include antiresorptive effects of BPs and Dmab, effects of BPs on gamma delta T-cells and on monocyte and macrophage function, as well as the role of local bacterial infection, inflammation, and necrosis. Advances in imaging include the use of cone beam computerized tomography assessing cortical and cancellous architecture with lower radiation exposure, magnetic resonance imaging, bone scanning, and positron emission tomography, although plain films often suffice. Other risk factors for ONJ include glucocorticoid use, maxillary or mandibular bone surgery, poor oral hygiene, chronic inflammation, diabetes mellitus, ill-fitting dentures, as well as other drugs, including antiangiogenic agents. Prevention strategies for ONJ include elimination or stabilization of oral disease prior to initiation of antiresorptive agents, as well as maintenance of good oral hygiene. In those patients at high risk for the development of ONJ, including cancer patients receiving high-dose BP or Dmab therapy, consideration should be given to withholding antiresorptive therapy following extensive oral surgery until the surgical site heals with mature mucosal coverage. Management of ONJ is based on the stage of the disease, size of the lesions, and the presence of contributing drug therapy and comorbidity. Conservative therapy includes topical antibiotic oral rinses and systemic antibiotic therapy. Localized surgical debridement is indicated in advanced nonresponsive disease and has been successful. Early data have suggested enhanced osseous wound healing with teriparatide in those without contraindications for its use. Experimental therapy includes bone marrow stem cell intralesional transplantation, low-level laser therapy, local platelet-derived growth factor application, hyperbaric oxygen, and tissue grafting. © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]