Author: "Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace" / Publication Year Range: Last 10 years - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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3,883 results on '"Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace"'

1. Skyline matching: absolute localisation for planetary exploration rovers

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Magellium, Pérez González, Juan Jesús, Pérennou, Tanguy, Le Cabec, Loïc, Villanueva Rourera, Emma, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Magellium, Pérez González, Juan Jesús, Pérennou, Tanguy, Le Cabec, Loïc, and Villanueva Rourera, Emma
Abstract: Skyline matching is a technique for absolute localisation framed in the category of autonomous long-range exploration. Absolute localisation becomes crucial for planetary exploration to recalibrate position during long traverses or to estimate position with no a-priori information. In this project, a skyline matching algorithm is proposed, implemented and evaluated using real acquisitions and simulated data. The function is based on comparing the skyline extracted from rover images and orbital data. The results are promising but intensive testing on more real data is needed to further characterize the algorithm.
Published: 2022

2. Integration and validation of embedded flight software on space-qualified multicore architectures

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, European Space Agency, Morros Rubió, Josep Ramon, Fernandez Salgado, Javier, Barrios Garcia, Pedro, Moya Riera, Joan, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, European Space Agency, Morros Rubió, Josep Ramon, Fernandez Salgado, Javier, Barrios Garcia, Pedro, and Moya Riera, Joan
Abstract: In the recent decades, the importance of software on space missions has notably increased, reflecting the need to integrate advanced on-board functionalities. With multicore processors being lately introduced to host critical high-performance applications, the complexity to validate software has significantly raised with respect to single core architectures. While there has been a big step forward in avionics after the publication of the CAST-32A paper, the ECSS-E-ST-40C software engineering standard used by the European Space Agency (ESA) is still not providing validation support for multicore processors. Hence, it is expected that standardising guidelines to develop software on such platforms will become a recurring topic in the industry to match the demands of future space exploration missions.
Published: 2022

3. Design and automation of cybersecurity and performance validation test cases applied to connected vehicles

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Grange, Dominique, Lázaro Villa, José Antonio, Orús Gracia, Luis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Grange, Dominique, Lázaro Villa, José Antonio, and Orús Gracia, Luis
Abstract: We are living today the so called "Digital Revolution" that started 50 years ago. Younger generations are forcing the transportation industry to move towards social, connected, environment-friendly, assisted means of transport. The intelligent, fully-digitized autonomous vehicle is an evolutionary process that starts right into the connected vehicle. But such complex system is becoming more and more vulnerable to external cyber attacks as it increases its connectivity capabilities. However, the Groupe Renault, the world's leading French vehicle-manufacturer, is ready to confront these challenges. This project focuses on the design, implementation and automation of a variety of test cases aiming to partially validate the embedded software running on the IVC, the on-board modem that provides Internet accessibility to connected vehicles. Both cybersecurity and performance aspects will be considered, a series of results will be presented and analyzed, and some relevant conclusions will be eventually drawn. This project is part of the Dual Degree Program arranged between the UPC-ETSETB --based in Barcelona and specialized in Telecommunications, and ISAE-SUPAERO --based in Toulouse and specialized in Aeronautics and Space, two of the best European Engineering Schools. It was carried out at Renault Software Labs, a fully-owned subsidiary of the Groupe Renault, based in Toulouse, France.
Published: 2019

4. Stage en conseil en transformation et management

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Organització d'Empreses, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Mews Patners, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, Chaudemar, Jean-Charles, Pellicé I Avellan, Ester, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Organització d'Empreses, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Mews Patners, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, Chaudemar, Jean-Charles, and Pellicé I Avellan, Ester
Abstract: Le stage de fin d'études s'est déroulé chez Mews Partners, une entreprise de conseil en management qui réalise des projets pour des clients de l'industrie, le commerce et les services. Les objectifs du stage se déclinent en trois parties : 1) Découvrir le métier de consultant chez Mews Partners 2) Supporter les missions externes et internes selon la disponibilité et demande des clients 3) Participer dans les activités internes pour faciliter l'intégration au sein des équipes et agrandir le chantier interne Les missions externes réalisées se divisent en deux: 1) Une chez Airbus GEO-Intelligence sur la gestion de configuration 2) L'autre chez Airbus Avion: support d'une équipe pour améliorer leurs méthodes de travail et leur organisation Les missions internes ont été plus nombreuses: 1) Un RFI (Request For Information) sur le Change Management pour Airbus 2) Recompiler de l'information sur la possibilité d'installer une agence Mews à Barcelone 3) Etude sur la méthodologie DevOps 4) Approche de Mews sur l'IA et l'éthique 5) Participation à Green@Mews (association pour faire de Mews, une entreprise plus respectueuse avec l'environnement) 6) Participation au Recrut'hon (recherche de moyens pour améliorer le recrutement chez Mews) 7) Participation au Scribe Club, Outgoing
Published: 2019

5. Economics of the explotation of the resources in celestial bodies

Author: Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Lizy-Destrez, Stéphanie, Sousa, José de, Coronado Escudero, Joan, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Lizy-Destrez, Stéphanie, Sousa, José de, and Coronado Escudero, Joan
Abstract: Outgoing
Published: 2019

6. Estudi: Disseny i mesura de teixits apantallants / antiradiació electromagnètica per a protecció

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Gil Galí, Ignacio, Almirall Toribio, Oriol, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Gil Galí, Ignacio, and Almirall Toribio, Oriol
Abstract: In recent years several studies regarding metamaterials have been carried out. The possibility of reaching new properties further from the ones offered by conventional materials has opened new ways of study. Among the different fields of investigation in which metamaterials and frequency selective surfaces are involved, applying them on fabrics and creating wearable structures is one of the newest, and still few investigation has been done on it since, although its potential applications, it is still difficult to reach good results. For this reason, and in order to prove that this is an important field in which very interesting results can be obtained by means of conventional procedures, in this thesis a FSS based on fabric and conductive thread is designed. To do so, the first step is to optimize the geometry using computer simulations until reaching the desired electromagnetic properties. Once done that, the designed unit cell is applied in a larger surface, which is tested and the obtained results compared to the ones given by the simulation. By doing this, it is proved that, although the final crafted surface is not exactly the same that the designed one because of the imperfections inherent in any construction process the properties reached are almost the same, offering similar levels of absorption and a small shift of frequency. Since the surface tested in this thesis is relatively small, testing bigger surfaces in order to better approximate the infinite extension hypothesis and improve the construction process are the logical steps to follow in order to improve a technology which has already been proved to be useful, possible and within reach.
Published: 2019

7. Deep Learning For Aircraft Health Management

Author: Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Jezegou, Joël, Rocamora Ardèvol, Sergi, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Jezegou, Joël, and Rocamora Ardèvol, Sergi
Abstract: Outgoing
Published: 2018

8. Blind synchronization using neural networks

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Lázaro Villa, José Antonio, Roque, Damien, Jiménez Díaz, Natalia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Lázaro Villa, José Antonio, Roque, Damien, and Jiménez Díaz, Natalia
Abstract: On the one hand, knowledge of symbol timing and frequency offset is required for demodulation in digital communication systems. On the other hand, capabilities of machine learning in the communications domain have not yet been developed so to be able to have an impact in the actual systems and technologies. The goal is to realize a computationally efficient synchronization algorithm based on Neural Networks (NN). The main attractive of NN is the fact that given a structure which is known to be able to converge, it will give the capability to be easily implemented and trained on the concrete type of conditions given in each environment so that it will lead to the best estimator for each case. Also, despite the possibility of designing your own activation functions has already been exploded, it is important that the NN structure to be found is made of Dense feedforward hidden layers with the usual activation functions found on Keras library (those being for instance Linear, Relu, Sigmoid, etc)., Por un lado, el conocimiento del tiempo del símbolo y el desplazamiento de frecuencia es necesario para la demodulación en los sistemas de comunicación digital. Por otro lado, las capacidades de Machine Learning en el dominio de las comunicaciones aún no se han desarrollado para poder tener un impacto en los sistemas y tecnologías actuales. El objetivo es realizar un algoritmo de sincronización computacionalmente eficiente basado en redes neuronales (NN). El principal atractivo de las NN es el hecho que, dada una estructura la cual es sabido que puede converger, se da la capacidad de implementarla fácilmente y entrenarla sobre el tipo concreto de condiciones que se dan en cada entorno para que de lugar al mejor estimador en cada caso Además, a pesar de que ya se ha explotado la posibilidad de diseñar funciones de activación propias, es importante que la estructura NN que se encuentre esté compuesta de feedforward hidden layers con las funciones de activación habituales que se encuentran en la biblioteca Keras (por ejemplo Linear, Relu) , Sigmoid, etc.)., D'una banda, el coneixement del temps del símbol i el desplaçament de freqüència és necessari per a la desmodulació en els sistemes de comunicació digital. D'altra banda, les capacitats de Machine Learning en el domini de les comunicacions encara no s'han desenvolupat per poder tenir un impacte en els sistemes i tecnologies actuals. L'objectiu és realitzar un algoritme de sincronització computacionalment eficient basat en xarxes neuronals (NN). El principal atractiu de les NN és el fet que, donada una estructura la qual és sabut que pot convergir, es dóna la capacitat d'implementar-se fàcilment i entrenar-la sobre el tipus concret de condicions que es donen en cada entorn per a que doni lloc al millor estimador en cada cas A més, tot i que ja s'ha explotat la possibilitat de dissenyar funcions d'activació pròpies, és important que l'estructura NN que es trobi estigui composta de feedforward hidden layers amb les funcions d'activació habituals que es troben a la biblioteca Keras (per exemple linear, Relu), Sigmoid, etc.).
Published: 2018

