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DNAzymes exhibit tremendous application potentials in the field of biosensing and gene regulation due to its unique catalytic function. However, spatiotemporally controlled regulation of DNAzyme activity remains a daunting challenge, which may cause nonspecific signal leakage or gene silencing of the catalytic systems. Here, we report a photochemical approach via modular weaving active DNAzyme into the skeleton of tetrahedral DNA nanocages (TDN) for light‐triggered on‐demand liberation of DNAzyme and thus conditional control of gene regulation activity. We demonstrate that the direct encoding of DNAzyme in TDN could improve the biostability of DNAzyme and ensure the delivery efficiency, comparing with the conventional surface anchoring strategy. Furthermore, the molecular weaving of the DNA nanostructures allows remote control of DNAzyme‐mediated gene regulation with high spatiotemporal precision of light. In addition, we demonstrate that the approach is applicable for controlled regulation of the gene editing functions of other functional nucleic acids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction over a wide range of pH, especially in neutral or alkaline conditions, is of great significance but remains· challenging. Herein, a family of single‐atoms and clusters inside the N‐doped porous carbon matrix (NDPCM) are encapsulated. Specifically, the single‐atom platinum (PtSA) and cluster platinum (PtC) in NDPCM exhibited ultralow overpotentials of 20 and 14 mV at −10 mA cm−2 under neutral and alkaline conditions, respectively and superior long‐term durability. Theoretical calculations and operando Raman measurements revealed that the coexistence of PtSA and PtC can provide multiple H adsorption sites, contributing to the extremely low |ΔGH*| of H adsorption and constructing a local acidic microenvironment to trigger a unique H3O+‐induced water reduction in neutral and alkaline conditions This unique configuration significantly promotes the catalytic activity and opens a new avenue for the crafted design of electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Modular Weaving DNAzyme in Skeleton of DNA Nanocages for Photoactivatable Catalytic Activity Regulation" discusses the achievement of spatiotemporal control of catalytic DNAzyme activity. The researchers, Lele Li, Mengyuan Li, et al., have successfully woven activatable DNAzyme into the skeleton of tetrahedral DNA nanocages. This technique allows for efficient intracellular delivery with improved biostability and enables light-triggered on-demand liberation of DNAzyme, providing conditional control of catalytic gene regulation function. In another study, researchers synthesized silole and disila-cyclooctene derivatives through reactions between silicon atoms and dibrominated molecules, which have potential applications in surface chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

The article titled "Modular Weaving DNAzyme in Skeleton of DNA Nanocages for Photoactivatable Catalytic Activity Regulation" discusses the achievement of spatiotemporal control of catalytic DNAzyme activity. The researchers, Lele Li, Mengyuan Li, and others, have successfully woven activatable DNAzyme into the skeleton of tetrahedral DNA nanocages. This technique allows for efficient intracellular delivery with improved biostability and enables light-triggered on-demand liberation of DNAzyme, providing conditional control of catalytic gene regulation function. In another study, researchers synthesized silole and disila-cyclooctene derivatives through reactions between silicon atoms and dibrominated molecules, which have potential applications in surface chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

Thioredoxins (Trxs) are thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase proteins that play important roles in a spectrum of processes linking redox regulation and signaling in plants. However, little is known about Trxs and their biological functions in wheat, one of the most important food crops worldwide. This study reports the identification and functional characterization of an h-type Trx gene, TaTrxh9 , in wheat. Three homoeologs of TaTrxh9 were identified and the sequences in the coding region were highly consistent among the homoeologs. Protein characterization showed that a conserved Trx_family domain, as well as a typical active site with a dithiol signature (WCGPC), was included in TaTrxh9. Structural modeling demonstrated that TaTrxh9 could fold into a canonical thioredoxin structure consisting of five-stranded antiparallel beta sheets sandwiched between four alpha helices. The insulin disulfide reduction assay demonstrated that TaTrxh9 was catalytically active in vitro. TaTrxh9 overexpression in the Arabidopsis mutant trxh9 complemented the abnormal growth phenotypes of the mutant, suggesting is functionality in vivo. The transcription level of TaTrxh9 was higher in leaf tissues and it was differentially expressed during the development of wheat plants. Interestingly, barley stripe mosaic virus-mediated suppression of TaTrxh9 shortened the seedling-heading period of wheat. Furthermore, CRISPR-Cas9 mediated gene knockout confirmed that the TaTrxh9 mutation resulted in early heading of wheat. To our knowledge, this study is the first to report that Trxh is associated with heading-time regulation, which lays a foundation for further exploring the biological function of TaTrxh9 and provides new ideas for molecular breeding focusing on early heading in wheat. [Display omitted] • Three homoeologs of the TaTrxh9 are differentially expressed during wheat development. • TaTrxh9 is a disulfide reductase with typical conserved active site WCGPC. • Suppression or mutation of TaTrxh9 shortened the seedling-heading period of wheat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerobic oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is an important reaction for producing green and sustainable chemicals. Herein, natural clay mineral palygorskite (Pal)-supported bimetallic Pt–Pd catalyst for the oxidation of HMF to FDCA in water without the addition of any bases was developed. The 1Pt 9 Pd 1 /Pal catalyst with Pt/Pd molar ratio of 9/1 exhibited excellent catalytic performance, and 100% HMF conversion and 99% FDCA yield were obtained under optimum reaction conditions after 12 h, which was mainly attributed to the synergy between palygorskite and bimetallic Pt–Pd nanoparticles. Palygorskite used as support realized the immobilization and dispersion of bimetallic nanoparticles, increasing the catalytic activity. The basicity of palygorskite and alloying effects between Pt and Pd facilitated the formation of FDCA by synergistically catalyzing the oxidation of alcohol and aldehyde groups in the reactants and intermediates. Furthermore, this catalyst showed good stability and reusability. The present work provides a highly efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally benign catalyst for the base-free oxidation of HMF to FDCA in practical industrial applications. • Efficient palygorskite-supported bimetallic Pt–Pd catalyst is synthesized. • The catalyst exhibits high activity for the base-free oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid. • The basicity of palygorskite and the alloying effect facilitate the formation of 2, 5-furandicarboxylic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]