9. Intégration des contraintes de montage dans le dimensionnement de pièces d’habillage

Author: Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, Olivé Delgado, Roger, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, and Olivé Delgado, Roger
Abstract: Outgoing
Published: 2018

10. R&T and Innovation project management engineer

Author: Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, Tortosa Perez, Marc, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Van Wunnik, Lucas Philippe, and Tortosa Perez, Marc
Abstract: Ce document inclut la description de toutes les activités que j'ai réalisées lors de mon stage de fin d'études chez Airbus au domaine EVO comme Ingénieur en Gestion Projet R&T et Innovation au Flight and Integration Test Center (EV). La mission du Program Manager R&T et Innovation au sein d'EV nécessite d'aligner le budget destiné a la recherche dans le centre avec les besoins techniques des différents projets d'innovation et de recherche qui s'y réalisent. Une des complexités de la mission consiste a maintenir cet alignement. Cette complexité est accentuée par la taille de l'organisation (présente sur quatre pays) et la variabilité tout au long de l'année du budget de la recherche. Les défis a relever consistent a maitriser la variation budgétaire de la recherche, réduire le temps de cycle et contróler l'impact des évolutions des projets sur les activités des autres projets. Les objectifs de ma mission ont été : analyser la situation, trouver un plan d'action, proposer différentes solutions et développer la solution choisie jusqu'a son application. La solution choisie a été le développement d'un logiciel qui automatise une partie de l'activité du Program Manager. Apres de nombreux tests, le logiciel est capable de réduire le temps d'analyse et d'augmenter l'efficacité avec une détection facilitée des écarts financiers. Il inclut un environnement ergonomique et facile a utiliser ainsi que l'utilisation d'une nouvelle technologie qui s'aligne avec la stratégie de l'entreprise. Les résultats ont été un succes pour EV et d'autres centres ont déja montré leur intéret pour l'outil. Ceci ouvre un éventail de débouchés pour les centres ayant difficultés similaires au suivi financier. Dans les mois a venir, il pourrait etre envisagé d'adapter ce logiciel aux besoins d'autres secteurs., Outgoing
Published: 2018

11. Modelling of SpaceFibre networks

Author: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Thales Alenia Space, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Dellandrea, M. Brice, Camps Carmona, Adriano José, Jané Abad, Jaume, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Teoria del Senyal i Comunicacions, Thales Alenia Space, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Dellandrea, M. Brice, Camps Carmona, Adriano José, and Jané Abad, Jaume
Abstract: The tool MOST (Modelling of SpaceWire Network) is an open source tool for satellite networks simulations developed by Thales Alenia Space based on the simulator NS3. The goal of this work is to extend the functionalities with the programming of a new module for the SpaceFiber standard., This work presents the implementation of the SpaceFibre protocol for the network simulator MOST NS-3. On board data networks interconnect satellite's modules with mixed requirements on time of deliver delay and jitter. For example, the same link on a network can be shared to retrieve payload telemetry and to receive satellite attitude sensors telemetry. While payload telemetry can usually wait and support some level of delay, attitude sensors telemetry must arrive within an strict window of time. Several protocols try to solve this problematic. One of them is SpaceFibre, an evolution of SpaceWire that introduces Quality of Service at data link layer by using virtual channels (VC). Virtual channels compete to access the link based on their priority, bandwidth reservation and scheduling. Despite the capabilities of SpaceFibre, with complex onboard satellite networks a question arises: are the jitter and delay requirements fulfilled? To answer that question a network simulator is needed. MOST on NS-3 is a network simulator developed by Thales Alenia Space that implements SpaceWire and related protocols. The outcome of this work is an implementation of the SpaceFibre protocol for MOST NS-3. The model implements all the procedures that introduces a delay in the transmission of a packet including lane initialization, the time that a packet frame waits in a buffer due to the multiplexing of several virtual channels in the same link, words precedence or frame recovery mechanisms. Several tests are included to validate that the implementation meets the requirements of the SpaceFibre protocol.
Published: 2018

12. Control system of the balloon experimental twin telescope for infrared interferometry

Author: Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Goddard Space Flight Center, Broquetas Ibars, Antoni, Rinehart, Stephen, Casalprim Torres, Marc, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace, Goddard Space Flight Center, Broquetas Ibars, Antoni, Rinehart, Stephen, and Casalprim Torres, Marc
Abstract: The Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII) is a far infrared telescope on a balloon-based platform that will validate the interferometry technique for future space telescopes. It is one of the most complex balloon projects carried out at NASA-GSFC and it requires a lot of different subsystems. The work during this thesis is centered around the coarse control system of the telescope's attitude and the analysis of the data collected during its first flight., El Balloon Experimental Twin Telescope for Infrared Interferometry (BETTII) és un telescopi muntat en un globus que opera en l'infraroig llunyà. Aquest projecte intentarà validar l'aplicació de la interferometria per a futurs telescopis espacials. BETTII és un dels projectes en globus més complexes de NASA-GSFC i requereix la integració de diferents subsistemes. El treball durant aquesta tesi es centra en el sistema de control de l'orientació del telescopi i en l'anàlisi de les dades recollides durant el seu primer vol.
Published: 2017

13. Phosphosilicate Multimode Optical Fiber for Sensing and Diagnostics at Inertial Confinement Fusion Facilities

Author: Philippe Paillet, Sylvain Girard, Vincent Goiffon, O. Duhamel, Adriana Morana, Damien Lambert, Vincenzo De Michele, Cosimo Campanella, Gilles Melin, Thierry Robin, Jeoffray Vidalot, Arnaud Meyer, Aziz Boukenter, Youcef Ouerdane, Emmanuel Marin, Vladimir Yu. Glebov, Gregory Pien, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), CEA DAM ILE-DE-FRANCE - Bruyères-le-Châtel [Arpajon] (CEA DAM IDF), Laboratoire Hubert Curien (LHC), Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), iXBlue Photonics, Laboratory for lasers energetics - LLE (New-York, USA), and University of Rochester [USA]
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Radiation-induced attenuation (RIA), Autre, Dosimetry, Fusion, neutrons, Radiation effects, Optical fibers, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation
Abstract: We characterized the radiation response in the visible domain of a new multimode graded-index (GI) phosphosilicate optical fiber (GIMMF), exposed to the harsh environment (pulses of 14-MeV neutrons, X-rays, and γ -rays) associated with laser experiments at the OMEGA facility. The growth of permanent radiation-induced attenuation (RIA) was measured in situ after a series of laser shots involving a large production of 14-MeV neutrons (yields > 10^14 n per shot). RIA linearly increases with accumulated neutron fluence without recovery between shots. The obtained results allow a precise evaluation of this GIMMF vulnerability when implemented as part of laser or plasma diagnostics. Our work also reveals the potential of this class of optical fiber to serve as a radiation monitor in the radiation-rich mixed environments of megajoule class laser facilities and to provide a very fast and online estimation of the accumulated deposited dose at various locations of their experimental halls. In our experimental test configuration at OMEGA, 14-MeV neutrons are estimated to contribute to about 55% of the total deposited dose on the fibers, and the other optical losses are related to X-ray and γ -ray contributions. Those measurements could be, for example, benchmarked to the radiation maps obtained by Monte Carlo simulation tools, potentially facilitating the evaluation of the aging of diagnostics, components, and systems as well as their maintenance operations.
Published: 2022
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14. Identification of vibration damping in 3D-printed lattice structures

Author: Tanays, Rémy, Castro Moreno, Antonio, Jaulent, Aude, Filloux, Benoit, Barriere, Ludovic, Michon, Guilhem, Sanches, Leonardo, Fabries, Christophe, IRT Saint Exupéry - Institut de Recherche Technologique, Thales Alenia Space [Toulouse] (TAS), THALES [France], Cap Gemini [Amsterdam], Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace [ISAE-SUPAERO]
Subjects: [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Identification of vibration damping in 3D-printed lattice structures
Published: 2023

15. Estimation of the piezoelectric factor in nonlinear transducers

Author: Peyrouse, Floriane, Michon, Guilhem, Chesne, Simon, Jean, Frederic, Aubry, Alice, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace [ISAE-SUPAERO]
Subjects: [SPI.ACOU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph], [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI.MECA.VIBR]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Vibrations [physics.class-ph], [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract: International audience; Estimation of the piezoelectric factor in nonlinear transducers
Published: 2023

16. Identification and Assessment of Obsolescence in the Early Stages of System Design

Author: Marc Zolghadri, Sophia Salas Cordero, Claude Baron, Rob A. Vingerhoeds, Laboratoire QUARTZ (QUARTZ ), Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications (ENSEA)-ISAE-Supméca Institut Supérieur de Mécanique de Paris (ISAE-Supméca), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), ISAE-Supméca Institut Supérieur de Mécanique de Paris (ISAE-Supméca), Équipe Ingénierie Système et Intégration (LAAS-ISI), Laboratoire d'analyse et d'architecture des systèmes (LAAS), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès - UT2J (FRANCE), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole - UT1 (FRANCE), and ISAE-Supméca – Institut supérieur de mécanique de Paris (FRANCE)
Subjects: Obsolescence criticality index, Identification, ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, Computer science, General Engineering, Assessment, Systems engineering, House of obsolescence, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Identification (information), Autre, Obsolescence, Obsolescence management process, Systems design
Abstract: International audience; Obsolescence is the fact that an entity (physical or logical) is becoming outdated or no longer possesses the required level of performance. The objectives of this article are twofold. First, it is intended to contribute to the understanding of obsolescence propagation. Secondly, two supporting approaches for the Identification and Assessment phases are proposed: the House of Obsolescence and the System Obsolescence Criticality Analysis. The former allows the mapping of obsolescence propagation via dependencies, whether imposed changes are desired or imposed, by external actors to the system architecture. Whereas, the objective of the latter is to assign an obsolescence criticality index to the identified risks in order to prioritize them for solution or mitigation determination during the analysis phase. The tools make extensive use of the modeled system knowledge through the application of Systems Engineering. The application of these approaches is presented through an illustrative study.
Published: 2022
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17. A fast method of material, design and process eco-selection via topology optimization, for additive manufactured structures

Author: Edouard Duriez, Catherine Azzaro-Pantel, Joseph Morlier, Miguel Charlotte, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire de Génie Chimique (LGC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Additive manufacturing, Life cycle, Material selection, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, Environmental Science (miscellaneous), Mécanique des structures, Process selection, Ecodesign, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Topology optimization, Ashby index
Abstract: International audience; We propose an innovative approach to minimize the greenhouse gas impacts of additive manufactured structures over their entire life cycle. The novelty of our method lies in its simultaneous optimization of material selection, process selection, and design optimization. To fully leverage the potential benefits of additive manufacturing, we use topology optimization and compile a comprehensive database of printed materials and printing processes, which we share with the wider community. To account for the complex interdependence between materials and processes, our method employs a pairing system, which we efficiently reduce using topology optimization properties and a generalized form of Ashby indices. To enhance computational efficiency, we employ a meta-model. We validate our proposed method through successful testing on an aeronautical case and a pedestrian bridge, demonstrating its robustness even in the presence of environmental data uncertainty. The optimal material-process pair for the aeronautical structure is the cobalt-based super-alloy with the LENS process. Despite this pair having the highest material and processing emissions, the resulting lighter part lowers the use phase emissions. It appears that precise mechanical data is needed for the method to give accurate results: a 20% drop of Young's modulus totally disrupts the material-process pair ranking.
Published: 2023
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18. Design and Testing of Impacted Stiffened CFRP Panels under Compression with the VERTEX Test Rig

Author: Florent Grotto, Christophe Bouvet, Bruno Castanié, Joël Serra, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: post-buckling, numerical simulations, stiffened panel, compression after impact, stiffener debonding, experiments, Aerospace Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Aeronautical composite primary structures must evidence sufficient residual strength in the presence of damage for compliance with damage tolerance requirements. The study of stiffener debonding on panels subjected to compression after impact is performed in that scope. Compression leads to the buckling of the skin between the stiffeners, and thus a complex loading of the bonding between the skin and the stiffener. This paper describes the development of a stiffened specimen for the VERTEX multiaxial test rig as a first step towards the study of the damage tolerance evaluation of stiffened structures, under combined loadings and at the intermediate scale of the test pyramid. By using virtual testing, the specimen was designed to produce the phenomenology of interest as the first damage, i.e., the debonding of the stiffener from the centre. Three samples were manufactured and subjected to low velocity impacts at various locations and energies. Then the three samples were subjected to compression after impact, up to the stiffener debonding, under a post-buckling regime of the skin. Test loading evolution is described with force fluxes and global strains, obtained from in situ stereo-correlation. The different impacts were found to give different types of damage but similar residual strength to compression after impact.
Published: 2023
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19. Multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization strategy applied to Overall Drone Design

Author: Charayron, Rémy, Lefebvre, Thierry, Bartoli, Nathalie, Morlier, Joseph, ONERA / DTIS, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), and Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Mécanique des structures, MFSEGO, CONCEPTION DRONE, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Multi-fidelity, Overall Drone Design, drone design, [MATH]Mathematics [math], bayesian optimization, OPTIMISATION BAYESIENNE, Bayesian optimization
Abstract: International audience; Nowadays, drones can be developed for a wide range of use cases, from infrastructure monitoring to sea rescue, urban mobility or military purposes. Which drone design is best suited for a specific mission? To answer this question, we need to solve a constrained optimization problem based on a multidisciplinary design model that takes the mission into account. The model generally being a computationally expensive numerical model whose gradients are not available all the time encourages us to consider a Bayesian optimization approach. Such strategy is well known to achieve a trade-off between exploitation and exploration in order to find interesting minimal area with a reduced number of function evaluations. A multi-fidelity approach can improve even more the computational efficiency of the Bayesian optimization strategy. In this work, we aim at designing a fixed-wing drone (fully electric) for long range surveillance mission. Two fidelity level electric drone models are developed. For a given mission requirement, the final battery state of charge is optimized with respect to drone design variables. Optimizations are performed on several missions using both a mono and a multi-fidelity Bayesian optimization strategy. The interest of using a multi-fidelity method for overall drone design has been assessed. The multi-fidelity super-efficient global optimization algorithm (MFSEGO) appeared to need less budget to reach convergence than the mono-fidelity algorithm and to be more robust to the initial design of experiments.
Published: 2023
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20. Prediction of Gust Aeroelastic performance of HALE using Graph Neural Networks

Author: Colombo, Michele, Morlier, Joseph, Bauerheim, Michaël, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département Aérodynamique Energétique et Propulsion (DAEP), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Gust Aeroelastic performance, HALE design, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Mécanique des matériaux, Graph Neural Networks
Abstract: International audience; Graph Neural Networks have been applied to learn the flight and structural dynamics of an High Altitude Long Endurance aircraft in discrete gust. The graph network methodology allows building a model for structural displacements, loads and aircraft flight dynamics leveraging on the inductive bias given by the physical connections. The results show promising capabilities in model approximation and potential for symbolic identification of aerodynamics and structural forces.
Published: 2023
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21. Shapley Additive Explanations for Knowledge Discovery via Surrogate Models

Author: Palar, Pramudita Satria, Zuhal, Lavi Rizki, Dwianto, Yohanes Bimo, Shimoyama, Koji, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Teknologi Bandung - ITB (INDONESIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Tohoku University (JAPAN), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Tohoku University [Sendai], Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Autre, Re-entry trajectory, Wing design, Shapley Additive Explanations, Knowledge Discovery, Surrogate Models
Abstract: International audience; It is sometimes desirable to delve further into how the inputs affect the output in design optimization and uncertainty analysis. Surrogate models such as Gaussian Process Regression and support vector regression are useful for such tasks and can be further enhanced by introducing advanced post-processing methods. This paper investigates Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) as a tool to aid surrogate-assisted data-driven analysis. In particular, surrogate-enabled SHAP analysis allows visualization of the input-output relationship in a meaningful way using summary SHAP plots and SHAP dependence plots. Some importantinformation that can be extracted and visualized from SHAP includes the importance of input variables (i.e., global sensitivity analysis), nonlinearity level, and level of interactions. The benefits of Shapley values for engineering analysis using surrogate models are demonstrated in three engineering test problems.
Published: 2023
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22. Physics-Informed Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for Data Reconstruction

Author: Zakaria, Kemas, Palar, Pramudita Satria, Zuhal, Lavi Rizki, Morlier, Joseph, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Institut Teknologi Bandung - ITB (INDONESIA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Physics-Informed, Poisson Equatioon, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, Mécanique des matériaux
Abstract: International audience; Many engineering problems are governed by complex governing equations that are difficult and typically require high computational costs to solve. Machine learning and surrogate modelling aid such an endeavour by providing a cheap-to-evaluate prediction model that acts as a replacement of the original model. While most research focuses on predicting scalar values (e.g., lift and drag), predicting the solution field is also of interest in many practical engineering and scientific applications. This paper proposes a Physics-Informed Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) technique that improves the solution field prediction by enforcing governing equations as a loss penalty. The proposed idea utilizes a reduced-order modeling technique based on POD to decompose solution snapshots into singular vectors and values. A Gaussian Process Regression is then utilized to predict the singular values from variable parameters. The predicted singular values from the data of the problem are then adjusted via optimization to minimize the physics-informed loss and achieve better prediction. In this paper, we illustrate the efficacy of the proposed method on simple two-dimensional partial differential equations. The result clearly shows that the proposed physics-informed POD outperforms the conventional POD in terms of approximation error.
Published: 2023
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23. Fast Nonlinear Method for Static Aeroelasticity Applied to High Aspect Ratio Wings

Author: Chandre-Vila, Oriol, Boin, Jean-Philippe, Barriety, Bernard, Nivet, Yann, Morlier, Joseph, Gourdain, Nicolas, Département Aérodynamique Energétique et Propulsion (DAEP), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Mach, High-Aspect-Ratio Wings, Nonlinear Static Aeroelasticity, Fast method
Abstract: International audience; A low-computational-cost method is proposed in this paper to predict steady-state nonlinear aeroelastic response for high-aspect-ratio wings. This fast nonlinear static aeroelasticity method relies on a simple but robust mathematical approach. The work presented in this paper evaluates the accuracy of a nonlinear aerodynamic method on a large range of Mach numbers for a geometry representative of a typical industrial high-aspect-ratio-wing aircraft. The robustness of the method relies on the accurate estimation of the local pressure field based on an aerodynamic database using a local incidence estimated with a vortex lattice method. The database can be filled with flight test, wind tunnel test, or high-fidelity numerical simulation. The structural deformation is provided by a coupled aeroelastic high-fidelity numerical simulation, and so this paper focuses mainly on the development and validation of the aerodynamic model. Then, the flexible coefficients of the wing are compared to the high-fidelity aeroelastic numerical simulations for a set of Mach numbers ranging from subsonic to transonic conditions. The results presented in this paper show that the present method is very accurate for low-Mach-number regimes (error is lower than 1% on lift), and it is also adapted to transonic flow regimes because the error on lift is lower than 5%. For high Mach numbers, the current solution commits larger errors on drag and pitching moment coefficients.
Published: 2023
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24. Self-Supervised Learning for Data Scarcity in a Fatigue Damage Prognostic Problem

Author: Anass Akrim, Christian Gogu, Rob Vingerhoeds, Michel Salaün, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Machine Learning (cs.LG), Mécanique des structures, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Statistics - Machine Learning, Deep Learning (DL), Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), Self-Supervised Learning (SSL), Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Data Scarcity, Remaining Useful Life (RUL)
Abstract: International audience; With the increasing availability of data for Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), Deep Learning (DL) techniques are now the subject of considerable attention for this application, often achieving more accurate Remaining Useful Life (RUL) predictions. However, one of the major challenges for DL techniques resides in the difficulty of obtaininglarge amounts of labelled data on industrial systems. To overcome this lack of labelled data, an emerging learning technique is considered in our work: Self-Supervised Learning, a sub-category of unsupervised learning approaches. This paper aims to investigate whether pre-training DL models in a self-supervised way on unlabelled sensors data can be useful for RUL estimation with only Few-Shots Learning, i.e. with scarce labelled data. In this research, a fatigue damage prognostics problem is addressed, through the estimation of the RUL of aluminum alloy panels (typical of aerospace structures) subject to fatigue cracks from strain gauge data. Synthetic datasets composed of strain data are used allowing to extensively investigate the influence of the dataset size on the predictive performance. Results show that the self-supervised pre-trained models are able to significantly outperform the non-pre-trained models in downstream RUL prediction task, and with less computational expense, showing promising results in prognostic tasks when only limited labelled data is available.
Published: 2023
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25. Unexpected optimal measurement protocols in Bell's inequality violation experiments

Author: Alicia Negre, Renaud Mathevet, Benoit Chalopin, Sébastien Massenot, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire national des champs magnétiques intenses - Toulouse (LNCMI-T), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Femto (LCAR), Laboratoire Collisions Agrégats Réactivité (LCAR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Fédération de recherche « Matière et interactions » (FeRMI), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Grenoble Alpes - UGA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), and Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses - LNCMI (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: Quantum entanglement, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Autre, Incertainty, Genetic algorithm, Bell's inequality, General Physics and Astronomy, Monte-Carlo
Abstract: International audience; Bell's inequality violation experiments are becoming increasingly popular in the practical teaching of undergraduate and master's degree students. Bell's parameter S is obtained from 16 polarization correlation measurements performed on entangled photons pairs. We first report here a detailed analysis of the uncertainty u(S) of Bell's parameter taking into account coincidence count statistics and errors in polarizers' orientation. We show using both computational modeling and experimental measurement that the actual sequence of the polarizer settings has an unexpected and strong influence on the error budget. This result may also be relevant to measurements in other settings in which errors in parameters may have non-random effects in the measurement.
Published: 2023
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26. Dynamic crushing of wood-based sandwich composite tubes

Author: Bruno Castanié, Florent Eyma, Romain Guélou, Arthur Cantarel, Samuel Rivallant, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Materials science, General Mathematics, Dynamic, Composite number, Glass fiber, chemistry.chemical_element, Core (manufacturing), [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], 02 engineering and technology, 0203 mechanical engineering, Tube, Energy absorption, General Materials Science, Composite material, Tube (container), Composites, Civil and Structural Engineering, Crushing, Mechanical Engineering, Epoxy, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Mécanique des structures, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Sandwich, Wood veneers, 0210 nano-technology, Carbon, Poplar
Abstract: International audience; The paper presents the results of dynamic crushing of sandwich tubes that had skins made of carbon or glass fibres-with epoxy resin-and an I214 poplar ply core. By increasing the number of poplar plies from two to six, the absorbed energy is doubled, showing the significant contribution of the wood. The Specific Energy Absorption of sandwiches with carbon fibre skins oscillated between 49.4 and 60 J/g while that with glass fibre skins varied from 35.4 to 43.3 J/g.
Published: 2021
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27. CO2 Footprint minimization for AFP bio-composites thin structures

Author: Castro Almeida, Alexandre, Duriez, Edouard, Lachaud, Frédéric, Masania, Kunal, Morlier, Joseph, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Delft University of Technology - TU Delft (NETHERLANDS), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: 3D Printing, Mécanique des structures, Eco-design, Fibre Path, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Topology Optimisation, Bio-composites
Abstract: International audience; The development of the aeronautical industry has brought about certain demands like the reduction of fuel consumption and, consequently, the weight of used structures. Therefore, topology analysis of aircraft components has played an important role in meeting these demands. Another factor widely studied in this context is the type of materials used in the manufacture of such components, hence, by presenting lower densities, composites have gained ground in this industry sector.Besides, an increasingly sought-after characteristic is the sustainability associated with the entire life cycle of any system or part, from its design, through the production phase, to its end of life. The assessment of such sustainability is often carried out by analysing the life cycle’s CO2 footprint, which tends to decrease when the raw materials used are less processed. Materials of natural origin, also known as "bio-materials", have therefore been the target of study, being the basis of the concept of eco-design. The accelerated development of 3D printing technologies has allowed the evolution of structural design methods. Additive manufacturing emerged in the 1980s and has since been expanding in the aerospace field. One of its great advantages is that it can be combined with the use of bio-composites, such as flax or hemp.The topology optimisation of any given structure brings great benefits in terms of the mitigation of the CO2 impact of a given part, as it translates into a reduction of its mass and fuel consumption. However, the combination of this method with the optimisation of the fibre path, in the 3D printing process, and the CO2 footprint of the part’s life cycle simultaneously can bring even more evident benefits. In this paper modifications to existing methods are proposed. In MATLAB, strategies are developed to study the topology and fibre orientation of potentially 3D printed thin structures.
Published: 2022

28. Learning-Enhanced Adaptive Robust GNSS Navigation in Challenging Environments

Author: Yi Ding, Paul Chauchat, Gael Pages, Philippe Asseman, Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Airbus Operation S.A.S., Airbus [France], Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique (IETR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Airbus SAS and ANRT, France, Cifre [2019/1073], Airbus (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), and CentraleSupélec (FRANCE)
Subjects: Control and Optimization, GNSS, Mechanical Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Computer Science Applications, Human-Computer Interaction, Machine Learning, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Artificial Intelligence, Control and Systems Engineering, machine learning for robot control, Localization, probability and statistical methods, Traitement du signal et de l'image, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Robust Statistics
Abstract: International audience; Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is the widely used technology when it comes to outdoor positioning. But it has severe limitations with regard to safety-critical applications involving unmanned autonomous systems. Namely, the positioning performance degrades in harsh propagation environment such as urban canyons. In this letter we propose a new algorithm for GNSS navigation in challenging environments based on robust statistics. M-estimators showed promising results in this context, but are limited by some fixed hyper-parameters. Our main idea is to adapt this parameter, for the Huber cost function, to the current environment in a data-driven manner. Doing so, we also present a simple yet efficient way of learning with satellite data, whose number may vary over time. Focusing the learning problem on a single parameter enables to efficiently learn with a lightweight neural network. The generalization capability and the positioning performance of the proposed method are evaluated in multiple contexts scenarios (open-sky, trees, urban and urban canyon), with two distinct GNSS receivers, and in an airplane ground inspection scenario. The maximum positioning error is reduced by up to 68% with respect to M-estimators.
Published: 2022
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29. An unsupervised approach for health index building and for similarity-based remaining useful life estimation

Author: Sébastien Schwartz, Juan José Montero Jiménez, Rob Vingerhoeds, Michel Salaün, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Similarity-based, Kernel principal component analysis, General Computer Science, Autre, Remaining useful life, General Engineering, Predictive maintenance, Prognostic
Abstract: International audience; Predictive maintenance techniques attempt to trigger a maintenance intervention at the right moment by estimating the life expectation. Predictive maintenance is increasingly implemented by automated approaches able to perform diagnostics and prognostics. The main part of recent research in these approaches is focused in machinelearning structures whose reasoning is implicit and cannot be easily explained. This poses a problem for theirimplementation in highly constrained area such as aeronautics. To overcome this constraint, explicit reasoningapproaches such as the Similarity-Based Model (SBM) can be implemented. The SBM has been widely used for fault diagnostics and the remaining useful life (RUL) estimation, but the development of SBM includes tasks that often rely on high skilled experts. For instance, data reduction techniques required for SBM are often performed by experts judgment whose outcomes are not always consistent. The produced features from these techniques are used to build the Health Index that can be used to create the degradation trends that serve as a reference for the SBM. To overcome these difficulties, an automatic and unsupervised approach based on the Kernel Principal Component Analysis is proposed to enhance the Health Index creation. It preserves as much of the sensor information as possible improving the similarity-based RUL estimation. Additionally, when estimating the RUL of a system, the most similar degradation trends stored in the SBM library are used to compute individual RULs, the final RUL is obtained by a fusion rule technique that combines all these individual RULs into a consolidated value. For the fusion rule techniques, a self-adaptive method that does not rely on human expertize is proposed. This fusion rule can benefit of the accumulated knowledge over the SBM operation. This unsupervised approach to develop a SBM is validated with promising results against an equivalent and supervised algorithm that came out best in the 2008 prognostic health management challenge.
Published: 2022
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30. Improving mechanical ice protection systems with substrate shape optimization

Author: V. Palanque, A. Marbœuf, M. Budinger, V. Pommier-Budinger, L. Bennani, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Office National d'Etudes et Recherches Aérospatiales - ONERA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), ONERA / DMPE, Université de Toulouse [Toulouse], ONERA-PRES Université de Toulouse, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Optimization, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Fracture, Autre, De-icing, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, Topology, Optimization, Topology, Electro-mechanical
Abstract: International audience; Mechanical and electro-mechanical de-icing systems are low-energy ice protection solutions based on fracturemechanisms. It can, however, be difficult to obtain the protection of an entire surface due to the limited propagation of fractures for some mechanisms. This article shows how it is possible to reshape the substrate in orderto favor the propagation of adhesive fracture at the ice/substrate interface. The first part of the paper introducesan analytical beam theory approach for running computations quickly, making it possible to achieve parametricoptimization of the substrate thickness and maximize the propagation length. The optimization results werevalidated using FEM software and tests on an aluminum prototype. A second method is also studied in this paper,topology optimization is used on a 2D finite element model to minimize the substrate mass of the proposedsolution and adhesive crack propagation is assessed in comparison with the mass impact. For different boundaryconditions, propagation ranges can be increased by up to 150% with a mass increase limited to 50%. Usingtopology optimization, the additional mass could be reduced by 60% while maintaining the sameperformances.
Published: 2022
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31. Surrogate modeling: tricks that endured the test of time and some recent developments

Author: Tushar Goel, Felipe A. C. Viana, Christian Gogu, University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Control and Optimization, Computer science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, 02 engineering and technology, Variable screening, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, 010104 statistics & probability, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Data sampling, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], sequential sampling, 0101 mathematics, Sequential sampling, Uncertainty quantification, 021103 operations research, business.industry, Dimensionality reduction, Design of experiments, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, surrogate modeling, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Computer Science Applications, Test (assessment), design of experiments, Control and Systems Engineering, Artificial intelligence, Engineering design process, business, computer, Software
Abstract: International audience; Tasks such as analysis, design optimization, and uncertainty quantification can be computationally expensive. Surrogate modeling is often the tool of choice for reducing the burden associated with such data-intensive tasks. However, even after years of intensive research, surrogate modeling still involves a struggle to achieve maximum accuracy within limited resources. This work summarizes various advanced, yet often straightforward, statistical tools that help. We focus on four techniques with increasing popularity in the surrogate modeling community: (i) variable screening and dimensionality reduction in both the input and the output spaces, (ii) data sampling techniques or design of experiments, (iii) simultaneous use of multiple surrogates, and (iv) sequential sampling. We close the paper with some suggestions for future research.
Published: 2021
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32. A New Approach for Optimizing a Bipolar Charge Transport Model for Dielectric Materials: Theoretical Framework

Author: Fulbert Baudoin, K. Hallak, Virginie Griseri, Stéphane Segonds, Florian Bugarin, LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Diélectriques Solides et Fiabilité (LAPLACE-DSF), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: 010302 applied physics, Materials science, [PHYS.MPHY]Physics [physics]/Mathematical Physics [math-ph], Charge density, Charge (physics), Sobol sequence, Dielectric, 01 natural sciences, Space charge, Set (abstract data type), [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Low-density polyethylene, 0103 physical sciences, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH.MATH-OC]Mathematics [math]/Optimization and Control [math.OC], Sensitivity (control systems), [MATH]Mathematics [math], Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Biological system, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: A bipolar charge transport model with two levels of traps (shallow and deep traps) is employed to describe and investigate the dynamic behavior of the space charge in low-density polyethylene (LDPE). This kind of model requires some initial experimental conditions alongside a set of parameters. An optimization method is used in order to provide the best precision for model parameters. Furthermore, the sensitivity of these parameters has been analyzed using an approach based on Sobol's method. In essence, this paper proposes a specific protocol that contributes to producing a global set of parameters able to provide the best approximate fit between experimental and simulated results. Net charge density is measured by the pulse electro-acoustic method (PEA) along with what is known as external charging current measurements. The simulated data are obtained by a bipolar charge transport model, which is developed for low-sensity polyethylene.
Published: 2021
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33. A coupled closed-form/Doubly Asymptotic Approximation approach for the response of orthotropic plates subjected to an underwater explosion

Author: Ye Pyae Sone Oo, Hervé Le Sourne, Olivier Dorival, Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Catholique d'Arts et Métiers (ICAM), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)
Subjects: Ocean Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], 02 engineering and technology, Orthotropic material, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Underwater explosion (UNDEX), 0203 mechanical engineering, Deflection (engineering), Fluid-structure interaction (FSI), [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], 0103 physical sciences, Underwater explosion, Parametric statistics, Physics, Mechanical Engineering, Isotropy, Mathematical analysis, Finite difference, LS-DYNA/USA, Doubly-Asymptotic Approximation (DAA), [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Exponential function, Shock (mechanics), 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) method
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, a closed-form analytical solution procedure is proposed to solve the coupled fluid-structure interaction (FSI) equations that involve the first-order Doubly Asymptotic Approximation (DAA1) formulation. An efficient method comprised of the nonstandard finite difference (NSFD) scheme is applied. First of all, analytical equations are developed to analyze the response of a rigid mass-spring oscillator in an air-backed condition when it is subjected to a plane shock exponential wave coming from a far-field underwater explosion. After validating the results with LS-DYNA/USA (DAA1), these equations are extended to determine the response of a two-dimensional, simply-supported rectangular plate, and then tested on the isotropic and orthotropic plates within a small deflection regime. Parametric studies are also performed by varying the load decay times, peak pressures, as well as the aspect ratios of the plate. Finally, the advantages and limitations of the proposed formulae are exposed along with suggestions for the future work.
Published: 2021
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34. A common framework for the design optimization of fixed-wing, multicopter and VTOL UAV configurations

Author: Pollet, Félix, Delbecq, Scott, Budinger, Marc, Moschetta, Jean-Marc, Liscouët, Jonathan, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Concordia University [Montreal]
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], UAV, Design optimization, Fixed-wing, Multicopter, MDO, Drone, VTOL
Abstract: International audience; In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicles applications have grown in various fields. New design configurations have emerged to address these needs. This paper focuses on the multidisciplinary design optimization of three popular concepts of drones under a common framework: multicopters, fixed-wings, and the more recent fixed-wing VTOLs. Low-fidelity but computationally efficient models for drone sizing are proposed, some of them being shared by the different concepts. The models are integrated with a design optimization approach, and an efficient sizing methodology allows for reducing the problem complexity. This approach is instrumental because of the large number of design variables and constraints involved in the multidisciplinary design process. Examples of sizing results are provided to validate the methodology for fixed wing UAVs. In addition, a study case demonstrates the benefit of a common framework for comparing the performances of different drone concepts. A key finding is that the VTOL propulsion of the fixed-wing VTOLs must be carefully optimized to avoid an undesirable mass penalty.
Published: 2022

35. Proposition of a new qualification impact test for aerospace smart structures

Author: Gastaldo, Giulia, Rafik, Younes, Budinger, Marc, Pommier-Budinger, Valérie, Olivier, Philippe, Navarro, Pablo, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Piezoelectric transducers, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], BVID, Impact test, [SPI.MECA.MSMECA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Materials and structures in mechanics [physics.class-ph], Smart structures, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; Piezoelectric materials are employed in several different aerospace applications thanks to their actuating and sensing abilities. They can be adopted to control vibration, stress distribution, aeroelastic stability, shape changes, and in structural health monitoring systems. Given the level of reliability required in aeronautics, it is of vital importance to ensure their correct functioning during all aircraft life and for critical events such as impacts. This paper proposes a novel test standard method to measure and qualify the damage resistance of smart PZT structures to a drop-weight impact event. Procedures for the quantification of damage through measurements of electromechanical characteristics are introduced and verified by impact tests.
Published: 2022

36. Aeroelastic analysis of high aspect ratio and strut-braced wings

Author: Lamer, Yoann Le, Morlier, Joseph, Benard, Emmanuel, He, Ping, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Iowa State University (ISU)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], High Aspect Ratio (HAR) wings, Strut-Braced wings (SBW), Aeroelasticity, Multidisciplinary Design Analysis (MDA)
Abstract: International audience; Increasing the aspect ratio of transonic aircraft wings represent a promising path to allow aviation to reduce its carbon footprint. The objective of this study is to develop sufficiently accurate aero-structural models in order to fully exploit High Aspect Ratio (HAR) wings drag reduction and performance improvements potential at preliminary design stage. The use of a multifidelity approach makes it possible to reduce computational costs by mainly resorting to low-fidelity computations and only running high-fidelity computations when necessary. The first step is to develop high and low fidelity models to perform static aeroelastic analysis on the NASA CRM wing. These models will be used as a baseline to be compared with other configurations of interest. Afterwards, models are developed for a modified version of the CRM wing with a higher aspect ratio, and static aeroelastic analysis are carried out. Finally, a Strut-Braced Wing (SBW) configuration is studied to evaluate its mass reduction potential, in addition to the drag reduction provided by the increased aspect ratio. These aero-structural models are implemented within an in-house aeroelastic analysis and optimization framework. This works focuses on aeroelastic analysis for now, but is to be extended to aeroelastic optimization, using a multifidelity approach.
Published: 2022

37. An outer approximation bi-level framework for mixed categorical structural optimization problems

Author: Pierre-Jean Barjhoux, Youssef Diouane, Stéphane Grihon, Joseph Morlier, Airbus (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Département de mathématiques et de génie industriel, École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM), Airbus Operation S.A.S., and Airbus [France]
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Outer approximation, Control and Optimization, Structural optimization, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Categorical variables, Computer Science Applications, Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE), Mécanique des structures, [SPI.MECA.STRU]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Structural mechanics [physics.class-ph], Optimization and Control (math.OC), Control and Systems Engineering, FOS: Mathematics, Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Software
Abstract: In this paper, mixed categorical structural optimization problems are investigated. The aim is to minimize the weight of a truss structure with respect to cross-section areas, materials and cross-section type. The proposed methodology consists of using a bi-level decomposition involving two problems: master and slave. The master problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear problem where the linear constraints are incrementally augmented using outer approximations of the slave problem solution. The slave problem addresses the continuous variables of the optimization problem. The proposed methodology is tested on three different structural optimization test cases with increasing complexity. The comparison to state-of-the-art algorithms emphasizes the efficiency of the proposed methodology in terms of the optimum quality, computation cost, as well as its scalability with respect to the problem dimension. A challenging 120-bar dome truss optimization problem with 90 categorical choices per bar is also tested. The obtained results showed that our method is able to solve efficiently large scale mixed categorical structural optimization problems., Accepted for publication in Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, to appear 2022
Published: 2022
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38. Infrasound From Large Earthquakes Recorded on a Network of Balloons in the Stratosphere

Author: Raphael F. Garcia, Adrien Klotz, Albert Hertzog, Roland Martin, Solène Gérier, Ervan Kassarian, Jérôme Bordereau, Stéphanie Venel, David Mimoun, Centre National d'Études Spatiales - CNES (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Sorbonne Université (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Ecole Normale Supérieure de Paris - ENS Paris (FRANCE), Ecole Polytechnique (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UMR 8539) (LMD), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département des Géosciences - ENS Paris, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), and Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)
Subjects: Geophysics, quake, Planétologie et astrophysique de la terre, Autre, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], solid Earth, stratospheric balloon, infrasound, Seismic infrasound, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, pressure sensor, Venus
Abstract: International audience; The ground movements induced by seismic waves create acoustic waves propagating upward in the atmosphere, thus providing a practical solution to perform remote sensing of planetary interiors. However, a terrestrial demonstration of a seismic network based on balloon-carried pressure sensors has not been provided. Here we present the first detection of seismic infrasound from a large magnitude quake on a balloon network. We demonstrate that quake's properties and planet's internal structure can be probed from balloon-borne pressure records alone because these are generated by the ground movements at the planet surface below the balloon. Various seismic waves are identified, thus allowing us to infer the quake magnitude and location, as well as planetary internal structure. The mechanical resonances of balloon system are also observed. This study demonstrates the interest of planetary geophysical mission concepts based on seismic remote sensing with balloon platforms, and their interest to complement terrestrial seismic networks.
Published: 2022
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39. A simplified modal analysis of a single lap bonded joint using the macro-element technique

Author: Benjamin Ordonneau, Éric Paroissien, Michel Salaün, Alejandro Benitez-Martin, Sébastien Schwartz, Julien Malrieu, Alexandre Guigue, Centre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - CETIM (FRANCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Direction Générale pour l'Armement - DGA (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - Cetim (FRANCE), Direction générale de l'armement - Techniques aéronautiques (DGA-TA), and DGA
Subjects: Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Modal analysis, Single-lap bonded joint, Condensed Matter Physics, Macro-element, Functionally graded adhesive -Balanced joint, Mechanics of Materials, Modeling and Simulation, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Unbalanced joint, General Materials Science, Mécanique des matériaux, Finite Element analysis
Abstract: International audience; Modal analyses are essential steps in structural design. Simple and quick numerical procedures and design tools for modal and dynamic analysis of bonded joints would be an attractive option to increase the efficiency of the design process in its early phases. This paper offers a simple and quick numerical tool dedicated to the modal analysis of single lap bonded joints with balanced and unbalanced adherends with various boundary conditions. Based on the macro-element technique developed with Taylor expansion in power series, this paper gives all the steps to develop the mass matrix associated with a macro-element. The mass matrix has been developed so far for 1D-bar and 1D-beam kinematic frameworks. The results obtained with the macro-element technique and a Finite Element analysis give similar results.
Published: 2022
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40. Study of the fracture behaviour in hybrid fibers reinforced thermoplastic laminates: Influence of temperature and initial notch orientation

Author: Vieille, Benoit, Pujols Gonzalez, Juan-Daniel, Bouvet, Christophe, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - INSA (FRANCE), Normandie Université (FRANCE), Groupe de physique des matériaux (GPM), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Mécanique des structures, Damage mechanics, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Mixed-mode, Temperature, General Materials Science, Thermoplastic, Fracture toughness, Condensed Matter Physics, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: The present work was aimed at investigating the failure of quasi-isotropic fibers reinforced thermoplastic laminates solicited at different testing temperatures. Single-edge-notch bending (SENB) tests were conducted at room temperature (RT) and at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature (Tg) to investigate the influence of failure mode (depending on initial notch orientation) as well as matrix ductility and toughness (depending on testing temperature) on: (1) damage mechanisms – (2) critical translaminar fracture toughness Gc and (3) G-R curves evolution. The mixed mode fracture toughness GI+II,c is dramatically lower than the mode I fracture toughness GIc, with −52% and −67% decreases, at RT and 150 °C respectively. In 45° notched specimens, most of the fracture energy (about 80%) stems from the mode I failure. Though they are not prominent on fracture, the failure mechanisms associated with mode II are instrumental in limiting the contribution of mode I on fracture behavior. Finally, though a temperature increase has very little influence on GIc, it significantly reduces the value of GI+II,c (−32%). This change primarily results from the formation of plastic-kink bands in compression that are promoted by both the ductility of the polyether ether ketone (PEEK) matrix at T > Tg and the mixed-mode failure.
Published: 2022
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41. Experimental analysis of the effects of wrinkles in the radius of curvature of L-shaped carbon-epoxy specimens on unfolding failure

Author: Journoud, pierre, Bouvet, Christophe, Castanié, Bruno, Ratsifandrihana, Léon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Segula Technologies (FRANCE), Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), and Segula Technologies [France]
Subjects: Carbon fibre, Mécanique des structures, Fracture, Mechanics of Materials, Delamination, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Ceramics and Composites, Damage tolerance, Mechanical testing, Defects, Carbon fibres
Abstract: International audience; An experimental study has been carried out to describe the evolution of the failure load relative to the maximum misalignment angle of curved carbon–epoxy laminates with out-of-plane wrinkle defects for a large range of misalignments. L-angle specimens with different levels of fibre wrinkling were manufactured and tested in four-point bending tests. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and infrared thermography were used to monitor the tests. They allowed the stress concentrations induced by the wrinkles to be identified, together with their influences on the failure load of the sample. In most cases, increases in wrinkling levels led to decreases in failure loads.
Published: 2022
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42. Generalized cutting force model for peripheral milling of wood, based on the effect of density, uncut chip cross section, grain orientation and tool helix angle

Author: Rémi Curti, Louis Denaud, Bertand Marcon, Giacomo Goli, Marco Togni, Rocco Furferi, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale (DIEF), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM), and Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI)
Subjects: 040101 forestry, 0106 biological sciences, cutting forces, Materials science, Work (physics), Helix angle, grain orientation, Forestry, Geometry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, wood machining, Chip, Modelling, Cutting Force, wood milling, 01 natural sciences, tool geometry, Vibration, Cross section (physics), Machining, 010608 biotechnology, Helix, Cutting force model, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, General Materials Science, Mécanique: Mécanique des matériaux [Sciences de l'ingénieur]
Abstract: Article publié en open-access sous accord avec CRUI-CARE (Université de Florence) The influence of the grain angle on the cutting force when milling wood is not yet detailed, apart from particular cases (end-grain, parallel to the grain, or in some rare cases 45°-cut). Thus, setting-up wood machining operations with complex paths still relies mainly on the experience of the operators because of the lack of scientific knowledge easily transferable to the industry. The aim of the present work is to propose an empirical model based on specific cutting coefficients for the assessment of cutting force when peripheral milling of wood based on the following input: uncut chip thickness and width, grain angle (angle between the tool velocity vector and the grain direction of the wood), density and tool helix angle. The specific cutting coefficients were determined by peripheral milling with different depths of cut wood disks issued from different wood species on a dynamometric platform to record the forces. Milling a sample into a round shape (a disk) allows to measure the cutting forces toward every grain angle into a sole basic diameter reduction operation. Force signals are then post-processed to carefully clean the natural vibrations of the system without impacting their magnitudes. The experiment is repeated on five species with a large range of densities, machining two disks per species for five depths of cut in up- and down milling conditions for three different tool helix angles. Finally, a simple cutting force model, based on the previously cited parameters, is proposed, and its robustness analysed. - This work was made possible thanks to the funding of the ANISOTROPEE project from the University of Florence (IT) and the support of the Région Bourgogne Franche-Comté (FR). Authors also want to acknowledge Gianluca Fantacci (G3 Fantacci Corp) for designing and providing the three cutting tools used during the core experimental campaign of this study. - Giacomo Goli would like to acknowledge the Art et Metiers Institute of Technology (ENSAM, Cluny campus, France) for financing 2 months in the laboratory LaBoMaP as invited researcher. - Rémi Curti would like to acknowledge the European COST Action FP1407 for funding a Short Term Scientific Mission of 1 week at DAGRI during his Ph.D to work with Giacomo Goli.
Published: 2021
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43. Robust Variational-Based Kalman Filter for Outlier Rejection With Correlated Measurements

Author: Jordi Vila-Valls, Daniel Medina, Haoqing Li, Pau Closas, Northeastern University [Boston], German Aerospace Center (DLR), Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), German Aerospace Center - DLR (GERMANY), Northeastern University (USA), Département d'Electronique, Optronique et Signal - DEOS (Toulouse, France), and Chouzenoux, Emilie
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Noise measurement, Computer science, Gaussian, Correlated measurements, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 02 engineering and technology, Kalman filter, Robust filtering, Heavy-tailed noise, Nautische Systeme, Data modeling, Nonlinear system, symbols.namesake, Autre, Signal Processing, Outlier, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Task analysis, symbols, Outliers, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Variational Bayes, Algorithm
Abstract: International audience; State estimation is a fundamental task in many engineering fields, and therefore robust nonlinear filtering techniques able to cope with misspecified, uncertain and/or corrupted models must be designed for real-life applicability. In this contribution we explore nonlinear Gaussian filtering problems where measurements may be corrupted by outliers,and propose a new robust variational-based filtering methodology able to detect and mitigate their impact. This method generalizes previous contributions to the case of multiple outlier indicators for both independent and dependent observation models. An illustrative example is provided to support the discussion and show the performance improvement.
Published: 2021
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44. Robust Active Mirror Control Based on Hybrid Sensing for Spacecraft Line-of-Sight Stabilization

Author: Daniel Alazard, Valérie Pommier-Budinger, Samir Bennani, Francesco Sanfedino, Valentin Preda, Fabrice Boquet, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), ESA - ESTEC (NETHERLANDS), Département Conception et conduite des véhicules Aéronautiques et Spatiaux (DCAS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: Test bench, Fast steering mirror (FSM), Computer science, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Robust control, Microvibrations, 02 engineering and technology, Systèmes dynamiques, 01 natural sciences, 0203 mechanical engineering, Pointing stability, 0103 physical sciences, Digital image processing, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Uncertainty quantification, Adaptive optics, 010301 acoustics, Spacecraft, business.industry, Bandwidth (signal processing), System identification, Control engineering, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Hybrid sensing, Control and Systems Engineering, business
Abstract: International audience; Modern space-observation missions demand stringent pointing requirements that motivated a significant amount of research on the topic of microvibration isolation and line-of-sight stabilization systems. While disturbances can be reduced by mounting some of the noisy equipment on various isolation platforms, residual vibrations can still propagate through and be amplified by the flexible structure of the spacecraft. In order to alleviate these issues, the line of sight must also be actively controlled at the payload level. However, such systems typically have to rely solely on low-frequency sensors based on image processing algorithms. The goal of this article is to present a model-based control methodology that can increase the bandwidth of such systems by making use of additional rate sensors mounted on the main disturbance elements impacting the optical path. Following a comprehensive model identification and uncertainty quantification part, the robust control strategy is designed to account for plant uncertainty and provide formal worst case performance guarantees. Excellent agreement between theoretical prediction and experimental results are obtained on a test bench developed at the European Space Agency.
Published: 2021
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45. Velocity Decomposition Method for Exergy-Based Drag Prediction

Author: Sébastien Duplaa, Xavier Carbonneau, Andrew Turnbull, Miguel Angel Aguirre, Safran Tech, Département Aérodynamique Energétique et Propulsion (DAEP), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), and SAFRAN (FRANCE)
Subjects: Exergy, Lift-to-drag ratio, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Drag coefficient, business.industry, Mécanique des fluides, Aerospace Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Aerodynamics, Mechanics, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, [SPI.MECA.MEFL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Fluids mechanics [physics.class-ph], 010305 fluids & plasmas, 0203 mechanical engineering, 13. Climate action, Drag, 0103 physical sciences, Wingtip vortices, business, Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations, Mathematics
Abstract: International audience; The exergy method is a powerful tool for aerodynamic analysis and drag prediction. However, its formulation still requires further improvements in order to obtain a useful drag breakdown for the analysis of wind tunnel data (like the far-field methods). The far-field drag breakdown is achieved by using a velocity decomposition technique but the related formulation is not well suited for the exergy method. Thus, the main objective of this work is to develop a new velocity decomposition suited for the exergy analysis and to propose a related exergy-based drag breakdown formulation for wind tunnel applications.
Published: 2020
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46. An efficient reliability-based design optimization study for PCM-based heat-sink used for cooling electronic devices

Author: Ahmed Yaich, Lassaad Walha, Bessem Debich, Abdelkhalak El Hami, Mohamed Haddar, Wajih Gafsi, Laboratoire de Mécanique de Normandie (LMN), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de recherche de Mécanique, Modélisation et Production (LA2MP), Université de Sfax - University of Sfax-École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax | National School of Engineers of Sfax (ENIS), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: Emerging technologies, Computer science, General Mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, Thermal management of electronic devices and systems, Heat sink, 7. Clean energy, 0203 mechanical engineering, General Materials Science, Electronics, Process engineering, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Civil and Structural Engineering, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Mechatronics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Phase-change material, [SPI.MECA.GEME]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Mechanics of Materials, Heat transfer, [SPI.MECA.THER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Thermics [physics.class-ph], 0210 nano-technology, business, Reliability based design
Abstract: Nowadays, development of new technologies requires efficient mechatronic components which needs more sophisticated cooling systems. Furthermore, phase change material (PCM) based heat sinks present...
Published: 2020
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47. A new method for choosing between ball-end cutter and toroidal cutter when machining free-form surfaces

Author: Mahfoud Herraz, Jean-Max Redonnet, Marcel Mongeau, Mohammed Sbihi, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi)
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, business.product_category, principal component analysis, Computer science, [PHYS.MECA.GEME]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Mechanical engineering [physics.class-ph], Mechanical engineering, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, 02 engineering and technology, free-form surface, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Machining, ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS, end milling, Toroid, Mechanical Engineering, End milling, Stamping, Computer Science Applications, ball-end cutter, Machined surface, Control and Systems Engineering, toroidal cutter, Ball (bearing), Die (manufacturing), Free form, business, Software
Abstract: International audience; End-milling of free-form surfaces on multi-axis CNC machines are complex and expensive operations involved in the production of many high-value parts, molds and stamping dies. For such operations, the choice of the cutter type to use is very important given the considerable impact of this choice on the quality of the machined surface and the duration of the operation. In this paper, a new method for choosing between ball-end cutter and toroidal cutter is provided. This procedure gives a good hint on the best tool to employ with no need to carry out any machining simulation.
Published: 2020
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48. Strength Loss of Basalt-Based Mineral Fibers after Thermal Desizing

Author: Florian Boutenel, Gilles Dusserre, Thierry Cutard, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), and Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)
Subjects: basalt fibers, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], desizing, heat treatment, General Materials Science, mechanical properties
Abstract: International audience; This study investigates the effects of desizing by heat cleaning on tensile properties of basalt-based mineral fibers. Two heat treatments, which lead to a complete removal of the sizing layer, were considered: one at low temperature (350°C) for a long time (10 h) and one at high temperature (600°C) for a short time (35 min). Desizing greatly affects tensile strength. High temperature and short time treatment conditions lead to the most severe strength degradation (66%). SEM micrographs reveal that failure originates from surface defects. Mechanisms responsible for strength loss were investigated by X-ray diffraction analyses, density measurements and differential thermal analyses. Strength degradation is ascribed to sizing layer removal and to thermally activated structural rearrangement of basalt.
Published: 2020
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49. Survey on signal processing for GNSS under ionospheric scintillation: Detection, monitoring, and mitigation

Author: James T. Curran, Pau Closas, Jordi Vila-Valls, Fabio Dovis, Nicola Linty, Département Electronique, Optronique et Signal (DEOS), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Finnish Geospatial Research Institute (FGI), Northeastern University [Boston], Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), European Commission, Joint Research Centre - JRC (IRELAND), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Finnish Geospatial Research Institute - FGI-NLS (FINLAND), Northeastern University (USA), and Politecnico di Torino (ITALY)
Subjects: Mitigation, Monitoring, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Computer science, Aerospace Engineering, Carrier synchronization, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Synchronization, Physics::Geophysics, Interplanetary scintillation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Ionospheric scintillation, Traitement du signal et de l'image, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, 020301 aerospace & aeronautics, Scintillation, Signal processing, GNSS, GNSS, ionospheric scintillation, detection, monitoring, mitigation, robust tracking, carrier synchronization, Emphasis (telecommunications), Detection, 13. Climate action, GNSS applications, Physics::Space Physics, Satellite, Robust tracking, carrier synchronization, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Radio wave
Abstract: International audience; Ionospheric scintillation is the physical phenomena affecting radio waves coming from the space through the ionosphere. Such disturbance is caused by ionospheric electron‐density irregularities and is a major threat in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). From a signal‐processing perspective, scintillation is one of the most challenging propagation scenarios, particularly affecting high‐precision GNSS receivers and safety critical applications where accuracy, availability, continuity, and integrity are mandatory. Under scintillation, GNSS signals are affected by amplitude and phase variations, which mainly compromise the synchronization stage of the receiver. To counteract these effects, one must resort to advanced signal‐processing techniques such as adaptive/robust methods, machine learning, or parameter estimation. This contribution reviews the signal‐processing landscape in GNSS receivers, with emphasis on different detection, monitoring, and mitigation problems. New results using real data are provided to support the discussion. To conclude, future perspectives of interest to the GNSS community are discussed.
Published: 2020
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50. Towards multi-model approaches to predictive maintenance: A systematic literature survey on diagnostics and prognostics

Author: Michel Salaün, Sébastien Schwartz, Rob A. Vingerhoeds, Juan José Montero Jimenez, Bernard Grabot, Département d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Complexes (DISC), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (TEC), Sogeti High Tech, Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Capgemini [Toulouse], Capgemini, Laboratoire Génie de Production (LGP), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes (ENIT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Instituto Tecnologico de Costa Rica (COSTA RICA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Tarbes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux - IMT Mines Albi (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse - INSA (FRANCE), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace - ISAE-SUPAERO (FRANCE), Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica - Cartago (COSTA RICA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Capgemini (FRANCE), Laboratoire Génie de Production - LGP (Tarbes, France), Institut Clément Ader - ICA (Toulouse, France), and Département de Mécanique des Structures et Matériaux - DMSM (Toulouse, France)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, 0209 industrial biotechnology, Systematic survey, Computer science, Single-model approaches, 02 engineering and technology, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Predictive maintenance, Field (computer science), 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Autre, Multi-model approaches, Maintenance actions, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Diagnostics, Prognostics, Technological system, Predictive maintenance Systematic literature review, Risk analysis (engineering), Hardware and Architecture, Control and Systems Engineering, Research studies, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Literature survey, Software
Abstract: International audience; The use of a modern technological system requires a good engineering approach, optimized operations, and proper maintenance in order to keep the system in an optimal state. Predictive maintenance focuses on the organization of maintenance actions according to the actual health state of the system, aiming at giving a precise indication of when a maintenance intervention will be necessary. Predictive maintenance is normally implemented by means of specialized computational systems that incorporate one of several models to fulfil diagnostics and prognostics tasks. As complexity of technological systems increases over time, single-model approaches hardly fulfil all functions and objectives for predictive maintenance systems. It is increasingly commonto find research studies that combine different models in multi-model approaches to overcome complexity of predictive maintenance tasks, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each single model and trying to combine the best of them. These multi-model approaches have not been extensively addressed by previous review studies on predictive maintenance. Besides, many of the possible combinations for multi-model approaches remain unexplored in predictive maintenance applications; this offers a vast field of opportunities when architecting new predictive maintenance systems. This systematic survey aims at presenting the current trends in diagnostics and prognostics giving special attention to multi-model approaches and summarizing the current challenges and research opportunities.
Published: 2020
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